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For Silver Goat Media, LLC: Senior Copy Editor and Typsetter: Aurora McClain Editorial Assistant: Catherine Darragh External Editorial Consultant: Michael Gnat For The Theran Institute, LLC: Associate Director, Operations: Imran Vaghoo Manager, Media and Web Serivces: Kristin Langerud External Content Consultant: Ourania Sinopoulou Copyright 2012, 2011 Peter Schultz Published by Silver Goat Media, LLC, Moorhead, MN 56560. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Silver Goat Media, LLC, Permissions, 1217 Elm Street South, Moorhead, MN 56560. Use for non-profit, educational purposes is free and requires neither permission(s) nor approval, provided that this work is used in its entirety. This book was designed and produced by Silver Goat Media, LLC. Moorhead, MN U.S.A. www.silvergoatmedia.com www.theraninstitute.org Cover photograph: Stairs into Santorini, Darcie DeBoer. 2011 Darcie DeBoer. Cover design by Kristin Langerud. ISBN-10: 0615694950 ISBN-13: 978-0615694955 (Silver Goat Media)

GET YOUR GREEK ON! Basic Greek in Two Weeks Peter Schultz

Για τους Έλληνες γονείς μου, την Όλγα και τον Ευγένιο; και για τον πρώτο ποιητή της Θήρας, James Tiernan O'Rourke.

Get Your Greek On! 6 Introduction This book is designed to introduce you to some of the basic principles of modern Greek. Specifically, it s intended to get you talking with your new Greek colleagues, neighbors, and friends as quickly as possible. This book is also meant to be fun. We all learned our first language when we were kids. That s a fact worth keeping in mind. In one sense, learning another language asks that you become a little kid again and that you do things little kids do all the time: that you enjoy yourself without fear, that you make mistakes without worry, and that you play. If you can do that, if you play with the material that I ve put together for you in this little book, then you ll learn some basic Greek, and you ll have fun doing it. I initially wrote this book for my students at Concordia College. The idea was to provide them with a fast introduction to Greek that would allow them to get around, to meet people, and to more fully enjoy themselves during their time in Greece. Further inspiration was provided by students participating in the Greek Foreign Study Program offered by the Department of Classics at Dartmouth College, by students in the Program in Greece offered by the Department of Classical Studies at Lake Forest College, and by students living and studying at Arcadia University s Center for Balkan and Mediterranean Studies in Athens. My time at the American School of Classical Studies and the University of Athens also played a role in figuring out which approaches to basic Greek seemed to work, and which didn t. Perhaps most importantly, two years of private lessons with a very elegant ninety-year-old Greek teacher, Madame Kaiti Zikou, taught me how much could be done with the basic elements of Greek. The point of all this is that you re in good hands. The ideas and exercises in this book have been tested on hundreds of willing guinea pigs over the past fifteen years. If you put that together with the tricks I picked up from Madame Zikou, then you ve got almost a century of Greek goodness at your fingertips. Producing a book even a tiny one like this is always a team effort. In that spirit, it s a pleasure to offer thanks to Paul Christesen, Darcie DeBoer, Richard Fischer, Zach Forstrom, Heather Waddell Gruber, Clayton Lehmann, Tom Mayer, Jenifer Neils, Spencer Pope, Molly Richardson, Jerry Rutter, Jan Sanders, Anna Schultz, Elizabeth Schultz-Nuytten, Roger Schultz, Andrew Stewart, Bronwen Wickkiser, and Timothy Winters for their comments and criticism. Catherine Darragh, Aurora McClain, and Ruth Schultz provided much needed editorial assistance. Kristin Langerud generated this book s production values and design. Special thanks are also due to my Greek friends who reviewed this book in both early and late stages, Paulina Bithara, Valia Kapetanaki-Kearney, Marios Mastakas, and Ourania Sinopoulou.

Get Your Greek On! 7 How to Use This Book The most important thing that you can do when beginning to learn another language is to play with it. That s what matters. Right now, it doesn t matter if you sound like a gibbering lunatic when you speak Greek. It doesn t matter if you can t spell a word when you write Greek. It doesn t matter if you don t understand the grammar when you read Greek. Right now, what matters is that you try to speak, that you try to write, and that you try to read. At these early stages, when you re just putting your toe in the water, the most important thing you can do is to play with the words, the phrases, and the grammar that you re trying to learn. Right now, having fun playing with your Greek is what counts. This book is divided into three parts. Part One provides fourteen lessons. Each of these lessons includes an introduction to some basic parts of modern Greek grammar, a set of essential words, phrases, and conversational patterns, and a quiz outline that you can use to assess your progress. Part Two consists of a Greek-English and English-Greek glossary. Part Three provides a fast guide to writing Greek letters. It s important to keep in mind that this book is not a comprehensive Greek language course nor is it a Greek phrase book. Rather, it s intended to be a very quick, very basic introduction to some of the most basic principles of modern Greek for the student, traveler, or explorer. Moreover, while this book will be of use for those who want to learn Greek on their own, it will be far more effective when integrated into an active, playful, classroom environment. In language instruction, there is no substitute for a great teacher, and having just one other playmate can make your experience more meaningful and much more fun. If you really want to get your Greek on, there s no better way than with an enthusiastic instructor and crew of fun friends. If you want to move beyond this book s rather basic functions to increase your grammatical skills, to refine your vocabulary, and to enhance your expressive range then you ll need to swim into deeper seas. Fortunately, many excellent guides exist that can help speed you on your way. For these, take a look at the Bibliography and Further Reading section at the very end of this book. Now, stop reading this English! Go get your Greek on!

