bmsxm-cp-d pw simsp- m-xn-cn- p-i-bpw, ka -amb

` - m-cpss Zpcn-X-߃ Hgn-hm- inh-tu-bp-ssbpw k]- Svs\- -dp-ssbpw IY-Iƒ Cu A ymbw XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Btcm tla-zv]m- nt\msv kmbn-_m_ Kpcpthm kzvkp-cpthm F p tnmzn p AXn-\p-Ø-c-ambn kzvkp-cp-hns e -W-sØ-] n tla-zv ]m v ]d-bp- p. kzvkp-cp-hns e -W-߃ \sω thz-ßfpw thzm- -ßfpw Bdpimkv{X-߃ ]Tn- n- p-i-bpw, {]mwm-bmaw snbvxpw, tzl-ß-fn hnjvwpap{z (temlw ]gp- n v sh v) D m- p-ibpw, {_ -s\-] n a[p-c-{]-`m-j-w-߃ \S-Øp-I-bpw, injy- m v at{ m-]- tziw snbvxv Hcp {]txyi kwjy-hsc Dcp- -gn- m \n t±in- p-i-bpw, AtX kabw A{Xbpw Dcp- -gn- m-ep ^esø- n bmsxm-cp-d pw simsp- m-xn-cn- p-i-bpw, ka -amb

hm p-iƒsim v kpμ-c-amb cq]-øn ]c-amfl XXzsØ h Æn- p-ibpw AtX-k-abw kz -amb A\p-`-h-ßtfm {_ - m-\tam C m-xn-cn- p-ibpw snøp Bƒ kzvkpcp A. bmsxm-cp-h Xs {]`m-j-ww-sim v \Ωn Cl- Ønepw ]c-øn-ep-ap t`mky-ß-fn A\m-k n hf Øp- I-bpw, \ap v {_ - m\w kºm-zn- p- -Xn Xmev]-cyap- m- n-x-cn-ibpw {]mtbm-kn-i-ambpw ssk m- n-i-ambpw X -Øm A\p-`-h-k-º- -\m-bn-cn- p-ibpw snøp- pthm At±lw kzvkpcp F ÿm\-øn-\ l-\m-wv. kz -ambn {_ - m-\-an- m-ø-h Fßs\ AXv injy\v \ Ipw? kzvkpcp kz]vt\]n injy-\n \n pw bmsxmcp tkh-\tam em`tam {]Xo- n- p- n-. At±lw Xm alm\pw injy Ffn-b-h-\p-am-sW v Icp-Xp- n-. injys\ ]p{x-\n hntijw Icp-Xn, X\n p Xpey\pw {_ -hp-am-sw- mwv At±lw hniz-kn- p- -Xv. kzvk-cp-cp-hns {][m\ e Ww At±lw im n-bpss Bhm-k-tI-{μ-am-bn-cn- p-sa- mwv. At±lw Hcn- epw hn{i-a-lo-\-amtbm ]cn{`m n-tbm-sstbm s]cp-am-dp-i-bn-. kz w ]mwvun-xy-øn K Δp-an-. Zcn- {Z\pw [\n-i\pw Ffnbh\pw alm\pw F mw At±-l-Øn\v Htc-t]m-se-bm-Wv. tla-zv]m v Icp-Xp- -Xv, ap P -kp-ir-x-ß-sf-s m- mwv X\n v C{Xbpw alm-flm-hmb Hcp kzvkp-cp-hmb kmbn-_m-_sb I p-ap- m\pw A\p-{Klw hmßm\pw Ign- -sx- m-wv. ]q Æ buh-\-øn t]mepw _m_ (Nnenw A m-sx) bmsxm pw kºm-zn- m t\m n-bn-. _m_ v 2

