available Investigation of Surfactant Effect on Agglomeration of Magnetite Nanoparticles in Ferrofluid

Transcript

1 available (392) 7 / 4 3 * : : 2 ( ) : : / 6 / 20 : 9 / 7 / 9 : 90 / / 6 :... (FTIR) (XRD) (AGFM). (DLS) %0.. 3 nm 2 nm.. : Investigation of Surfactant Effect on Agglomeration of Magnetite Nanoparticles in Ferrofluid M. Ghanbari, E. Ghasemi *2, S. Baghshahi 3, A. Nemati 4 Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branche, P.O.Box: , Tehran, Iran 2 Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O.Box: , Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Technical and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, P.O.Box: Ghazvin, Iran 4 Departement of Material Engineering, Sharif University, P.O.Box: , Tehran, Iran Received: Accepted: Available online: In this research the effects of surfactant concentration and its addition time in the synthesis procedure of kerosene based ferrofluid were investigated. Magnetite nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method and were dispersed in Kerosene as carrier liquid. Oleic acid was used as surfactant. Powder X-ray diffraction was used to phase identification and crystallite size was calculated via scherrer formula. For investigating of surfactant adhesion on particles Fourrier transform infrared spectroscopy was used. Magnetic properties were studied using alternative gradient force measurement. Size and distribution of agglomerates were studied by dynamic laser scattering. Results show that addition of surfactant before reaction effectively prevents from agglomeration. If oleic acid is added about 0wt% before reaction, hydrodynamic size and particle size will be 2nm and 3nm respectively. It was revealed that the size of agglomerates and their distribution are effectively changed when the concentration and addition time of surfactant is changed. J. Color Sci. Tech. 7(203), Institute for Color Science and Technology. Keywords:Ferrofluid, Surfactant, Agglomeration, Magnetite, Nanoparticles *Corresponding author: eghasemi@icrc.ac.ir

2 86.[] :.[4-6] C 8 H 34 O 2 CH 3 (CH 2 ) 7 CH=CH(CH 2 ) 7 COOH) 2.[7]. 9]. [0] [8.[] :2 [2] nm [4] [3]. 3 CoFe 2 O 4 ( ) Fe 2 O 3 γ- ( ) Fe 3 O 4.[]...[2] nm.[]....[3] K B T 2 nm..[]..[ 3].. 3- Xuman 4- SDBS - Surfactant 2- Agglomeration (392)

3 (XRD) X PW800 X.... FTIR FTIR (NICOLET) (AGFM). (DLS) nm Malvern XRD XRD..... (FeCl 3.6H 2 O) (FeCl 2.4H 2 O).[6] : 2 0.9λ D = ( 2) β cosθ β X λ 2. θ (3). 2. II 2 III [5] : 2 FeCl 3.6H 2 O + FeCl 2.4H 2 O Fe 3 O 4 +8NH 4 Cl+20H 2 O ( ) FeCl 2.4H 2 O FeCl 3.6H 2 O 0,5 2:. 0. min 70 ml. 600 rpm 5 Fe 3 O 4.. : (wt%) %0 %0 %4 FFSO FFSO6 2- Scherrer - Sigma Aldrich (392)

4 88.. FTIR. 4 FFSO6 FFSO (C-H) (C-O) (O-H) (O-H). (C-O). :2 (nm) 2,8 4,2 FFSO FFSO FFSO6. XRD :3 (392)

5 89 (FFSO6 AGFM FFSO FFSO) :4. 5 FFSO6 M.[9-22] FFSO6. FFSO. FTIR 285 FFSO6 (C-H) [23] -Dravid. FFSO (C-O) FFSO6 700 FFSO 72 CO 2. (Fe-O) (Fe-O) (C-H) FFSO.[7 8] (392)

6 90.FFSO6 FFSO :5 µ 0 T k χ i. M s..[24] M /H M 50,68 emu/g FFSO6 M S. χ i = (dm/dh) H~ 0. 58,30 FFSO emu/g 5,65 emu/g χ i M-H 3.[].. (2 ) (3 ). FFSO.[9].. ) (... D m 8kT χ i = πµ 2 0 M s 3 :[24] 3 (3). :3 Dm ( nm ) MS ( emu / g ) MR ( emu / g ) Hc ( Oe ) χ i 2,7 50,68 0,7,24 7,62 FFSOl 3,6 5,56 0,26,6 9,4 5 58,3 0,36,9 FFSO6 (392)

