Varietal Differences in Response of Main Root Traits to Nitrogen Application Time in Rice ( Oryza sativa L. )

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1 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA Vol. 29, No. 6 pp Nov., Ξ ( ) , 4 : (1) ; (2) N N, N ; (3), ; (4) ; (5) ; ; N : S511 ;S365 : A Varietal Differences in Response of Main Root Traits to Nitrogen Application Time in Rice ( Oryza sativa L. ) DONG Gui2Chun WANG Yu2Long 3 WANGJian2Gang CAI Hui2Rong CAI Jian2Zhong WU Hua ZHOU Xiao2Dong SHAN Yu2Hua ( Key Lab of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu , China) Abstract Pot experiment was conducted to investigate the differences in response of main root traits at heading stage and grain yield of four rice varieties, Ribenqing, Wuyunjing 8, Yangdao 6 and Shanyou 63, to nitrogen application time. Ni2 trogen fertilizer was applied as basal and as top2dressing for tillering, spikelet2promoting and spikelet2sustaining, with no nitrogen application as control. The results showed that : (1) There were significant varietal differences of root traits among different ear2type of varieties. Small2ear type variety presented superiority in number of adventitious roots and total length of the roots per plant, while large2ear type variety had superiority in dry weight of roots per plant and diameter of per adventi2 tious root ; (2) Response of number of adventitious roots per plant to nitrogen application time was similar in four varieties, i. e. earlier application was more effective. Basal N and top2dressing significantly increased dry weight and total length of adventitious roots per plant, all varieties involved in this study showed the same tendency, while significant differences in response of that to ear fertilizer were observed among the varieties. There was no significant effect of N application time on diameter of per adventitious ; (3) The positive effect of N applied during ear development on dry weight of roots & total length of the roots per plant in large2ear type variety at heading stage was greater than that in small2ear type variety, and spikelet promoting was more effective ; (4) As ear2type enlarged and grain yield increased, the number of root traits affect2 ing grain yield increased gradually ; (5) Results obtained indicated that improving the development of adventitious roots per Ξ : (00KJB21007) : ( ), E2mail : yzu. edu. cn 3 : ( ),,,,Tel : Received( ) : , Accepted( ) :

2 plant was important to increase root accumulation at heading stage and grain yield, and all varieties involved in this study showed the same tendency. Key words Rice ; Root traits ; Yield ; N application time [1 4 ] 209 mg kg - 1 ) kg, [5 9 ] 1. 2 [4,8,10 ] [9,11 ] 2 (6 ), [10 ] [12 ] (12 ) (, ) ( 1) g ( ) ( ) 63 (CK) ( ) ( 5 ) ( ) ( 20 ) g ( 20 cm, N 17 kg), , N 3 1, > > [2,12,13 25 cm 30 cm, ( > ] 1147 % 102 mg kg mg kg - 1 Table 1 1 ( Varietal differences of panicles per blant and traits adventitious roots per panicle in rice Ribenqing Wuyunjing 8 Shanyou 63 Yangdao 6 Panicles per plant a ab b b Number of adventitious roots per panicle a a a a Total length of the roots per panicle (cm) a a a a Dry weight of roots per panicle (g) C BC BA A 3 : LSD 1 %( ) 5 %( ) Significant test by LSD, figures with the same letter indicates no significant difference and that with different letter indicate significant at 1 %(capital letter) and 5 %(small letter), respectively. The same below.

3 6 : 873 Fig. 1 1 Varietal differences in dry weight & number of grains per panicle in rice Ribenqing 8 Yuyunjing 8 6 Yangdao 6 63 Shanyou Significance at 0101 level., ), N N ,, ) N ( ) 4 (, Table 2 2 Varietal differences in response of number of adventitious roots per plant to N application time ( number plant - 1 ) No nitrogen Basal N Tiller N Spikelet promoting Spikelet sustaining Means of varieties Ribenqing b a a a ab A 8 Wuyunjing C A A B B B 6 Yangdao B A A B B B 63 Shanyou C A A BC C B Means of treatments C A A B B Varieties treatments Significance at level. 3 3 Table 3 3 Varietal differences in response of total length of roots per plant to N application time ( cm plant - 1 ) No nitrogen Basal N Tiller N Spikelet promoting Spikelet sustaining Means of varieties Ribenqing a a a a a A 8 Wuyunjing b a a ab ab B 6 Yangdao C A AB BC C BA 63 Shanyou b a a a a BA Means of treatments C A A BA BC Varieties treatments Significance at level.

4 Table 4 4 Varietal differences in response of dry weight of roots per plant to N application time ( g plant - 1 ) No nitrogen Basal N Tiller N Spikelet promoting Spikelet sustaining Means of varieties Ribenqing b ba a b b C 8 Wuyunjing b b a b b B 6 Yangdao B A A B B A 63 Shanyou b a a a ba A Means of treatments C BA A BC C Varieties treatments Significance at level. Fig. 2 2 Varietal differences in response of traits of per adventitious root to N application time No N Basal N, Tiller N Spikelet Promoting Spikelet Sustaining.,The same below N 6, N 6, 8 63, N ( 3) > > > 2,, 8 6

5 6 : 875 Fig. 3 3 N Effects of N application time on grain yield in rice ( ) ( ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 63) ( ) ( 8 ) ( 4) ( 6 ) ( 63) ( g g g g ; ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( ( 63), 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 63) ( 5), 1 cm , g g g ; 4 Fig. 4 The correlation between number of adventitious roots per plant and yield 5 Fig. 5 The correlation between total length of roots per plant and yield, ( ) ( 6 ), [12 ] 6

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