IpSpw-_-tam, kplr-tøm, hotsm, a m-ew-_tam C. ]Xns\- p-h-b- n Xs _m_-bpss at\m-\n-b-{ Ww A\n-Xc-km-[m-c-Whpw ]cn-]q Æ-hp-am-bn-cp- p. A pw \n `-b-\mbn hnp-\-ÿ-e-øn-cp v Bfl-\n [ym\-\n-c-x-\m-bn-cn- p-am-bncp- p. ` - m-cpss ]cn-ip kvt\l-øn Xev]-c-\mbn Ah-cpsS KpW-Øn-\p-th n ]cn-{i-an- p-sim- n-cp- -Xn-\m Hcp Af-thmfw _m_ ` - msc B{i-bn- n-cp- p-sh p ]d-bmw. _m_ Pohn- n-cn- p-tºmgpw alm-k-am-[n- p-tijhpw alm-\p-`-h-߃ h Æ-\m-Xo-X-ß-fm-Wv. ` - m sntø- Xv C{X-am-{X-am-Wv. Ah hnizm-khpw ` nbpw kωn-fn-x-amb lrz-b-zo-]-øns Xncn-\o- n-sim-sp- p-hm Xøm-dm-bn. AXn t{]a-øns ssiøncn IØn- p-sh- m, hn m-\-øns Zo]-in-J, tim`-tbm-sp-iqsn sh n-øn-f-ßpw. t{]a-iq-\y-amb ]mwvunxyw htc- -Xm-Wv. B pw AØcw ]mwvunxyw Bh-iy-an-. t{]a-iq-\y-x-bn kwxr- ]vxn-bn-. AXp-sIm v \ap v Ahn-On- hpw koam-xo-x-hpamb t{]a-amwv th -Xv. Cu t{]asø Fßs\ h Æn- m Ignbpw? as pw AXn-\p-ap- n \njv-{]-`-ß-fm-wv. t{]a-c-ln-x-ambn snøp hmb-\bpw {ih-whpw ]T-\-hpsa mw \njv{]-tbm-p-\-am-wv. t{]aw DW m ` n-bpw, \n w-k-`m-h-hpw, kam-[m-\hpw ap nbpw Ah-bpsS F m kº- -X-I-tfmSpw i n-tbmspw IqSn Xs FØn-t -cp- p. \mw Bflm -ambn ]cn-{i-an- msx Cu ip -t{]aw ssihcp- -X-. FhnsS ip -amb B{K-lhpw A\p-`q-Xn-bp-apt m AhnsS sszhw {]Xy- -s -Sp- p. AXn t{]ahpw Dƒs m v AXv tam -am -am-bn-øo-cp- p. 3

C\n \ap v Cu A ym-b-ønse {][m\ IY-bn-te v as-ßmw. GsX- nepw Hcmƒ ]cn-ip a\- m-setbm A msxtbm Hcp Ejn-bpsS ASp- t]mbn ]mz-ß-fn \a-kvicn- m Ah-km\w Abmƒ c -s -Sp-sa- p-d- m-wv. AXv Xmsg ImWp IY-sIm v DZm-l-cn- -s -Sp- p. anã inhtu A tim- p-im-c-\mb k]-svt\-, \nbaw ]Tn- p- I-bm-bn-cp p Hcp kxo y\mb inhsu Abmsf I p. a p kxo y- mcpw Ah-tcm-sSm w tn v ]co- - p hnj-b-ß-sf-] n N -snbvxp Aßs\ kwkm-cn- Xn inhsu H pw Imcy-ambn ]Tn- n- n-s v I v F m-hcpw Abmsf ]cn-l-kn- p. Abm-f-Xn\v Xm ]Tn- n- n-s - nepw kmbn-_m_ Xs klm-bn- p-sa pw ]co- -bn Xm Pbn- p-sa pw Xo Øp-]-d- p. k]-svt\- CXv ti v AXni-bn- p. Abmƒ inh-susb hnfn- v, Abmƒ C{X Imcyambn ]d-bp kmbn-_m_ Bcm-sW v tnmzn- p. Abm-f- Xn\v ""jn ±n-bnse Hcp akvpn-±n Hcp ^ o Xma-kn- p- p- v. ^ o Hcp alm k ]p-cp-j-\m-wv. a p ]e Ejnam-cp-ap- m-bn-cn- mw. ^ o AZzn-Xo-b-\m-Wv. AXy-[nIw ]q Δ-P- -kp-ir-x-ap- -h s ^ o-dns\ ImWm Xs ] p-i-bp- q. Rm ^ odn ]q Æ-ambn hniz-kn- p- p. ^ o ]d- m shdp-sx-bm-hn-. ^ o Xo Øp ]d- n- p v Rm ASp-Ø-h jw Pbn- p-sa- v. Ah-km\ ]co -bn ^ odns A\p-{K-lw-sIm v Rm Pbn pw'' k]-svt\- kplr-øns hnizmkw I v ]p n v Abmsfbpw kmbn-_m-_-sbbpw Ifn-bm n Nncn- p. 4

