The research progress of variable lymphocyte receptors-a novel adaptive immune

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1 527 [ ] * [ ] (variable lymphocyte receptor, ) T/B T/B [ ] [ ] Q71 [ ] A The research progress of variable lymphocyte receptors-a novel adaptive immune system LI Mo, WU Fenfang, LIU Xin, LI Qingwei Institute of Marine Genomics & Proteomics, Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning Dalian , China [Abstract] Lamprey, as ancestor of vertebrates, is an ancient animal. In recent years, a new kind of variable receptors, variable lymphocyte receptor (), is found in lamprey. Similarly to the immunoglobulin-type antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, is a kind of important immune receptor molecule of jawless vertebrates, which can not identify abundant of antigen, but also has the similar functions of T/B lymphocytes receptor. This particular receptor plays an important role in revealing the origin and evolution of the immune system. Studies show that this new type of variable lymphocyte receptor has special forming mechanism, structure, and characteristics. Recently a lot of studies have been made and a further understanding to its forming mechanism, structure and function has been gained, and now it has been proved that and T/B lymphocytes receptor possess certain similarity. In this article, we summarize some recent research progresses about variable lymphocyte receptor, and provided the relevant data for the further study of the origin and evolution of adaptive immune system. [Key words] Lamprey; Jawless vertebrate; Adaptive immune; Variable lymphocyte receptor; Germline gene variable lymphocyte receptor, [1] 2 (Leucine-rich repeat, LRR) [3] T B [4-5] TCR BCR, V J C [2] TCR BCR (2007CB815802) (2007AA09Z428) ( ) (2006R T T103) : * : Tel: ; liqw@263.net

2 IMMUNOLOGICAL JOURNAL Vol. 27 No. 6 Jun LRR1 LRRNT LRR g 1 [12] 2 " [6] LRR LRR [3] LRR 2000 Shintani [7] LRR [13] PU.1/ Spi-B Ikaros Ebf Gata Pax -2/5/8 AID-APOBEC PmCDA1 PmCDA2 [8] Bach2 DNA CD45 SYK DNA Src SH LRR [9-10] LRR [12] CXCR4 3 SDF-1 IL-8 IL-8R IL-17 IL- 17R LRRNT 30~38 LRRV 2004 Pancer [5] CP 13 LRRCT 48~58 LRRV T/B LRR1 18 1~9 LRRs LRR 24 1 / Stalk [11,14-15] GPI GPI 2 ( 1b) LRR 2 1a (germline gene, [16] g), LRR, M r ( 1a) g 13 kb 3 1 5' LRRNT 25' [11] LRRCT 33' LRRCT 3.2 LRR LRRV LRR g LRR 24 [5] XLXXLXXLXLXXNQLXXLPXXXFX 5 LRR 7 LXXLXLX LRR β g 17 LRRNT LRRCT LRRNT α 3' LRR1 5' LRR LRRNT

3 529 a b LRRCT 3.4 GPI LRRNT 1 β 2 LRRCT 1 α 2 B LRRCT [15] 3.3 A B 2 2 A B 1, 1 B, 2 [14] 1 2 [12] A 8 LRR [18] LRR1 LRRV1 V5 LRRVe LRRCP [15] 17 -H LRRNT β 2 LRRCT H 1 α 2 B 5 LRR LRR1 LRRV1 LRRV2 LRRVe LRRCP HEL LRRNT LRRCT [16] A B LRRNT 3.5 A B LR- RCT α 4 [18] a) rearranging of jawless vertebrates; b) mature structure. 1 [1,6] Fig 1 structure [1,6] hen egg white lysozyme

4 IMMUNOLOGICAL JOURNAL Vol. 27 No. 6 Jun H T/B [21] -HEL B T VL- [15-16] RA B 3.7 LRRCT (bacillus anthracis exosporium, BclA) B O H BclA [17,22] IgM BclA-CTD HEL HEL [16,19] T/B A B A B T B A (glycoprotein Ibα GPIbα) B 3 GPIbα GPIbβ GPIX [12] A A B LRRCT B A B B LRR GPIbα GPIbα B LRRNT LRRCT LRRV B C / Phytohaemagglutinin, PHA [12] GPIbα g 5' A A GPIbα T (Von willebrand factor, VWF) A B LRRCT [16,23] B A B B:A 8 1 B [20]

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