And, behold, there was a man named Zacchaeus, which was the chief among the publicans, and he was rich. DRA

Transcript

1 Luke Translation Notes (mgvh) 1 Καὶ εἰσελθὼν διήρχετο τὴν Ἰεριχώ. He entered Jericho and was passing through. And Jesus entered and passed through Jericho. And entering in, he walked through Jericho. He entered Jericho and was passing through it. Jesus entered Jericho and was passing through it. Jesus entered Jericho and was passing through. Jesus entered Jericho and made his way through the town. Then Jesus entered and walked through Jericho. Note connection with where Jesus is approaching Jericho. Note the tense of διήρχετο: 2 Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἀνὴρ ὀνόματι καλούμενος Ζακχαῖος, καὶ αὐτὸς ἦν ἀρχιτελώνης καὶ αὐτὸς πλούσιος And there was a man called by the name of Zaccheus; he was a chief tax collector and he was rich. And, behold, there was a man named Zacchaeus, which was the chief among the publicans, and he was rich. And behold, there was a man named Zacheus, who was the chief of the publicans, and he was rich. A man was there named Zacchaeus; he was a chief tax collector and was rich. Now a man named Zacchaeus was there; he was a chief tax collector and was rich. A man was there by the name of Zacchaeus; he was a chief tax collector and was wealthy. There was a man there named Zacchaeus. He was the chief tax collector in the region, and he had become very rich. There was a man there, his name Zacchaeus, the head tax man and quite rich. Zacchaeus is the only ἀρχιτελώνης in the Bible. What other tax collectors are there in Luke? How are they characterized? Who else is πλούσιος in Luke? How are they characterized?

2 3 καὶ ἐζήτει ἰδεῖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν τίς ἐστιν καὶ οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄχλου, ὅτι τῇ ἡλικίᾳ μικρὸς ἦν. Zaccheus was trying to see who Jesus was, and was unable because of the crowd, for he was small in stature. And he sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature. And he sought to see Jesus who he was, and he could not for the crowd, because he was low of stature. He was trying to see who Jesus was, but on account of the crowd he could not, because he was short in stature. He was trying to get a look at Jesus, but being a short man he could not see over the crowd. He wanted to see who Jesus was, but because he was short he could not see over the crowd. He tried to get a look at Jesus, but he was too short to see over the crowd. He wanted desperately to see Jesus, but the crowd was in his way--he was a short man and couldn't see over the crowd. Who else in Luke had been wanting to see Jesus? (I can think of three people. Can you find any more?) How does Luke characterize those who are μικρὸς? 4 καὶ προδραμὼν εἰς τὸ ἔμπροσθεν ἀνέβη ἐπὶ συκομορέαν ἵνα ἴδῃ αὐτὸν ὅτι ἐκείνης ἤμελλεν διέρχεσθαι. So he ran on ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree in order to see Him, for He was about to pass through that way. And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycomore tree to see him: for he was to pass that way. And running before, he climbed up into a sycamore tree, that he might see him; for he was to pass that way. So he ran ahead and climbed a sycamore tree to see him, because he was going to pass that way. So he ran on ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see him, because Jesus was going to pass that way. So he ran ahead and climbed a sycamore-fig tree to see him, since Jesus was coming that way. So he ran ahead and climbed a sycamore-fig tree beside the road, for Jesus was going to pass that way. So he ran on ahead and climbed up in a sycamore tree so he could see Jesus when he came by. διέρχεσθαι: Note that this verbally rounds off the introduction by repeating the word used in v. 1.

3 5 καὶ ὡς ἦλθεν ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, ἀναβλέψας ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτόν Ζακχαῖε, σπεύσας κατάβηθι, σήμερον γὰρ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ σου δεῖ με μεῖναι. When Jesus came to the place, He looked up and said to him, Zaccheus, hurry and come down, for today I must stay at your house. And when Jesus came to the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said unto him, Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down; for to day I must abide at thy house. And when Jesus was come to the place, looking up, he saw him, and said to him: Zacheus, make haste and come down; for this day I must abide in thy house. When Jesus came to the place, he looked up and said to him, Zacchaeus, hurry and come down; for I must stay at your house today. And when Jesus came to that place, he looked up and said to him, Zacchaeus, come down quickly, because I must stay at your house today. When Jesus reached the spot, he looked up and said to him, Zacchaeus, come down immediately. I must stay at your house today. When Jesus came by, he looked up at Zacchaeus and called him by name. Zacchaeus! he said. Quick, come down! I must be a guest in your home today. When Jesus got to the tree, he looked up and said, Zacchaeus, hurry down. Today is my day to be a guest in your home. Note the extra phrase, and saw him, in the and. What s going on here? σπεύσας is what mood? How is it functioning here? (Note that and are treating it differently than the others. The others agree with what Wallace claims is the function. So, for those of you using BibleWorks, check the Resources tab, look for Wallace, and then look for a specific reference to this verse.) Today is a notable theme in Luke. Where else does it occur? δεῖ is another important theme. Where else does it occur? 6 καὶ σπεύσας κατέβη καὶ ὑπεδέξατο αὐτὸν χαίρων. And he hurried and came down and received Him gladly. And he made haste, and came down, and received him joyfully. And he made haste and came down; and received him with joy. So he hurried down and was happy to welcome him. So he came down quickly and welcomed Jesus joyfully. So he came down at once and welcomed him gladly. Zacchaeus quickly climbed down and took Jesus to his house in great excitement and joy. Zacchaeus scrambled out of the tree, hardly believing his good luck, delighted to take Jesus home with him. On how σπεύσας is regarded, cf. v. 5. (Note that this time,, and treat it in the same way.) Look up ὑποδέχομαι in a lexicon and indicate a fuller sense of its meaning. χαίρων is yet another important theme. Where else does it occur in Luke?

