Factors Influencing Shyness among Jordanian University Students: A Field Study

1434 2013, 3,25, 1434 2013,644 613, 3,25, : 2, 1 1433 02 15 ; 1432 12 02 :, 526, 2010 2009,,,,,, : α<0 05, %0 9, %6 5,,,,, : Factors Influencing Shyness among Jordanian University Students: A Field Study Nedal Kamal Al- Shraifin (1), and Ahmad Abd Allah Al- Shraifin (2) Yarmouk University (Received 29/10/2011; accepted 09/01/2012) Abstract: This study aimed at exploring the influencing factors of shyness among Jordanian university students using stepwise multiple regression procedures. To achieve the objective of the study, the shyness scale for university students was administered to a random sample consisted of 526 students from Yarmouk university students, enrolled in the second semester of the academic year 2009/2010. The results revealed that the shyness level among students was low. Furthermore, the Correlation Coefficients between shyness and each of: Gender, parenting styles, Faculty, academic level, academic achievement, physical handicap, religiosity and height were generally low, but statistically significant. All predictors Contributed significantly in explaining the variance in shyness. Faculty factor explained 6.5% of variance, which was the highest contribution, where the parenting styles factor explained 0.9% which was the lowest contribution. Based on these findings, the standardized multiple linear regression equation was derived, which can be used for predicting shyness among university students. Keyword: Shyness, parenting styles, Achievement, Personality traits, Jordanian University Students. (1) Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational indicative, Faculty of Education, University of Yarmouk Irbid, Jordan, p.o box: (566), Postal Code: (21163) e-mail: nshraifin@yahoo.com :,, 1 21163, 566,, (2) Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational indicative, Faculty of Education, University of Yarmouk 613,, 2

:, Bandura, Erickson Stranda, Cernab & Downs, 2008 :,,,,, :,,,, :, :,,,,, 1977 Zimbardo Fitts, Sebby & Zlokovich, 2009, ;,,,,, (Hane, Cheah, Rubin & Fox, 2008,,,,, : : 2008,,, Spere & Evans, 2009 : Margraf & Rudolf, 1999, 5, : Nelson et. al, 2008, 606 614

1434 2013, 3,25,,,, Roeder & Margrat, 1999,,%51 %18,%47,,, 2009,,,, (Spere, & Evans, 2009,, Crystal, Parrott, Okazaki & Watanabe, 2001,,, Cheek & Melchior, 1990 :,,,,, Cramerus, 1998 615

:, (Hoyos,,, Turner, Husman & Schallert, 2002,,,,,,,, 2006,, University of Alberta Canda Macdonald, 1998 Bas, 2010,,, Hoglund & Mcholas, 1995,, 616

1434 2013, 3,25,,, :,,,.1,,,,,,,,,,?,.2 α<0 05?,,,,,,.3, : α<0 05? :,,,,,,,, ;, 617

:, 2011 - : - 2011 -,2010 2009 165644 2010 95463 70181, ; Available Sample,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ;, 618

1434 2013, 3,25,,, Logical Validity,,,,, Logical Analysis, Construct Validity, Correlational Techniques, Factor Analysis,, 526 2011,, 45, :, :,,,α, 0.95,, 45 (Person : : (Item,Reliability, 5, 3, 4,,, Reliability, 0.92,0.97 619

:, 1, 4 :,,, 3 2 1, :, 1, 2, 84-100, 68-75.9 3, 76-83.9 60-67.9 4 : -, 1, 3, 2 : -,,, 1, - -,, 225 45, :, 1.49,,, 2.491.5 3.492.5,,, 4.493.5, 4.5 :, : : 1 : -, 1 : - - 620

1434 2013, 3,25,,, : : :,,,,,,,,?,, 1 : -, 1,, 3, 2,, 800 500, 500-800, : - 2, 1, 3, : -, 2, 1, 3, : - 179170 2, 180 1 169 3,, 1.82 2.42.66 2.22.72 2.28 621

:, 1.68 2.22.86.65 2.81 2.26.72 2.28.78 2.27.62 2.24.87 2.60.66 2.77.72 2.28.78 2.46.59 2.08.72 2.28.81 2.44.72 2.33.68 2.23.67 2.16.72 2.28.82 2.53.66.61 2.17 2.83.72 2.28.91 2.80.68 2.22.61 2.13.65 2.33.72 2.28.68 2.22.84 2.49.72 2.28 622

1434 2013, 3,25, 1.96 2.70.89.70 2.66 2.26.72 2.28.74 2.20.74.65 2.67 2.21.72 2.28.78 2.74 180.74.65 2.22 2.21 179 170 169.72 2.28, 0.52,,,, 0.38 1,.61 2.83, 2.08,.59, 0.59, 623

:,, 0.47,, 180, 179170, 169 0.53,, 2 0.27,,,,,, 0.66, 0.67,,,, 0.26 2.003 2.939.82355.65542 2.4212 2.2230 159 367,, 3 2 α<0.01,, 624

1434 2013, 3,25, 3 10.159 4.942 3 14.825.486 522 253.915 525 268.741, Scheffe 4, 3 α<0.01 4 2.2621 = 2.8169 = 2.2234 = -.03872.59345* 2.2234 =.55473* - 2.8169 = 2.2621 = 5, 4 α<0.01,, α<0.01, : 5 6.285.77543.58582 2.4646 2.0837 275 248 625