k]-svt\- dpw IpSpw-_hpw k]-svt\- ]co- -bn Pbn v A tim- n h o-embn {]mivsokv XpS-ßn. CXn\v 10 sim -߃ p tijw 1913- Abm-fpsS GI-]p-{X sxm -tcm-k-øn acn- p. Abmƒ Xv hf-sc-b-[niw lrz-b-øn sim- p. kam- [m-\-øn-\p-th n ] ]q, KwKm-]q apxemb ÿeß-fn-te v Xo -bm{x t]mbn. a\-»m n F n pw In n-bn-. ]n osv thzm w ]Tn- p. F n pw KpW-ap- m-bn-. At mƒ inh-su-bpss hm p-ifpw Abm-fpsS _m_-bn-ep hnizm-khpw Hm Ωbn h v X\n pw jn ±n-bn t]mbn _m_sb ImW-W-sa v B{Klw P\n- p. Abmƒ A\p- P ]WvUn v dmhp-hn-t\bpw Iq n jn ±n-bn t]mbn _m_sb Zqsc-sh v I n- p-xs hfsc k p-jvs-\m-bn. Abmƒ ASp-Øp-sN v ` n-tbm-sp-iqsn \a-kvi-cn v Hcp \mfnticw ImWn- -sh- -t mƒ _m_ ""IS- pt]m'' F -e-dn. k]-svt\- Xe XmgvØn Ahn-Sp v amdn Hcn-S-Øn-cp- p. Abmƒ v C\n F p snø-w-sa v Btcm-sS- nepw tnmzn- -W-sa- p- m-bn-cp- p. Btcm _me-jnw-]nsb ImWm ]d- p. k]vs-t\- AbmsfI v klmbw At]- n- p. Ah _m_-bpss ]S-߃ hmßn Ah-bp-ambn akvpn-±n h p. _me-jnw]n AXn Hcp t^mt m FSpØv _m_ v simspøv AXm-cpsS t^mt m BsW v tnmzn- p. _m_ B t^mt m Abm-fpsS Pmc-s -Xm-sW v ]d v k]-svt\- sd Nq n- m- n. _me-jnw-]n, _m_-tbmsv Nncn- -Xns Dt±iw Fs v tnmzn v k]-svt\- sd ASp- hnfn v Z i\w snøm ImWn- p. k]-svt\- \a-kvi-cn- m XpS- 5

ßp-tºmƒ _m_ ho pw ""IS- pt]m'' F -e-dn. k]-svt\- v F p-sn-ø-w-sa- -dn-bm-sx-bm-bn. ]n o-s-h c pt]cpw ssiiq n _m_-bpss ap n-en-cp p {]m n m XpS-ßn. _m_ Ah-km-\-am-bn, k]-svt\- -tdmsv DSs\ IS- p-t]m-hm-\mbn Xo Øp ]d- p. c p-t]cpw ZpxJn-Xcpw \ncm-i-cp-am-bn. _m_-bpss Iev]\ ASpØ {]mh-iy-sa- nepw Z i\w In m A\p-hmZw Xcs F p {]m n v jn ±n-hn- p. ankn v k]-svt\- Hcp sim w Ign p F n pw Abmƒ p a\-»m- nbp- m-bn-. Abmƒ KwKm-]q-cn t]m-bn. AhnsSsh p IqSp- X a\- -am-[m-\-an- m-xm-bn. ]n osv am\nkm-thm-wn hn{ia-øn-\p-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-\n v Imin- p-t]m-bn. t]mhp- -Xn\v c p Znh-k-߃ v apºv Abm-fpsS `mcy v Hcp Z i-\-ap- mbn. kz]v\-øn, Ah Hcp IpS-hp-ambn e -Uvjm-bpsS InW-dn-\-Sp- -te p t]mhp-i-bm-bn-cp- p. AhnsS Hcp th pa-c- p-h- n Ccn- p-, Xe-bn Hcp XpWn-sI- nb ^ o Ah-cpsS ASp- h p ]d- p. Fs {]nb-s tamsf! F n\m shdpsx own- p- Xv? Rm \ns ]m{x- Øn ip -Pew \nd p-xmcw'' Ah ^ odns\ t]sn v Imen- m-{x-hp-ambn as-ßn-t m- p. ^ o ]n mse h p. At m-tg pw DW v IÆv Xpd- p. Ah Cu Z i-\-sø- ] n ` Øm-hn-t\mSv ]d- p. CsXmcp ip`-kq-n-\-bm-bn- cp-xn, Ah c p-t]cpw jn ±nbn-te p ]pd-s - p. Ah akvpn-±n h -t mƒ _m_-bn- m-bn-cp- p. _m_ se n 6