Part One. The Lessons

Get Your Greek On! 10 Lesson 1 Essential Grammar 1.1 The Alphabet Α α άλφα a, as in all Β β βήτα v, as in vase Γ γ γάμα unique sound between a soft g and a y when before ι or ε: y, as in yes Δ δ δέλτα th, as in then Ε ε έψιλον e, as in bet Ζ ζ ζήτα z, as in zoo Η η ήτα e, as in email Θ θ θήτα th, as in theatre Ι ι γιώτα e, as in email Κ κ κάπα k, as in kitchen Λ λ λάμδα l, as in lust Μ μ μι m, as in move Ν ν νι n, as in never Ξ ξ ξι ks, as in kicks Ο ο όμικρον o, as in pore Π π πι p, as in present Ρ ρ ρο r, as in rope (often rolled) Σ σ (ς) σίγμα s, as in sound Τ τ ταυ t, as in tank Υ υ ύψιλον i, as in lid Φ φ φι f, as in fish Χ χ χι ch, as in Bach Ψ ψ ψι ps, as in laps Ω ω ωμέγα o, as in oak 1.2 Some Essential Sounds Comprised of Two Letters αι a, as in air ει ee, as in screech οι ee, as in screech ου oo, as in hoot αυ av, as in avenger but, when in front of letters θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ : af, as in often

Get Your Greek On! 11 ευ ev, as in everyone but, when in front of letters θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ : ef, as in effort γγ ng, as in angle γκ when at the beginning of a word: g, as in girl when in the middle of a word: nk, as in ankle μπ when at the beginning of a word: b, as in boy when in the middle of a word: mb, as in bumble ντ when at the beginning of a word: d, as in dog when in the middle of a word: nd, as in end τς when at the beginning of a word: ts, as in tsar when in the middle of a word: ts, as in stats 1.3 Accents In Greek, you will often see an accent mark like this ( ) over vowels in words with more than one syllable. This mark denotes the vowel that you will stress when you speak. Thus, Παρακαλώ has its final syllable emphasized. In some texts, especially those written before 1981, you will see other accent marks, a grave ( ) or a circumflex ( ); these marks also denote a word s stressed syllable. 1.4 Letter Sounds and Syllables When speaking, you will almost always pronounce all the letters in a Greek word, other than the exceptions noted above. There are almost no silent letters in Greek. When you see a letter, you will almost always say it. Also, almost all Greek letters will keep a consistent sound when you speak, other than the exceptions noted above. The phonetic values of letters in the Greek alphabet do not often change. When you see a vowel or a consonant, you will almost always say it the same way. Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Γεια σου! or Γεια! Hello! / Goodbye! Παρακαλώ!/ Ευχαριστώ! Please! / Thank you! Ναι! / Όχι! Yes! / No! Βοήθεια! Πού είναι η τουαλέτα; HELP! Where is the toilet? For Quiz 1: You will know all the letters of the Greek alphabet and you will be able to pronounce them correctly. Play with the letters! You can do it! MOST IMPORTANT! You will be able to understand and pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lesson 1.

Get Your Greek On! 12 Lesson 2 Essential Grammar 2.1 Nouns and Gender Greek nouns differ from English nouns in that they have specific genders. Greek nouns can be masculine, feminine, or neuter. The gender of a noun is arbitrary. There are two ways to discern the gender of a noun when you see one. First, the gender of the article that proceeds the noun (see below, 2.2); and, second, the letters of the noun s final syllable. If a noun ends in ς it will usually be masculine. If a noun ends in α or η, it will usually be feminine. If a noun ends in ι, o, or μα, it will usually be neuter. So: ο άνδρας the man (masculine) ο τοίχος the wall ο δρόμος the road η γυναίκα the woman (feminine) η πόρτα the door η πόλη the city το σπίτι the house (neuter) το δωμάτιο the room το πράγμα the thing 2.2 articles and gender Greek articles (definite article, the ; and indefinite article, a or an ) differ from English articles in that they always have a specific gender. Greek articles can be masculine, feminine, or neuter. So: ο the ο άνδρας the man (masculine) ένας a or an ένας άνδρας a man η the η γυναίκα the woman (feminine) μια a or an μια γυναίκα a woman το the το σπίτι the house (neuter) ένα a or an ένα σπίτι a house NOTE! The gender of a noun and the gender of its article must always match.

Get Your Greek On! 13 2.3 Definite Articles, Subjects and Proper Nouns In Greek, you can use the definite article with the nominative subject of a sentence. You will also use the definite article with the names of specific people or places ( proper nouns ; see below, 2.4). This might seem strange. In English, we would never say the Marios has a child or the Angela drives the car. But in Greek, we often use the definite article with a proper noun. So: ο Μάριος Marios (masculine) η Σοφία Sophia (feminine) η Ελλάδα Greece (feminine) το Λονδίνο London (neuter) The definite article is never used in direct address (vocative case): Μάριε! Eλα στην παραλία! Σοφία! Έλα στο σπίτι! Marios! Come to the beach! Sophia! Come to the house! 2.4 Indefinite Articles and Nouns You can usually omit the indefinite article (ένας, μια, ένα) in Greek where a or an would be necessary in English. So: Ο Μάριος είναι άνδρας. Η Σοφία είναι γυναίκα. Η Ελλάδα είναι έθνος. Το Λονδίνο είναι πόλη. Marios is a man. Sophie is a woman. Greece is a nation. London is a city. Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Μιλάς Αγγλικά; Do you speak English? Μιλάω Αγγλικά! I speak English! Δε μιλάω Αγγλικά I don t speak English. Μιλάς Ελληνικά; Do you speak Greek? Μιλάω Ελληνικά! I speak Greek! Δε μιλάω Ελληνικά. I don t speak Greek. For Quiz 2: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, and the gender of all nouns and articles from Lesson 2. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-2.

Get Your Greek On! 14 Lesson 3 Essential Grammar 3.1 Adjectives and Gender Greek adjectives differ from English adjectives in that they have specific genders. Greek adjectives can be masculine, feminine, or neuter. There are two ways to discern the gender of a Greek adjective: 1) the gender of the article and the noun to which the adjective applies (and with which the adjective must always match; see above, 2.1-2.2); and 2) the letters of the adjective s final syllable. If an adjective ends in ς it will usually be masculine. If an adjective ends in in α or η, it will usually be feminine. If an adjective ends in o it will usually be neuter. So: ο καλός άνδρας the good man (masculine) ο μεγάλος δρόμος the big street ο μικρός χάρτης the small map η καλή γυναίκα the good woman" (feminine) η παλιά πόρτα the old door η μικρή πόλη the small city το μεγάλο σπίτι the big house" (neuter) το μεγάλο δωμάτιο the big room το μικρό πράγμα the small thing NOTE! The gender of a noun, the gender of its article, and the gender of its adjective must always match. 3.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to be In Greek, verbs hold the nominative ( subject ) personal pronoun within the verb form. You can therefore determine who is acting by looking at the end of the verb. So: είμαι είσαι είναι I am you are he/she/it is είμαστε we are είσαστε (or είστε) you [all] are (polite) είναι they are

