:,**0 +* +. : E#ects of Organic Matter, Clay, and Water Content on Water Repellency of Sandy Soils. 2* kpa. ph Eh

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1 J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys. No. +*/, p..3 /2,**1.2 :,**0 +* +. : ph Eh + ph -, ph + - ph. ph IQ- +/* : ph, + : D Vw Vs pl, : D Vw Vs ael D Vw Vs pl D Vw Vs pl D Vw Vs ael 2* kpa : E#ects of Organic Matter, Clay, and Water Content on Water Repellency of Sandy Soils Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology D.A.L. LEELAMANIE, Jutaro KARUBE E#ects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic compounds, clays, and water content on soil water repellency under wetting and drying processes were examined. Stearic acid or glucomannan or both were used as organic compounds and kaolinite or Na-montmorillonite was used as a clay conditioner. Soil water repellency was estimated using water drop penetration time test. Repellency did not appear in samples without stearic acid. In wetting process, addition of + to, clay increased soil water repellency. In drying process, critical water content increased with kaolinite content. Soil water repellency disappeared with montmorillonite but not with kaolinite. Maximum repellency was observed not at oven dried but at air dried condition. The range of water content at which soils exhibit water repellency increased with kaolinite content and further increased with glucomannan addition. Soil water repellency was sensitive to water content at about air dried condition. Key words : soil water repellency, organic matter, clay, water content

2 50 +*/,**1, Key words : Air Permeability, Air Permeability Testing Device, Sandy Soil, Soil Pollution q ini *.,* q ini *.-* : : MFHPP TDR Suction-Controlled Flux Sampler SCFS q, EC, MFHPP : :

3 .2 51 : : Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Chile Pablo Undurrage DIŒAZ h +/ * cm h : : Partitioning Interwell Tracer Test PITT NAPL PITT, NAPL NAPL NAPL

4 52 +*/,**1 PITT : : -.0 /,* t ha.* t ha,* t ha +,* t ha.* t ha : NO --N d +/ N NO --N : GIS Measurements of Moisture Properties of Takamatsuzuka Tumulus Soil National Institute of Cultural Properties Tokyo Magdi KHALIL, Takeshi ISHIZAKI The University of Tokyo Masaru MIZOGUCHI There are many beautiful mural paintings inside the stone chamber of tumulus in Asian countries. In Japan, mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus were painted in eighth century. The special committee for the conservation of these paintings decided to keep these paintings in the tumulus in the similar condition before the excavation. Recently fungi were found on the wall surface and caused severe damages for paintings. In order to clarify the cause of the fungi and find suitable protective measures, it is necessary to know the moisture and temperature conditions and other necessary physical properties of the mound soil and stone chamber. For this purpose, soil samples were obtained from the mound by air boring method and moisture, thermal and mechanical properties were obtained. These measured physical properties were used to propose protective measures of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus. Key words : Takamatsuzuka Tumulus, mural paintings, soil physics properties

5 .2 53, +, :, Dept. of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University Per MOLDRUP The soil-gas di#usion coe$cient (D p) govern the transport and emission of greenhouse gases and volatile organic chemicals in the unsaturated zone. Accurate description of D p is needed to realistically simulate the transport of gaseous phase contaminants. In this study, we compare the performance of the recently developed Penman-Call linear model with the universally-used Millington-Quirk (+30+) andtheclas- sical Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell models for volcanic ash soils. The classical models failed to predict measured D p especially at high soil-air contents (dry soil conditions) whereas the Penman-Call model captured the observed linear behavior of D p for volcanic ash soils. Key words : soil-gas di#usion coe$cient, air permeability, organic matter, soil-water retention generalized Clausius-Claypeyron GCC GCC : Generalized Clausius-Claypeyron Comparison of the Penman-Call model with the Classical Models in Predicting Soil-Gas Di#usivity for Volcanic Ash Soils Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University Augustus C. RESURRECCION, Ken KAWAMOTO, Toshiko KOMATSU Water Repellency, WR WR WR WR : Augustus C. RESURRECCION 0 12 D p D * e X X Campbell b X

6 54 +*/,**1 +.2 /.0 b R, *.3+ D p D * e :, mm *.+/ mm *,*,* : -* cm - :,* m / m : : * -* cm, -* 0* cm, 0* 3* cm 2* * :

7 .2 55 Br + Br : Br, /* cm * mm d 31 mm 21 d * -2 cm ++ kg NO --N ha :,** cm H,O 0-./ cm,+.. mm /* cm H,O.0. mm +** cm +/ cm Br.- : PTFs,2 van Genuchten PTFs van Genuchten PTFs PTFs : PTFs van Genuchten +2* kg-n ha + /.* kg-n ha * kg-n ha + +*,* *.+ N - :

8 56 +*/,**1 0* cm,* 1* cm : Octave Octave Brooks and Corey van Genuchten Kosugi Durner UNSODA : GNU Octave : IT : MED +, :

9 .2 57 ECH,O-TE Decagon EC + TDR ECH,O-TE ECH,O ECH,O-TE ECH,O-TE ECH,O-TE :ECH,O-TE, EC : Biomass Decomposition and It s E#ect On Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University Moniruzzaman Khan EUSUFZAI Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Katsumi FUJII A Field experiment was carried out to investigate the e#ect of straw, sawdust and compost on threephase composition, water retention and hydraulic conductivity. The rate of decomposition was also measured by the fine mesh litterbag study. The experimental design was nine split blocks incorporated with Sawdust, Rice straw and Compost at *, +*,,* and -* of apparent soil volume. Mesh bags were randomly assigned to three plots and buried below / cm from the surface soil. Hanging water column and centrifuge method was used to measure the water retention curve. Hydraulic conductivity was determined by the disc permeameter (Perroux and White, +322) method. Among the all amendments -* incorporation reduced the solid phase as /.0*, /.+0 and..*2 for compost, sawdust and straw, respectively. Compost incorporated soil retained high soil moisture at any suction level than straw and sawdust amended soil. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K (h), increased for compost and straw but decreased for sawdust incorporated soil for the same potential used. Field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) increased by / times and - times for compost and straw amended soil. Key words : Biomass, decomposition, three-phase composition, hydraulic conductivity, water retention + m + m + m + m :

10 58 +*/,**1

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