ΚΑΡΑΜΑΛΑΚΗΣ Γ. ΕΜΜΑΝΟΥΗΛ ΑΕΜ:

- `. : 1388 ( ) : 2010

1 ( )

2 :... 4... 5 1 :.... 7 1.1..... 7 1.2..... 8 1.3..... 10 1.3.1.... 11 1.3.1.1. J. Piaget.... 11 1.3.1.2. Lawrence Kohlberg.... 16 1.3.1.3. ;... 23 1.3.1.4..... 24 1.3.4..... 25 1.3.5..... 26 1.3.6..... 27 1.3.7. M. HOFFMAN.... 27 1.3.8.... 28 1.3.9. H. MASLOW C. ROGERS... 29 1.3.10.... 30 2 :.... 32 2.1. ;... 32 2.2..... 35 2.3..... 38 2.3.1..... 39 2.3.2..... 42 2.4. :... 42 3 :.... 46 3.1..... 46 3.2..... 50 3.3..... 51 3.4..... 52 3.5..... 53 3.6..... 57 3.6.1.1..... 58 3.6.1.2. Project... 61 3.6.1.3..... 64 4. A.... 66 4.1.... 66 4.2..... 67 4.3.... 68

4.4..... 68 4.5..... 69 4.6. :... 70 4.7..... 71 5.... 93... 97 :... 98 3

4. (B. Joyce, M. Well, E. Calhoun, p. 230). J. Piaget L. Kohlberg (Piaget, 1962, Kohlberg, 1984).,,,.,.,,.,,.,,.,.

5, (,, ), (,1995,.1-2).. (, 2003,. 9).. (1995) «.. O,,.» ( 17).., (, 1998,. 559 725-727).,.,,..,.,..,

6.. «,.» (, 1995. 18).,,,.,.,,.,.,.,..

7 1 :. 1.1..,,,,.,, (Montlibert, 1998, 33-38,, 1998,. 229)., (, 1991. 2253).,. : «,» (, 1978. 19). «,,,» (, 1975. 19).,,., (, 2003. 19,, 1991,. 2253-2254).,,.

8 «,,,» (Fontana, 1995,. 286)., (Fontana, 1995,. 284).,,, (,.3,. 172). 1.2.. «,,...,» (, 2004,. 27)..,,,...,.

9...., (, 2004,. 27-29)...,..,,, (, 2003. 27-28). (,.1, 1985,. 19-21).,. S. Freud, (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001. 114 195). J.J. Rousseau, «,» (,. 1, 1985,. 21). J. Locke, o «tabula rasa»

10, (,. 1, 1985,. 20).,,. Kant, «. Kant,» (, 2003. 29). :...,, (, 2003. 29). 1.3.. ; ;,, ;..,.

1.3.1.. 11, J. Piaget L. Kohlberg,,. (, 2003,. 41-115). 1.3.1.1. J. Piaget. J. Piaget (Piaget, 1962, Vugosky, 2008).,,. Piaget,. Piaget, ( -, 1991. 2264).,. (, 1987,. 91-97).., (,, ). (, 2001,. 454-455,, 2003,. 39-71,, 3,.172). J. Piaget,.

12 Piaget,(Vugosky, 2000,. 157-177,,.2, 1985,.106-114 )., Piaget, (, 2003. 54-61)., (, 1991. 2264).,, (, 2001,. 454-460). Piaget :. 7 ( ) 1 ( ). (,.3, 1985,. 173-175)... 10 (, 2003. 54-58). Piaget. 7. 7 (, 2003,. 58-60). Piaget. 6.,

13. 6 10,.,. 9 «.» (, 2003,. 60-61). «Piaget.., Piaget» (, 2004,. 39).,.,.. 7. Piaget.....,,.,,. (, 2004,. 39-41). Piaget 12 (, 2008.. 259 260).

0-2 3-5 5-6 1.. (,,.,............ 14. 7-8... 8-9... 9-10. 10-11.. : 11-12.., 2003,. 72-73

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1.3.1.2. Lawrence Kohlberg. 16 Lawrence Kohlberg Harvard J. Piaget J. Dewey (Kohlberg, 1984). Kohlberg (, 1990,. 19-52).. (, 2001,. 462-463).., (, 2003. 80-82)., «;», «;» «;».(, 1990,. 19 52)., Kohlberg,. Kohlberg (, 1990,. 36 52)., Kohlberg (, 2001, 2264).,. Kohlberg Piaget, (, 1995,. 39-41, &, 2004,. 340,

17, 2006,. 134-140). Kohlberg (, 2003,. 101). Kohlberg -,. : (, 1990,. 55-56). :.. :... :.... :..,, «.,» (, 1990,. 91-92).