Get Your Greek On! 15 3.3 this and that You will find the words this and that quite useful especially when pointing (e.g. Θέλω αυτό! I want this one! ; or, Θέλω εκείνο! I want that one! ; see below, 9.2.) The Greek words for this (αυτός/-ή/-ό) and that (εκείνος/-η/-ο) are different from their equivalents in English in that they have a specific gender; in Greek this and that can be masculine, feminine, or neuter. The words this or that are also usually used in conjunction with, and in front of, a definite article. So: αυτός/εκείνος ο καλός άνδρας αυτός/εκείνος ο ψηλός τοίχος αυτός/εκείνος ο μικρός χάρτης αυτή/εκείνη η καλή γυναίκα αυτή/εκείνη η μεγάλη πόρτα αυτή/εκείνη η μικρὴ πόλη this/that good man (masculine) this/that high wall this/that small map this/that good woman (feminine) this/that big door this/that small city αυτό/εκείνο το καλό σπίτι this/that good house (neuter) αυτό/εκείνο το μεγάλο δωμάτιο this/that big room αυτό/εκείνο το μικρό πράγμα this/that small thing NOTE! The gender of this/that, and related articles, nouns, etc. must always match. NOTE! αυτός/-ή/-ό and εκείνος/-η/-ο can also sometimes mean he/him, she/her, and it. Θέλω εκείνο! I want him, that one! Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Συγνώμη! Sorry! or Pardon! or Excuse me! Τι σημαίνει [άνδρας]; What does άνδρας mean? Καταλαβαίνεις; Do you understand? Ναι, καταλαβαίνω. Yes, I understand. Οχι, δεν καταλαβαίνω. No, I don t understand. For Quiz 3: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, and the gender of all nouns, articles, and adjectives from Lessons 2-3. You will be able to conjugate to be. You will be able to give all nominative forms of this and that. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-3.

Get Your Greek On! 16 Lesson 4 Essential Grammar 4.1 Possessive Pronouns in the Genitive Case In English, s is often added to the end of a noun to form the possessive (e.g. the girl the girl s dog ). In English, we also use the words my or of mine to denote possession. In Greek, we use a specific set of personal pronouns in the genitive case to show ownership. a) In Greek, to show possession, the following pronouns are used: μου, σου, του, της, μας, σας, and τους. (Lit. the house of mine, yours, etc. ) το σπίτι μου το σπίτι σου το σπίτι του/της/του my house your house his/her/its house το σπίτι μας our house το σπίτι σας your house (polite) το σπίτι τους their house b) In Greek, we use articles, such as this and that (see above, 3.3), along with possessive pronouns to add clarity and specificity: το σπίτι μου αυτό το σπίτι μου εκείνο το σπίτι μου my house/the house of mine this house of mine that house of mine c) When an adjective comes before a noun, the possessive pronoun is usually located between the adjective and the noun. The adjective can also follow the noun (see below, 6.2) with no change in meaning: Ο μικρός μου αδελφός. Ο μικρός αδελφός μου. Το καινούριο σπίτι της. Το καινούριο της σπίτι. Οι καλοί μας φίλοι. Οι καλοί φίλοι μας. My little brother. My little brother. Her new house. Her new house. Our good friends. Our good friends.

Get Your Greek On! 17 4.2 Basic Verb Construction (Future) will be In Greek, you will write or say the word θα before the verb to create the future tense. There are two types of future tense. Here, you will learn only the future continuous, a tense that shows that the future action will take place constantly for some time, perhaps repeatedly, or indefinitely. The future continuous tense is created by placing θα before the present tense form of the verb. So: θα είμαι θα είσαι θα είναι I will be you will be he/she/it will be θα είμαστε we will be θα είσαστε (or θα είστε) you [all] will be (polite) θα είναι they will be Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Τι κάνεις; / Τι κάνετε; How are you? / How are you all? (polite) ένα, δύο, τρία, τέσσερα, πέντε, έξι, επτά, οκτώ, εννέα, δέκα 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 έντεκα, δώδεκα, δεκατρία, δεκατέσσερα, δεκαπέντε, δεκαέξι, δεκαεπτά, δεκαοκτώ, δεκαεννέα, είκοσι, είκοσι ένα, είκοσι δύο... 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 τριάντα, σαράντα, πενήντα, εξήντα, εβδομήντα, ογδόντα, ενενήντα, εκατόν, εκατόν δέκα, εκατόν έντεκα, εκτατόν δώδεκα... 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 111, 112... For Quiz 4: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, the gender, and the cases of all nouns, articles, and adjectives from Lessons 2-4. You will be able to conjugate to be. You will be able to give all nominative forms of this" and that. You will be able to give all forms of the possessive pronouns. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-4.

Get Your Greek On! 18 Lesson 5 Essential Grammar 5.1 An Important Preposition One useful preposition in Greek is σε, which can mean on, at, in, to, and into. Often, this word appears as a prefix to a definite article ( the ) in the accusative case (τον, την, το; see below, 10.1). In these instances, the -ε in σε is omitted. So: στον on/at/in/to/into the (masculine) στην on/at/in/to/into the (feminine) στο on/at/in/to/into the (neuter) The same construction is used with the indefinite article ( a ). So: σ ένα on/at/in/to/into a (masculine) σε μια on/at/in/to/into a (feminine) σ ένα on/at/in/to/into a (neuter) You can use σε in conjunction with the articles, nouns, adjectives, and single verb forms that you have learned to generate hundreds of basic, useful sentences. Sentences of this type provide ideal exercises for learning definite and indefinite articles, the rules for gender, and the rules for nominative and accusative cases (see below, 10.1). So: Ο ψηλός άνδρας είναι στο μικρό δρόμο. The tall man is on the small road. Ένας ψηλός άνδρας είναι σ ένα μικρὸ δρόμο. Α tall man is on a small road. Η καλὴ γυναίκα είναι στη(ν) μεγάλη πόλη. The good woman is in the big city. Μια καλή γυναίκα είναι σε μια μεγάλη πόλη. Α good woman is in a big city. Το μικρό δωμάτιο είναι στο μεγάλο σπίτι. The small room is in the big house.

Get Your Greek On! 19 Ένα μικρὸ δωμάτιο είναι σ ένα μεγάλο σπίτι. A small room is in a big house. Ο νέος άνδρας πηγαίνει στο Λονδίνο. The young man goes to London. Η νεαρή γυναίκα τηγαίνει στην Αθήνα. The young woman goes to Athens. Η κοντή γυναίκα πηγαίνει στο μικρὸ σπίτι. The short woman goes into the small house. Μια κοντή γυναίκα πηγαίνει σ ένα μικρὸ σπίτι. A short woman goes into a small house. 5.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to have έχω έχεις έχει I have you have he/she/it has έχουμε we have έχετε you (all) have (polite) έχουν(ε) they have Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Χαίρετε! Greetings! Καλημέρα! / Καλησπέρα! Good morning! / Good evening! Καλήνύχτα! Good night! For Quiz 5: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, the gender, and the cases of all nouns, articles, adjectives, and prepositions from Lessons 2-5. You will be able to conjugate to be and to have. You will be able to give all nominative forms of this and that. You will be able to give all forms of the possessive pronouns. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-5.

