Allocation and Accumulation of Pollutants in 8 Tree Species Grown in Ceramic Industry Polluted Area

Μέγεθος: px

Εμφάνιση ξεκινά από τη σελίδα:

Download "Allocation and Accumulation of Pollutants in 8 Tree Species Grown in Ceramic Industry Polluted Area"

Ἔρεβος Ρόκας
7 χρόνια πριν
Προβολές:

1 2011,19(5): 438~445 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 8 1, * ( ) S Cu Pb Ni Zn Mn Cr 198 ~ 3248 g 1187 g > > > > 8 S Cu Pb 325 ~ ~ ~ 11.0 μg g μg g -1 S Cu Pb 485 ~ ~ ~ 6.8 mg mg S > > > > > > > Cu > > > > > > > Pb > > > > > > > Q doi: /j.issn A (2011) Allocation and Accumulation of Pollutants in 8 Tree Species Grown in Ceramic Industry Polluted Area HOU En-qing 1,2, TAN Jia-de 3, LI Jian-li 4, ZHANG Ling-ling 1, LU Yao-dong 3, WEN Da-zhi 1* (1. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China; 3. Foshan Institue of Forestry, Foshan , China; 4. Agriculture and Forestry Technology Extension Centre of Nanhai District in Foshan, Foshan , China) Abstract The accumulation and allocation of pollutants in 8 one-year-old tree speeies seedlings were studied, which were planted in ceramic industry polluted area for one and half years. The results showed that S, Cu and Pb pollutants of soil were serious, while Ni, Zn, Mn and Cr pollutants were slight. Total dry mass per plant had significant differences among 8 tree species with a range from 198 g to 3248 g, and the mean of 1187 g. The contents of S and Pb changed greatly among different tree species and organs. The contents of S, Cu and Pb in 8 tree species ranged of , , and μg g -1, with the mean of 2459, 6.8, and 3.5 μg g -1, respectively, while their accumulation per plant ranged of , , and mg, with the average of 2367, 8.0, and 2.9 mg, respectively. The S accumulation per plant was in order as F. altissima > T. championi > F. microcarpa > P. heterophyllum > A. dioica > G. robusta > F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis > G. axillaris; Cu: F. altissima > T. championi > F. microcarpa > G. robusta > P. heterophyllum > F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis > A ( ) (200901) (1986 ~ ), houeq@scib.ac.cn * Corresponding author, dzwen@scib.ac.cn

2 dioica > G. axillaris; Pb: F. microcarpa > G. robusta > T. championi > F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis > P. heterophyllum > F. altissima > G. axillaris > A. dioica. It suggested that F. altissima, T. championi and F. microcarpa were suitable for phytoremediation in ceramic industry polluted area. Key words Ceramic industry polluted area; Dry mass allocation; Tree species; Phytoremediation SO 2 NO X (23 04' N ' E) ,6 79% mm (Ficus altissima) ( F. microcarpa ) ( Pterospermum heterophyllum) ( Grevillea robusta ) 10,12 (Tutcheria championi) ( F. microcarpa var. 20 fuyuensis) (Aporusa dioica) (Gordonia 11 axillaris) m 1.5 m 1 hm g cm 8 0 ~ 5 cm 5 ~ 20 cm 2

3 (Optimal 2000 USA) ( cm Microsoft Excel cm Sigmaplot 10.0 SPSS ± 3 Pb Cr Ni HNO 3 -HF-HClO 4 (7 4 1 V/V/V) Cu Pb HNO 3 - GSV-2 GSS-5 ESS-3) ~ 60 g 65 (% ) (g) = (g) ( > 2 mm) ( 2 mm) ~ ~ 5 cm S Pb Cu Pb Ni 5 ~ 20 cm (P < 0.05) 0 ~ 5 cm S Pb Pb 5 ~ 20 cm 8 (P < 0.01) 60 S Pb Cu Ni S Pb S LTDL-9 ( ) Mn Zn Cu Zn Pb 30 Zn Pb 0 ~ 5 cm HClO 4 (7 4 V/V) M n Zn Cu Pb Cr 5 ~ 20 cm Mn Zn Cr Ni 0.1 mol/l HCl Ni Mn 22 ICP-MS Zn Cr Ni 1 (μg g -1 ) Table 1 Contents (μg g -1 ) of elements in soil S Mn Cu Pb Zn Cr Ni Available 0 ~ 5 cm ± ± ± ± ± ± ~ 20 cm 5.71 ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.11 P Total 0 ~ 5 cm ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ~ 20 cm ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.97 P National standard value n = 5 Background value of Guangdong soil

