Recent Developments of Self2Propagating Frontal Polymerization

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17 6 2005 11 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY Vol. 17 No. 6 Nov. 2005 3 3 3 ( 100083) : O631. 5 ; TQ316. 3 : A : 10052281X(2005) 0621081208 Recent Developments of Self2Propagating Frontal Polymerization Yan Qingzhi Su Xintai Ge Changchun 3 3 (Laboratory of Special Ceramics and Powder Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China) Abstract Frontal polymerization (FP) is a polymer synthesis technique that uses the exothermic reactions to form a self2sustaining wave. Because no additional heat is needed after the initial polymerization the process has potential advantages over traditional polymerization methods : lower processing costs less energy input and absence of solvent. These advantages make FP a potential viable option in polymer synthesis. The mechanism of FP frontal structure velocity front mode and properties of polymer produced via FP are reviewed. The future directions of FP research are prospected. Key words frontal polymerization( FP) ; self-propagating FP ; materials synthesis ; ; 1 1 2 Fig. 1 Schematic representation of a frontal polymerization : 2004 11 : 2005 3 3 (No. 50372008) 3 3 e2mail : ccge @mater. ustb. edu. cn

1082 17 1972 Chechilo [1 ] 300MPa P g g n + M P n+1 (3) [2 12 ] P g n+1 + P g n P n + P m ( P m+ n ) (4) Combust. Explos. Shock Waves Dokl. Phys. Chem. Pojman [13 ] 1990 E eff Pojman [43 ] : E eff = E P + E i Π2 - E t Π2 (5) i p t 300MPa [14 34 ] E i 125kJΠmol E p 29kJΠmol E t 17kJΠmol 1990 ;1990 [29 30 ] [47 ] [31 33 ] ;2001 [35 ] [36 ] [37 ] : (1) ; 1999 (2) ; (3) [38 ] ;2003 [39 41 ] 2003 ( ) ( ) Pojman [34 ] [42 ] : I f2 R g (1) f R g + M P 1 g : (2)

6 1083 ; 15mm 20mm Π ( ) ( ) [19 ] ( ) (AETMA) [44 ] [45 ] [46 ] Chechilo Pojman Π 16 ] [1 6 13 2 (1 0. 02molΠL ; 2 0. 04molΠL) [34 ( ) ] Fig. 2 Temperature profiles for polymerization front at different initiator concentrations(1 0. 02molΠL ; 2 0. 04molΠL) 2 [48 ] [16 25 ] 015cm 100 [47 48 ] 120 [42 ] :

1084 17 [42 ] [19 ] [43 ] : R P = k p f k i k t 1Π2 [ I] 1Π2 [M] (6) 4 I M k [ ] i p t Goldgeder [49 ] 20s u : 100 2 [49 ] Spade [50 ] u 2 kj 0 R g T b = E d ( T b - T 0 ) k0 eff e - E eff ΠR T g b (8) 4 k ; J 0 ; R g ; T b ; E d ; T 0 ; k 0 eff E eff k 0 eff = k p [2f k 0 0 d Πk t ] 1Π2 (9) E eff = E p + ( E d - E t )Π2 (10) k d k p k T E d E p E t 50 Chechilio [5 ] 300MPa Apostole [30 ] 01324 Tredici [29 ] Perry 32 01223 [44 ] ;Pojman [17 ] 4 0120 ( ) 0131 : (1) 3 ; (2) : CO 2 CH 4 ; ; (3) 1mg 200 2cm 3 ; (4) ; (5) ; (6) [14 ] : v ( p) = v 0 + constπp (7) [33 ] ; (7) ;

6 1085 ; [50 ] [14 19 51 ] Pojman [22 ] 1 62 [21 22 27 35 ] ( HDDA) 2 [38 ] : (TMPTA) HDDA ; HDDA (BzAc) TMPTA [19 ] ; : TMPTA [22 ] ; [24 ] : ( 3) 3 :a b c 1 62 Fig. 3 Modes of frontal propagation :a oscillating mode b spin mode c chaos mode Pojman [52 ] ; (2 wt % BPO ) [21 ] 1. 0 0166cmΠmin 50s 100 Fortenberry [25 ]

1086 17 65 % 76 % [29 ] ( ) 120 Washington [53 ] 80 % Pojman [17 ] 32 Pojman [20 ] A 32 [46 ] : H 0 S 0 + Rln ([M] eq Π[M] 0 ) T = (11) [M] 0 S 0 H 0 : : 1 = 1 - exp H0 - T S 0 (12) (1) [M] initial RT 80 140 : T = T i + H 0 ΠC p (13) [18 ] (2) Enikolopyan [2 ] 150 Pojman [17 ] 10 5 ( M W ΠM N = 117 210) Pojman [20 ] Fortenberry [25 ] 10 6 2. (3) Chekanov [26 ] Pujari [37 ] 22 5 Tredici

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