Get Your Greek On! 20 Lesson 6 Essential Grammar 6.1 Questions You will find questions extremely useful for getting around, buying groceries, finding places to have fun, starting conversations, ad making friends. In Greek, ; is the symbol that you will use to indicate that a sentence is a question. So: Τι; What? Ποιος; Who? or Which? (masculine) Ποια; Who? or Which? (feminine) Ποιο; Which? (neuter) Πώς; How? Πού; Where? Γιατί; Why? Πόσο; How much? Πότε; When? Here are some common questions for you to practice: Τι είναι αυτό; Ποιος είναι αυτός ο άνδρας; Ποια είναι αυτή η γυναίκα; Ποιος είναι εκείνος ο άνδρας; Ποια είναι εκείνη η γυναίκα; Πώς σε λένε; Πού πάμε; Γιατί το κάνεις αυτό; Πόσο κάνει το ψωμί; Πότε έχει γενέθλια ο Κώστας; What is this? Who is this man? Who is this woman? Who is that man? Who is that woman? How do they call you? Where are we going? Why are you doing this? How much is the bread? When does Kostas have his birthday? 6.2 Questions and Word Order The order of words in a Greek sentence can vary. These variation carry different emphases but little change in meaning. The reason for this is that the difference between the cases of words (such as the nominative and accusative; see below, 10.1) and the difference between nouns and verbs are easy to distinguish. The position of words can thus be shifted with little

Get Your Greek On! 21 significant difference in sense. Word order can also change when you are asking a question. Sentences in which word order changes provide ideal exercises for playing with simple sentences and questions (see above, 4.1c). So: Ο Μάριος είναι καλό παιδί. Είναι καλό παιδί ο Μάριος. Καλό παιδί είναι ο Μάριος. Είναι ο Μάριος καλό παιδί; Ο Μάριος είναι καλό παιδί; Είναι καλό παιδί ο Μάριος; Marios is a good child. Marios is a good child. Marios is a good child. Is Marios a good child? Is Marios a good child? Is Marios a good child? You can also use the construction above with your pals. παιδί can also be used as slang for kid or guy. So: Ο Πέτρος είναι καλό παιδί. Peter is a good guy. Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Πώς σε λένε; What s your name? (Lit. How do they call you? ) Με λένε Μάριο. My name is Marios. (Lit. They call me Marios. ) Απο πού είσαι; Where are you from? Είμαι απο την Αμερική! I m from America! Τι όμορφη μέρα! What a gorgeous day! Ναι, είναι! Yes, it is! Πόσων χρονών είσαι; How old are you? Είμαι δεκαεννέα χρονών. I am nineteen years old. For Quiz 6: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, the gender, and the cases of all nouns, articles, adjectives, and prepositions from Lessons 2-5. You will be able to conjugate to be and to have. You will be able to give all nominative forms of this and that. You will be able to give all forms of the possessive pronouns. You will be able to form questions using Τι; Ποιος; Ποια; Ποιο; Πώς; and Πού; Γιατί; Πόσο; and Πότε; MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-6.

Get Your Greek On! 22 Lesson 7 Essential Grammar 7.1 Greek Adjectives Functioning as Nouns Another difference between English adjectives and Greek adjectives is that a Greek adjective can sometimes take the place of a noun. This happens when a nominative article and adjective are together understood to imply the presence of a noun. So: Αυτός ο ψηλός είναι γιατρός. This tall [man] is a doctor. Εκείνος ο ψηλός είναι γιατρός. That tall [man] is a doctor. Αυτή η ψηλή είναι γιατρός. This tall [woman] is a doctor. Εκείνη η ψηλή είναι γιατρός. That tall [woman] is a doctor. Ο Μάριος έχει ένα μεγάλο σπίτι και ο Πέτρος έχει ένα μικρό. Marios has a big house and Peter has a small [house]. Η Άντζελα ζει σε μια μεγάλη πόλη και ο Πέτρος ζει σε μια μικρή. Angela lives in a big city and Peter lives in a small [city]. NOTE! Remember, you can usually omit the indefinite article (ένας, μια, ένα) in Greek where in English a or an would be necessary; see 2.4. 7.2 Four Useful Little Words και and αλλά but ή or (NOTE! Careful not to confuse with η, the feminine form of the. ) ακόμα still, or yet or more

Get Your Greek On! 23 7.3 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to do κάνω κάνεις κάνει I do you do he/she/it does κάνουμε we do κάνετε you [all] do (polite) κάνουν they do NOTE! κάνω can also mean I make. Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Θέλω αυτό! I want this one! Θέλω εκείνο! I want that one! Πόσο κάνει; How much does it cost? Κάνει [δέκα] ευρώ. It costs [ten] euro. Είναι δωρεάν, φίλε μου! It s a gift, buddy! Μπορείς να μου γράψεις την τιμή, σε παρακαλώ; Could you please write down the price for me? Δεν έχω τοσὰ πολλὰ χρήματα! I don t have that much money! Έχετε κάτι πιο φτηνό; Do you have something cheaper? For Quiz 7: You will know the meaning, the proper pronunciation, the gender, and the cases of all nouns, articles, adjectives, and prepositions from Lessons 2-5. You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, and to do. You will be able to give all forms of this and that. You will be able to give all forms of the possessive pronouns. You will be able to form questions using Τι; Ποιος; Ποια; Ποιο; Πώς; and Πού; Γιατί; Πόσο; and Πότε; You will know the meaning and the proper pronunciation of και, αλλά, ή, and ακόμα. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-7. You are halfway there! Keep up the good work!

