Lead Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Date-Palm Leaf Ash in Batch System

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1 (/ / ). ph. ph. /. /. < < n. / b.. /. /. : Lad Rmoval from Aquous Solution Using Dat-Palm Laf Ash in Batch Systm A.M. Sanati 1 N. Bahramifar 2 Z. Mhraban 3 H. Younsi 4 (Rcivd Jan. 21, 2013 Accptd Fb. 11, 2013) Abstract This study invstigats th potntial us of dat-palm laf (Phonix dactylifra) ash as an inxpnsiv adsorbnt for th rmoval of Pb(II) ions. For this purpos, th variabls ph, Pb(II) ion concntration, adsorbnt dosag, and tmpratur in th batch systm wr invstigatd. Th rsults obtaind showd that th optimum ph for th rmoval of Pb (II) ions from aquous solutions was qual to 5. Adsorption fficincis obtaind wr 99.46, 91.47, 80.49, 69.62, 57.34, and 51.29%, rspctivly, for Pb(II) concntrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/l using 0.5 g/l of th adsorbnt with a rtntion tim of 60 minuts at 20 C. Incrasing th adsorbnt dosag from 0.1 to 2 g/l ld to incrasd adsorption rat. Also, thrmodynamic invstigations showd that th adsorption procss was dpndnt on tmpratur such that th ordr of dcrasing rmoval fficincy followd th tmpratur ordr 40 C > 30 C > 20 C. Basd on th Langmuir modl, th valu for th constant b was and maximum Pb rmoval was 31.5%. It was concludd that dat-palm laf ash has a good potntial for us as an adsorbnt to rmov toxic havy mtals lik lad from aquous solutions. Kywords: Physical Adsorption, Pb(II) Ions, Dat-Palm (Phonix dactylifra), Batch Systm. 1. Assist. Prof. of Environmntal Halth Eng., Prsian Gulf Rsarch Cntr, - Prsian Gulf Univrsity, Boushhr - - () ( ) 2. Assist. Prof. of Environmntal Halth Eng., Faculty of Natural Rsourcs and Marin Scincs, Tarbiat Modars Univrsity, Noor (Corrsponding Author) ( ) n.bahramifar@modars.ac.ir 3. Assist. Prof. of Nw Tchnologis, Education Rsarch Cntr, Thran 4. Assoc. Prof. of Environmtal Halth Eng., Faculty of Natural Rsourcs and Marin Scincs, Tarbiat Modarss Univrsity, Noor n.bahramifar@modars.ac.ir

2 ... / /... ph XRF Phonix Dactylifra 2 Mrck..[]...[]..[]..[].[].[].. :.[-]. 52

3 q C C i V S. [] ( C i C ) 100 R = C i ().( ). [] q q mbc = 1+ bc () q C q m b. [] q = K f C 1 n () q n K f. γ q = m K s C q γ 1 + K s C () γ K f. C. ph. --. ph... ( ). -- ph ph.. / ( ). ( / / /) /.. [] q = ( C ) i C V S () 53

4 .. / LOI. SiO 2 SO 3 Al 2 O 3 K 2 O CaO. / MgO... SEM.. ( ) PU XRF 1 Nbrthrm B170 2 XRF 3 Phillips, Axios 4 SEM, Phillips XL30, Holland R 2 n - K s (l/mg) q m (mg/g) / / / R 2 n / / / K f R 2 b (l/mg) q m (mg/g) / / / ( ) - SO 3 Cl LOI TiO 2 P 2 O 5 K 2 O Na 2 O CaO MgO F 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 :L.O.I 54

5 .[] [] [ ]. SEM - Pb(II) ph - Pb(II) - ph --. ph -- ph. ph /. ph ph q. ph ph ph.[] / ph. (Pb(OH) 2 ).[] ph --.[] ph. /.. 55

6 Q (mg/g) Q (mg/g) Q (mg/g) o C 30 o C 40 o C Langmuir modl C (mg/l) 20 o C 30 o C 40 o C Frundlich modl () C (mg/l) 20 o C 30 o C 40 o C Sips modl C (mg/l) () () (C ) - ph / g/l n.. /. /.( )...[] []. (mg/l) / ph Pb(II) ( )...[ ] / b 56

