EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WATER TREATMENTS ON STARCH ACCUMULATION AND RELATED ENZYME ACTIVITY IN GRAIN OF MAIZE DURING GRAIN- FILLING PERIOD

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1 2005, 29 (4) Ξ Acta Phytoecologica Sinica 1, (1, ) (2, ) ( Zay mays) ,, 22, 115 ; (SS) (SPS), d (ADPG2PPase) (UDPG2PPase) (SSS) ( GBSS), ;SPS ADPG- PPase SSS EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WATER TREATMENTS ON STARCH ACCUMULATION AND RELATED ENZYME ACTIVITY IN GRAIN OF MAIZE DURING GRAIN- FILLING PERIOD ZHANG Zhi-Meng 1,2 DAI Liang- Xiang 2 HU Chang- Hao 1 3 DONG Shu- Ting 1 WANG Kong-Jun 1 and NING Tang- Yuan 1 (1 College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai an, Shandong , China) (2 Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong , China) Abstract Starch, one of the main products metabolized in the grain of maize, directly affects the yield and quality of maize. The synthesis of starch in maize grain is affected by the activities of several enzymes. We studied the effects of different water treatments on the grain starch content and components and related enzyme activity during the grain-filling period of two cultivars the common corn, Yedan22, and the high oil corn, Gaoyou115. Three water treatments were chosen : W0 (no water irrigation after anthesis), W1 (irrigation one time after anthesis), W2 (irrigation two times after anthesis). The results showed that the patterns of starch accumulation and related enzyme activity were the same in the two cultivars, but their response to water treat2 ments were different. Water duress significantly increased starch and amylopectin content and decreased amy2 lose content in Yedan22, but increased the starch, amylopectin and amylose content in Gaoyou115. When suf2 ficient levels of water were supplied, starch yield and its components significantly increased, as did the SS and SPS activities in ear leaves and ADPG- PPase, UDPG- PPase, SSS and GBSS activities in the grain, especially 10 to 30 days after anthesis. Increased enzyme activity in grain increased the amylopectin and amylose content in Gaoyou115. The activities of these enzymes in grain under water duress decreased early and quickly, and the activities of SPS, ADPG- PPase, and SSS were more sensitive to water duress than other enzymes. Key words Maize, Water treatment, Starch accumulation, Enzyme activity ( Zay mays),, Ξ : : : (30025) 3 Author for correspondence com

2 4 : 637 (Douglas et al., 1988), (SPS) ( SS) 10 d,, 4,,, - 40, ( Glover, 1994 ; Morell et al., 1995 ; Chris2 tine, 1998 ; Steven & Takashi, 1992) ; 70 %, 20 8 % 10 %,, DPS2000 (,1986, 1990 ; Glover, ;,1997 ; Douglas et al., 1988 ;Johningle & Hageman, 1997 ;,2002 ; Wardlaw,1971), Doehlert (1991) , (,1986), (SPS), Dougls (1988) Ou-Lee Set2, ter (1985), 1. 0 g 10 ml HEPES-NaOH (50 mmol L - 1,, ph 7. 5),,1 000 g 10 min,, SPS UDPG 20 l 100 mmol L , min, 200 l 1 mol L - 1 NaOH, 1. 5, : ml 0. 5 ml 1 %, (SS) g kg - 1 SPS, SS mg kg mg kg - 1, (1989) mg kg m 2, 5 SPS 20 l 100 mmol L , 60 cm, 24 cm, l 100 mmol L , SPS hm - 2, 3, ( ADPG- PPase UDPG- 1, PPase) ( SSS) 16 % ( GBSS), 3, (W0) :1. 0 g 8 ml HEPES2NaOH 1 (,W1) 3 ( (50 mmol L - 1,pH7. 5),, 30 l,w2),, 1. 8 ml,, m 3 hm - 2, 900 GBSS, g m 3 hm - 2, 2 min, ADPG- PPase UDPG2PPase :, SSS 1/ 2, 1/ 2 1, ADPG- PPase UDPG- PPase N 450 kg hm - 2,P 2 O 5 75 kg hm - 2, K 2 O 150 (1985) Douglus (1988) kg hm - 2, (1985) Wardlaw (1971),50 l 50 l HEPES2NaOH 20 l 50 mmol L - 1 MgCl 2 20 l 100 mmol L - 1,100 l 5 mmol L - 1 ADPG( UDPG) + 50 l

