. 1,. 1,,. 2 1 ( ), ( ),, 95 &., 38333, 2.,,.,, 38446.,, bartzanas@ireteth.certh.gr cradle-to-farm-gate (LCI).,,,. LCI. :, cradle-to-farm-gate LC, LC,, LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY ANALYSIS FOR THE MILK PRODUCED IN A GREEK COMMERCIAL DAIRY CATTLE PRODUCING FARM V. Anestis 1, T. Bartzanas 1,, C. Kittas 2 1 Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly (IRETETH), Department of Agrotechnology, Dimitriados 95 and P. Mela Str., 38333, Volos 2 University of Thessaly, School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, Fytokou Str., 38446 N. Ionia, Magnesia, bartzanas@ireteth.certh.gr Abstract The objective of this study is to present a cradle-to-farm-gate Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) for the milk production in a Greek commercial dairy cattle producing farm. The results revealed that the enteric fermentation of cattle, the excretion and storage of manure and slurry application in ryegrass production were the most important contributing processes at the farm level to the total methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions in this partial lifecycle of cow-milk. Further country-specific research is required in order to improve of the quality of the LCI results for the specific product. Key words: Environmental impact assessment, cradle-to-farm-gate LC, LC, Dairy cattle production, Greece Καινοτομία και Νέες Τεχνολογίες στη Γεωργική Μηχανική και τη Διαχείριση Φυσικών Πόρων Θεσσαλονίκη 8-9 Οκτωβρίου 2015 507
1.. ISO (LCA) (.. (Finkbeiner et al., 2006)) (van der Werf and Petit, 2002),., LCA,. Cederberg and Mattsson (2000), Basset-Mens and van der Werf (2005), Thomassen et al. (2008b) O'Brien et al. (2012). LCA. LCA (Gerber et al., 2013)., LCA., cradle-to-farm-gate (LCI). LCI LCA. 2. 2.1. LCI, ( ) (, ). cradleto-farm-gate, (.. de Boer (2003)). : (foreground system) (background system).,,, ( ).,,. (.. Cederberg and Mattsson (2000), Thomassen et al. (2008b).), ( ),. 1. (co-products),. (reference flow) 508
(functional unit). (IDF, 2010), 1 kg (FPCM). (attributional modelling) LCI, (.. Thomassen et al. (2008a)). (multifunctionality) :,., (economic allocation) (physical causality) (IDF, 2010).. : ) (2009-2013) (57.4% ), ) (2009-2013) (5.7% ) ) (allocation factors) 88.3% 11.7%,. 1.. 2.2. (LCI),.., 2013 (1 Αγροτικές κατασκευές 509
- 31 )., 1. (slurry),, 5.,.. 1. 2013 3.5 ha 925 / 105 #, 25 /ha, 10 /ha 62.5 / 76.9 / 176.7 / 1390.8 / 149.8 / 100.9 / 18.7 / 123537 kwh/ 910 / 25 # 45 #,, LCI SimaPro, v. 8.0.4.26 PhD (PRé-Consultants, 2014). - Ecoinvent 3 (Ecoinvent, 2015) Agri-footprint (Blonk- Consultants, 2015). (,, ),.,,. Ecoinvent., Vellinga et al. (2013).. (1): = (activity data) (Emission factor) (1) 510
(EF s) /,, 2. 2. / CH 4 Y 18.45 m kg CH 4 /( * ) IPCC (2006a) DMI 365 100 55.65 (, MCF kg CH 4 /( * ) IPCC (2006a) VS 365 B 0 0.67 ) MS 100 N 2 O 0.01 kg N 2 O-N/kg N. EMEP/EEA (2013) 0.01 kg N 2 O-N/kg N. IPCC (2006b) N 2 O, 0.01 (Frac Gas = 22.5%) kg N 2 O-N/kg N. IPCC (2006a) 0.01 (Frac Gas = 29.3%) kg N 2 O-N/kg N. IPCC (2006b) 0.0075 (Frac Leach-(H) = 30%) kg N 2 O-N/kg N. &. NH 3 0.2 kg NH 3 -N/kg TAN * EMEP/EEA (2013) 0.2 kg NH 3 -N/kg TAN *. EMEP/EEA (2013) 0.55 kg NH 3 -N/kg TAN *. EMEP/EEA (2013) - NO 3 / ( ) 0.3 kg NO - 3 -N/kg N. IPCC (2006b) P 2 O 5 Pgw Pgwl F kg P gw 2 O 5 -P/(ha* ) Nemecek and ( ) Kägi (2007) P P F kg P 2 O 5 -P/(ha* ) Nemecek and P ( ) ( ) ro rol ro * TAN: (Total Ammoniacal Nitrogen) Kägi (2007) Per 1000 Ser Pcs Fr F kg P/(ha* ) Nemecek and erw Kägi (2007) 3. SimaPro v. 8.0.4.26 PhD (PRé-Consultants, 2014). 3 1 kg FPCM,... Cederberg and Flysjö (2004) Thomassen et al. (2008b),,, -.. LCA : LCI LCA. Αγροτικές κατασκευές 511
3. kg FPCM / (% ) ( kg FPCM) 0.69 m 3 (1.1%) (68%) 1.27 m 2 ( ) * (24.7%) (3.7%) (40%) ( ) * (48.7%) 6.7 MJ ( ) (13.2%) (31.9%) (14.7%) CO 2 ( ) 839.6 g ( ) (7.3%) (57.8%) (16%) CH 4 ( ) 35.4 g - (56.2%) - (, ) (39%) N 2 O ( ) 0.91 g - - (18.8%) - - (8.1%) - - (3.7%) - - (1.3%) ( ) * (49.7%) NH 3 ( ) 10 g - (30.4%) - (26.1%) - (3.1%) ( ) * (23.7%) PM ** ( ) 0.76 g (PM10 ) (16.9%) (PM2.5 ) (11%) (PM10 ) (2.3%) (PM2.5 ) (0.1%) (PM10 ) (4.5%) (PM2.5 ) (4.5%) (24.5%) (16%) NO - 3 ( ) 35.1 g - (3.3%) ( ) * (65.9%) (15.5%) P ( ) 0.62 g - (25.1%) (53.8%) * :,,, ** PM: PM10 PM2.5 *** HM: Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr Hg (.. Huijbregts (1998)). ( ) ( )., 512
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