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1 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No13, (LVQOL ) CLVQOL, 2,, CLVQOL CLVQOL, , , CLVQOL CLVQOL, CLVQOL ;,, (, 2005, 41: ),; ; D evelopm en t and eva lua tion of psychom etr ic tests of the Ch inese2version of low v ision qua lity of life questionna ire ZOU Hai2dong, ZHANG X i, XU Xun, BA I L in. D epartm ent of O phthalm ology, First People s Hospital, M edical College of Shanghai J iaotong U niversity, Shanghai , China Corresponding author: ZOU Hai2dong, Em ail: zouhaidong@ 2631net AbstractO bjectiveto develop and evaluate a Chinese language vision health related quality2of2 life (VRQoL ) questionnaire1 M ethods The low vision quality of life questionnaire (LVQOL ) was translated and adap ted into the Chinese2version low vision quality of life questionnaire ( CLVQOL ) 1 The systematic p rotocolswere set as 3 forward translations, 2 comm ittee reviews and 1 back2ward translation1 The CLVQOL was performed in 100 random ly selected peop le with low vision (p rimary group ) and 100 peop le with normal vision ( control group) 1 N inety2four participants from the p rimary group comp leted the CLVQOL and repeated 2 weeks later ( test2retest group) 1 The results were compared with patient demographics and the internal consistency reliability, test2retest reliability, item 2internal consistency, item 2discrim ination validity, construct validity and discrim ination validity of the CLVQOL were calculated1 Results The review comm ittee agreed that the CLVQOL rep licated the meaning of the LVQOL and was sensitive to cultural adap tations1 The Cronbachcoefficient and the sp lit2half coefficient for the four scales and total CLVQOL scales were 0175 to The test2retest reliability as estimated by intraclass correlation coefficient was 0169 to Item 2internal consistency was > 014 and item 2discrim ination validity was generally < The varimax rotation factor analysis of the CLVQOL identified four p rincipal factors1 A ll of the scores of four subscales and the total score of CLVQOL of the p rimary group were lower than those of the control group, both in patients and local residents1 CLVQOL scores were highly correlated with visual acuity1 Conclusion s The CLVQOL is a culturally specific VRQOL measure instrument1 CLVQOL can satisfy conventional p sychometric criteria, can discrim inate visually healthy populations from low vision patients and is valuable in the clinical p ractice and in the screening of the community populations1 ( Chin J Ophthalmol, 2005, 41: ) Key wordsv ision, low; Quality of life; Questionnaires : (131014Y8) : :, zouhaidong@263. net 20 80,, [ 1, 2 ],

2 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No13 247,,,, ( vision health related quality2of2life, VRQoL ), [ 3 ] ( SQOL2DV I),, VRQoL, (VF) (QOL ) [ 4 ], A ravind,, [ 4, 5 ] VRQoL 1200 [ 6 ], VRQoL,,,,, WolffsohnCochrane, A ston WolffsohnCochrane (LVQOL, the low vision quality of life questionnaire) [ 7, 8 ] LVQOL ( Chinese2version low vision quality of life questionnaire, CLVQOL), LVQOL 3, Wolffsohn, ( )Wolffsohn, LVQOL 12,,, :,,,,, , : 20,, [9 ] (1),, < < 0. 1 < < 0. 1 < < : n = { Z /2 / [ Z (R) - Z (R + C I H ) ]} ( = 0105, R = 017, C I H = 0105), 89 [ 10 ], 100, 63, 37, (), CLVQOL, 100 ( 013),, 1ν 1,,, (W ilcoxon, Z = , P = 0125)(W ilcoxon, Z = , P = 0146 ) (2 ), CLVQOL McDowellNewell [ 11 ], CLVQOL( 14 2 ) d,,