txm -Øn-te p t]mbn-cp- p. _m_ hcp- -Xp-hsc ImØp- \n- p. _m_ h -t mƒ Xs kz]v\-øn I ^ o Xs -bmwv _m_ F v I v, an n v k]-svt\- hnkvabn- p. Ah _lp am\-tømss _m_sb \a-kvi-cn v Im Ccp- p. Ah-cpsS ` n-hn-\-b-߃ I v _m_ k p-jvs-\mbn {]txy-i-x-c-øn as m-cm-tfm-smbn Hcp IY ]d- p. ""Fs ssiifpw hbdpw Ac-s pw hfsc Imeambn thz-\n- p- p. Rm ]e acp- p-iƒ Ign- n pw thz\ amdn-bn-. Hcp KpWhpw In m- n v F\n v acp- p-iƒ asp- Øp. ]s Ct mƒ F m thz-\bpw s]s v amdn-b-xn- \m Rm hnkva-bn- p-i-bmwv''. t]scm pw ]d- n-s - nepw AXv an n v k]-svt\- -dpss IY-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS F m thz-\-ifpw DSs\ amdn, Ah k p-jvs-bm-bn. ]n osv k]vsvt\- Z i-\-øn-\mbn sn p. _m_ apº-sø-t]mse-xs ""IS- pt]m'' F p ]d- p. C{]m-hiyw Abmƒ IqSp-X im \pw D m-ln-bp-am-bn-cp- p. Xs ]q Δ-I Ω ^e-am-bmwv _m_ Aßs\ ]d-bp- -sx pw Xm AXn\v {]Xn-hn[n snøp-sa pw Abmƒ ]d- p. Abmƒ _m_sb H - p-i v ]q Δ-I Ω-߃ p am p tnmzn- m \n -bn- p. Aßs\ Abmƒ snbvxp. Abmƒ inc v _m_-bpss ]mz-ß-fn sh- -t mƒ _m_ Xe-bn ssish v A\p-{Kln- p. Abmƒ _m_-bpss Imep-Iƒ Xtem-Sn-sIm- n-cp- p. At mƒ Hcp CS-b-s h p _m_-bpss Ac-s v Xtem- Sn-s m- n-cp- p. _m_ Xs kzm`m-hn-i-amb coxn-bn Hcp _\n-b-bpss IY ]d-bm XpSßn. Abm-fpsS Pohn-X-Ønse ]e Imcy-ßfpw ]d- -Xn Abm-fpsS GI-]p-{X acn- p- 7

