status of husbands 2011, Japanese Journal of Family Sociology, 23(1): 53 64

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1 2 / , 23(1): The E#ect of Wives Contributions to Family Income on Husbands Gender Role Attitudes: Interaction Based on the Socioeconomic Status of Husbands Naoko Shima Abstract Previous research has found that men s attitudes toward gender roles are strongly associated with their wives employment status. Men in dual-earner couples are likely to have more egalitarian views than men in male-breadwinner, single-earner couples. According to research in the United States, husbands in dual-earner couples, particularly husbands with lower socioeconomic status, tend to be resistant to the idea of gender equality for fear of losing power in the marital relationship. This paper examines the impact of wives contributions to family income on husbands gender role attitudes in Japan. The paper focuses on the di#ering e#ect of the socioeconomic status of husbands. Analysis based on data available from the National Family Research of Japan (2003, 2008) found that in dual-earner couples in which wives income constitutes half or more than half of the family earnings, husbands with lower rather than higher socioeconomic status tend to support the gendered division of labor. Key words: husbands gender role attitudes, wives contribution to family income, socioeconomic status of husbands 2011, Japanese Journal of Family Sociology, 23(1): Sophia Junior College, 999 Kamiodukisannodai, Hadano, Kanagawa , Japan nshima0921@mountain.ocn.ne.jp 53

2 I Zuo Tang (Zuo and Tang 2000) 2 (NFRJ 03) 3 (NFRJ08) (1) II. Cassidy and Warren 1996; Coltrane 1996; Ferber 1982; Masonand Lu 1988; 2005; Smith 1985; Wilkie 1993; 1998; Zuo 1997 Zuo Tang (Zuo and Tang 2000). (Mirowsky 1987) 54

3 (Hochschild ; Komarovsky 1962; Rosen 1987; Rubin 1976) (Hood 1983; Weiss 1987). Zuo (Zuo 1997; Zuo and Tang 2000). 1991; Powell and Steelman 1982; 2005; Ulbrich 1988; Wilkie 1993; Willinger 1993; Zuo ; Ferber 1982; Powell and Steelman 1982; Mason and Lu 1988; Wilkie 1993; Zuo

4 (Connell 1995; Hochschild ) (Willis ) III. 1. (2) (3) (NFRJ03) (NFRJ 08) NFRJ03/NFRJ08 NFRJ ,000 6, NFRJ ,400 5, (4) NFRJ 03 1,744 NFRJ 08 1, ,000 1,099 1,100 1,199 1, ,200 1,250 / 0 1,200 1, NFRJ03/08 NFRJ03 a.718, NFRJ08 a

5 NFRJ NFRJ NFRJ03/08 1 NFRJ08 n 1,414 NFRJ03/ (28.9 ) (42.4 ) (18.7 ) IV (9.9 ) NFRJ03 n 1,634/NFRJ08 n 1,410 NFRJ03/ NFRJ03 NFRJ (2.4 ) (21.7 ) (26.7 ) (32.9 ) (16.3 ) NFRJ03 n 1744 / NFRJ 08 n (8.3 ) 41.1 (43.5 ) (9.5 ) 5.4 (3.4 ) 11.6 (11.8 ) 32.2 (32.1 ) (41.8 ) (3.2 ) NFRJ03 n 1732/NFRJ08 n (31.8 ) (30.4 ) (19.2 ) (18.6 ) NFRJ03 n 1655/NFRJ08 n (20.6 ) 13.3 (12.4 ) 18.2 (15.2 ) 25.4 (23.7 ) 26.0 (22.6 ) NFRJ03 n 1,741/NFRJ08 n 1, (35.7 ) 36.9 (38.0 ) 14.2 (14.5 ) 11.3 (11.8 ) NFRJ03 n 1,732/NFRJ08 n 1, (13.4 ) 34.9 (35.0 ) 1.9 (3.2 ) (0.2 ) NFRJ03 n (39.3 ) /NFRJ08 n 1464 NFRJ03 NFRJ (28.9 ), (42.1 ) 11.1 (10.1 ) 9.1 (8.5 ) NFRJ03 n 1737/NFRJ08 n 1457 NFRJ03 NFRJ (29.4 ) (18.6 ) (14.0 ) (5.5 ) (3.6 ) NFRJ03 n 1,653 / 57

6 NFRJ03/08 NFRJ08 NFRJ03/08 NFRJ03/08 3 NFRJ08 p.10 4 NFRJ03 2 p.10 NFRJ03 (n 892,51.6 ) (n 840,48.4 ) (F 1.859, df 3, n.s.) (5) NFRJ03/08 NFRJ03 n 888, 51.8 /NFRJ08 n 756, 51.7 NFRJ 03 n NFRJ03 NFRJ08 NFRJ03 NFRJ08 NFRJ03 NFRJ08 NFRJ03 NFRJ ( ) R R n F p.001 p.001 p.001 p.001 p.001 p.001 p.001 p.001 ( p.10, p.05, p.01, p.001) 58

7

8 826,48.2 /NFRJ08 n 705, NFRJ03 F 3.321, df 3, p.05/nfrj08 F 2.576, df 3, p a 2b NFRJ NFRJ NFRJ NFRJ08 50 NFRJ03/ NFRJ03 n 497, 30.0 / NFRJ08 n 459, NFRJ 03 n 1158,70.0 / NFRJ 08 n 985, NFRJ03 F 6.359,df 3, p.001/ NFRJ08 F 6.723, df 3, p a 3b NFRJ NFRJ V. NFRJ08 (Zuo and Tang 2000)

9 Zuo Tang (Zuo and Tang 2000) 50 1 (Zuo and Tang 2000) Zuo Tang 61

10 50 (Hochschild ; Komarovsky 1962; Rosen 1987; Rubin 1976) 50 2 (NFRJ03) SSJ 3 (NFRJ08) 1 NFRJ (1) 1 (NFRJ98) 2 (NFRJ03)/ 3 (NFRJ08) 2 (NFRJ 03) 3 (NFRJ08) (2) 14 (NFRJ 03) / 18 (NFRJ 08) (3) II. 1 VIF Variance Inflation Factor VIF 2 62

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