4 /3 (D) (H) D 2 H (r = 0.986, P < 0.01) (r = 0.923, P < 0.01) (r = 0.868, P < 0.01) (r = 0.821, P < 0.05) 18, D 2 H ( 2.5 ) D 2 H > > > > > > ( 2) 2 8 Table 2 Basic growth parameters of 8 tree species Diameter Height Crown D 2 H Species (D) (cm) (H) (m) width (m) (cm 3 ) n = 8 F. altissima 5.79 ± ± ± ± 7655 F. microcarpa 5.33 ± ± ± ± 3173 P. heterophyllum 3.76 ± ± ± ± 2942 G. robusta 2.78 ± ± ± ± 1138 T. championi 2.78 ± ± ± ± 1054 F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis 2.69 ± ± ± ± 301 A. dioica 2.16 ± ± ± ± 237 G. axillaris 1.64 ± ± ± ± % ~ 84.9% 77.8% (3248 g) 3. 3 (198 g) 1187 g % ~ 45.5% ( 30.8% ) S Cu Pb 325 ~ (16.2% ~ 52.4% 25.8% ) (15.7% ~ ~ ~ 11.0 μg g % 22.1% ) (9.2% ~ 42.9% 21.2% ) 0. 2% ~ 1. 1% ( μg g -1 S Cu Pb S 0.5% ) ( + + ) > > Cu 3 (g) Table 3 Allocation of dry mass (g) Species Leaf Branch Stem Coarse root Fine root Total / (% ) Aboveground/Total F. altissima 540(16.6) 546(16.8) 1242(38.2) 904(27.8) 16(0.5) F. microcarpa 159(9.2) 573(33.1) 561(32.4) 433(25.0) 7(0.4) P. heterophyllum 201(10.5) 315(16.4) 873(45.5) 527(27.5) 3(0.2) G. robusta 183(26.0) 155(22.0) 235(33.3) 128(18.2) 4(0.6) T. championi 276(29.4) 189(20.1) 240(25.6) 230(24.5) 3(0.3) F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis 45(10.0) 236(52.4) 101(22.4) 76(16.9) 5(1.1) A. dioica 78(25.4) 89(29.0) 73(23.8) 66(21.5) 2(0.7) G. axillaris 85(42.9) 32(16.2) 49(24.7) 31(15.7) 1(0.5) n = 8; n = 8. Data in bracket was the percentage of dry mass of organ to the total dry mass.

5 S Cu Pb (μg g -1 ) Table 4 Contents (μg g -1 ) of S, Cu and Pb in different organs of 8 tree species Elements Species Leaf Branch Stem Coarse root Fine root S F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris Cu F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris Pb F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris > > > > Pb > S Cu 0.6 ~ 6.8 mg mg S Cu Pb > > > > > > > Cu > 1,23,33 > > > > > > 12,34 8 S Pb > > > > 2338 ~ μg g μg g -1 S (2000 ~ 5000 μg g -1 ) 35 Cu 5.2 ~ 19.2 μg g -1 ( 12.8 μg g -1 Alloway 36 ( 5 ~ 20 μg g -1 ) Pb 0.1 ~ 7.7 μg g μg g -1 Pb (5 ~ 10 μg g -1 ) S Cu Pb S Cu Pb 485 ~ ~ 23.7 > > > S ( 30.6% ~ 71.0% ) + + ) 83.0% ~ 95.7% Cu Pb Cu Pb 74.2% ~ 98.3% 67.6% ~ 92.6% 87.3%

6 % Pearson 89.8% S 88.8% Cu Pb Pb (S Cu Pb) 29 Pb 5 8 S Cu Pb (mg) Table 5 Accumulation of S, Cu and Pb in plant organs of 8 tree species (mg) Elements Species Leaf Branch Stem Coarse root Fine root Total S F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris Cu F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris Pb F. altissima F. microcarpa P. heterophyllum G. robusta T. championi F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis A. dioica G. axillaris Mn Cr S Cu Pb 8 1,37 S Cu Pb 3 S S Cu S S S Pb Cu Cu S Cu Pb Pb Pb S Pb Cu Ni Zn