., (, 1990,. 92).. Kohlberg : (, 2003. 93 111,, 1990,. 67-131, D. Fontana, 1995,. 287-288,, 1985, 3,. 176-179).. 2 KOHLBERG. ; ;.,..,....,,.,.., 2003,. 72-73, 1985,.3,.177 18 1o:. (1 9 ) Piaget (,.1, 1985,. 59-60).

19.,. (, 2001. 2265).. :..,..,.,,, (, 1990,. 68-750).. :...,,.,.,, (, 2003. 94 95,, 1990,. 76-82). 2o:,... (, 1990,. 82-83).

20 3 KOHLBERG... ( ). ; ;.....,..., 2003,. 72-73, 1985,.3,.177...... (,2003. 95-97).. ( )..

21,..., (, 1985,.3,. 176-177,, 2003,. 97). 4 KOHLBERG... ; ;.,,.....,..., 2003,. 72-73, 1985,.3,.177 3o: ( ),.

22,.,,..,,... : status quo..,,.. (, 1985,.3,. 176-177,, 2003,. 98-99).. :..,,.. Kohlberg (, 2003. 101)..., King.

23. «.,, ( ) 7,,,,,,» (, 2004,. 43). 1.3.1.3. ;,,.,.,. (, 1985,.3,. 180-181) Kohlberg,., 18 5, 10% 36 (, 2003,. 105-107).,, (, )..,

24. «,.,» (, 2004,. 42). 1.3.1.4... ; Kohlberg,, ; ; Piaget Kohlberg,,. (76%).. Kohlberg (, 2003. 110-111).,,., ( ).,,.,,,.

25. (Herbert, 1998,. 105-106),... (Fontana, 1995,. 289-290). «,,,,.,,,!» (Fontana, 1995,. 290). 1.3.4.. S. Freud (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001,. 113 195, Jung 2007, Tadie, 2001,. 201-233,, 1982,. 41-72,, 2007,. 52-68)., (, 2004,. 60-61). (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001,. 113 195, Jung 2007, Tadie, 2001,. 201-233,, 1982,. 41-72,, 2007,. 52-68).,.,,

26 (Fontana, 1995,. 286-287)., (, 1985,.3,. 182-183)., Freud Erikson, «,» (Fontana, 1996,. 286).,.,, (Erikson, 1968, p. 269, Erikson, 1975,. 268-269,, 2001,. 55-70,, 1997, 39). 1.3.5.. (, 1982. 33-35,, 1999,. 195-218).,.,,,,,,... (, 1998,. 233-259). (Herbert, 1998,. 229-231) (, 1998, 257-256).,.,,,.

27,. «,,,» (, 1985,.3,. 183).,, (,.3, 1985,. 183-185). 1.3.6.. (, 2004,. 63)., (, 1991,. 2263-2264).,,... (, 1985,.3,. 190-191).,.,,., (, 2003. 145-166). 1.3.7. M. Hoffman.

28 M. Hoffman.,. Hoffman,, (, 2003. 117-131).,. Hoffman -..,.., (, 2003,. 119-123). 1.3.8.. (, 2003. 461-480).,, (, 1982,. 33). Eysenck,, (, 2003. 34). ( &, 2004,. 340-343).

1.3.9. H. Maslow C. Rogers. 29 Maslow Rogers,,. (, 2005,. 33-35),, (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001,. 235-305,, 1999,. 35-64). Rogers Maslow «,,,..» (, 1995,. 75).,. Maslow.. (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001. 287-288). C. Rogers (1969). C. Rogers,,., (, 1999,. 35-48).

30,,. 1.3.10... :..,,.,» (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001. 30-31). ; ;,, ; :.......,,

31,. :,,,..,,,.. (Kyhl, 1998, 37-56).,,., C. Rogers H. Maslow, - (Lawrence A. Pervin & Oliver P. John, 2001. 287-288).

32 2 :. 2.1. ;,,.,,,,,..,,,,...(, 2005). (, 1996,. 13-40)., (K, 1969,. 3-9).,,,,,,..,.,, - (, 1999,. 9-15)..,,,

33. ; ; ;,.,,,.., ;,,,, ;, ; ; ; ;, ; ;,, ; (., 1996,. 153-154). «- -,,,,,» (, 1999,. 13)...

