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1 ==== O = N O M M S N #$% Vol.2, No. 1 January, ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH (2006) #$%&'() New Advances in Research on the Little Ice Age Climate Change NIO == P OIP O N= = #$%&= #$%& #$%&==TPMMOM O=!= #$%&'= #$%&' () =TPMMMM P= = #$%&'( #$%&'==TPMMMM = #$%&'()*+,-./ :;.<=! #$%&'() * # 500 a (1400J1900 AD) #$%& L! #$%& # #$%&'()* #$%&! #$%&'()*+ #$%&'()* +,-./0(12345 #$ #$%&'()*!+,!! #P467==== #A = ==== 3 #$%&'()*+ 500 a #$%&'() #$%&'()* 4 # #$%&'() #$ #$%& #$%&'()*+, #$%&'( Little Ice Age LIA! Matthes 1 #$%&'()*"+ #$%&'()#* 2 #$%&'! 1000 a #$%&'(!! #$% 3 = #$%&'! *+,-./012 #$%&'()*+,-. 5J9 10J14 #$%&'()*+ #$% ==== #$%&'()*+,-./01 #$%&'()*+%,-. #$%&' 15 #$%&'()*+,-./ #$%&'()* a #$%&'()*+! 2005J09J14 = 2005J12J06 #$%&!'()%&!*+'(,- IAM J! L #$%&'( 2002CSB #$%&' K= wangjs02@lzu.edu.cn Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2006, 2 ( 1): #$% #$%& ========= # 500 a #$% #$%

2 ==== 22 #$% =OMMS! #$ 10 a #$%& #$%&'( #$%& #$%&'()*+,-./ N==! if^ NKN== ==== #$%&' 16 #$% #1400J1500AD1600J1700AD #$ AD #$ 17 #$%&'()! 18 #!$%&'()* #"$ 1780J1920AD #$%&'()"* #$%&'() 19 #$% 0.5 #$%&'()! #$%&'()*&+,-. 8 #$%& 14J19 #$% NKO== ====Stuiver et al. 20 # GISP2 18 O #$% # 1350J1800AD Jensen et al. 6 # GRIP 1300J1900AD #$%& #$%&'"()$*+,-! #$% #$%&'() 21 #$%& 22 3 #$ 1200J1300AD1610J1750AD1870J1900AD 23 #$%& 1300J1850AD #$%&'()* #$%&'()*+, ==== #$%&'()*+,-./ O Hara et al. 24 # 1640J1915AD #$%&'() #$%&' #$%&' #$%&%'( # 7 #$%&'( 25J26 #$%& #$%&'()*+,- #! NKP== ==== #$%& #$%&'( #!$%& # abp # 28! #$%&'()*+ Repinski et al. 29 #$%& #$%I #$%&'()*+ #$%&'()1700AD #$! 30 #$%&'()*+,-I! L #$% NKQ== ==== #$%&'()*+1300J1900AD #$%&'( 31 #$%&! #$%&'( 32! 3!1400J1500AD1600J1700AD 1850J 1920AD!#$8 #$%! 420 a #$%&'(&$ 9!# #$%&'()!#$% #$ 1870 #$% #$%#&'()*+ NKR== ==== #$%&'()*+,-./01! 10 #$%&! 11 14! 33 #$Yang et alk 34 #2000 a 1400AD # 1920AD a #$ # #$%&'()*+,-./! #$%&'()*+%, # #$%& 35 #$% 18 O NP C PS 3 # 1545J 1640AD1675J1745AD 1790J1825AD 1475J1690AD!1690J1825AD! #$%&' 37 #$%&'! 12 #$%&'()*+,

3 !W #$%&'() N 23 50N EQ 50S 150W 100W 50W 0 50E 100E 150E!! 1===! "#$%&'()#*+ Fig. 1 The distribution of the LIA indicated by proxy data in the world 3 #1420J1520AD1570J1680AD 1770J1890AD #$ 2 3! # 13 #$%&' #$%& 38! 1601J1650AD 1651J1700AD 1651J 1700AD #$% #$%&# #$%&'()*+,- 39 #$%&'()(*+,-./0! ==== #$%&'() 40, 3 #$%&'()*+,-! 13 C #$%&'(1400J1920AD!1600J1700 AD # $2 41!16J19 #$%&' (#)! 42 Jacoby et al. 43 D Arrigo et al. 44 #$%&'()*+, #$%&"' ==== #$%&'()*+,-./01 #$ #$% #$%&' NKS==! Khim et al. 45 #$%&'()*+! #$%&'()*+, # $%&'()*Domack et al. 46 #$%&'()*+,-./0 O==if^ #$%& OKN==if^ ==== #$%& #$%1300AD #$%&' #100 a 1 #$% #$%&'( # #$ #$%&'()*LIA! ==== #$ #$%&'()* # #$%&'()*+,-./012 # 5, 47, 48 #$%&'() OKO==if^ ==== #$%&'()*+, a #$%&'( 1000 a #$%&'( #$%&'()*+! #$%&'( #$ #$%&'()*+,-.