Get Your Greek On! 24 Lesson 8 Essential Grammar 8.1 Plural Nominative Neuter Articles, Nouns, and Adjectives In English, s is often added to the end of a noun to form the plural (e.g. car cars ). In Greek, articles, and the endings of nominative neuter nouns and adjectives change in other ways: a) Articles. For the nominative neuter article and nominative neuter nouns and adjectives ending in ο, you will change the final ο into α when you form the plural. So: singular το μήλο το τρένο το γλυκό μήλο το γρήγορο τρένο plural τα μήλα τα τρένα τα γλυκά μήλα τα γρήγορα τρένα b) Nouns ending in ι. For nominative neuter nouns ending in ι, you will add α when you form the plural. So: singular το παιδί το κορίτσι το καλό παιδί το καλό κορίτσι plural τα παιδιά τα κορίτσια τα καλά παιδιά τα καλά κορίτσια c) Nouns ending in μα. For nominative neuter nouns ending in μα, you will add τα when you form the plural. So: singular το όνομα το πράγμα το καλό πράγμα plural τα ονόματα τα πράγματα τα καλά πράγματα

Get Your Greek On! 25 8.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to go πάω πας πάει I go you go he/she/it goes πάμε we go πάτε you [all] go (polite) πάνε they go Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Πού πάμε; Where are we going? Ας πάμε! Let s go! Πού είναι το λιμάνι; Where is the port? Πού είναι το αυτοκίνητο; Where is the car? Πού είναι Studios Marios; Where is Studios Marios? Πού είναι ο δρόμοος για το Καμάρι; Where is the road to Kamari? Εκεί! There! Δεν είναι μακριά. It is not far. δεξιά right αριστερά left Τι ώρα να φύγουμε; What time should we leave? Τι ώρα φεύγουμε; When do we leave? τώρα now σήμερα today χθές yesterday αποψέ this evening/tonight αυτή την εβδομάδα this week σήμερα το πρωί this morning αυτό το απόγευμα this afternoon. For Quiz 8: You will be able to give the plural forms of το μήλο, το τρένο, το παιδί, το κορίτσι, το όνομα, and το πράγμα. You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, and to go. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-8.

Get Your Greek On! 26 Lesson 9 Essential Grammar 9.1 Plural Forms of Nominative Masculine and Feminine Articles, Nouns, and Adjectives In English, s is often added to the end of a noun to form the plural (e.g. boy boys ). In Greek, articles and the endings of nominative mascualine and feminine nouns and adjectives change in other specific ways: a) Plural articles. You will change the nominative masculine definite article (ο) and the nominative feminine definite article (η) to οι when you form the plural. So: nominative singular ο άνδρας η γυναίκα nominative plural οι άνδρες οι γυναίκες b) Plural nouns and adjectives ending in ος. In the case of nominative nouns and adjectives ending in ος, you will change ος to οι when you form the plural. So: nominative singular ο δρόμος ο μεγάλος δρόμος ο κήπος ο ωραίος κήπος nominative plural οι δρόμοι οι μεγάλοι δρόμοι οι κήποι οι ωραίοι κήποι c) Other plural nouns. For nominative nouns and adjectives with most other endings, you will change the ending to ες when you form the plural. So: nominative singular ο άνδρας ο καλός άνδρας η μέρα η όμορφη μέρα η αδελφή η καλή αδελφή nominative plural οι άνδρες οι καλοί άνδρες οι μέρες οι όμορφες μέρες οι αδελφές οι καλές αδελφές

Get Your Greek On! 27 9.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to want θέλω θέλεις θέλει I want you want he/she/it wants θέλουμε we want θέλετε you [all] want (polite) θέλουν (ε) they want You can also create a polite phrase by adding θα to the imperfect past tense of θέλω. So: θα ήθελα θα ήθελες θα ήθελε I would like you would like he/she/it would like θα θέλαμε we would like θα θέλατε you [all] would like (polite) θα ήθελαν they would like Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Θέλω ένα καφέ, παρακαλώ. I want a coffee, please. Θα ήθελα ένα καφέ, παρακαλώ. I would like a coffee, please. Θέλουμε δύο καφέδες, παρακαλώ. We want two coffees, please. Θα θέλαμε δύο καφέδες, παρακαλώ. We would like two coffees, please. For Quiz 9: You will be able to give the plural forms of ο δρόμος, ο άνδρας, η γυναίκα, η αδελφή, ο κήπος, ο άνδρας, η μέρα, η αδελφή, το μήλο, το τρένο, το παιδί, το κορίτσι, το όνομα, and το πράγμα. You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, and to want. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-9.

Get Your Greek On! 28 Lesson 10 Essential Grammar 10.1 The Nominative Case and the Accusative Case In addition to having different genders, Greek articles, nouns, and adjectives also have different cases. The case of a Greek article, noun, or adjective is determined by the role or function that the article, noun, or adjective takes in a sentence. Most of the articles, nouns, and adjectives that you have learned so far have been in the nominative case. An article and noun (with any associated adjectives) in the nominative case will usually be the subject of a sentence: the noun/case that is doing something. The accusative case is the second most important case in Greek. Usually, an article and noun (with any associated adjectives) in the accusative case will be the object of a sentence: the noun/case to which something is done. When moving from the nominative case into the accusative case, articles, nouns and/or adjectives will often (but not always) change to reflect their new case. The three most important rules for these changes are as follows: a) Definite and Indefinite Articles. nominative ο becomes accusative το(ν) nominative η becomes accusative τη(ν) nominative ένας becomes accusative ένα(ν) (masculine) (feminine) (masculine) All other articles (i.e., the definite article, το, and the indefinite articles, μια, and ένα) do not change when moving into the accusative case. το, τη, and ένα keep the final ν (e.g. τον, την and έναν) when the word following them begins with a vowel or letters κ-, π-, τ-, ξ-, ψ-, τσ- or μπ-. b) Nouns. Nouns ending in -ος, -ης, and -ας, drop the -ς. All other nouns do not change when moving into the accusative case. c) Adjectives. Masculine adjectives always drop their final -ς. All other adejctives do not change when moving into the accusative case.

