ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA , ; , ;4. ( Gracilaria lemaneiformis) :Q143,Q178. 1,Q948. 8,Q958

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1 ACTA ECOLOGICA SINICA Vol. 26,No. 10 Oct.,2006 ( Gracilaria lemaneiformis) 1, 2 1,, 3 1, 3, 1 1 4, (1., ;2., ; 3., ;4., ) : ( Gracilaria lemaneiformis),,,15 25, 20 (SGR), 218 %Πd ;, molπ(m 2 s), ( P max ) 510 mg O 2 Π(g dw h), NH 4 2N PO 4 2P 8317 % 7014 %, 919 molπ(g ww h) 413 molπ (g ww h), : ; ; ; ; ; ; : (2006) :Q143,Q178. 1,Q948. 8,Q958 :A Studies on growth and photosynthesis characteristics of Gracilaria lema neiformis and its capacity to uptake ammonium and phosphorus from scallop excretion MAO Yu2Ze 1,2, YANG Hong2Sheng 1, 3, ZHOU Yi 1, HU Zong2Fu 3, YUAN Xiu2Tang 1, YOU Kui 1, WANG Ru2Cai 4 (11 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao , China ;21 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Qingdao , China ;31 Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao , China ;41 Ocean University of China, Qingdao , China). Acta Ecologica Sinica,2006,26( 10) : Abstract : Growth and photosynthesis characteristics of high temperature tolerant macroalga, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, were studied at different temperature and light irradiance. Nutrient uptake rate and nutrient reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus from scallop excretion were determined. Temperature significantly affected the growth and photosynthesis of this species. The algae could grow well when the temperature ranged 15 and 25, and reached the fastest growth rate ( SGR) of 218 % per day at 20. The photosynthetic rate increased with the increasing temperature and light irradiance, reaching the maximum with 510 mg O 2 Π(g dw h) at 30 and 120 molπ(m 2 s). G. lemaneiformis can absorb efficiently the ammonium and phosphorus from scallop : ( G ) ; (Q2002D03) ; ( ) ; (2004BA526B0401) ; ; : ; : : (1970 ),,,,. E2mail net 3 Corresponding author. qdio. ac. cn : ; Muki Shpigel,! Foundation item :The project was supported by National Key Foundational Research Project (No. G ), Shandong Natural Science Foundation (No. Q2002D03),National Natural Science Foundation of China (No ), National Key Project (2004BA526B0401), and financial support from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Received date : ; Accepted date : Biography :MAO Y 2Ze, Ph. D., mainly engaged in ecology and physiology of fish and shellfish. E2mail : net

2 excretion. The nutrient uptake rate and nutrient reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus changed with cultivation density and period. The maximum reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus were 8317 and 7014 percent, respectively. The maximum uptake rate of ammonium and phosphorus were 919 molπ(g ww h) and 413 molπ(g ww h). Results indicated that this seaweed can be cultivated in north China and is a suitable candidate for integrated mariculture of seaweed and bivalve. The integration can benefit economy and environment in a sustainable manner in warm seasons in coastal waters of north China. Key words : Gracilaria lemaneiformis ; growth ; photosynthesis ; ammonium; phosphorus ; nutrient uptake rate ; nutrient reduction efficiency ; scallop ( ),, [1 4 ],,,,, [5,6 ] Gracilaria lemaneiformis,,, [7 ], [5 ],, ,,,, (20 1), 80 molπ(m 2 s), 32, 13L 11D, cm, ( 10min) ( ) g 500ml, 400ml fπ2 (, 20 mol NH 4 NO 3,215 mol KH 2 PO 4,015 mol NaHCO 3 ) ,, 3, GXZ2300C, 14d, 3d 1, 3 ( 7d) ( 14d), SGR = [ ( W t ΠW 0 ) 1Πt - 1 ] 100 (SGR),, W t, W 0, t ,40,60,80,100 molπ(m 2 s) 120 molπ(m 2 s) 6, 3, 14d, Li2250 Π Π 3,,

