15 (Wallace 2005) DNA mtdna mtdna16,569bpdnah LmtDNA1322tRNA2rRNA 12kntp (D-1oop)(Graeber et al 1998) AmtDNA,DNA mtdna(meissner 2007) mtdna(bowmaker et al 2003) O H γ (POLG)2/3 mtdnao L mtdna B mtdnamtdna O H C mtdna (Bowmaker et al 2003) D mtdnandnamtdna ndna1020mtdna mtdna10004 182418(Korr et al 1998) mtdna 25000(Berdanier & Everts 2001) mtdna mtdnamtdna mtdnamtdna mtdnamtdna mtdna mtdna
. DNA(Bowmaker et al 2003). A, 13RNA ND, NADH; cyt b, b; COX, C; A, ATP rrna, rrna22trnas B, mtdna 2/3O L C, O H O H ; D,Bowmaker θ O H O H a acd mtdnamtdna mtdna (MELAS) MERRF(MELAS)mtDNA (Chan 2006) mtdna mtdna mtdna(chan 2006) mtdna
mtdnamtdna mtdnamtdna mtdna(chan 2006) 1988Wallace LebermtDNA (Brown et al 1995)mtDNA ROS mtdnagcat DNADNA DNAROS (Yakes & VanHouten 1997)mtDNA mtdna 8DNA(A3243G, T8993G/C, A8344G, A1555G, G11778A, G3460A and T14484C) 10.1%A3243G(Cao et al)a3243ga8344g A3243G A3243G trnaleuuur MELAS A8344G trnalys MERRFT8993G/C NARP 8DNA(A3243G, T8993G/C, A8344G, A1555G, G11778A, G3460A and T14484C) 10.1%A3243G(Cao et al)a3243ga8344g
A3243G A3243G trnaleuuur MELAS A8344G trnalys MERRFT8993G/C NARP mtdna Leber(LHON) Leber(LHON) I LHON mtdna 1177814484/ND6(Qu et al) NARP neuropathy, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosanarp ATPT8993G156 (Rak et al 2007) Leigh Leigh Leigh (Finsterer 2008).SURF1 CLeigh mtdnatrna MELAS mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and strokelike episodesmelas mtdna 3243(He & Zhang) MERRF myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibersmerrf trna(lys) 8313GAtRNA(Lys) G8313A(Bacman et al 2003) mtdnarrna (AID)
(AID)1993(Fischel-Ghodsian 1999) 12S rrna A1555G 12S rrna 68A1555G(Lu et al) mtdna Pearson Pearson KSSmtDNA 4977(Pogozelski et al 2003) Kearns-SayreKSS Kearns-SayreKSS mtdna (Lopez-Gallardo et al 2009)20 CPEO chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegiacpeo CPEO mtdna(lopez-gallardo et al 2009) mtdna10.4kbmtdna 4389-14812LO2rRNaND1cytb RNAmtDNA(Tuppen et al)mtdna mtdnamtdna3243a GtRNALeu ATP (Tuppen et al) Bacman SR, Atencio DP, Moraes CT. 2003. Decreased mitochondrial trna(lys) steady-state levels and aminoacylation are associated with the pathogenic G8313A mitochondrial DNA mutation. Biochemical Journal 374: 131-6
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