/ GC-MS g L -1 GC-MS

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1 Chinese Journal of Ecology * ** / GC-MS g L g L -1 GC-MS Q A Identification of peanut root exudates and their allelopathic effects. WANG Xiao-bing 1 2 LUO Yong-ming 2 3** LIU Wu-xing 2 LI Zhen-gao 2 1 College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu China 2 Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China 3 Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Ynatai Shandong China. Chinese Journal of Ecology Abstract The root exudates of peanut collected by a modified continuous collecting device and XAD-4 ion exchange resin were identified by GC-MS and their allelophatic effects on Ralstonia solanacearum were studied. The root exudates mainly contained acetophenone glycerol benzoic acid 3 5-dimethyl benzaldehyde stearic acid palmitic acid and lactic acid among which only acetophenone had obvious promotion effect on the growth of R. solanacearum at concentration <0. 1 g L -1 and significant inhibitory effect at concentration >0. 1 g L -1. These findings could provide a credible basis for using acetophenone to control the occurrence of R. solanacearum. Key words peanut root exudates GC-MS Ralstonia solanacearum allelopathy Sorensen et al Kong * KSCX2-YW-G Gil et al. ** ymluo@ issas. ac. cn et al Li et al Senarathne et al

2 Perez & Oremeno-Nunez % 1 CRETS min 3 ~ % HgCl Ralstonia solanacearum 5 min 3 ~ d d 3 ~ 4 5 ph ms cm -1 5 ml min Teflon 10 cm cm BT100-1L 45 Toflen 10 ml 20 mm 250 mm 30 ml μm 0. 5 ~ 1. 0 mm mm GC-MS 2 ml L -1 GC- HCl 24 h 10% HCl 1 MS ph 2 ml CH 2 Cl 2 1 ml 250 μl h Teflon min 1 /10 Hoagland 16 h 25 8 h 16 60% 5 d BSTFA Sigma 75 ~ 80 1 h 1. 4 / GC-MS Agilent 7890GC- 5975MSD CTC 2010 XAD min 30 min min min 30 min min 260 Hao et al XAD-4 GC MS 280 He Sigma ml min μl 24 h mm 200 mm 190 mm 175 ml 10 ~ g 15

3 2805 g L -1 ph g L -1 1 ml 30 ml g L -1 YGPA 3 d 2 ml 10 μl 200 r min h 4 5 g L g L ph min YGPA 10 g 5 g 5 g ph Fig. 1 Cycling collection device of peanut root exudates Shen et al Hoffland et al C 14 McDougall & Rovira 1970 Shen et al d 3 ~ 4 5 d Tang & Young 1982 microdialysis 2005 / GC-MS2 2 CRETS Tang min Young m /z Teflon BSTFA m /z Teflon 73 C n H 2n+1 2 m /z m /z

4 Fig. 2 GAS-chromatogram of peanut root exudates 3 Fig. 3 GAS-chromatogram of CK 1 Table 1 Identification of peanut root exudates min % YGPA C 18 h h g L g L -1 P< g L -1 P < Uselman %

5 Table 2 Absorbance of peanut root exudates on Ralstonia solanacearum 3 5- OD g L -1 Hyder et al Fig. 4 Effect of acetophenone on Ralstonia solanacearum Tang & Young 1982 Hao et al XAD GC-MS GC-MS NMR

6 GC /MS Gil SV Meriles J Conforto C et al Response of soil microbial communities to different management practices in surface soils of a soybean agroecosystem in Argentina. European Journal of Soil Biology Hao ZP Wang Q Christie P et al Allelopathic potential of watermelon tissues and root exudates. Scientia Horticulturae Hoffland E Pindenegg GR Nelemans JA Solubilization of rock phosphate by rape Ⅱ. Plant and Soil Hyder PW Fredrickson EL Estell ME et al Transport of phenolic compounds from leaf surface of creosotebush and tarbush to soil surface by precipitation. Journal of Chemical Ecology Kong CH Wang P Zhao H et al Impact of allelochemical exuded from allelopathic rice on soil microbial community. Soil Biology and Biochemistry Li CG Li XM Kong WD et al Effect of monoculture soybean on soil microbial community in the Northeast China. Plant and Soil McDougall BM Rovira AD Sites of exudation of C-labelled compounds from wheat roots. New Phytologist Perez FJ Oremeno-Nunez J Root exudates of wild oates Allelopathic effect on spring wheat. Phytochemistry Senarathne HS Dissanayaka NM Vidhana Arachchi LP Allelopathic potential of Brachiaria brizantha and B. milliformis on seed germination of selected bioassay species. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research Shen H Wang XC Shi WM et al Isolation and identification of specific root exudates in elephant grass Pennis lium L. in response to aluminum- and iron-bound phosphates. Journal of Plant Nutrition Shen J Li H Neumann G et al Nutrient uptake cluster root formation and exudation of protons and citrate in Lupinus albus as affected by localized supply of phosphorus in a split-root system. Plant Science Sorensen RB Butts CL Rowland DL Five years of subsurface drip irrigation on peanut What have we learned Peanut Science Tang CS Young CC Collection and identification of allelopathic compounds from the undisturbed root system of Bigalta limpograss Hemarthria altissima. Plant Physiology Uselman SM Qualls RG Thoman RB Effects of increased atmospheric CO 2 temperature and soil N availability on root exudation of dissolved organic carbon by a N-fixing tree Robinia pseudoacacia L.. Plant and Soil xbwangxl@ sina. com. cn