7 9. FFSO6 FFSO.. FFSO FFSO.. FFSO FFSO. ( ) DLS FFSO 4.. (Dm) Number (%) 2,7 3, :4 (nm) 2,8 4, (nm) FFSOl FFSO Particle size (nm) FFSO6 FFSO. :6 (392)

8 ). (. S. Odenbach, Magnetoviscouse effects in ferrofluids, Springer-Verlarg Berlin Heidelberg, R. Rosensweig, ferrohydrodynamics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York S. Odenbach, Ferrofluids, Handbook of magnetic materials, Edited by K. H. J. Buschow, vol. 6. Hardbound, S. M. Hosseini, A. Fazlali, E. Ghasemi, H. Ahmadi Moghadam, M. Salehi, Rheological properties of a γ- Fe 2 O 3 paraffin-based ferrofluid. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 322(200), E. Ghasemi, M. Edrissi, A. Mirhabibi, Synthesis and rheological properties of an iron oxide ferrofluid. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320(2008), K. S. Wilson, J. D. Goff, J. S. Riffle, L. A. Harris, T. G. St. Pierre, Polydimethylsiloxane-magnetite nanoparticles complexes and dispersions in polydimethlysiloxane carrier fluids. Polym. Adv. Technol. 6 (2005), H. Chen, S. Liu, Y. Li, C. Deng, X. Zhang, P. Yang, Development of oleic acid-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles as hydrophobic probes for concentrating peptides with MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Proteomics. (20), A. Wooding, M. Kilner, D. B. Lambrick, Studies of the double surfactant layer stabilization of water-based magnetic fluids. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 44(99) Y. Sahoo, H. Pizem, T. Fried, D. Golodnitsky, L. Burstein, C. N. Sukenik, G. Markovich, Alkyl phosphonate/phosphate coating on magnetite nanoparticles: A comparison with fatty acids. Langmuir. 7(200), M. V. Avdeev, D. Bica, L.Vekas, O. Marinica, M. Balasoiu, V. L. Aksenov, L. Rosta, V. M. Garamus, A. Schreyer, On the possibility of using short chain length mono-carboxylic acids for stabilization of magnetic fluids. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 3(2007), E. Ghasemi, Investigation on rheological properties iron oxide ferrofluid, Ph.D thesis, materials and metallurgy department, Iran university of science and technology, February X. Wang, C. Zhang, Xiaoliang Wang b, Hongchen Gu, The study on magnetite particles coated with bilayer surfactants. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253(2007), L. Fu, V. P. Dravid, D. L. Johnson, Self assembeled 5 (SA) bilayer molecular coating on magnetic nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 8(200), M. M. Hanjani, E. Ghasemi, M. Safi, Effect of temperature and atmosphere of co-precipitation reaction on the magnetic and colorimetric properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. J. Color Sci. Tech. 7(203), A. Kumar Gupta, M. Gupta, Synthesis and surface engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Biomater. 26(2005), D. Maity, D. C. Agrawal, Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles under oxidizing environment and their stabilization in aqueous and non-aqueous media. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 308(2007), M. Klokkenburg, J. Hilhorst, B. H. Erne, Surface analysis of magnetite nanoparticles in cyclohexane solutions of oleic acid and oleylamine. Vib. Spectrosc. 43(2007), L. Zhang, R. He, H. Ch. Gu; Oleic acid coating on the monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253(2006), T. Ozkaya, M. S. Toprak, A. Baykal, H. Kavas, Y. Koseoglu, B. Aktas, Synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 nano particles at 00 C and its magnetic characterization. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 472(2009), L. Fu, V. P. Dravid, D. L. Johnson, Self- assembled bilayer molecular coating on magnetic nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 8(200), M. T. Lopez- Lopez, J. D. G. Duran, A. V. Delgado, F. Gonzalez- Caballero, Stability and magnetic characterization of oleate-covered magnetic ferrofluids in different nonpolar carriers. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 29(2005), P. Gurdia, B. Betlle- Brugal, A. G. roca, O. Iglesias, M. P. Morales, C. J. Sema, A. Labarta, X. Battle; Surfactant effects in magnetic nanoparticles of controlled size. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 36(2007), L. Fu, V.P. Dravid, D. L. Johnson, Self-assembled (SA) bilayer molecular coating on magnetic nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 8(200), D. Bikka, L. Vekas, M. J. Rasa, Preparation and magnetic properties of concentrated magnetic fluids on alcohol and water carrier liquids. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 252(2002), 0-2. (392)