J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys. No. +,, p./- 0+,0 :,/ + +/ : TDR. : TDR NaCl. TS l. TSMK l

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1 J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys. No. +*,, p./- 0+,**0.1 :,**/ +* +/ :, : TS TSMK l EC,12 --2K l EC TS l TSMK l EC TS TSMK TS l : TDR : TDR NaCl

2 54 +*,,**0 SS. SS /./ mm day SS, : L-Q SS VOC VOC VOC :. / +, / : Richards : 3 pf pf : :

3 * mm,* cm : : TDR * : TDR *.0/ m van Genuchten. : ph ph ph ph ph ph ph : ph, +,*,* mm, 2+* mm, EC ph NaCl + ha

4 56 +*,,**0,,/** kg NaCl *.,, EC : NH.-N NO --N NH.-N NO --N NH.-N NO --N NH.-N NO --N : Modelling of Irrigation Pattern and Soil Layers on Irrigation E$ciency by Using HYDRUS-,D Kumar PIYUSH, Takuma NOGUCHI, Taku NISHIMURA, Makoto KATO Lanzhou Institute of Desert Research (Institute of Cold and Arid Zones), China LIU Xinmin Numerical simulation using HYDRUS-,D was conducted to discuss water saving irrigation practice for corn-growing field in northwest China. Conventional irrigation is not suitable compared to the water saving irrigation as it is water saving. The actual layering of soil of field is simulated and is compared with that of single layer soil assumption, which is commonly used to plan irrigation practice. In case of single layer condition the water potential and root water uptake as well as irrigation e$ciency seemed to be lower than that of layered soil under water saving irrigation. : Numerical simulation, HYDRUS-,D. --,1 : + mgn L,,* mgn L +* mgn L : + m + m / m FEM -./ m

5 / m + m + m : +, : q y q-y q y * cm : ; SAO, ;PEG SAO + cm, PEG +./ cm SAO + +* +- cm sec, PEG + +* +, cm sec : WP.-T, : Measurements of Actual Thermal Properties of Takamatsuzuka Tumulus Soil National Institute of Cultural Properties Tokyo Magdi KHALIL, Takeshi ISHIZAKI Environmental and Biological Engineering, Universityof Tokyo Masaru MIZUGUCHI There are several important mural paintings in

6 58 +*,,**0 temples and in tumulus in Asian countries. Takamatsuzuka Tumulus was built with mural paintings in the stone chamber around the end of 1th century or at the beginning of 2th centaury. Because various fungi has recently appeared on the lime plaster wall on which precious paintings are drown together with intrusion of insects into the stone chamber, which seriously has damaged wall paintings, It is very urgent to restore and conserve them with the relevant measures. In order to propose protective measures against fungi, we performed a study of the thermal properties of the Takamatsuzuka soil. Sampling of Takamatsuzuka soils powder was carried out to know the thermal properties as well. Because of its high inside humidity and high water content of the lime plaster wall, we tried to install cooling system to control inside humidity. :Takamatsuzuka Tumulus, mural paintings, Thermal conductivity ECH,O ECH,O Decagon, cm, + cm q-mv q-mv + Decagon HYDRUS-,D Merits of Ultra Low Microirrigation were analyzed by HYDRUS-,D simulation model for water and solute transfer. Results were : +) Water and NO--N distributions by Ultra Low Microirrigation were well estimated by the program, which can make the irrigation planning easy.,) Ultra Low Microirrigation was supposed to be appropriate for soils with high water permeability and limited irrigation water, where utilization e$ciency of water and fertilizer can be higher and outflow of fertilizer can be smaller than usual drip irrigation. :Ultra Low Microirrigation, HYDRUS-,D, Water and solute transfer Hydrus,D Hydrus,D Hydrus,D :,D II Drosera rotundifolia

7 .1 59,**. + Drosera rotundifolia :,.- m,**. 0 cm, m, /* cm : : TDR TDR : TDR,.* m, / : Decomposition and Nitrogen Mineralization of Some Crop And Plant Biomass United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University Eusufzai Moniruzzaman KHAN Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University Takeki MAEDA, Atsumi FUJII It is essential to know the decomposition and nutri-

8 60 +*,,**0 ent release pattern of added biomass and their interaction with soil physical and chemical properties to obtain a proper management strategy for sustainable agriculture. Thus we are studying a field experiment to quantify the decomposition pattern of rice straw, sawdust and compost with minimum tillage in completely randomized blocks amended with plant residues and compost in andisol with three di#erent application rates. : Biomass, Decomposition, N-mineralization, aggregate stability, aggregate size distribution PCR-DGGE *.++ *.1/ PCR-DGGE Polymerase Chain Reaction- Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis nifh *.++ DGGE : PCR-DGGE NH - NH - NH - NH. -N : :

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