PROPERTIES OF COMMON LABORATORY SOLVENTS

Μέγεθος: px

Εμφάνιση ξεκινά από τη σελίδα:

Download "PROPERTIES OF COMMON LABORATORY SOLVENTS"

Κλεόπας Στεφανόπουλος
5 χρόνια πριν
Προβολές:

1 PROPERTIES OF COMMON LABORATORY SOLVENTS This table give properties of 200 organic solvents which are frequently used in laboratory and industrial applications. Compounds are listed in alphabetical order by the most common name; synonyms are given in some cases. The properties tabulated are: MF: Molecular formula CAS RN: Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number M r : Molecular weight t m : Melting point in C t b: Normal boiling point in C ρ: Density in g/cm 3 at the temperature in C indicated by the superscript c p : Specific heat capacity of the liquid at constant pressure at 25 C in J/g K vp: Vapor pressure at 25 C in kpa (1 kpa = 7.50 mmhg) µ: Electric dipole moment in debye units. Values in parentheses are measurements on the pure liquid or in solution; these are less reliable than the other values, which were obtained in the gas phase. FP: Flash point temperature in C. The fact that no flash point is listed does not necessarily mean that the substance is nonflammable, because some liquids will burn if the quantity is large or impurities are present. Fl. Lim.: Flammable (explosive) range in air in percent by volume Ign. Temp.: Autoignition temperature in C TLV: Threshold limit for allowable airborne concentration, given in parts per million by volume at 25 C and atmospheric pressure (see table Threshold Limit Values for Airborne Contaminants in Section 16) -1- REFERENCES 1. Lide, D.R., Handbook of Organic Solvents, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Lide, D.R., and Kehiaian, H.V., CRC Handbook of Thermophysical and Thermochemical Data, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Riddick, J.A., Bunger, W.B., and Sakano, T.K., Organic Solvents, Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials, 10th Edition, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, Urben, P.G., Ed., Bretherick s Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, Acetal (1,1-Diethoxyethane) C 6 H 14 O (1.4) % 230 Acetic acid C 2 H 4 O % Acetone C 3 H 6 O % Acetonitrile C 2 H 3 N % Acetylacetone C 5 H 8 O (2.8) Acrylonitrile C 3 H 3 N % Adiponitrile C 6 H 8 N < % Allyl alcohol C 3 H 6 O % Allylamine C 3 H 7 N % Aminoisobutanol C 4 H 11 NO Benzal chloride C 7 H 6 Cl (2.1) Benzaldehyde C 7 H 6 O (3.0) Benzene C 6 H % Benzonitrile C 7 H 5 N Benzyl chloride C 7 H 7 Cl (1.8) 67 1% Bromochloromethane CH 2 BrCl (1.7) 200 Bromoform (Tribromomethane) CHBr

2 -2- Butyl acetate C 6 H 12 O (1.9) % Butyl alcohol C 4 H 10 O % sec-butyl alcohol C 4 H 10 O (1.8) % tert-butyl alcohol C 4 H 10 O (1.7) % Butylamine C 4 H 11 N % tert-butylamine C 4 H 11 N (1.3) % 380 Butyl methyl ketone C 6 H 12 O (2.7) % p-tert-butyltoluene C 11 H γ-butyrolactone C 4 H 6 O Caprolactam C 6 H 11 NO <0.01 (3.9) Carbon disulfide CS % Carbon tetrachloride CCl Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane C 2 H 3 ClF Chlorobenzene C 6 H 5 Cl % Chloroform CHCl Chloropentafluoroethane C 2 ClF Cumene (Isopropylbenzene) C 9 H % Cyclohexane C 6 H % Cyclohexanol C 6 H 12 O % Cyclohexanone C 6 H 10 O % Cyclohexylamine C 6 H 13 N (1.3) % Cyclopentane C 5 H <-7 2% Cyclopentanone C 5 H 8 O p-cymene C 10 H % 436 cis-decalin C 10 H trans-decalin C 10 H % 255 Diacetone alcohol C 6 H 12 O (3.2) % ,2-Dibromoethane C 2 H 4 Br (1.2) Dibromofluoromethane CHBr 2 F Dibromomethane CH 2 Br ,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane C 2 Br 2 F Dibutylamine C 8 H 19 N (1.0) % o-dichlorobenzene C 6 H 4 Cl % ,1-Dichloroethane C 2 H 4 Cl % ,2-Dichloroethane C 2 H 4 Cl (1.8) % ,1-Dichloroethylene C 2 H 2 Cl % cis-1,2-dichloroethylene C 2 H 2 Cl % trans-1,2-dichloroethylene C 2 H 2 Cl % Dichloroethyl ether C 4 H 8 Cl 2 O (2.6) 55 3% Dichloromethane CH 2 Cl % ,2-Dichloropropane C 3 H 6 Cl (1.8) % ,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane C 2 Cl 2 F Diethanolamine C 4 H 11 NO <0.01 (2.8) % Diethylamine C 4 H 11 N % Diethyl carbonate C 5 H 10 O Diethylene glycol C 4 H 10 O <0.01 (2.3) % 224 Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether C 6 H 14 O (2.0) 67 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether C 6 H 14 O (1.6) 96