:,,, 6 5 α<0.01, 6 15.339 7.090 4 28.362.462 520 240.370 525 268.732 Scheffe 7, 6 α<0.01 7 2.3313 = 2.1333 = 2.2223 = 2.8043 =.47295* -.67093*.58195* 2.8043 = -.10901.08897-2.2223 = -.19798 2.1333 = 2.3313 =,, 7 α<0.01 626

1434 2013, 3,25,, 8,, 8.05 2.387 1.209 4 4.836.507 521 263.905 525 268.741 Scheffe 9, 8 α<0.01 9 2.1693 = 2.2372 = 2.3354 = 2.4401 =.27073*.20284*.10466 2.4401 =.16607.09817-2.3354 =.06789 2.2372 = 2.1693 = 10, 9, α<0.01,, 627

:, 10.001-3.365.67805.83519 2.2286 2.4936 411 102,, 11 10 α<0.01,, 11 11.915 5.741 3 17.224.482 522 251.517 525 268.741 Scheffe 12, 11 α<0.01 12 169 2.2112 = 170-179 2.2268 = 180 2.7414 =.53016*.51458* 180 2.7414 =.01558-170-179 2.2268 = 169 2.2112 = 628

1434 2013, 3,25, 180, 169,, 13, 12 α<0.01 179170, 180, 180, α<0.01, 180 13.010 3.214 1.618 4 6.471.503 521 262.270 525 268.741 Scheffe 14, 13 α<0.01 14 2.7711 = 2.6056 = 2.2426 = 2.2743 = -.49686* -.33130.03162 2.2743 = -.52848* -.36293-2.2426 = -.16556 2.6056 = 2.7711 = 629

:,,,, 15, 14 α<0.05,,, α<0.05 15 21.669 10.282 2 20.565.475 523 248.176 525 268.741 Scheffe 16, 15 α<0.01 16 2.8380 = 2.1743 = 2.5329 = -.30512.35862* 2.5329 = -.66374* - 2.1743 = 2.8380 =,,, 16 α<0.01 630

1434 2013, 3,25,, 17, α<0.01,, 17.008 3.993 2.010 2 6.029.503 523 262.712 525 268.741 Scheffe 18, 17 α<0.01 18 2.2614 = 2.6628 = 2.7000 =.43858.03720 2.7000 =.40138* - 2.6628 = 2.2614 =,, 19 18 α<0.01,, 631

:, 19 10.344 5.027 3 15.080.486 522 253.661 525 268.741 Scheffe 20, 19 α<0.01 20 2.2130 = 2.6759 = 2.2043 = -.00872 -.47160* 2.2043 =.46288* - 2.6759 = 2.2130 = α<0.05, :,,,,,,,,,?, 20 α<0.01,, α<0.01,, : : 632

1434 2013, 3,25, 21,, Kendall's Tau 21 -.214* -.076*.135* -.010 -.171* -.127*.084*.036 -.254* -.114* -.046 α<0.05 : : α<0.05?, 22,, 21,.254 -.010,, :,,,, 0.12 α<0.05,, 0.0645,, 01 633

:,, : 22 F R 2 P T.69322.065.065 30.474-6.018 --- -.254.092.059 2.806 -.357 26.579 ---.120 3.184.67908.039.104-5.842-4.797 -.242 -.199.058.033 -.340 -.158 19.970 ---.147 2.938-5.795 -.239.058 -.335.67449.005.014.118-4.641 -.192.033 -.152.005 2.851.118.067.191 18.831 ---.151 2.851-6.054 -.251.058 -.351.67185.024.009.127-4.634 -.191.033 -.151.008 2.647.109.067.177.024 2.260.094.039.088,,,,,, F, α<0.05 22,,, -.254, -.199,, 634

1434 2013, 3,25,, t, : +.191 Y = 2.938.355 + -.151,,,,, t : +.177 +.088.351.151 Y = 2.851,,,,,,,, ;,.127.118.104.065 23, :,,, ; t, : Y = 2.851 0.357, t,, : 0.34.158 Y = 3.184, 635

:,,,,,,,,,, α<0.05, Check & Melchion, 1990,.67185.67449.67908.69322, : +.177 +.088.351.151 Y = 2.851,, Roeder & Margrat, 1999, Spere & Evans, 2009,,, 636

1434 2013, 3,25, (Cheek & Krasnoperova,,,,,, Macdonald, 1998,1999,, 1996,,,, (Hoglund & Mcholas,, 1995,,,,,,,,,,,,, 637

:,,,,,,,,, α<0.05, Hoyos, 2006, ;,,,,,, α<0.05,,,,,,,, 638

1434 2013, 3,25,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2008, ;,,,,,, (Crystal, Parrott, Okazaki, & Watanabe, 2009 ;,,,2001),,,, 639

:,, α<0.05, 1993,,,,,,,, α<0.05, α<0.05,,,, α<0.05, 180,,,,,,,, 640

1434 2013, 3,25,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, α<0.05,, 641

:,,,, :, : α<0.05,,, α<0.05,,,,, α<0.05 1 :,,,,, :,,,, %12.7 642

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