7 ... ( ) o C 30 o C 40 o C C i (mg/l) (R) - - SEM. XRF. ph. ph Wang, X.S., Lu, Z.P., Miao, H.H., H, W., and Shn, H.L. (2010). Kintics of Pb (II) adsorption on black carbon drivd from what rsidu. J. of Chmical Enginring, 166 (3), Machida, M., Kikuchi, Y., Aikawa, M., and Tatsumoto, H. (2004). Kintics of adsorption and dsorption of Pb(II) in aquous solution on activatd carbon by two-sit adsorption modl. Colloids and Surfacs A: Physicochmical and Enginring Aspcts, 240, Li, X-M., Zhng, W., Wang, D.B., Yang, Q., Cao, J.B., and Yu, X. (2010). Rmoval of Pb(II) from aquous solutions by adsorption onto modifid arca wast: Kintic and thrmodynamic studis. Dsalination, 258, Ghorbani, F., Younsi, H., Ghasmpouri, S.M., Zinatizadh, A.A., Amini, M., and Danshi, A. (2008). Application of rspons surfac mthodology for optimization of cadmium biosorption in an aquous solution by Saccharomycs crvisia. J. of Chmical Enginring, 145, Amini, M., Younsi, H., and Bahramifar, N. (2009). Statistical modling and optimization of th cadmium biosorption procss in an aquous solution using Asprgillus nigr. Colloids and Surfacs A: Physicochmical and Enginring Aspcts, 337, Marsh, H., and Rodríguz-Rinoso, F. (2006). Activatd carbon, Elsvir Ltd., UK. 7. Chung, J.S., and Kim, D.J., Ahn, W.S., Ko, J.H., and Chong, W.J. (2004). Synthsis, charactrization, and applications of organic-inorganic hybrid msoporous silica. Koran J. Chm Eng, 21,

8 8. Zulkali, M.M.D, Ahmad, A.L, Norulakmal, N.H., and Oryza Sativa, L. (2009). Husk as havy mtal adsorbnt: Optimization with lad as modl solution. Biorsourc Tchnology, 97, Singh, K.K., Talat, M., and Hasan, S.H. (2006). Rmoval of lad from aquous solutions by agricultural wast maiz bran. Biorsourc Tchnology, 97, Li, W., Zhang, L., Png, J., Li, N., Zhang, S., and Guo, S. (2008). Tobacco stms as a low cost adsorbnt for th rmoval of Pb(II) from wastwatr: Equilibrium and kintic studis. Industrial Crops and Products, 28, Quk, S. Y., Was, D. A. J., and Forstr, C. F. (1998). Th us of sago wast for th sorption of lad and coppr. Prtoria, AFRIQUE DU SUD: Watr Rsarch Commision, 24 (3), Bulut, Y., and Baysal, Z. (2006). Rmoval of Pb(II) from wastwatr using what bran. J. of Environmntal Managmnt, 78, Xuan, Z., Tang, Y., Li, X., Liu, Y., and Luo, F. (2006). Study on th quilibrium, kintics and isothrm of biosorption of lad ions onto prtratd chmically modifid orang pl. Biochmical Enginring, 31, Amarasingh, B.M.W.P.K., and Williams, R.A. (2007). Ta wast as a low cost adsorbnt for th rmoval of Cu and Pb from wastwatr. Chmical Enginring 132, Liu, S. Y., Gao, J., Yang, Y.J., Yang, Y. C., and Y, Z. X. (2010). Adsorption intrinsic kintics and isothrms of lad ions on stl slag. J. of Hazardous Matrials, 173, Vasconclos, H.L., Camargo, T.P., Gonçalvs, N.S., Nvs, A., Laranjira, M.C.M., and Fávr V.T. (2008). Chitosan crosslinkd with a mtal complxing agnt: Synthsis, charactrization and coppr(ii) ions adsorption. Ractiv and Functional Polymrs, 68, Grçl, Ö., and Grçl, H.F. (2007). Adsorption of lad(ii) ions from aquous solutions by activatd carbon prpard from biomass plant matrial of Euphorbia rigida. Chmical Enginring, 132, Bas, C.F., and Msmr, R.E. (1976). Th hydrolysis of cations, Wily, Nw York. 19. Huang, L.Z., Zng, G.M., Huang, D.L., Li, L. F., Huang, P.M., and Xia, C.B. (2009). Adsorption of lad(ii) from aquous solution onto Hydrilla vrticillata. Biodgradation, 20, Sadi, M., Jamshidi, A., Abssi, O., and Bayat, J. (2009). Rmoval of dissolvd cadmium by adsorption onto walnut and almond shll charcoal: Comparison with Granular Activatd Carbon (GAC). J. of Watr and Wastwatr, 70, (In Prsian) 21. Zavvar Mousavi, S. H., and Arjmandi, A. (2009). Rmoval of havy mtals from industrial wastwatr by shp gut. J. of Watr and Wastwatr, 73, (In Prsian) 22. Shamohammadi Hidari, Z. (2010). Lad rmoval from aquous solutions using low-cost adsorbnts. J. Watr and Wastwatr, 79, (In Prsian) 23. Kul, A.R., and Koyuncu, H. (2010). Adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aquous solution by nativ and activatd bntonit: Kintic, quilibrium and thrmodynamic study. J. of Hazardous Matrials, 179, Chakravarty, S., Mohanty, A., Sudha, T.N., Upadhyay, A.K., Konar, J., and Sircar, J.K. (2010). Rmoval of Pb(II) ions from aquous solution by adsorption using bal lavs (Agl marmlos). J. of Hazardous Matrials, 173,

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