3 -3- Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate C 8 H 16 O (1.8) Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether C 5 H 12 O (1.6) % 240 Diethylenetriamine C 4 H 13 N (1.9) % Diethyl ether C 4 H 10 O % Diisobutyl ketone C 9 H 18 O (2.7) % Diisopropyl ether C 6 H 14 O % N,N-Dimethylacetamide C 4 H 9 NO (3.7) % Dimethylamine C 2 H 7 N % Dimethyl disulfide C 2 H 6 S (1.8) 24 N,N-Dimethylformamide C 3 H 7 NO % Dimethyl sulfoxide C 2 H 6 OS % 215 1,4-Dioxane C 4 H 8 O % ,3-Dioxolane C 3 H 6 O Dipentene C 10 H Epichlorohydrin C 3 H 5 ClO (1.8) % Ethanolamine (Glycinol) C 2 H 7 NO (2.3) % Ethyl acetate C 4 H 8 O % Ethyl acetoacetate C 6 H 10 O % 295 Ethyl alcohol C 2 H 6 O % Ethylamine C 2 H 7 N < % Ethylbenzene C 8 H % Ethyl bromide C 2 H 5 Br % Ethyl chloride C 2 H 5 Cl % Ethylene carbonate C 3 H 4 O <0.01 (4.9) 143 Ethylenediamine C 2 H 8 N % Ethylene glycol C 2 H 6 O % Ethylene glycol diethyl ether C 6 H 14 O Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether C 4 H 10 O Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether C 6 H 14 O (2.1) % Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether C 4 H 10 O (2.1) % Ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate C 6 H 12 O (2.2) % Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether C 3 H 8 O % Ethylene glycol momomethyl ether acetate C 5 H 10 O (2.1) % Ethyl formate C 3 H 6 O % Furan C 4 H 4 O <0 2-14% Furfural C 5 H 4 O (3.5) % Furfuryl alcohol C 5 H 6 O (1.9) % Glycerol C 3 H 8 O <0.01 (2.6) % 370 Heptane C 7 H % Heptanol C 7 H 16 O Hexane C 6 H % Hexanol (Caproyl alcohol) C 6 H 14 O Hexylene glycol C 6 H 14 O <0.01 (2.9) % Hexyl methyl ketone C 8 H 16 O (2.7) 52 Isobutyl acetate C 6 H 12 O (1.9) % Isobutyl alcohol C 4 H 10 O %