7 ( ) (1): S Cu 7 Liu L M ( ), Yang L( Punshon 38 rural urbanization J S Cu S Cu (in Chinese) 8 Su S Q ( 2 ~ 20 S Cu S Cu S Cu 9 Luo Y M ( S Cu J. Soils( ), 1999(5): ,80.(in Chinese) 19,39 10 Wang H B( ), Su W S( J. Acta Ecol Sin ( S Cu Pb Pb Pb Pb (4): Pb Pb Pb 8 species in a mining area J 2008, 19(4): (in Chinese) 13 Dickinson N M. Strategies for sustainable woodland on contaminated soils J 1 Kuang Y W( ), Zhou G Y( ), Wen D Z ( ). Environmental bioindication of sulphur in tree rings of masson pine (Pinus massoniana) in the Pearl River Delta of China J. J Beijing For Univ( ), 2008, 30 (2 ): 1-7. (in Chinese) 2 Wong S C, Li X D, Zhang G, et al. Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Pearl River Delta, South China J. Environ Pollut, 2002, 119(1): Guan D S( ), Chen Y J ( ), Ruan G B( ). Study on heavy metal concentrations and imapact of human activity on them in urban and suburb soils of Guangzhou J. Acta Sci Nat Univ Sunyatseni( ), 2001, 40(4): 93-96,101.(in Chinese) 4 Zhang Y D( ). Simple analysis of acid rain pollution in the Pearl River Delta Region J. Res Environ Sci( ), 1999, 12(3): (in Chinese) 5 Yuan Z( ). The way and direction of environmental protection in the Pearl River Delta J. Guangdong Environ Protect Sci Techn ( ), 2002, 12(2): 1-4.(in Chinese) 6 Wen D Z, Kuang Y W, Liu S Z, et al. Evidences and implications of vegetation damage from ceramic industrial emission on a rural site in the Pearl River Delta of China J. J For Res, 2006, 17 ), Li Z P( ). Landscaple ecological problems and the countermeasures in the process of. Ecol Environ ( ), 2006, 15 (1): ), Lin B S ( ), Zeng X D ( ). Ecological and environmental protection problems in land consolidation and the countermeasures J. Ecol Environ( ), 2006, 15(4): (in Chinese) ). Phytoremediation in metals polluted soil ), Lan C Y( ). Ecology for heavy metal pollution: Recent advances and future prospects Chinese) ), 2005, 25 (3 ): (in 11 Pulford I D, Watson C. Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated land by trees: A review J. Environ Inter, 2003, Liu W T( ), Zhang Y L( ), Chen Z M ( ), et al. Cadium and zinc absorption and distribution in various tree. Chin J Appl Ecol( ),. Chemosphere, 2000, 41(1/2): Dickinson N M, Turner A P, Lepp N W. How do trees and other long-lived plants survive in polluted environments J Funct Ecol, 1991, 5(1): Kahle H. Response of roots of trees to heavy-metals J. Environ Exp Bot, 1993, 33(1): Dickinson N M, Turner A P, Watmough S A, et al. Acclimation of trees to pollution stress Cellular metal tolerance traits J. Ann Bot (London), 1992, 70(6): Wen D Z( ), Kong G H( ), Zhang D Q( ), et al. Ecophysiological responses of 30 gardens plant species exposed to short-term air pollution J. Acta Phytoecol Sin( ), 2003, 27(3): (in Chinese) 18 Zheng F X( ), Yu C Z( ), Wen D Z( ), et al. Growth responses and dry mass allocation pattern of five subtropical tree species seedling to air pollution stress J. Ecol Environ( ), 2006, 15(3): (in Chinese) 19 Kong G H( ), Chen H T( ), Liu S Z( ), et al. Responses of garden greening plants to air pollution in Guangdong Province and the accumulation of pollutants in leaves J. J Trop Subtrop Bot( ), 2003, 11(4): (in Chinese) 20 Jiangsu Institute of Botany ( ), Guangdong Institute of Botany ( ), Beijing Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences(

