Greek Verbs. Kind (and with Indic, Time) of action. Relation of subject to action. Who is acting
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1 Croy Lesson 8 PERSON Who is acting NUMBER Endings: and S/P Greek Verbs Kind (and with Indic, Time) of action TENSE Imperfect Manner in which action is regarded by subject MOOD Indicative Infinitive Imperative Subjunctive Participle Optative Augment Tense Code Endings: Prim/Sec/Other Relation of subject to action VOICE Middle Deponent or M/P/D Endings (Deponent) & M/P/D Imperfect & M/P/D σῴζω γίνομαι (Deponent) & M/D σώσω γενήσομαι Principal Parts (Deponent ) & M/D ἔσωσα ἐγενόμην 4 & σέσωκα γέγονα 5 M/P M/P & M/P σέσωσμαι γεγένημαι 6 & ἐσώθην ἐγενήθην PRIMARY (Subjunctive) SECONDARY Imperfect (Optative) Greek Verb Indicative Endings ACTIVE (& ) - ω* / -μι - μεν - εις* / -ς - τε - ει* / -σι - σι(ν) -ν -ς - - μεν - τε - ν (σαν) MIDDLE / PASSIVE / DEPONENT - μαι - σαι / ῃ - ται - μην - σο (ου, ω) - το - μεθα - σθε - νται - μεθα -σθε - ντο δίδωμι << δο stem - PresAct = δίδωμι - FutAct = δώσω - AorAct = ἔδωκα 4- PerfAct = δέδωκα 5- Perf M/P = δέδομαι 6- AorPass = ἐδόθην iota reduplication is sign of (and Imperfect) κα (instead system of σα) is used for code Differ from omega verbs only in and nd systems Reduplication (with iota) in tense to form principal part No reduplication in the, but tense code is κα (instead of σα)
2 ἐδώκαμεν δῶτε διδότω διδόντι δός δόντος διδόναι δοῦναι P Aor Act Indic we gave P Aor Act Subjn you ~give S Pres Act Impv let him/her be giving M/N Sg Dat Pres Act Ptcp giving S Aor Act Impv Give! M/N Sg Gen Aor Act Ptcp having given Pres Act Inf to be giving Aor Act Inf to give Indicative δίδωμι δίδομεν δίδως δίδοτε δίδωσι(ν) διδόασι(ν) Subjunctive διδῶ διδῶμεν διδῶς διδῶτε διδῷ διδῶσι(ν) Imperative Infinitive δίδωμι << δο stem δίδου διδότω δίδοτε διδότωσαν διδόναι - PresAct = δίδωμι - FutAct = δώσω - AorAct = ἔδωκα 4- PerfAct = δέδωκα 5- Perf M/P = δέδομαι 6- AorPass = ἐδόθην iota reduplication is sign of (and Imperfect) system κα (instead of σα) is used for code
3 τιθημι << θε stem - PresAct = τιθημι - FutAct = θησω - AorAct = ἔθηκα 4- PerfAct = τεθεικα 5- Perf M/P = τεθειμαι 6- AorPass = ἐτεθην iota reduplication is sign of (and Imperfect) system κα (instead of σα) is used for code NOT: ἐθεθην τιθημι Indicative τίθημι τίθεμεν τίθης τίθετε τίθησι(ν) τιθέασι(ν). θετε. τιθετω. θεντες 4. ετεθησαν 5. θησεις 6. τιθεις 7. θειναι 8. τιθησιν 9. τιθεναι 0.εθηκα.τεθεικως.θωμεν.ετιθουν 4.τεθεικατε. θετε aor act impv p place!. τιθετω pres act impv s let him/her be placing!. θεντες aor act ptcp mas pl nom having placed 4. ετεθησαν aor pass indic p they were placed 5. θησεις fut act indic s you will place 6. τιθεις pres act ptcp mas sg nom - placing 7. θειναι aor act inf to place 8. τιθησιν pres act indic s they are placing 9. τιθεναι pres act inf to be placing 0. εθηκα aor act indic s I placed. τεθεικως pf act ptcp mas sg nom having placed. θωμεν aor act subjn p - ~let us place. ετιθουν impf act indic p they were placing 4. τεθεικατε perf act indic p you have placed ἀφίημι (=ἀπο + ἵημι) >>> ε stem - PresAct = ἀφιημι - FutAct = ἀφησω - AorAct = ἀφῆκα 4- PerfAct = ἀφεικα 5- Perf M/P = ἀφειμαι 6- AorPass = ἀφεθην ἀφες Aor Act Impv S iota reduplication is sign of (and Imperfect) system κα (instead of σα) is used for code ἀφηκαμεν Aor Act Indic P