Get Your Greek On! 29 You should pay attention to those articles, nouns, and adjectives that do change and to those that do not change when moving into the accusative case. Examples of all these changes are shown in the chart below: Nominative Case (subject) Accusative Case (object) ο ψηλός τοίχος the high wall τον ψηλό τοίχο ο καλός άνδρας the good man τον καλό άνδρα ένας μικρός δρόμος a small road ένα μικρό δρόμο η μικρή πόλη the small city τη μικρή πόλη η καλή γυναίκα the good woman την καλὴ γυναίκα μια μεγάλη πόρτα a big door μια μεγάλη πόρτα το όμορφο σπίτι the beautiful house το όμορφο σπίτι το μεγάλο δωμάτιο the big room το μεγάλο δωμάτιo ένα μικρό πράγμα a small thing ένα μικρό πράγμα Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Μένεις εδώ; Do you live here? Είσαι εδώ για διακοπές; Are you here for holidays? Όχι. Είμαι εδώ για σπουδές! No. I m here to study! Ναι! Είμαι εδώ για διακοπές! Yes. I m here for holidays! Πόσο καιρό θα είσαι εδώ; For how long are you here? Θα είμαι εδώ για [δύο] εβδομάδες. I am here for [two] weeks. Σου αρέσει εδώ; Do you like it here? Ναι. Μου αρέσει εδώ! Yes. I like it here! For Quiz 10: You will be able to give the plural and accusative forms of ο δρόμος, ο άνδρας, η γυναίκα, η αδελφή, ο κήπος, ο άνδρας, η μέρα, η αδελφή, το μήλο, το τρένο, το παιδί, το κορίτσι, το όνομα, and το πράγμα. You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, and to want. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-10.

Get Your Greek On! 30 Lesson 11 Essential Grammar 11.1 Plural Forms of the Accusative Case Just as you make changes when you move articles, nouns, and adjectives from the nominative case to the accusative case in the singular, so too will you make changes when you move articles, nouns, and adjectives from the nominative case to the accusative case into the plural. The three most important rules for these changes are as follows: a) Plural articles. οι becomes τους οι become τις τα does not change (masculine) (feminine) (neuter) b) Plural nouns ending in οι. Plural nouns ending in οι will end in ους in the accusative. c) Other plural nouns. Most other plural nouns do not change in the accusative. You should pay attention to those article, nouns, and adjectives that do change and to those that do not change when moving into the accusative case. Examples of these changes are shown in the chart below: Nominative Case (subjects) Accusative Case (objects) οι ψηλοί τοίχοι the big walls τους ψηλούς τοίχους οι καλοί άνδρες the good men τους καλούς άνδρες δύο μικροί δρόμοι two small roads δύο μικρούς δρόμους οι μικρές αδελφές the little sisters τις μικρές αδελφές οι καλές γυναίκες the good women τις καλές γυναίκες δύο μεγάλες πόρτες two big doors δύο μεγάλες πόρτες τα καλά σπίτια the good houses τα καλά σπίτια τα μεγάλα δωμάτια the big rooms τα μεγάλα δωμάτια δύο μικρά πράγματα two small things δύο μικρά πράγματα

Get Your Greek On! 31 11.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to be able (can) μπορώ μπορείς μπορεί I am able - I can you are able - you can he/she/it is able - he/she/it can μπορούμε we are able - we can μπορείτε you [all] are able - you [all] can (polite) μπορούν(ε) they are able - they can You can also create useful phrases (or questions) by placing να after the present tense of μπορώ (or another verb) and adding a second verb. So: Μπορώ να κάνω αυτό; Μπορώ να κάνω αυτό! Μπορείς να διαβάσεις αυτό; Μπορείς να διαβάσεις αυτό! Θέλω να κάνω αυτό; Θελεις να κάνεις αυτο! Can I do this? I can do this! Can you read this? You can read this! I want to do this? You want to do this! Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Θα ήθελες να κάνουμε κάτι αύριο; Would you like to do something tomorrow? Ναι. Αλλά δε μπορώ να κάνω τίποτα αύριο. Yes. But I can t do anything tomorrow. Πότε μπορούμε να κάνουμε κάτι; When can we do something? Δευτέρα, Τρίτη, Τετάρτη, Πέμπτη, Παρασκευή, Σάββατο, Κυριακή Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday For Quiz 11: You will be able to give the plural and accusative forms of ο δρόμος, ο άνδρας, η γυναίκα, η αδελφή, ο κήπος, ο άνδρας, η μέρα, η αδελφή, το μήλο, το τρένο, το παιδὶ, το κορίτσι, το όνομα, and το πράγμα. You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, to want, and to be able. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-11.

Get Your Greek On! 32 Lesson 12 Essential Grammar 12.1 Some Uses of the Accusative So you ve done all this work with the accusative case. What is it good for? a) As noted in Lesson 10, the accusative case is used to denote the object of a sentence: Ο Μάριος ζωγραφίζει τον ψηλό τοίχο. Marios paints the big wall. Όταν η Άντζελα καθαρίζει, μετακινεί την καρέκλα. When Angela cleans, she moves the chair. Σήμερα, το παιδί έφερε το σκύλο του στο σχολείο. Today, the child brought his dog to school. Ο Μάριος και ο Πέτρος ζωγραφίζουν τους ψηλούς τοίχους. Marios and Peter paint the big walls. Η Άντζελα έφερε πολλὲς γάτες στο σπίτι της. Angela brought many cats into her house. b) We also use the accusative after prepositions, such as: σε at/in/to/into με with από from μετά after για for πριν before This allows us to build sentences such as these: Ο Μάριος ζει στην Αθήνα με τη γυναίκα του. Marios lives in Athens with his wife. Ο Πέτρος είναι από την Αμερική. Peter is from America.

Get Your Greek On! 33 Αυτό το μήλο είναι για το Μάριο. This apple is for Marios. Ο Μάριος πάει στην παραλία με τον Πέτρο. Marios goes to the beach with Peter. Ας πάμε στην παραλία μετά τα μαθήματά μας! Let s go to the beach after our lessons! Όχι! Ας πάμε στην παραλία πρὶν τα μαθήματά μας! No! Let s go to the beach before our lessons! 12.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to bring φέρνω φέρνεις φέρνει I bring you bring he/she/it brings φέρνουμε we bring φέρνετε you [all] bring (polite) φέρνουν(ε) they bring Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Πώς πάμε; Τι γίνεται; How s it going? What s happening? Τι νέα; What s new? Τίποτα! Βαριέμαι! Nothing! I m bored! Ας πάμε θα διασκεδάσουμε! Let s go do something fun! Πού; Where? Στα Φηρά, φυσικά! Fira, of course! Τι θα κάνουμε εκεί; What will we do there? Τι νομίζετε; Θα διασκεδάσουμε! What do you think? We ll have fun! For Quiz 12: You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, to want, to be able, and to bring. You will understand two important uses of the accusative case. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-12.