34,,, (, 1996,.,. 73-86).,,..,, (, 1999,. 17-24). (, 1999,. 18-20,, 1996,.,.58).,.,.,.,.,.,,, (, 1998,.,. 22-27).,. (, 1999,. 18-20).,,..

35,.,, ( AFEE, 1997,. 9-271).,.,,,..,,. (, 1999,. 20-21) :,,, (AFFE, 1997,. 19-68)..,,. (, 1998,. 208-215).,, (, 1996,,. 411-428). 2.2...,.,

36. (.., P G.,. 892-897).,,...,.., ( P G., 88. 1657AC).. :, (, 1995,. 212-220,, 1996,. 25-41).....,...,......, ( ),.

37, (AFFE. 1997,. 248).,..,,., (, 2009,. 188-201).... : «.,,» (. 260)..,,. (, 2009,. 261). Piaget Kohlberg.,.... Piaget Kohlberg -.

,. 38 2.3.. To.., o.,,,,,. 13-14 (, 1996,. 55-65)..,,. -,,, (, 1993,. 20-29)., Goldman (, 1998,. 50-60).,.,,,,,

39. «,,,» (, 1996,. 60-61). 2.3.1.. R. Goldman, Piaget (, 2007,. 57-115). Piaget. (, 1996, 55-65., 1995,. 38-48,, 1998,. 50-60). Fowler (1981). Fowler. «Fowler» (, 2005,. 121)..,,.. Fowler (Fowler, 1981, pp. 3 31).

40 Goldman (, 1996, 55-65., 1995,. 38-48,, 1998,. 50-60) Fowler (1981) Oser (1980). ( 7-8 ). Goldman,. Fowler.(1980)...,. (8-14 ).,.,.,,,,,. 13-14. O Fowler (Fowler, 1980, p.70). Oser.. Oser

41,., (Oser, 1980 p. 292)..,.,. ( 14 )..,,,. -,, (, 1993,. 20-29). Fowler.. Fowler (Fowler, 1980, p. 76). Oser.., (Oser, 1980 p. 293-294).

42 2.3.2.., (, 1992,. 154-156). «.,,,,» (, 1980,. 62).,,.,., «,»,,,., (Herbert, 1998,. 38-39). 2.4. :. ( 2004 27-46).,,..,.

43.,,,,... «,.,..,» (, 2004,. 29-30)..,,,.,. (., 1995.1,. 102-103) (, 2004,. 30-32). :....

44 ( 1, 31) ( 1. 26,27). J.J. Rousseau,. (,. 1, 1985,. 21),,. (Rogers, 1969)...,.,. (. 11,1).,..,,,.,. M. Hoffman (, 2003. 117-131).,. «,» (. 7,12).

45,.,, (B. Joyce et al., pp. 230-249).,... (Tomlinson 2004,, 2004)..,.,.,.,,..,.,,.

46 3 :. 3.1.., (, 2004, Herbert, 1997,, 1992,. 113-172, anks,. 119-123,, 2006,. 195-230). : «,,» (,., 1,3 PG 54,631). (,., 8.9, PG 60,453). (,., 6.2, PG 54,607),,, (,., 21.4 PG 152). : (, 1985,.3,. 183-191). ) :,..,, (Jackson, 1993,. 196-208,, 1996). ) : (, 1995,. 94-95).

47,.,,, (, 1991,. 94).,,.,. (, 1998,. 239-251). ). (, 1997. 235-236, Fontana, 1994,. 95-96),,. (Herbert, 1999,. 263).,,,.,.,.,. (, 1998,. 241-258). ). (, 1976,. 21-30,,., 2000,. 330 338),, : «,,,»

48 (, 1985,.3,. 189-190).,,.,.,.,,,,,..,. (Fontana, 1994,. 117-118). O,., (Fontana, 1996,. 440-444,, 1998,. 525-545).,,. «,.,» (, 2005,. 49). «.» ( 2005. 49).

49. (, 2009,. 149-163,, 1999,. 19 40). (, 1995,. 205-211).,.. «,» (, 2005,. 151)..,.,, (, 2009,. 149-163)..., (, 1999).,,,, (Herbert, 1999,. 201-210).,, (,,.. ),,.,., (. ),

50.,. (, 1998,. 513-522, M. Herbert, 1999,. 198-286). 3.2... (,. 21.4 PG 62,152) «.,» (, 2008,. 11).. : «,». (,. 4,8 PG 48,671)., (,. 60,3 PG 54, 523) (,, 56 PG 313, 317).,,.. Maria Montessori

51 : «,.,,,,,» (Montessori, 1956, pp. 253-254).,. : «,,...,.,,,...,... :,.» (, 2003,. 212-213 430 431). 3.3.., (, 1984,. 20 23,, 2000,. 321-326). : «,» (,., 57,4 PG 67, 578) : (,., 57,6 PG 59,314).,.

