Journal of Zhejiang University( Humanities and Social Sciences)

39 4 2009 7 () Journal of Zhejiang University( Humanities and Social Sciences) Vol. 39, No. 4 J uly 2009 DOI : 10. 3785/ j. issn. 10082942X. 2008. 08. 071 (, 310027) [ ],,,,, [ ] ; ; ; Learning by Doing, Human Capital of Entrepreneurs and the Dynamic Comparative Advantage Enhancement Zhang Xiaodi Zhao Lan ( College of Economics, Zhej i an g U ni versit y, H angz hou 310027, Chi na) Abstract : The notion of learning by doinghas always been considered as one of t he most important so urces of a co unt ryπs dynamic co mparative advantage. By extending t he technolo gical progress model derived f rom learning by doing t he Nort h2sout h trade frame, we find t hat the entrepreneursπ human capital is the key factor which affect s t he technological progress and the economic growt h of a country. By conducting an empirical st udy on t he entrepreneursπ human capital and t he learning by doing effect in t he hi2tech industry, it reveals t hat in t he long run, t he former exert s positive influence on the latter. The policy connotation of t he st udy is clear, indicating t hat t he density of t he entrepreneursπ human capital and t heir ability to detect, learn and use a new technology do affect t he technological progress and economic growth. China should pay more at tentio n to fo stering t he ent rep reneur sπ human capital. Supportive policies t hat [ ] 2008208207 [ ] 2009205205 [ ] (70873101) [ ] http :/ / www. journals. zju. edu. cn/ soc [ ] 1.,,,, ; 2.,,,

74 () 39 enco urage t heir innovatio n undertakings sho uld be made to f urt her enhance t he dynamic co mparative advantage. Key words : learning by doing ; entrepreneurs ; the dynamic comparative advantage ; absorption efficiency,,,,,, 10 %,,, Young,,, [1 ],,, [ 2 ],,,, [3 ], :,,,,,, Redding [4 ] [5 ],,,,,,, [ 6 ],,,, 20 80,,,,,, 2005,37248

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76 () 39 N,, S,,,,,,U = u( c) e - t dt, 0, u( c), CES S,,e( t) t, e( t) h( t) ( ),,,,, e( t),e( t) (0,1),1 - e( t), [1 - e( t) ] h( t) / e( t) ah,,1 - ah,k, ak,1 - ak, ah,ak,, A s,, t : y ( t) = [ (1 - ak) k ( t) ] { A s ( t) [1 - ah ( t) ][1 - e( t) ] h( t) / e( t) } 1 -, (1) 0 < < 1, A s ( t) t, (1), : k ( t) = y ( t) - c( t) = [ (1 - ak) k ( t) ] { A s ( t) [1 - ah ( t) ][1 - e( t) ] h( t) / e( t) } 1 - - c( t) (2),, A n, : A s ( t) = B [ ak k ( t) ] { ah ( t) [1 - e( t) ] h( t) / e( t) } A s ( t) [ e( t) A n ( t) ], (3) B > 0, 0,0,,,, > 0 ak k ( t) ah ( t) [1 - e( t) ] h( t) / e( t), A s ( t), [ e( t) A n ( t) ],,, A,,,,,,,

4 : 77, e( t) (,), (0 < 1, ;> 1,, ) (), (2) (3) A s ( t) = A n ( t) ( t),u = u( c) e - t dt,a s ( t) A n ( t) k ( t) c( t) ah ( t) 0,: g0 = A s A s = B ( ak k) A + - 1 s e a - 1 h [ (1 - e) h/ e] [ (1 - ah) + (+ ) ah ] - (4) (+ ++ ) - 1 e( ), A, (),+ 1, 0 << 1,, > 1, (+++ ) - 1 > 0 0 <, e, ga,,,, >, : e (0,1 - / ),e, e, ga,,,;e (1 - /,1),,,, :,,,, ;,,,, ;,,, 2007 (2007 ),

78 () 39 (),,,,,, Krugman, [8 ],, 1995 2006 (ln T GDP) ;,1995 2006 (ln E),, (),OL S,, Granger,, LL C(Levin, Lin &Chut) ADF2Fisher, 1 : 1 LLC ADF2Fisher ln T GDP ln T GDP ln E ln E LLC 0. 326 78-24. 364 4 1. 308 60-6. 278 62 LLC P 0. 628 1 0. 000 0 0. 904 7 0. 000 0 LLC ADF 6. 914 47 51. 988 3 9. 774 26 32. 328 7 ADF P 0. 733 5 0. 000 0 0. 460 5 0. 000 4 ADF,ln T GDP ln E,, Granger E2G,ln T GDP ln E OL S, Hausman,H, 2 2002, ( ) 2003 ; (2003 2007 ), ( ) 2003 2007

4 : 79 2 Hausman H Hausman [ 2 0. 05 (1) ] 6. 556 3. 841 2,, : ln T GDP = - 4. 229 + 2. 116ln E (5) ( - 2. 303) 3 3 (6. 747) 3 3 3 R 2 adj = 0. 617, F = 20. 044 (5) ( ADF ),28. 610 9, 1 %,,lntgdp ln E, lntgdp ln E Granger, ( ECM), lntgdp ln E, ln T GDP ln E (6),,(7) (8),, k, ln T GDPit = i + iln Eit + it, (6) ln T GDPit = 1 j + 1 i it - 1 + 11ik ln T GDPit - k k + 12 ik ln Eit - k + 1 it, (7) k ln Eit = 2 j + 2 i it - 1 + k 21 ik ln T GDPit - k + 22 ik ln Eit - k + 2it (8) k (7) H0 12 ik = 0 (8) H0 21 ik = 0 ;, (7) H0 1 i = 0 (8) H0 2 i = 0,F F F,,, F ( 3),, 3 Granger F (7) 0. 289 0 2. 030 5 3 (8) 0. 635 9 0. 343 5 1. 77 1. 77 : 3 10 %,Granger 3,,,,, Eviews 5. 0, t, 3 3 3 1 %, 3 3 5 % k,

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