Get Your Greek On! 34 Lesson 13 Essential Grammar 13.1 Personal Pronouns Greek personal pronouns in the nominative case follow a pattern very similar to their counterparts in English. So: εγώ Ι εμείς we εσύ you εσείς you [all] αυτός/-ή/-ό he/she/it αυτοί/-ές/-ά they (m/f/n) However, since Greek verbs hold the nominative (subject) personal pronoun within the verb form itself (see above, 3.2), the use of the personal pronoun in the nominative case is usually reserved for special emphasis: Τον βλέπουμε. Εμείς τoν βλέπουμ, όχι εσείς! We see him. We see him, not you! The most frequently used form of personal pronouns are the so-called weak forms of the accusative case. These are personal pronouns that serve as the object of a subject s action (see above, 10.1). Note the change between the nominative and accusative cases: με me μας us σε you σας you [all] τον him τους them (masculine) την her τις them (feminine) το it τα them (neuter) Με βλέπουν. Σε βλέπουν. Τον βλέπουν. Την βλέπουν. Το βλέπουν. Μας βλέπουν. Σας βλέπουν. Τους βλέπουν. Τις βλέπουν. Τα βλέπουν. They see me. They see you. They see him. They see her. They see it. They see us. They see you [all]. They see them (m). They see them (f). They see them (n).

Get Your Greek On! 35 13.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to ask ρωτάω ρωτάς ρωτάει I ask you ask he/she/it asks ρωτάμε we ask ρωτάτε you [all] ask (polite) ρωτάνε they ask Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Τι ώρα θα συναντηθούμε; What time will we meet? Πού θα συναντηθούμε; Where will we meet? Ας συναντηθούμε στις οχτώ! Let s meet at eight! Ας συναντηθούμε στα Φηρά! Let s meet in Fira! Είσαι έτοιμος; Είμαι έτοιμος! (m) Are you ready! I am ready! Είσαι έτοιμη; Είμαι έτοιμη! (f) Are you ready! I am ready! Πού θα είσαι; Where will you be? Τα λέμε! (slang) See you soon! For Quiz 13: You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, to want, to be able, to bring, and to ask. You will understand two important uses of the accusative case. You will know and be able to pronounce the personal pronouns in the nominative and accusative cases. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-13.

Get Your Greek On! 36 Lesson 14 Essential Grammar 14.1 Liking Something and the Genitive Case When you are shopping, eating, or out in the clubs, you might want to say that you like something (or someone!). Here, the Greek verb αρέσω is useful. There are two fun challenges with this verb. The first is that when you use the verb αρέσω, you will need to use it with the genitive case that you learned in Lesson 4. Here, however, the genitive case is not used to show possession, but rather is used to denote the object of the verb. The second challenge is that when you use the verb αρέσω, the thing that you like is actually the subject of the sentence. For example: Μου αρέσει ο καφές. I like coffee. Here, ο καφές is the subject, αρέσει the verb, and Μου the genitive object. Literally, what you are saying is, The coffee pleases me. So: Μου αρέσει ο καφές. Σου αρέσει ο καφές. Του/της/του αρέσει ο καφές. Μας αρέσει ο καφές. Σας αρέσει ο καφές. Τους αρέσει ο καφές. I like coffee. You like coffee. He/she/it likes coffee. We like coffee. You [all] like coffee. They like coffee. You can also use nominative forms of this and that to add specificity to your sentence. This is very useful for pointing. So: Μου αρέσει αυτό/εκείνο το ψάρι. I like this/that fish. (Lit. This/that fish pleases me. ) Μου αρέσει αυτό/ εκείνο το μήλο. I like this/that apple. (Lit. This/that apple pleases me. ) Αυτός /εκείνος μου αρέσει. Αυτή/ εκείνη μου αρέσει. I like him. (Lit. This/that man pleases me. ) I like her. (Lit. This/that woman pleases me. )

Get Your Greek On! 37 14.2 Basic Verb Construction (Present) to speak, to talk μιλάω μιλάς μιλάει I speak you speak he/she/it speaks μιλάμε we speak μιλάτε you [all] speak (polite) μιλάνε they speak Essential Phrases and Vocabulary Αύριο είναι η τελευταία μέρα μου εδώ. Tomorrow is my last day here. Δε θέλω να φύγω. I don t want to go. Θέλω να μείνω στην Ελλάδα για πάντα! I want to stay in Greece forever! Να τα ξαναπούμε! Γεια. We ll be in touch. Good-bye. For Quiz 14: You will be able to conjugate to be, to have, to do, to go, to want, to be able, to bring, to ask, and to speak. You will understand two important uses of the accusative case. You will know and be able to pronounce the personal pronouns in the nominative and accusative cases. You will know and be able to use the verb αρέσω and the genitive case pronouns. MOST IMPORTANT! You will know and be able to pronounce all essential phrases and vocabulary from Lessons 1-14.

Part Two. The Glossary

Get Your Greek On! 40 Essential Vocabulary The following glossary contains all the Greek words used in this book and many more that you might find useful. m/f/n is used to denote masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The definite article is not translated into English in the case of proper nouns (see above, 2.3). GREEK - ENGLISH Α ο/η αδελφός/-η αγαπώ η αγορά αγοράζω τα Αγγλικά ο αέρας ακόμα ακούω το αλάτι η αλήθεια αλλά αλλάζω η Αμερική ανάβω ο άνδρας o άνθρωπος από το απόγευμα αρέσω αριστερά αύριο το αυτοκίνητο αυτός/-ή/-ό Β βάζω βεβαίως το βιβλίο βλέπω η βοήθεια το βουνό the brother/ the sister I love the market I buy English (language) the wind still, yet, more I hear the salt the truth but I change America turn on; light the man the man (the human being) from the afternoon I please left tomorrow the car this (m/f/n) I put; I place certainly the book I see the help the mountain

Get Your Greek On! 41 το βράδυ βρίσκω Γ η γάτα το γατάκι ο γείτονας γελάω γεμάτος/-η/-ο η γη για γιατί ο γιατρός γλυκός/-ιά/-ό η γλώσσα το γράμμα γρήγορος/-η/-ο η γυναίκα γυρίζω Δ το δάσος δεν δεξιά οι διακοπές διάφοροι/-ες/-α διψάω δοκιμάζω ο δρόμος δύσκολος/-η/-ο τo δωμάτιο το δώρο Ε η εβδομάδα εδώ το έθνος εγώ η Ελλάδα τα Ελληνικά the night I find the cat the kitten the neighbor I laugh full (m/f/n) the earth for because ( what for ) the doctor sweet (m/f/n) the language; the tongue the letter quick (m/f/n) the woman I return the forest not (negates verbs) right the vacation several (m/f/n) I thirst I try the way, street, or road difficult (m/f/n) the room the gift the week here the nation Ι Greece Greek