4 -4- Isobutylamine C 4 H 11 N (1.3) % 378 Isopentyl acetate C 7 H 14 O (1.9) % Isophorone C 9 H 14 O % Isopropyl acetate C 5 H 10 O % Isopropyl alcohol C 3 H 8 O % Isoquinoline C 9 H 7 N d-limonene (Citrene) C 10 H ,6-Lutidine C 7 H 9 N (1.7) Mesitylene C 9 H % Mesityl oxide C 6 H 10 O (2.8) % Methyl acetate C 3 H 6 O % Methylal C 3 H 8 O (0.7) % Methyl alcohol CH 4 O % Methylamine CH 5 N % Methyl benzoate C 8 H 8 O (1.9) 83 Methylcyclohexane C 7 H % Methyl ethyl ketone C 4 H 8 O % N-Methylformamide C 2 H 5 NO Methyl formate C 2 H 4 O % Methyl iodide CH 3 I Methyl isobutyl ketone C 6 H 12 O % Methyl isopentyl ketone C 7 H 14 O % Methylpentane C 6 H < % Methyl-2-pentanol C 6 H 14 O % 25 Methyl pentyl ketone C 7 H 14 O (2.6) % Methyl propyl ketone C 5 H 10 O (2.7) 7 2-8% N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone C 5 H 9 NO (4.1) % 346 Morpholine C 4 H 9 NO % Nitrobenzene C 6 H 5 NO % Nitroethane C 2 H 5 NO % Nitromethane CH 3 NO % Nitropropane C 3 H 7 NO % Nitropropane C 3 H 7 NO % Octane C 8 H % Octanol C 8 H 18 O (1.8) 81 Pentachloroethane C 2 HCl Pentamethylene glycol C 5 H 12 O (2.5) Pentane C 5 H < % Pentanol C 5 H 12 O (1.7) % 300 Pentyl acetate C 7 H 14 O % Picoline C 6 H 7 N α-pinene C 10 H β-pinene C 10 H Piperidine C 5 H 11 N (1.2) % Propanenitrile C 3 H 5 N % 512 Propyl acetate C 5 H 10 O (1.8) % Propyl alcohol C 3 H 8 O % Propylamine C 3 H 9 N % 318 Propylbenzene C 9 H % 450

5 -5- Propylene glycol C 3 H 8 O (2.2) % 371 Pseudocumene C 9 H % Pyridine C 5 H 5 N % Pyrrole C 4 H 5 N Pyrrolidine C 4 H 9 N (1.6) 3 2-Pyrrolidone C 4 H 7 NO (3.5) 129 Quinoline C 9 H 7 N Styrene C 8 H % Sulfolane C 4 H 8 O 2 S <0.01 (4.8) 177 α-terpinene C 10 H ,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2- difluoroethane C 2 Cl 4 F ,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2- difluoroethane C 2 Cl 4 F ,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane C 2 H 2 Cl % 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane C 2 H 2 Cl % 1 Tetrachloroethylene C 2 Cl Tetraethylene glycol C 8 H 18 O Tetrahydrofuran C 4 H 8 O % ,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene C 10 H % 385 Tetrahydropyran C 5 H 10 O Tetramethylsilane C 4 H 12 Si Toluene C 7 H % o-toluidine C 7 H 9 N (1.6) Triacetin C 9 H 14 O < %- 433 Tributylamine C 12 H 27 N (0.8) % 1,1,1-Trichloroethane C 2 H 3 Cl % ,1,2-Trichloroethane C 2 H 3 Cl (1.4) % Trichloroethylene C 2 HCl (0.8) % Trichlorofluoromethane CCl 3 F ,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane C 2 Cl 3 F Triethanolamine C 6 H 15 NO <0.01 (3.6) % 0.5 Triethylamine C 10 H 22 O % Triethylene glycol C 6 H 14 O % 371 Triethyl phosphate C 6 H 15 O 4 P (3.1) Trimethylamine C 3 H 9 N % Trimethylene glycol C 3 H 8 O (2.5) 400 Trimethyl phosphate C 3 H 9 O 4 P (3.2) 107 Veratrole C 8 H 10 O (1.3) o-xylene C 8 H % m-xylene C 8 H % p-xylene C 8 H %

Σχετικά έγγραφα

Supplementary Material for Statistical Field Theory for Polar Fluids

Supplementary Material for Statistical Field Theory for Polar Fluids Bilin Zhuang 1, 2 and Zhen-Gang Wang 1, 1 Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,