, (, 2003. 295-296). 52 3.4.. (, 2004)..,, (, 1998,. 298-305).,.,,,,., (, 1998,. 298-304).., (Herber, 1998,. 58-63,, 2004,. 172-192),.,,.,,.,,,.,

53,, (, 1991,. 44-53).. (, 2004,. 476),.,,,,,,,,.,, (, 2004. 172-192).,,. (, 2004,. 482-483).,,.,,.,,. «,., baby-sitter» (,1998,. 305). 3.5.. : «

54 ( ), ;» (,. 59,7 PG 58,84) : «,,,» (,, SC188,104).,. (,., 1,6 PG 56,21) (,., 2,2 PG 62, 672). (, 2004,. 536-564)...,.,, «;» «;».,, (Moustakas, Perry, 1986. 111-163,, 1985,, 2007).,,. «,,,.,,.» (, 1998,. 239). (, 1998, 241-251, Fontana, 1996, 292-297 ).

55,.,,.,. (Tomlinson 2004,, 2004). «,,.,,» (, 1998,. 250).,.,.,,,.,,.,, Kohlberg., (, 2000,. 289-301, 1993. 159-171). «.

56» (Fontana, 1996,. 296).,.,,,,.,,..,.,..,,.,.,,,,,,. «,,,» (Fontana, 1995,. 292).,,,

57.,,,. : «,,.,» (,.,., 3,4, PG 54, 523).,,.,,. 3.6..,.,, (B. Joyce et al., p 230). (Project) (, 2006)...,

. (B. Joyce et al., p 230) 58 3.6.1.1.., (B. Joyce et al., pp. 230-249, C. Moustakas C. Perry, 1986. 108-118, Vugosky, 2000,. 157-177 ),,.,,,,,. (B. Joyce et al., p. 229). (B. Joyce et al., pp. 232-233).......

59 5-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.......... 1.... 2... 9. B. Joyce et al., pp. 230-249,,

60 (B. Joyce et al., p. 237)...,.,,.. ( B. Joyce et al., p. 249).,. (B. Joyce et al., p. 232).,....

61...,,,,. 3.6.1.2. Project, «,,» (Frey, 1986,, 2006,. 23-24).,.. (, 2006,. 24). «,,,» (, 2006,. 25).,

62. (, 2004,. 449-451).. (, 2004). : (, 2004,. 449 478,, 2006),.,..,..,....,.

63. 45.,., Project (, 2004,. 459 461,, 2006,. 261-264),. :.. :..,..... : -.. :... :...

64 :.. :. 3.6.1.3...,,,..,. (B. Joyce et al., p. 251).. ( B. Joyce et al., p. 251). Model of teaching (B. Joyce et al., pp. 257-261). -..

65,,.,.....

4. A. 66 4.1.., (, 1998,. 76-77)., (Tomlinson, 2004,. 7-10)..., (, 2002,, 2001,. 294-304). «.» (Ausubel, 1968,. 297)..,,,..,..,,,.

67,.,,. 4.2... Piaget Kohlberg. (, 1990,, 1998).,,. 20..,.., 257. :. L. Kohlberg,.,.,,.

68.. 4.3...,,...,,,...,,. 4.4.. 2010. 257.., 1, 2 6. 257, 127 130..,.

6 69 7 4.5... SPSS 12. SPSS 12,, EXCEL 2007.

70 4.6. : 1. 12, Piaget,. 2.... 3.,, 60%, 30% 10%. 4.,, 50%, 40% 10%. 5.,, 40% 60%. 6.,, 70% 30%. 7. B,, 80% 20%. 8.,,,,. 9.,,,. 10.,,,,.

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77 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 :,, 60%, 30% 10%.. : 14. (7%), (28%). (65%),,.

78 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 :,, 50%, 40% 10%.. 15. : (4%),. 52% 44%..

79 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 :,, 40% 60%... 16. (2%), (39%) (59%)..

80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 :,, 70% 30%.. : 17. : (5%), (22%) (73%)..

81 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 : B,, 80% 20%.. : 18. : (3%), (15%) (82%)..

82 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 :,,,,.. : 19 125., 67 (54%).. :,., 67. 50%..,,,,.,, (.,,. 24-25).