3 mmol L - 1 MgCl l HEPES-NaOH (50, mmol L - 1,pH 7. 5) + 50 l (UDPG- PPase 115, l),30 10 min, PPi 100 l (20 mmol d 40 d,w2, 22 L - 1 ),15 min, 1 min, 20 d W2 ; 30 d l NADP (6 mmol L - 1 ) 50 l PGM 22 W0,W1,W2 (1. 5IU ml - 1 ) 50 l G6PDH(5IU ml - 1 ) 0. 3 ml ; 115, W2,W1, ( 1. 5 ml), min,340 W0 nm, 22, SSS GBSS 115, (1994) ml 22 (50 mmol L - 1 ph 7. 5 HEPES-NaOH mmol L - 1 ADPG + 15 mmol L - 1 DTT mg),30 5 min, 50 l,20 min, ml ADP-ATP ( 50 mmol L - 1,pH 7. 5 HEPE-NaOH 2,,,40 mmol L - 1 PEP,200 mmol L - 1 KCl ;100 mmol, 22 L - 1 MgCl 2 2IU (PK) ),30 30, ; min, -, ATP 115, 20 d, d 2,W2 > W1 > W0, 30 d,w ; 115,W0 > W1 > 1,, W2, d % 50 d % ; , % % 22, 22 1 (A B) Fig. 1 Effect of different water treatments on starch content (A, B) in grains of two types of maize A : 22 Yedan22 B : 115 Gaoyou115 : No water irrigated after anthesis (W0) : 1 Irrigated one time after anthesis (W1) : 3 Irrigated three times after anthesis (W2)

4 4 : (A B) (C D) Fig. 2 Effect of different water treatments on amylose (A,B) and amylopectin (C, D) content in grains of two types of maize A C: 22 Yedan22 B D : 115 Gaoyou115 : 1 See Fig , SPS,,, SPS,, d,, 20 d, d,w2, 115 W1 W0, 50 d,w0 > W2 > W1, ; 115 SPS, 115 SPS 30 d W1 > W0 > W2, ( 3) W0 > W1 > W2, 115 SPS,, 22,,, 22 W2 W1 W SPS, SPS, SS SPS, 3,, SPS 22 SS, 20 d , ; ADPG- PPase,, 22 SS d, 22, 4, ADPG- PPase SS, W2 > W1 > W0, 40 d,, 115 W0, d 115 ADPG-

5 SS(A B) SPS(C D) Fig. 3 Effect of different water treatments on SS (A, B) and SPS(C,D) activity in ear leaves of two types of maize A B C D : 2 See Fig. 2 : 1 See Fig. 1 4 ADPG- PPase (A B) UDPG- PPase (C D) Fig. 4 Effect of different water treatments on ADPG- PPase (A,B) and UDPG- PPase (C,D) activity in grains of two types of maize A B C D : 2 See Fig. 2 : 1 See Fig. 1 PPase, ; ADPG- PPase, 22,, ADPG- PPase, ADPG- PPase 115, ADPG- PPase,,

6 4 : UDPG- PPase 5, SSS 4, UDPG- PPase 22 SSS,, ; W2 W1 40 d,w0 SSS 30 d ; 115 W d UDPG- PPase GBSS, 22 UDPG- PPase PPase,W0,, 115 W2 UDPG- UDPG-, 5, PPase, GBSS SSS,, 20 d 22 UDPG- PPase, 20 d 30 d,w0 20 d,w2, SSS 115 SSS, ADPG GBSS,, ADPG, 22 GBSS, SSS 115 ( GBSS) SSS, ADPG, GBSS 115, 22 5 SSS(A B) GBSS(C D) Fig. 5 Effect of different water treatments on SSS (A,B) and GBSS (C,D) activity in grains of two types of maize A B C D : 2 See Fig. 2 : 1 See Fig. 1 3, (Johningle, 70 % & Hageman,1997 ;Douglas et al.,1991), 22

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