4 ==== 24 #$% =OMMS #$%& 500 a1400j1900ad #$ #$%&'! #$%&' #$%! #$%& #$%& #$% #$%&'() ==== #$% #$%&'(3 #$%&'(17 #$%&'() #$%&'! #$%&'()*+ OKP==if^ #$ ==== #$%&'()*+ #$%&!'() #$$% #$%&'()*+,-. 18 O 13 #$ # #$ #$% #$%&' #$%&'() mm18! # 210 mm19 # #$%&'()*+,-! # 180 mm! 50! #$%&' #$%&' 51 #$%&' #$% #$%&&'()*+, # #$%&'()*+ #$% #$%&'() #$% #$% 52J53 # ==== #$%&'()&*Winter=et al. 54 # #!#$%& J1850AD #$%& #$%&'()*+, #$%&'()*)1450J1530AD 1720J1850AD #$%&'( J1670AD #$% #$%& Tyson et al. 30 # #$%&"' 1 #$%&'()*+,-. #$% #$%& #$1 #$%&'()*+20 # ==== #$ #$%&'()! #$%&' #$%& #$%2 #$%&4 #$ #$%&'! #$% #$%&'($) * #$! # 1 #$ P==if^ #$ ==== #$%&'()*+,-./01 # 59 #$%&'( 60 Jones et al. 61 #$ ENSO #$%NAO # 5 #$%& #$%&'()*+ #$% #$%&'()*+,-./012(! 62 #$%&'()*+,- THC 56 THC # #$%& ==== #$ #$%&'() #$%&'()*+,- 63! I #$%&'()*I # 51 #$%&'()*! # #$%& #$ #$%&' ==== #$%&'()*#+ #$%&'()* #$%& #$ %&' #$% #$%&'() # #$%!&'() #$% #$ #$%& # #$%&'()*+,-./012 #$%&'"() #$%& #$%&'()*+,-./

5 N!W #$%&'() 25 Q=== ===1 #$%&'()*+,-./ #$%&'()* +,-! #$% #$ #$%&'()*+,-./01 # #$%&'()* a #$% ===2 #$%&'()*+,- #$%&'()*+',-./ #$%&'()*+,-. # #$%&'()*+ #$%&'()* #$%& #$%& ===P #$%&'()*+,"-. #$% # #$%&'()*+,-./$01 ===Q #L #L! #$%&'()*+ #$%&'()*+,-./0123 #$%&'()* # #$%&'()*+ ===R #$%&'()* #$%& #$%&'()* #$%&'() #$%&' #$%&!'() #$%& #$%& [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] Mikami T. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Little Ice Age Climate [C]. Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1992: 1-5, , K #$%&'()*+,-./ [J]. #2001, 24 ( 1): 67JTPK Kreutz K J, Mayewski P A, Meeker L D, et al. Bipolar changes in atmospheric circulation during the Little Ice Age [J]. Science, 1997, 277: Jensen D D, Mosegaard K, Gundestrup N, et al. Past temperatures directly from the Greenland ice sheet [J]. Science, 1998, 282: Haug G H, Hughen K A, Sigman D M, et al. Southward migration of the intertropical convergence zone through the Holocene [J]. Science, 2001, 293: McDermott F, Mattey D P, Hawkesworth C. Centennial-scale Holocene climate variability revealed by a high-resolution speleothem δ 18 O record from SW Ireland [J]. Science, 2001, 294: Hendy E J, Gagan M K, Alibert C A, et al. Abrupt decrease in tropical Pacific sea surface salinity at end of Little Ice Age [J]. Science, 2002, 295: K= RMMM #$%&'(=[J].!B FI=1973, 16 (2): 291J296K I= I= K= #$%=[J].= I 1998, 18 (1): 54J62K I= I===I=K= #$ %&'()[J].!EB FI=1990, 20 (11):1196J1201K I= I= I= K= #$!%&'()* [J].=!EB FI=1995, 25 (10): 1108J1114K K= #$%&'()*+, -. [J].=! I=1991, 11(2): 104J111K Jones P D, Briffa K R. Preface: The Little Ice Age : Local and global perspectives [J]. Climate Change, 2001, 48(1): 5-8. #$%&'()*+,-./012)3 #$%&' #$% #$! #$! [1] Matthes F E. Report of the committee on glaciers, transactions of the America [J]. Geophysical Union, 1939, 20: [2] Lamb H H. Climate: Present, Past and Future [M]. London: Methuen, 1977: 100, 221, 430. [16] Bodri L, Cermak V. Climate change of the last millennium inferred from borehole temperatures: regional patterns of climatic changes in the Czech Republic-part III [J]. Glob. and Planet. Change, 1999, 21: [17] Matthews J A, Dahl S O, Nesje A, et al. Holocene glacier variations in central Jotunheimen, southern Norway based on distal glaciolacustrine sediment cores [J]. Quat. Sci. Rev., 2000, 19: [18] Jennings A E, Hagen S, Hardardottir J, et al. Oceanographic change and terrestrial human impacts in a post AD1400 sediment record from the Southwest Iceland shelf [J]. Climate Change, 2001,48(1): [19] Brooksa S J, Birks H J B. Chironomid-inferred air temperatures from

