ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Πειραιά Τεχνολογικού Τομέα Αγγλική Τουριστική Ορολογία Ενότητα 3: The tourism destination Κουτσογιάννη Ευαγγελία Τμήμα Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων
Άδειες Χρήσης Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό υπόκειται σε άδειες χρήσης Creative Commons. Για εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, όπως εικόνες, που υπόκειται σε άλλου τύπου άδειας χρήσης, η άδεια χρήσης αναφέρεται ρητώς. 2
Χρηματοδότηση Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό έχει αναπτυχθεί στα πλαίσια του εκπαιδευτικού έργου του διδάσκοντα. Το έργο «Ανοικτά Ακαδημαϊκά Μαθήματα στο Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Πειραιά Τεχνολογικού Τομέα» έχει χρηματοδοτήσει μόνο τη αναδιαμόρφωση του εκπαιδευτικού υλικού. Το έργο υλοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Εκπαίδευση και Δια Βίου Μάθηση» και συγχρηματοδοτείται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινωνικό Ταμείο) και από εθνικούς πόρους. 3
Σκοποί Ενότητας In this section you will learn Specific aspects of a tourist destination; The model of a tourist area cycle of evolution, as developed by Butler; Vocabulary related to visitor attractions. 4
Περιεχόμενα Ενότητας The tourism destination Constituents of a successful destination Attractions Accessibility Amenities A tourist area cycle of evolution Exercise 1 5
The tourism destination 1 6
Constituents of a successful destination A major component of tourism is location. The location of tourism is known as the tourist destination and its importance depends upon three major factors: attractions accessibility and amenities 7
Attractions Attractions provide the most important reason for leisure tourism to a destination. Basic distinctions are between site attractions (climatic, scenic, historical) and event attractions (festivals, sporting events, trade fairs). As it regards the former, the place itself is the major inducement for a visit; as it regards the latter, the event staged is the larger factor in the tourist s choice rather than the site. Another distinction is between natural and artificial man-made attractions, as between beaches and heritage towns. 8
Accessibility Accessibility is related to the ease of approach of a location from other locations. In tourism, accessibility refers to the distance from centres of population, or to tourist generating regions, and to transport facilities. Time taken to get to tourist destinations is also important in relation to accessibility. 9
Amenities Amenities at the location include entertainment, accomodation and catering facilities, as well as local transport services. At the destination there are national and regional tourist boards and tourist information centres whose main role is to provide information 10
A tourist area cycle of evolution (1) Butler developed a model which shows how any tourist resort may grow. The stages through which it is suggested that tourist areas pass are the following: Exploration - a small number of tourists visit the area. The area is unspoilt and few tourist facilities exist. Involvement some level of organization in tourist travel arrangements is expected and the first pressures put upon governments and public agencies to provide or improve transport and other facilities for visitors. 11
A tourist area cycle of evolution (2) Development - the host country starts to develop and advertise the area. The area becomes recognised as a tourist destination. Consolidation - the area continues to attract tourists. The growth in tourist numbers may not be as fast as before. Some tensions develop between the host community and the tourists. Stagnation - the facilities for the tourists may decline as they become old and run down. The numbers of tourists may decline too. 12
A tourist area cycle of evolution (3) Rejuvenation - investment and modernisation may occur which leads to improvements and visitor numbers may increase again. Decline - if the resort is not rejuvenated then it will go into decline. People lose their jobs related to tourism. The image of the area suffers. Source: Butler, R. W. (1980) The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources. The Canadian Geographer, 24(1), 5-12. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcse bitesize/geography/tourism/touris m_uk_rev1.shtml 13
Exercise 1 (1) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Along with the transport and accommodation sector, attractions form one of the central components of tourism, providing a vital element in the visitor s enjoyment and. a. experience b. expertise c. empiricism 14
Exercise 1 (2) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Attractions are elements of the tourist product which attract visitors and the choice to visit one place rather than another. a. defer b. decide c. determine 15
Exercise 1 (3) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. In many successful urban regeneration schemes where tourism has been a key component, visitor attractions and the creation of a visitor environment around these attractions has the success of the regeneration scheme. a. contributed to b. confronted with c. supported 16
Exercise 1 (4) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. There are many examples where attractions have played a catalytic role in the regeneration of a destination. The success of the Guggenheim in Bilbao, Spain, is an example of how such attractions can be used to pull visitors and develop tourist activities within a destination. a. signpost b. flagship c. image 17
Exercise 1 (5) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. As with natural resources, a great many man-made attractions, because of their historical, are not commercially owned; they are publicly owned and receive all or a substantial part of their funds from general taxes. a. heritage b. inheritance c. legacy 18
Exercise 1 (6) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Certain attractions are so alluring that they provide the sole motivation for a visit. However, for most attractions to survive and flourish, other elements of the tourism product must also be on offer at the destination, such as accommodation and transportation. a. structure b. infrastructure c. foundation 19
Exercise 1 (7) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. All attractions, in some part, measure their performance by the number of visitors, the quality of experience they provide to visitors, and the memories that the visitors take home to repeat visit or the spread of word-of-mouth recommendation. a. ensure b. insure c. assure 20
Exercise 1 (8) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Within marketing, there is a widely accepted notion that products will evolve through time and follow a specific product life cycle that was adapted from marketing and tourism, as the resort life cycle proposed by Butler in 1980. a. fitted to b. resort to c. applied to 21
Exercise 1 (9) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Visits to free attractions attract a greater volume of visitors than paid attractions. For example, the Victoria and Albert Museum experienced a 157 per cent increase in visitors after free was introduced. a. admission b. entrance c. ticket 22
Exercise 1 (10) Vocabulary Click on the appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. One of the major problems in identifying attractions is that they are patronized by tourists, but in terms of the volume of visits, they are dominated by leisure and day trippers as well as local residents. the market for attractions is large and forms a vital part of the infrastructure of the destination area. a. with reference to b. in this respect c. in relation 23
Τέλος Ενότητας