3 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No13 2 (, gx s) : 3 - CLVQOL, 4, 2,94( 60, 34) () (2) CLVQOL 100, , : 60,18, 15,14, 8, 5 94, , :57,17,14,13, 8, 5 CLVQOL, CLVQOL: ( internal consistency reliability), (Cronbach)( sp lit2half reliability) CLVQOL, ( intraclass correlation coefficients), ( test2retest reliability) CLVQOL, CLVQOL, ( content validity) ;, ( construct validity) t, ( discrim inant validity) :,, CLVQOLHolladay Prager [ 12 ] Monestam W achtmeister [ 13 ], SnellenlogMAR, Snellen 0101, logmar 212,logMAR 213, logmar 215 logmar logmar, CLVQOLlogMAR SPSS , P < 0105 CLVQOL CLVQOL ; ; 4 ( scale, ),25 ( item, ),0 5, 125,,,,1A4, : ( 1),,, (2) with your vision in general ( ), LVQOL, 95%,,, 38 m in1 CLVQOL, ,017 (3), , 0 1, (4 ), CLVQOL

4 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No CLVQOL CLVQOL 3 (A) (B) (C) (D) : 3 22tailed Spearman : 3 CLVQOL 11 : ( )( ) CLVQOL 4 A B C D,A1 A12, B1B4, C1C5D1D4, CLVQOL 014 A, A2C A3 C , 014 D, D2A D4 C , 014 (5), 21 :, 4(1), 6,, CLVQOL 31 : ( ),, CLVQOL t,d, (7), CLVQOL CLVQOL 4CLVQOL(95%) (0. 85, 0. 94) # (0. 89, 0. 95) # (0. 91, 0. 97) # (0. 70, 0. 85) # (0. 68, 0. 85) # (0. 46, 0. 83) # (0. 77, 0. 91) # (0. 80, 0. 91) # (0. 74, 0. 93) # (0. 75, 0. 90) # (0. 79, 0. 90) # (0. 79, 0. 94) # (0. 90, 0. 96) # (0. 91, 0. 96) # (0. 86, 0. 96) # : 3, 22way ; # P < # 6CLVQOL 3 D D D C C C C C D A A A A A A A A A A A A B B B B : 3 ; # A:, A1A12; B:,B1B4; C:,C1C5; D :, D1D4 CLVQOL t, ( t = 0138,

5 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No13 A 7CLVQOLt ( gx s) ( gx s) t ( t) B C D # : 3 P < 0. 01; # P = P = 0170) 0116, P = 0112,( 22tailed Spearman ) (One2way ANOVA, F = 2160, P = 0106) 0139,CLVQOL logmar 014,, (8) 8CLVQOL logmar 3 (A) (B) (C) (D) : 3 22tailed Spearman,,, VRQoL,, LVQOL VRQoL, VRQoL,,LVQOL ( ),,SQOL2DV I, LVQOL,,, LVQOL, VRQoL,, ( ),,,,,, CLVQOL,,,,, CLVQOL 94,,,,,,, CLVQOL,CLVQOL VRQoL, VRQoL, ( ), VRQoL( ) [ 2 ]

6 Chin J Ophthalmol, March 2005, Vol 41, No13 251,CLVQOL VRQoL, CLVQOL VRQoL(),,,CLVQOL,VRQoL, CLVQOL;,, VRQoL,,, 1 Steinbery EP, Tielsch JM, Schein OD, et al. The VF214: an index of functional impairment in patients with cataract. A rch Ophthalmol, 1994, 112: Mangione CM, Lee PP, Pitts J, et al. Psychometric properties of the national eye institute visual function questionnaire ( NE I2VFQ ). A rch Ophthalmol, 1998, 116: ,,,.., 1997, 33: ,,,.., 1999, 35: ,,,.., 2002, 38: , 1999, 35: Wolffsohn JS, Cochrane AL. Design of the low vision quality2of2life questionnaire (LVQOL ) and measuring the outcome of low2vision rehabilitation. Am J Ophthalmol, 2000, 130: Wolffsohn JS, Cochrane AL. Imp lementation methods for vision related quality of life questionnaires. B r J Ophthalmol, 2000, 84: ,,,. 50., 1999, 35: ,.., 2001, 9: McDowell L, Newell C. Measuring health: a guide to rating scales and questionnaires. New York: Oxford University Press, Holladay JT, Prager TC. Mean visual acuity ( letter ). Am J Ophthalmol, 1991, 111: Monestam E, W achtmeister L. D issatisfaction with cataract surgery in relation to visual results in a population2based study in Sweden. J Cataract Refract Surg, 1999, 25: ( : ) ( : ) 2005,, CN /R, ISSN ,, 126,,,, A4, 68, 7100, 42100,, : 42705,, : 83,, : :; : l ; : eentm@ citiz. net