6 ==== OS #$% =OMMS Lateglacial and Holocene sites in north-west Europe: progress and problems [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2001, 20: [34] Yang B, Braeuning A C, Johnson K R. General characteristics of temperature variation in China during the last two millennia [J]. [20] Stuiver M, Grootes P M, Baraziunas T F. The GISP2 δ 18 O climate Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29 (9): record of the past years and the role of the sun, ocean and volcanoes. [J]. Quaternary Research, 1995, 44: [35] Tan M, Liu T S, Hou J Z, et al. Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature [21] Nederbragt A J, Thurow J W. A 6000 year varve record of Holocene [J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30 (12): climate in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, from digital sediment colour [36] Paulsen D E, Li H C, Ku T L. Climate variability in central China over analysis of ODP Leg 169S cores [J]. Marine Geology, 2001, 174: 95- the last 1270 years revealed by high-resolution stalagmite records [J] Quaternary Science Reviews, 2003, 22: [22] Calkin P E, Wiles G C, Barclay D J. Holocene coastal glaciation of Alaska [37] I= I= K= #$%&'( [J].= [J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2001, 20: =ED FI=1996, 26 (5): 474J480K [23] Nyberg J, Kuijpers A, Malmgren B A, et al. Late Holocene changes in [38]!! K= #$%&'()*+=[J].= precipitation and hydrography recorded in marine sediments from the Northeastern Caribbean Sea [J]. Quaternary Reesarch, 2001, 56: [39]!2001, 26 (24): 2069J2073K I K= #$%&'()*+,-./+01 [24] O Hara S L, Metcalfe S E. The climate of Mexico since the Aztec period [J].! I=2002, 24 (3): 234J244K [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [J]. Quaternary International, 1997, 43: 1-7. Goodman A Y, Rodbell D T, Seltzer G O, et al. Subdivision of glacial deposits in Southeastern Peru based on pedogenic development and radiometric ages [J]. Quaternary Research, 2001, 56: Cioccale M A. Climatic fluctuations in the central region of Argentina in the last 1000 years [J]. Quaternary International, 1999, 62: Huffman T N. Archaeological evidence for climatic change during the last 2000 years in Southern Africa [J]. Quaternary International, 1996, 33: Stager J C, Cumming B, Meeker L. A high-resolution yr diatom record from Lake Victoria, East Africa [J]. Quaternary Research, 1997, 47: Repinski P, Holmgren K, Lauritzen S E, et al. A late Holocene climate record from a stalagmite, Cold Air Cave, Northern Province, South Africa [J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 1999, 150: Tyson P D, Karlen W, Holmgren K, et al. The Little Ice Age and medieval warming in South Africa [J]. South African Journal of Science, 2000, 96: Winkler S. The Little Ice Age maximum in the Southern Alps, New Zealand: Preliminary results at Mueller Glacier [J]. The Holocene, 2000, 10: Hendy C H, Wilson A T. Palaeoclimate data from speleothems [J]. Nature, 1968, 219: I I K #"$%&'(=[J].! I 2003, 15 (4): 369J376K [40] Tagami Y. Some remarks on the climate in the Medieval Warm Period of Japan [C] // Paleoclimate and environmental variability in Austral-Asian transect during the past 2000 years (IGBP Proceedings). Nagoya, Japan: Nogoya University, 1996: [41] Kitagawa H, Matsumoto E. Climatic implications in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) during the last two millennia [J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1995, 22 (16): [42] Narama C. Late Holocene variation of the Raigorodskogo Glacier and climate change in the Pamir-Alai, central Asia [J]. Catena, 2002, 48: [43] Jacoby G C, Lovelius N V, Shumilov O I, et al. Long-term temperature trends and tree growth in the Taymir region of Northern Siberia [J]. Quaternary Research, 2000, 53: [44] D Arrigo R, Jacoby G, Pederson N, et al. Mongolian tree-rings, temperature sensitivity and reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperature [J]. The Holocene, 2000, 10: [45] Khim B K, Yoon H I, Kang C Y, et al. Unstable climate oscillations during the late Holocene in the Eastern Bransfield Basin, Antarctic Peninsula [J]. Quaternary Research, 2002, 58: [46] Domack E W, Leventer A, Dunbar R, et al. Chronology of the Palmer Deep site, Antarctic Peninsula: A Holocene palaeoenvironmental reference for the circum-antarctic [J]. The Holocene, 2000, 11: 1-9. [47] Broecker W S. Was the medieval warm period global? [J]. Science, 2001, 291: [48] Soon W, Baliunas S, Idso C, et al. Reconstructing climate and environmental changes of the past 1000 years: a reappraisal [J]. Energy

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