ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ Ι. Ενότητα 03: G R A M M A R T e n s e s. Ζωή Κανταρίδου Τμήμα Εφαρμοσμένης Πληροφορικής

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1 Ενότητα 03: G R A M M A R T e n s e s revision Τμήμα Εφαρμοσμένης Πληροφορικής

2 Άδειες Χρήσης Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό υπόκειται σε άδειες χρήσης Creative Commons. Για εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, όπως εικόνες, που υπόκειται σε άλλου τύπου άδειας χρήσης, η άδεια χρήσης αναφέρεται ρητώς. 2

3 Χρηματοδότηση Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό έχει αναπτυχθεί στα πλαίσια του εκπαιδευτικού έργου του διδάσκοντα. Το έργο «Ανοικτά Ακαδημαϊκά Μαθήματα στο Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας» έχει χρηματοδοτήσει μόνο τη αναδιαμόρφωση του εκπαιδευτικού υλικού. Το έργο υλοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Εκπαίδευση και Δια Βίου Μάθηση» και συγχρηματοδοτείται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινωνικό Ταμείο) και από εθνικούς πόρους. 3

4 Table 1 ACTIVE VOICE PAST PRESENT FUTURE SIMPLE I (buy) my first computer in I (play) basketball every Sunday. It s cloudy. I think it (rain). (you go) shopping yesterday? (you do) any sports? CONTINUOUS Form: be+ -ing Use: action in progress We (have) an English class when we (hear) the noise. I (work)! (not disturb) me now. I (attend) the Open Office seminar this time next week. PERFECT Form: have+ -ed/pp Use: action completed I (already leave) when you called for me. (wash) your hands before cleaning the wound? (order) the book thru the Amazon? In 5 yrs time, I (finish) my studies 4

5 Table 1: Answers ACTIVE VOICE PAST PRESENT FUTURE SIMPLE I bought my first computer in I play basketball every Sunday. It s cloudy. I think it will rain. Did you go shopping yesterday? Do you do any sports? CONTINUOUS Form: be+ -ing Use: action in progress We were having an English class when we heard the noise. I am working! Don t disturb me now. I will be attending the Open Office seminar this time next week. PERFECT Form: have+ -ed/pp Use: action completed I had already left when you called for me. Had you washed your hands before cleaning the wound? Have you ordered the book thru the Amazon? In 5 yrs time, I will have finished my studies 5

6 Table 2 PASSIVE VOICE PAST PRESENT FUTURE Form: be+ -ed/pp Use: emphasis on the action, not the agent SIMPLE The data (process) yesterday. Market prices (determine) by supply and demand. Your tuition (pay) by tomorrow. CONTINUOUS Form: be+ -ing Use: action in progress The data (process) when there (be) a black out. The company (inspect) for quality assurance standards at the moment. PERFECT Form: have+ -ed/pp Use: action completed The data (check) before they (process). Your car (service). The class (finish) by the time we arrive at the uni. 6

7 Table 2: Answers PASSIVE VOICE PAST PRESENT FUTURE Form: be+ -ed/pp Use: emphasis on the action, not the agent SIMPLE The data were processed yesterday. Market prices are determined by supply and demand. Your tuition will be paid by tomorrow. CONTINUOUS Form: be+ -ing Use: action in progress The data were being processed when there was a black out. The company is being inspected for quality assurance standards at the moment. PERFECT Form: have+ -ed/pp Use: action completed The data had been checked before they were processed Your car has been serviced. The class will have been finished by the time we arrive at the uni. 7

8 Verb forms [1] By the end of the year, she with a degree in business. (already graduate) As soon as I home, it started to rain heavily. (get) We the chance to visit many museums in Paris last vacation. (have) I on this project for days without success. (work) I hard until I pass my TOEFL test. (study) Next month we our 5th wedding anniversary. (celebrate) He to class this morning because he was sick. (not come) He denied it on purpose. (do) a UFO? (see) Whenever I to my boss, I get butterflies in my stomach. (talk) They together for five years when they decided to get married. (be) While the reporter the policeman, the robber escaped. (interview) She extremely quiet since her husband died. (be) 8

9 Verb forms [2] She a headache for several hours. (have) I a movie when you called last night. (watch) Do you think it tomorrow? (rain) Where's Tom? He said he here at 4:30 PM. (be) If I so much coffee, I wouldn t be able to sleep. (drink) I recommend that Bob much more if he wants to pass all his classes. (study) I'm really looking forward to a vacation! (take) I'm hungry because I breakfast or lunch. (have) He can't send because he a modem for his computer. (not get) By the time I got to Lucy's house, she for work. (already leave) 9

10 Reported Speech 10

11 Reported Speech [1] We use reported speech when we are saying what other people say, think or believe. He says he wants it. We think you are right. Yesterday you said you didn't like it but now you do! When we are reporting things in the present, future or present perfect we don't change the tense. He thinks he loves her. I'll tell her you are coming. He has said he'll do it. 11

12 When we tell people what someone has said in the past, we generally make the tense 'more in the past'. 1. You look very nice. 2. He's working in Siberia now. 3. Polly has bought a new car. 4. Jo can't come for the weekend. 5. Paul called and left a message. 6. I'll give you a hand. 1. I told him he looked very nice. 2. She told me he was working in Siberia now. 3. She said Polly had bought a new car. 4. She said Jo couldn't come for the weekend. 5. He told me Paul had called and had left me a message. 6. He said he would give me a hand. 12

13 Indirect questions[1] "What time is it?" "Why hasn't he come? "When will you be arriving?" "What were you doing?" He asked me what time it was. She wondered why he hadn't come. He wanted to know when we would be arriving. They questioned him about what he had been doing. 13

14 When we report answers: we use intro verbs relevant to the mg of the answer "147 Oak Street." "I didn't have time to do it." "Look at this dress and bag." "Put the paper here and press this button." I told him what my address was. She explained why she hadn't done it. She showed me what she had bought. He demonstrated how the scanner worked. 14

15 Yes/no questions are reported with if or whether. Do you want a ride? Are you coming? Will you be here later? Mike asked me if I wanted a ride. They wanted to know if I was coming. She asked me whether I would be here later. 15

16 Reported Speech: if the introductory verb is in the PAST Present becomes Past This becomes That Past becomes Past Perfect Will becomes Would Here becomes There Now becomes Then 16

17 Indirect questions[2] Who built that enormous bridge? (I wonder...) What's Brazil like? (I want to find out...) Did Benjamin Franklin write 'Poor Richard's Almanac'? (I can't remember...) How do you do it? (Can you tell me...) Who did you meet at the party? (I'd like to know...) How long have you been waiting for me? (I wonder...) What happened to them? (Nobody cares...) How important is that meeting to the company? (Can you tell me...) When was the film produced? (Nobody remembers...) Have they flown an ultralight too? (I don't know...) What is it called in English? (I can't remember...) Should people be allowed to smoke in public places? (I'd like to know...) 17

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