1(a) moat. moat. moat. 1(b) moving magnetic feature

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High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 3000, USA e-mail: kubo@ucar.

1 High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO , USA 1. km km ) 2. 1(a) moat moat 1(a) moat 1(b) moat moat moat moving magnetic feature

2 1 (a) (b) 1(b) N S km. (MMF) 2) MMF 0.5 km moat MMF 1,500 km 3 8 3) MMF MMF 2), 4) 6) 3 MMF, moat ) V Q, U

3 Q U 2 8) 3 1 MMF Advanced Stokes Polarimeter (ASP) 9) SOHO Michelson 3 ASP (a) (b) (c) (d) MDI moat moat MMF 3(a) 3(b) N S 3(c) (d)

4 Doppler Imager (MDI) 10) ) 12) ASP SOHO/MDI 1 MDI 2 13) ASP MDI km 4. MMF MMF MMF 3 3(c) MMF moat MMF 3(d) MMF MMF 4 moat MMF MMF 4 moat 3 MMF 42 3 MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF 5. MMF MMF MMF moat 3 5(a) (a)

5 5 (a) (b) 3 3 MMF MMF MMF 6 MMF MMF 7 MMF MMF 14) 16) 6 5(b) 5(b) MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF 6. MMF MMF MMF 1 7 MMF 2), 3) MMF MMF

6 MMF 7(b) 3), 17) 19) 7. 7 (a) (b) MMF moat MMF 45 7(a) MMF 3 MMF 3 MMF 1 MMF moat MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF MMF km MMF 20) ASP

7 ASP 1) Kubo M., Shimizu T., Tsuneta S., 2007, ApJ 659, 812 2) Harvey K., Harvey J., 1973, Sol. Phys. 28, 61 3) Martinez Pillet V., 2002, Astronomische Nachrichten 323, 342 4) Brickhouse N. S., Labonte B. J., 1988, Sol. Phys. 115, 43 5) Zhang J., Solanki S. K., Wang J., 2003, A&A 399, 755 6) Hagenaar H. J., Shine R. A., 2005, ApJ 635, 659 7) del Toro Iniesta J. C., 2003, Introduction to Spectropolarimetry, Cambridge 8) Skumanich A., Lites B. W., 1987, ApJ 322, 473 9) Elmore D. F., et al., 1992, Proc. SPIE 1746, 22 10) Scherrer P. H., et al., 1995, Sol. Phys. 162, ) Kosugi T., et al., 2007, Sol. Phys., in press 12) Tsuneta S., et al., 2007, Sol. Phys., submitted 13) 2003, 14) Title A. M., et al., 1993, ApJ 403, ) Lites B. W., et al., 1993, ApJ 418, ) Solanki S. K., Montavon C. A. P., 1993, A&A 275, ) Shine R., Title A., 2001, Encyclopedia of Astron. Astrophys. Vol. 4, ) Thomas J. H., et al., 2002, Nature 420, ) Weiss N. O., et al., 2004, ApJ 600, ) Kubo M., et al., 2007, PASJ, in press (astro-ph 0709,1853) Magnetic Activity Responsible for Sunspot Decay Masahito KUBO High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO , USA Abstract: Small magnetic elements moving outward are generally observed in the zone surrounding mature sunspots. Such small magnetic elements were thought to carry away magnetic flux from sunspots. We investigate a relationship between the small magnetic elements and sunspot decay using vector magnetic fields in the photosphere. We have found that there are the small magnetic elements with magnetic fields horizontal and relatively vertical to the solar surface. The small magnetic elements with horizontal and relatively vertical fields are located on the lines extrapolated from the horizontal and vertical components of the penumbral fields, respectively. This means that magnetic fields of the small magnetic elements are originated from the penumbral magnetic fields. In addition, we have obtained observational results suggesting that the magnetic elements having vertical fields with polarity same as the sunspot are alone responsible for the disintegration of the sunspot

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