3 10 : ( Gracilaria lemaneiformis) , molπ(m 2 s) 120 molπ(m 2 s), 3 (,3 ) 500 ml ( ) g, 1ml NaHCO 3, 3 h, (DO), DO : = (O 2 - O 2 ) V 0 ΠW 0 Πt,, P O2 [mgπ(gdw h) ],O 2 O 2 (mgπl),o 2 O 2 (mgπl),v 0 (l), W 0 (g), t (h) (3 ), h, , 15 3m 3 ( 118m, 218m 3 ) ( Chlamys farreri), ;,, 1, 1, 1 5, 3 ( ( ) mm, n = 200) 50, ( ) g( n = 15),, 5, 3 ( 1) 4,24h ;, ; 5 g, 3, 1 NH 4 2N PO 4 2P, 20 13, ( ) ph , ,, molπ(m 2 s) Group Control 1 (,gπm 3 ) Table 1 Polyculture density of C. farreri and G. lemaneiformis in different treatment (ww, gπm 3 ) 1 Treatment 1 2 Treatment 2 3 Treatment 3 4 Treatment 4 P O2 A B C Mean Ratio SGR, NUR = ( C t - M t ) VΠWWΠt (Nutrient uptake rate,nur), NRE( %) = ( C t - M t )ΠC t 100 (Nutrient reduction efficiency,nre), W 0 W t (ww,g) ; C t M t ( molπl) ; t (d) NH 4 2N PO 4 2P ( F ), 1. 6 SPSS (ANOVA), S2N2K, p <

4 (14d),SGR,20, 2179 %Πd,10 30, 1104 %Πd 1114 %Πd (ANOVA), SGR ( F = , p < 01001) S2N2 K,6,10 30, 4,, 1 2, 1,SGR 17, 2195 %Πd, 2 25, 3196 %Πd, lemaneiformis,, 30, SGR,, , 7d 14d, SGR 7d SGR 14d, %Πd 10d,,, 1 Fig. 1 The effect of temperature on the special growth rate of 2,, Fig. 2 The effect of light irradiance on the Special Growth Rate of G1 lemaneiformis ANOVA, 7d 14d ( F ), 100 molπ(m 2 s) 3164 %Πd 1184 %Πd molπ(m 2 s), 510mg O 2 Π(gdw h) ; molπ(m 2 s), 113 mg O 2 Π(gdw h),,, ( F , p < 01001), ( F = 21085, p = > 0105) NH 4 2N PO 4 2P 2, 3,, ( 3 Fig. 3 The effect of temperature and light on photosynthetic rate of ) NH 4 2N ; 1 G1 lemaneiformis,,, 1,2,3 40,80 molπ(m 2 s) 120 molπ(m 2 s) 1 : 40 molπ(m 2 s) ; 2 : 80 molπ(m 2 s) ; 3 : 120 molπ(m 2 s) G1

5 10 : ( Gracilaria lemaneiformis) molπl, (Ammonia Reduction Efficiency), %,7619 %,8117 % 8317 % %,5511 %,52 %, 4616 % ANOVA 3, NH 4 2N ( F = , p < 01001),S2N2K 3, 2 3 4, 1 (, ) Item NH 4 2N ( molπl) 2 ( Mean SD) Table 2 The variance of NH 4 2N and PO 4 2P concentration in different treatments ( ) Time (week) Control 1 Treatment 1 2 Treatment 2 3 Treatment 3 4 Treatment Ammonium concentration PO 4 2P ( molπl) Phosphorus concentration PO 4 2P NH 4 2N, PO 4 2P, 1,4,2 3, PO 4 2P %,4218 %,4317 % 4912 % %,6515 %,7014 % 5814 %, ANOVA PO 4 2P ( F = , p < 01001) ,, NH 4 2N NH 4 2N, 919,916,612 molπ(g ww d) 514 molπ(g ww d), (NH 4 2N),, PO 4 2P,, PO 4 2P, , Fig. 4 The uptake rates of ammonium from scallop of G1 lemaneiformis,,, [7 ] (PO 4 2P) Fig. 5 The uptake rates of phosphorus from scallop of G1 lemaneiformis, ( SGR) 319 %Πd, [5 ] 90, (419 %Πd)

6 , ( [8 ] ),, 1 SGR 17, 219 %Πd, 2 SGR 25, 410 %Πd, (116d, SGR 319 %Πd), SGR,,, molπ(m 2 s), 510 mgo 2 Π(gdw h) ( P max 1414 mgo 2 Π(gdw h), 713 mgo 2 Π(gdw h) ),, G. tenuistipitata [9 ] G. verrucosa, G. verrucosa 210mgO 2 Π(gdw h) [10 ], ( 26, [11 ] ), ( ), [12 ],, 312,,, [13 17 ],, NH 4 2N 4616 % 8317 %, [15 ] NH 4 2N molπ(g ww d), NH 4 2N ( molπ(g ww d) ) [16 ], NH 4 2N, (Nutrient uptake rate) (Nutrient reduction efficiency), ( ) [18 ],,, [19,, ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

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