Get Your Greek On! 42 είμαι εκεί εκείνος/-η/-ο εμείς ένα ένας ενώ έξω επίσης επόμενος/-η/-ο η εποχή ο εργάτης έτσι το ευρώ εσύ εσείς έτοιμος/-η/-ο ευχαριστώ έχω Ζ ζέστη ζωγραφίζω η ζωή το ζώο Η η ή ήδη Θ η θάλασσα θέλω το θέμα η θέση I am there that (m/f/n) we a (n) a (m) while out; outside also; too next (m/f/n) the season the worker thus; so the euro you you [all] ready (m/f/n) I thank I have hot I paint the life the animal the (f) or NOTE! Don t confuse with η the (f)! already the sea I want the subject; the point the seat

Get Your Greek On! 43 Ι ο ιδιοκτήτης ο ίδιος ιδίως ίσιος Κ και καθαρίζω καθαρός/-ή/-ό κάθε καινούριος/-ια/-ο καλός/-ή/-ό κάνω κάποιος κάποτε κάπου η καρδιά η καρέκλα καταλαβαίνω κάτι ο κήπος το κλειδί κλείνω κόκκινος/-η/-ο κοντός/-ή/-ό κοντά το κορίτσι το κρεβάτι Λ το λάδι το λάθος το λεπτό λέω το λεωφορείο λίγο το λιμάνι το Λονδίνο the owner the same [one] especially straight and I clean clean (m/f/n) every new (m/f/n) good (m/f/n) I make somebody sometime somewhere the heart the chair I understand some the garden the key I close red (m/f/n) short close the girl the bed the oil (olive) the mistake the minute I say the bus little the port London

Get Your Greek On! 44 Μ μα μακριά μαζί με μετά μεγάλος/-η/-ο μετακινώ μένω η μέρα μιλάω το μήλο ο μήνας μήπως η μητέρα μια μικρός/-ή/-ό μόνο μόνος/-η/-ο το μουσείο μπλε μπορώ η μπύρα το μωρό Ν ναι τα νέα το νερό το νησί νομίζω η νύχτα νωρίς Ξ το ξενοδοχείο ξένος/-η/-ο ξέρω ξυπνάω but far together with after big (m/f/n) I move (something) I stay the day I speak the apple the month perhaps the mother one (f) small (m/f/n) only alone (m/f/n) the museum blue I can; I am able the beer the baby yes the news the water the island I think the night early the hotel foreign; foreigner (m/f/n) I know I wake up

Get Your Greek On! 45 Ο ο ο οδηγός η οικογένεια όλος όμορφος/-η/-ο το όνομα όταν ότι ούτε... ούτε όχι Π το παζάρεμα το παιδί το παιχνίδι παίζω πάλι παλιός/ά/ό πάντα το παράθυρο παρακαλώ πεινάω περίπου η πόλη ποιoς/-α/-ο πολλοί/-ές/-ά η πόρτα το πράγμα πριν το πρωί πού πώς Ρ το ράδιο ρωτάω το ρεύμα τα ρούχα the (m) the driver the family whole handsome/beautiful (m/f/n) the name when that neither nor no the bargain the child the game I play again old (m/f/n) always the window please; you are welcome I am hungry approximately the city who; which(m/f/n) many; several (m/f/n) the door the thing before the morning where how the radio I ask the electricity the clothes

Get Your Greek On! 46 Σ σαν σε σήμερα σύντομα το σπίτι οι σπουδές η στιγμή στρίβω η στροφή συγνώμη το συμφέρον συμφωνώ συναντώ σύνολο το σώμα σωστό Τ το ταξίδι τέλειος/-ια/-ο τελευταίος/-α/-ο τι η τιμή τίποτα το ο τοίχος η τουαλέτα τραγουδάω το τρένο η τράπεζα τώρα Υ η υγεία ο ύπνος Φ το φαγητό το φεγγάρι like in/into today soon the house the studies the moment; the second I turn the turn excuse me the interest I agree I meet total; whole the body correct the journey, the trip perfect (m/f/n) last what the price nothing the (n) the wall the toilet I sing the train the bank now the health the sleep the food the moon

Get Your Greek On! 47 φέρνω ο/η φίλος/-η ο φοιτητής/ η φοιτήτρια η φράση φρέσκος/-ια/-ο φτηνός/-ή/-ό φεύγω φυσικά η φωνή Χ ο χάρτης τα χρήματα ο χορός ο χώρος ο χρόνος η χώρα χωρίς Ψ το ψάρι ψηλός/-ή/-ό το ψωμί Ω η ώρα ωραίος /-α/-ο I bring the friend (m/f) the student (m/f) the phrase fresh (m/f/n) cheap (m/f/n) I leave naturally the voice the map, the paper the money the dance the area the year; time the country without the fish tall (m/f/n) the bread the time beautiful (m/f/n)

Get Your Greek On! 48 ENGLISH-GREEK A a (m/f/n) I am able after the afternoon again I agree alone (m/f/n) already also always I am America and the animal the apple approximately the area I ask B the baby the bank the bargain beautiful (m/f/n) beautiful (m/f/n) because (lit. what for ) the bed the beer before big (m/f/n) blue the body the book the bread I bring the brother the bus but ένας/μία/ ένα μπορώ μετά το απόγευμα πάλι συμφωνώ μόνος/-η/-ο ήδη επίσης πάντα είμαι η Αμερική και το ζώο το μήλο περίπου ο χώρος ρωτάω το μωρό η τράπεζα η παζάρεμα ωραίος /-α/-ο όμορφος/-η/-ο γιατί το κρεβάτι η μπύρα πριν μεγάλος/-η/-ο μπλε το σώμα το βιβλίο το ψωμί φέρνω ο αδελφός το λεωφορείο αλλά

Get Your Greek On! 49 but I buy C I can the car the cat certainly the chair I change cheap (m/f/n) the child the city I clean clean (m/f/n) I close close the clothes correct the country D the dance the day difficult (m/f/n) the doctor the door the driver E early the earth the electricity English especially the euro every excuse me μα αγοράζω μπορώ το αυτοκίνητο η γάτα βεβαίως η καρέκλα αλλάζω φτηνός/-ή/-ό το παιδί η πόλη καθαρίζω καθαρός/-ή/-ό κλείνω κοντά τα ρούχα σωστό η χώρα ο χορός η μέρα δύσκολος/-η/-ο ο γιατρός η πόρτα ο οδηγός νωρίς η γη το ρεύμα τα Αγγλικά ιδίως το ευρώ κάθε συγνώμη