: * : ; ; : 20 20 - (CD Production 20 Function) Guscina (2006) 1975 57% * :310027 :hammingzmh@zju.edu.cn; :310027 :cec yaoxg@zju.edu.cn ( :12CJY017) ( :70933001) ( :10ZD&003) ( :11&ZD013) ( :2011M500978) ( :70903044) ( :71173186) 20
2000 52% Boggioetal(2009) Checchi & García-Pe alosa 2000 (2008;2010) 1998 59.3% 2007 52.9% (Harrison2002;Gusci- na2006;jaumote & Tytel2007) ( 2009a; 2009; 2009b; 2010b) (2010a) (2010) : ( 2012) (Friedman1976; Ryan1996;Atkinson2009;Glyn2009) : 1 ; ; 2 Atkinson(2009) : Daudey & García-Pe alosa 2012 9 (2007) ; 21
2004 0.46 1 2 : 3 (Atkinson2000; 2007) 20 4 ( ) : 1978 ; 5 1 1978 ( ) 2004 0.70 ; 1978 0.23 2000 0.35 2 3 1978 2006 1978 1993 0.68 1994 1981 0.80 1997 0.66 6 ; 2006 0.67; 1979 1978 0.40 1994 0.32 2006 22
0.27 4 1978 1984 0.50 0.531986 1989 1980 0.75 2004 0.68 1984 0.29 1995 2012 9 1990 1993 1995 2003 0.51 0.32 3 4 0.46 2007 0.47 1980 1984 0.32 0.271985 1994 0.42 1996 0.39 : 1997 2004 0.47 ( 2007 0.46 ) -0.83 7 : 5 1978~2006 : 1952~1995 ; 1952~2004 ; 2005~2007 ; :Chen (2010) ( ) : ( ) 8 5 23
ωu ; s s-κ ωs κ : ωs π 1(s+l+u)=1 y θ (ωss+ωul)/y π=(1-θ)y/κ τ 10 槇槇 ωs =(1-τ)ωs ω u =(1- τ)ωu B = τθy/u 槇槇 ωs > ωu > B : : Gini= 1 N N 2y yi -yj n in j (1) i=1 j=1 yi i n i i N (Garvy1954;Ryan1996;Daudey & García- Pe alosa2007;bertoli & Farina2007;Atkin- son2009) 9 ( 2): (Atkinson1997) Gini=(1-κ)(1-θ)+ls ω 槇槇 s - ωu y +u (1-u) 槇 (Katz & Autor1999;Johnson & Staford ω -B (2) y 1999) 槇槇槇 ω =(ω ss+ ωul)/(s+l) :(1) ;(2) (slu) κ θ ;(3) (Giovannoi2010) 槇槇 (ω s - ωu) B Checchi& :(1) García-Pe alosa(2008;2010) ;(2) ;(3) ;(4) ;(5) : u B ; l 24
2012 9 κ : : ; 1 ( / ) ; / 1995 3.48 4.59 3.08 3.06 4.57 : 1996 3.48 4.63 3.09 3.06 5.13 1997 3.42 4.62 3.06 3.07 4.87 1998 3.47 4.51 3.05 3.07 5.35 1999 3.44 4.50 3.10 3.24 5.34 2000 3.46 4.49 3.10 3.24 5.76 2001 3.52 4.63 3.10 3.34 6.12 2002 3.54 4.66 3.03 2.98 5.74 2003 3.52 4.71 3.03 3.15 6.11 2004 3.52 4.79 2.99 3.17 6.69 2005 3.60 4.86 2.91 3.27 6.63 2006 3.62 4.84 2.90 3.34 6.69 2007 3.59 4.85 2.91 3.35 6.15 2008 3.63 4.89 N.A. 3.32 N.A. 3.52 4.69 3.03 3.19 5.78 :N.A. κ : (1-κ) OECD-LaborForceStatistics; (UHS) : 3 4 瑏瑡 ( ) 1 25
1995~2008 瑏瑢 - - 1995 2007 5.78 瑏瑣 1995 2007 35% 瑏瑤 1995 0.06 2000 :(1) 0.18 2007 0.10 :(1) - ;(2) 2 - ( ) / 1995 0.178 0.119 0.374 0.263 0.059 1996 0.180 0.129 0.370 0.260 0.070 1997 0.183 0.139 0.365 0.257 0.091 1998 ;(2) 3 / - 1998 0.175 0.137 0.367 0.262 0.173 1999 0.166 0.136 0.369 0.267 0.141 2000 0.166 0.135 0.402 0.280 0.183 2001 0.166 0.135 0.435 0.294 0.164 2002 0.165 0.137 0.415 0.292 0.144 2003 0.163 0.139 0.394 0.290 0.129 : ; : ; ; ; 2004 0.160 0.137 0.392 0.266 0.115 2005 0.156 0.135 0.390 0.242 0.107 2006 0.154 0.135 0.390 0.239 0.101 2007 0.152 0.136 0.390 0.237 0.097 0.166 0.134 0.389 0.265 0.121 : Benefits & Wa- 3 : - ; ges:oecdindicators; 2010 ; OECD - ( ) ( ) 2-26
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