83 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 :,,,.. : 20. :,,,. (.,,. 46-47). (61%) 257,,,. 27%,, 9%,. (3%).

84 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 :,,.. : 21. : (.,,. 46-50). 77%., (11%), (7%) (5%).

85 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 :,,.. : 22. : (,., 8.9, PG 60,453).,. 60%,,. 33%,,. 9%,.

86 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 :,,.. : 23. :. (51%) (49%).

87 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 :,,.. : 24. :,, : «ὐ ὲ ὰ ὕ ό, ὡ ί ὰ» (,., 57,4 PG 67, 578). 80% 19%.

88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 :,,.. : 25. : 15%. 26%, 42%. 17%.

89 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 :,.. : 26. :, (.,,. 52-53). 90%,,,,. 12%.

90 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 :,,.. : 27. :. (.,,. 52-53) 90%,, 10%.

91 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 :,,,,.. : 28..,,, (.,,. 27-28). 77%,,

92. 14% 10 (4%).

93 5. 12, Piaget.,,.,,. (.,,. 17-18)......,,...,.,, (.,,. 24-25).,,

94,.,,....,,,.,,.,,. (.,,. 46-50)....,.,,.,,.,.,,, (.,,. 53-57).

95.,...,.,...,, Kohlberg.,,,.,...,,,,,,.,,..., (.,,. 50-51).

96,..,,.,.,,.,,, (.,,. 52-53). baby-sitter,.,,. ( 1, 31) ( 1. 26,27).,,., C. Rogers H. Maslow, -.

97 1....14 2. Kohlberg.18 3. Kohlberg..20 4. Kohlberg...21 5...59 6..69 7....69 8. 1 72 9. 2...73 10. 2.74 11. 2.75 12. 1 76 13..76 14...77 15...78 16...79 17....80 18....81 19...82 20. 9....83 21. 10.84 22. 11..85 23. 12.86 24. 13.87 25. 14.88 26. 15.89 27. 16.90 28. 17.91

98 : :,. 1,98 2, 23 PG 31, 892-897, PG. 88, 1657 AC,. 59,7 PG 58,584,. 59,4 PG 57,578,, SC 188,104,., 1,6 PG 62,672,., 2,2 PG 62,672,., 3,4 PG 54,523,., 1,3 PG 54, 631,., 8,9 PG 60,453,. 6.2 PG 54, 607,., 60,3 PG 54, 523,., 21,4 PG 62, 152,,., 4,8 PG 48, 671, PG 56, 313, 317,., 57,6 PG 59, 314 :., (2000),, :.., (2006), :.., (1996), :.., (1993), :.., (1996), :.., (1999), :

99., (1996), :. +, (1998), (,,,.) :.., (1978), :, :., (2003),.., (1991) -,,. 4 :., (1999) -,.., (1996),.., (1996),. 2, (..) :.., (1998),,.., (1996), :.., (1998), :.., (2007), :., (1975),..., (2003),.,., (1991), :.., (1998), :.,., (2003),.,., (1984),..,(2008),.

100.,(2005), :..,(2009), :.., (1998), :.,., (2006), :.., (1995), :.., (1997), :.., (2008), :.., (2001), :.., (2002), 2, :.., (2007), :.., (1983),.., (2004), : Guteberg.., (2001), :.., (2004) :,.., (1999),,.., (1992)..., (1987)..., (2004) :

101,., (1998), :., (1995), :.., (2004), :.. (2001), :.. (1999), :..., (1995), :.., (2006), :.., (2000 ),., : Guteberg..., (2000 ),., : Guteberg..., (2001), :.., (1996),., :.., (1996),., :.., (2004) :,.., (2005), :.., (2009), :.., (1998), :.

102., (1999), :..,. :, 2004, 563 564.., (1982 ),, :.., (1982 ),, :.., (1996), :.., (1992), :.., (1997), :.., (2005), :., (1996), :., (2003),.., (1995). 1, :.., (1995). 2. :.., (1976). :.., (1991 ),,. 4 :.., (1991 ),,. 4 :.., (1995),. 1,.., (1985),. 2,.., (1985),. 3,.., (1998), :.

103., (2007), :.., (2005), :.., (1998)..., (1990),.., (2004) ; :,.., (2000), :.., (2007), :..., (2004) :, - :,...., (1995), :.., (1985), :. : Affe W., (1997), (.) :. Ausubel D., (1968) Educational Psychology, A cognitive view, N.York: Reinhart., (2001), : Banks, O.,., (..) :.

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