Islamization and Politicians in Indonesia: An Analysis of the and Regional People s Representative Council Elections M>>8=> Ken* The ruling Golkar party dominated the political scene during the Suharto era, but recently political power has been contested among various parties, including Islamic parties that emerged in the election. Some analysis of that election is still focused on a dichotomy between secular and Islamic parties, the so-called aliran politics of the s. There is also an argument that political elites formed during the Suharto era have persisted even after the reformasi in. This article, through an analysis of profiles of members elected to the Regional People s Representative Council DPRD in and, argues that aliran politics has been fading away and that new politicians have been emerging slowly. Although no longer dominant, Golkar has widened its base and absorbed some Islamic votes, while the new Islamic parties attract the relatively higher educated and some business elites. Thus Islamization is not directly related to the emergence of Islamic parties. Old political elites have also maintained their influence within both secular and Islamic parties, and various organizations dating from the Suharto era have been recruiting local elites. The increasing number of swing votes, largely consisting of urban people, is accelerating the shift in political elites. Keywords: Post-Soeharto Indonesia, Islam, Islamism, Islamization, political elite, political party, general elections I Faculty of Policy Studies, Iwate Prefectural University, Takizawa-aza-sugo, Takizawa, Iwate Japan e-mail: kendjokobd.so-net.ne.jp 98
Robison and Hadiz ; + 99
Roy ; ; ; van Bruinessen Sidel PDI-P PPP PKB PAN PBB PK PD PKS, International Crisis Group Jamhari Abuza 100
; II NU PNI PKI PSI - LIPI KPU. / NU NU Parmusi Persis DDII 101
NU NU PPP PNI PDI 102 0 1 NU PKI PNI NU / Geertz 2 HMI Yes No! NU
NU NU NU Haidar : 3 Partaipartai Islam partai berbasis massa Islam Sabili,.. 103
Poros Tengah NU III Partai Islam Hassan ; 104
IAIN NU IAIN AMPI Kosgoro KNPI AMPI KNPI IV LSI 105
LSI PDS V NU NU / LSI 106
NU NU NU NU NU NU NU NU PBR NU NU 107
NU HMI HMI HMI HMI HMI HMI KAMMI ICMI ICMI MUI DMI BKPRMI DMI BKPRMI HMI PII ICMI MUI PII HMI KAMMI KAMMI KAMMI KAMMI KAMMI BKPRMI DMI Porter NU PII HMI HMI-MPO 108
DDII Persis DDII KISDI KISDI DDII DDII DDII Sidel : Persis DDII Kompak Kompak Kompak Hefner ; Sidel Kompak 109
VI NU 110
NU KNPI HMI HMI NU ICMI DMI/BKPRMI PII ; HMI KAMMI 111
IAIN NU NU Dewan Dakwah Islamiyah Nahdlatul Wathan 112
DDII Pam Swakarsa DDII FPI Hasan : : 113
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/ * * * / 116
NU* Muhammadiyah* / ICMI MUI BKPMI/ BKPRMI/DMI PII DDII Persis HMI PMII KAMMI *NU 117
KNPI AMPI Karang Taruna / Pemuda Pancasila FKPPI Korpri Kosgoro / Gapensi Kadin/Kadinda / 118
* ** *** / * universitas, penguruan tinggi ** IAIN STAIN *** Aliyah Aliyah MAN MA Muallimin Ma had 119