8 ), et al. Anti-pollutant Greening Plants M. Beijing: Science Press, 1978: (in Chinese) 21 Sun L J( ), Chen H Y( ), Fang Z L( ), et al. Water-holding characterisitic of 0-20 cm depth soil in fengshui woods of Foshan City J. Guangdong For Sci Tech( ), 2007, 23(1): (in Chinese) 22 HJ/T , The Technical Specification for Soil Environmental Monitoring S. 2004: 1-41.(in Chinese) 23 Sucharova J, Suchara I. Distribution of 36 element deposition rates in a historic mining and smelting area as determined through fine-scale biomonitoring techniques: Part I: Relative and absolute current atmospheric deposition levels detected by moss analyses J. Water Air Soil Pollut, 2004, 153(1/2/3/4): Sabovljevic M, Vukojevic V, Sabovjevic A, et al. Determination of heavy metal deposition in the county of Obrenovac (Serbia) using mosses as bioindicators: III. Copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and mercury (Hg) J. Arch Biol Sci, 2007, 59(4): Pandey J, Pandey U. Accumulation of heavy metals in dietary vegetables and cultivated soil horizon in organic farming system in relation to atmospheric deposition in a seasonally dry tropical region of India J. Environ Monit Assess, 2009, 148(1/2/3/4): Adamo P, Arienzo M, Imperato M, et al. Distribution and partition of heavy metals in surface and sub-surface sediments of Naples City port J. Chemosphere, 2005, 61(6): Blaser P, Zimmermann S, Luster J, et al. Critical examination of trace element enrichments and depletions in soils: As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in Swiss forest soils J. Sci Tot Environ, 2000, 249(1/2/3): Sun F F, Wen D Z, Kuang Y W, et al. Concentrations of sulphur and heavy metals in needles and rooting soils of masson pine (Pinus massoniana L.) trees growing along an urban-rural gradient in Guangzhou, China J. Environ Monit Assess, 2009, 154(1/2/3/4): Wei S H ( ), Zhou Q X ( ), Wang X ( ). Characteristic of 18 species of weed hyperaccumulating heavy metals in contaminated soils J. J Basic Sci Eng( ), 2003, 11(2): (in Chinese) 30 China National Environmental Monitoring Centre( ). The Background Concentrations of Soil Elements in China M. Beijing: Chinese Environment Science Press, 1990: (in Chinese) 31 Zhao C Y( ), Song Y D( ), Wang Y C( ), et al. Estimation of aboveground biomass of desert plants J. Chin J Appl Ecol( ), 2004, 15 (1 ): (in Chinese) 32 Zhang L( ), Luo T X( ), Deng K M ( ), et al. Biomass and net primary productivity of secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Huangmian forest farm J. Chin J Appl Ecol( ), 2004, 15(11): (in Chinese) 33 Klumpp A, Bauer K, Franz-Gerstein C, et al. Variation of nutrient and metal concentrations in aquatic macrophytes along the Rio Cachoeira in Bahia (Brazil) J. Environ Inter, 2002, 28 (3): Zhang D Q( ), Chu G W( ), Yu Q F( ), et al. Decontamination ability of garden plants to absorb sulfur dioxide and fluoride J. J Trop Subtrop Bot( ), 2003, 11(4): (in Chinese) 35 Mengel K, Kirkby E A. Principles of Plant Nutrient M. 4th ed. Berlin: International Potash Institute, 1987: Alloway B J, Ayres D C. Chemical Principles of Environmental Pollution M. London: Blackie Academic and Professional, 1993: Zhu B Q, Chen Y W, Peng J H. Lead isotope geochemistry of the urban environment in the Pearl River Delta J. Appl Geochem, 2001, 16(4): Punshon T, Dickinson N M. Acclimation of Salix to metal stress J. New Phytol, 1997, 137(2): Wen D Z( ), Lu Y D( ), Kuang Y W( ), et al. Ecophysiological responses and sensitivity of 39 woody species exposed to air pollution J. J Trop Subtrop Bot( ), 2003, 11(4): (in Chinese)

Σχετικά έγγραφα

Research on the Effect and Technique of Remediation for Multi-Metal Contaminated Tailing Soils

Research on the Effect and Technique of Remediation for Multi-Metal Contaminated Tailing Soils 34 9 2013 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol 34 No 9 Sep 2013 1 2 1* 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 Marc Peters 1 1 100101 2 100049 EDTA Cd Pb 52 2 mg kg - 1 4 836 5 mg kg - 1 Cr 2 7% 60% Cd Pb 0 1% 0 1 mol L - 1 EDTA 1 6 2 3