4 ἀπολλυμι / ἀπολλυω - PresAct = απολλυμι / απολλυω - FutAct = απολεσω / απολω - AorAct = απωλεσα (απωλομην mid) 4- PerfAct = απολωλα 5- Perf M/P = AorPass = -- δεικνυμι / δεικνυω - PresAct = δεικνυμι / δεικνυω - FutAct = δειξω - AorAct = εδειξα 4- PerfAct = δεδειχα 5- Perf M/P = δεδειγμαι 6- AorPass = εδειχθην Differ from omega verbs only in and nd systems Reduplication (with iota) in tense to form principal part No reduplication in the, but tense code is κα (instead of σα) BUT ἵστημι << στα stem - PresAct = ἵστημι - FutAct = στήσω - AorAct = ἔστησα OR ἔστην 4- PerfAct = ἕστηκα or 5- Perf M/P = ἕσταμαι 6- AorPass = ἐσταθην ἵστημι Reduplication (with iota with rough breathing = ἱ ) in tense to form principal part (Pres and Impf) Reduplication in the (with epsilon with rough breathing = ἑ ) with tense code κα st has σα code; nd Aor not ἵστημι Transitive (I cause to stand, establish) Impf Fut Act st Aor Intransitive (I stand) Fut M/P nd Aor st Aor Pass Perf and Plpf 4
5 φημί φημί S Ind Pres Act = I say (4x) φησίν S Ind Pres Act = s/he says (8x) φασίν P Ind Pres Act = they say (x) ἔφη - S Ind Aor/Impf Act = s/he said (4x) -βαίνω Note that second aorist stem is βη See 6 (p5) γινώσκω Note that second aorist stem is γνω See 7 (p6) (#x in NT) Croy Lesson 8 Vocabulary ἀποδίδωμι, I give back, render, reward δίδωμι, I give, grant (antidote, dose) ἔτος, -ους, τό, year (etesian) εὐθύς, immediately, at once, then μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα, large, great (megaphone, ) παραδίδωμι, I hand over, betray πολύς, πολλή, πολύ, much, many (polytheism, ) πρεσβύτερος, -α, -ον, older, elder (presbyter) χαρά, ἡ, joy, delight χρόνος, ὁ, time (chronology) Croy Lesson 8 Assignment Practice and Review Odd - NT,, 4, 5, 6 Croy Lesson 9 Vocabulary ἀπόλλυμι or ἀπολλύω, I destroy, lose; (mid. voice) perish, be ruined (Apollyon; see Rev 9:) ἀφίημι, I let go, forgive, leave, permit δείκνυμι and δεικνύω, I show, point out; explain, prove (deictic) εἷς, μία, ἕν, one, a, an, single (henotheism, hendiadys) ἐπιτίθημι, I place upon, lay upon (epithet) λοιπός, -ή, -όν, remaining, rest; (subst.) the rest, the others; (adv.) henceforth, finally μηδείς, μηδεμία, μηδέν, no one, nothing, no (= μηδέ + εἷς) οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν, no one, nothing, no (= οὐδέ + εἷς) προστι θημι, I add (to), increase; continue (prosthesis) τι θημι, I place, put, appoint (thesis) 5
6 Croy Lesson 9 Assignment Practice and Review Even -0 NT -4, 8 Croy Lesson 0 Vocabulary ἀνίστημι, I arise, cause to rise δέκα, ten (decagon) δύο, δυσί(ν) dative pl., two (dual) δώδεκα, twelve (dodecagon) ἐπιγινώσκω, I recognize, know, understand, perceive ἑπτά, seven (heptagon) ἵστημι, I stand, stand firm, appear; cause to stand, set, establish πέντε, five (Pentateuch, pentagon) τέσσαρες, τέσσαρα, four (Diatessaron) τρεῖς, τρία, three (trio) φημί, I say (emphasis) Croy Lesson 0 Assignment Practice and Review Even - NT,,4,6,9 Practice Give the MOOD (Indicative, Infinitive, Participle, Subjunctive, Imperative) and the TENSE (,, etc.) of the following verbs within the context of the sentences below. OPEN BOOK MOOD TENSE παρέδωκάν ἐποίησας Pilate to Jesus: τὸ ἔθνος τὸ σὸν καὶ οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς παρέδωκάν σε ἐμοί τί ἐποίησας; 6
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