sh pw ]d- p. k]-svt\- _m_ ]d-bp- Xv Xs IYbm-sW pw _m_ Ah Fßs\ Adn psh pw IcpXn hnkva-b-s - p. _m_ k Δm- øm-anbpw F m-h-cp-ssbpw lrz-b-øn-ep- Xv Adn-bp tzl-hp-am-sw- -bmƒ v t_m y-am-bn. Cu hnnmcw a\- n-ep-zn DSs\ _m_ CS-bs -Æn-t\m-Smbn k]-svt\- sd Nq n-sim v Cßs\ ]d p: ""Ch Rm\mWv Ahs ais\ sim -sx v Fs Ip -s -Sp-Øp- p. Rm P\-ß-fpsS Ip n-isf sim ept m? Chs\- n-\mwv akvpn-±n h p Ic-bp- Xv? Rm Hcp Imcyw snømw. Rm AtX ai-s\-xs Ahs `mcybpss K `-]m-{x-øn-te v ho pw sim p-hcmw CXpw ]d v Abm-fpsS Xe-bn ssish p A\p-{K-ln p ]d- p. ""Cu ]mz-߃ {]mno-\-ßfpw ]pwy-ß-fp-am-wv. \n\- n\n H pw `b-s -Sm-\n-. F n F m hnizm-khpw A n- pi \ns Imcyw km[n pw'' k]-svt\- hnim-c-hn-pyw- `o-x-\mbn _m_-bpss ]mz-߃ IÆo sim v IgpIn a\- -am-[m-\-tømss Xma-k-ÿ-e-tØ v as-ßn. ]n o-s-bmƒ ]qp pw ss\th-zy-øn\pw Hcp n `mcytbm-sp-iqsn akvpn-±n-te p h p. \nxyhpw _m_sb ]qpn v _m_tbmsv {]kmzw hmßpw. akvpn-±n Bƒ q- -ap- m-bncp- p. k]-svt\-, akvpn-±n t]mbn _m_sb ho pw ho pw hw-ßpw. Xe-Iƒ XΩn Iq n-ap- p- Xv _m_, k]- Svt\- -tdmsv ]d p: ""F n-\mwv \o Ft mgpw h v \akv -cn- p- -Xv. ` n-tbmspw kvt\l-tømspw IqSn snøp Hcp \a-kvimcw axn-bt m''. A p cm{xn k]-svt\- NmhSn Fgp- - Øv I p. B Fgp- - -Øn _m_ ]mwvup-c- 8

-s\-t m-se-bm-bn-cp- p. ]nt p t]mhm ka-bøv k]-svt\- Hcp-dp- n-i- IqSn simsp- m\pw as- -bm-{x v th Xv Icp-Xm\pw Xocpam-\n- p. akvpn-±n t]mbn 1 I. Z nw simsp-ø-t mƒ Abmƒ Dt±-in- -t]mse _m_ Hcp-dp- n-i-iqsn Z nw tnmzn- p-hm-ßn. Abmsf A\p-{K-ln p ]d p ""Cu \mfn-ticw FSp-tØm-fq, AXv `mcy-bpss asn-bn sh Ww a\- -am-[m- \-tøm-sp-iq-snbpw \n `-b-cmbpw s]mbvt m-fn ''. Abmƒ Aßs\ {]hr-øn- p. Hcp sim -Øn-\Iw Ah v Hcp ai P\n- p. Ah\v F p-amkw {]mb-ap-f-f-t mƒ ai-s\-bpw-sim v ho pw jn ±n-bn h v Ip nsb _m_-bpss ]mz-ß-fn sh v C{]-Imcw {]m n- p. ""kmbn-\mym! R߃s -ß-s\- bmwv Ahn-Sp-tØm-Sp IS- msv Xo t - -sxt m \μn ]d-tb- -sxt m Adn-bn-. AXp-sIm v R߃ Ahn- SpsØ ap n {]Wmaw snøp-i- am{xw snøp- p. km[p- fpw \n m-lm-b-cp-amb Rßsf A\p-{K-ln- m-epw. Ahn- SpsØ ]pwy-ß-fmb ]mz-߃ am{x-amwv Rß-fpsS A`-bÿm-\w. ]e Nn -Ifpw Rßsf Pm{K-Ønepw kz]v\-ønepw Ae- p- p. Rß-fpsS a\- ns\ Ah-bn \n pw th s]- SpØn Aß-bpsS `P-\-bn hym]r-x-am n Rßsf A\p- {K-ln mepw''. ai\v apc-fo-[ F p t]cn- p. ]n osv c p-t]cpw IqSn (`m-kvidpw Zn\Idpw) ]nd- p. k]-svt\- Zº-Xn-am v _m_-bpss hm p-iƒ Hcn- epw shdp-sx-bm-hn-s v t_m y-s - p. {io kmbnsb \b-an- p-hn temi-im n `hn- s! 9