4 7 καὶ ἰδόντες πάντες διεγόγγυζον λέγοντες ὅτι παρὰ ἁμαρτωλῷ ἀνδρὶ εἰσῆλθεν καταλῦσαι. When they saw it, they all began to grumble, saying, He has gone to be the guest of a man who is a sinner. And when they saw it, they all murmured, saying, That he was gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner. And when all saw it, they murmured, saying, that he was gone to be a guest with a man that was a sinner. All who saw it began to grumble and said, He has gone to be the guest of one who is a sinner. And when the people saw it, they all complained, He has gone in to be the guest of a man who is a sinner. All the people saw this and began to mutter, He has gone to be the guest of a sinner. But the people were displeased. He has gone to be the guest of a notorious sinner, they grumbled. Everyone who saw the incident was indignant and grumped, What business does he have getting cozy with this crook? Where else in Luke does someone grumble? (Note: look for lemma based on *γογγυζω.)

5 8 σταθεὶς δὲ Ζακχαῖος εἶπεν πρὸς τὸν κύριον ἰδοὺ τὰ ἡμίσιά μου τῶν ὑπαρχόντων, κύριε, τοῖς πτωχοῖς δίδωμι, καὶ εἴ τινός τι ἐσυκοφάντησα ἀποδίδωμι τετραπλοῦν. Zaccheus stopped and said to the Lord, "Behold, Lord, half of my possessions I will give to the poor, and if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I will give back four times as much." And Zacchaeus stood, and said unto the Lord; Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken any thing from any man by false accusation, I restore him fourfold. But Zacheus standing, said to the Lord: Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have wronged any man of any thing, I restore him fourfold. Zacchaeus stood there and said to the Lord, "Look, half of my possessions, Lord, I will give to the poor; and if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I will pay back four times as much." But Zacchaeus stopped and said to the Lord, "Look, Lord, half of my possessions I now give to the poor, and if I have cheated anyone of anything, I am paying back four times as much!" But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, "Look, Lord! Here and now I give half of my possessions to the poor, and if I have cheated anybody out of anything, I will pay back four times the amount." Meanwhile, Zacchaeus stood before the Lord and said, "I will give half my wealth to the poor, Lord, and if I have cheated people on their taxes, I will give them back four times as much!" Zacchaeus just stood there, a little stunned. He stammered apologetically, "Master, I give away half my income to the poor--and if I'm caught cheating, I pay four times the damages." Notice that the narrator identifies Jesus as κύριος, and then Zacchaeus addresses him in the same way. Is this significant? Is it a confession of faith? Check a lexicon (GING will do in BibleWorks) and check out the uses of κύριος in just chapter 19 of Luke. What do you conclude? Note carefully the tense of δίδωμι and ἀποδίδωμι. Critique the English translations in terms of how they render the verbs. Especially note what is being suggested in the. καὶ εἴ τινός τι ἐσυκοφάντησα : What kind of conditional construction is this? What is the implication of this type of conditional? Check out the meaning of συκοφαντέω and note the various English translations of the word. Which do you think is the best way to translate it?

6 9 εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὅτι σήμερον σωτηρία τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ ἐγένετο, καθότι καὶ αὐτὸς υἱὸς Ἀβραάμ ἐστιν And Jesus said to him, "Today salvation has come to this house, because he, too, is a son of Abraham. And Jesus said unto him, This day is salvation come to this house, forsomuch as he also is a son of Abraham. Jesus said to him: This day is salvation come to this house, because he also is a son of Abraham. Then Jesus said to him, "Today salvation has come to this house, because he too is a son of Abraham. Then Jesus said to him, "Today salvation has come to this household, because he too is a son of Abraham! Jesus said to him, "Today salvation has come to this house, because this man, too, is a son of Abraham. Jesus responded, "Salvation has come to this home today, for this man has shown himself to be a true son of Abraham. Jesus said, "Today is salvation day in this home! Here he is: Zacchaeus, son of Abraham! σήμερον: Cf. v. 5! σωτηρία is another important theme in Luke-Acts. Where else does it occur in these two books? What is significant about Jesus designating Zacchaeus as a "son of Abraham"? 10 ἦλθεν γὰρ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ζητῆσαι καὶ σῶσαι τὸ ἀπολωλός. "For the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost." For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. For the Son of Man came to seek out and to save the lost." For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost." For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost." For the Son of Man came to seek and save those who are lost." For the Son of Man came to find and restore the lost." Where else does the title ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου occur in Luke-Acts? Where else in Luke do the ideas of seek and/or save and lost occur? (In BW, try using: Tools > Analyzing the text > Related Verses Tool.)