CRITICAL CONSTANTS. References

Transcript

1 CRITICAL CONSTANTS The parameters of the liquid gas critical point are important constants in determining the behavior of fluids. This table lists the critical temperature, pressure, and molar volume, as well as the normal boiling point, for approximately 850 inorganic and organic substances. The properties and their units are: T b : Normal boiling point in kelvins at a pressure of kpa (1 atmosphere); an s following the value indicates a sublimation point (temperature at which the solid is in equilibrium with the gas at a pressure of kpa) T c : Critical temperature in kelvins P c : Critical pressure in megapascals V c : Critical molar volume in cm 3 /mol The number of digits given for T b, T c, and P c indicates the estimated accuracy of these quantities; however, values of T c greater than 750 K may be in error by 10 K or more. Although most V c values are given to three figures, they cannot be assumed accurate to better than a few percent. All values are experimentally determined except for a few values, indicated by an asterisk*, which are based on extrapolations. Methods of measurement are described and critiqued in Reference 1. Many of the critical constants in this table are taken from reviews produced by the IUPAC Commission on Thermodynamics (References 1 8). Compounds are listed by molecular formula in modified Hill order, with compounds not containing carbon preceding those that do contain carbon. The assistance of Douglas Ambrose is gratefully acknowledged. References 1. Ambrose, D., and Young, C. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 345, [IUPAC Part 1] 2. Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 531, [IUPAC Part 2] 3. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 547, [IUPAC Part 3] 4. Gude, M., and Teja, A. S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1025, [IUPAC Part 4] 5. Daubert, T. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 365, [IUPAC Part 5] 6. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 645, [IUPAC Part 6] 7. Kudcharker, A. P., Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 457, [IUPAC Part 7] 8. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 480, [IUPAC Part 8] 9. Ambrose, D., Vapor-Liquid Constants of Fluids, in Stevenson, R. M., and Malanowski, S., Eds., Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, Elsevier, New York, Das, A., Frenkel, M., Gadalla, N. A. M., Kudchadker, S., Marsh, K. N., Rodgers, A. S., and Wilhoit, R. C., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22, 659, Wilson, L. C., Wilson, H. L., Wilding, W. V., and Wilson, G. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1252, Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C., Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data Compilation, extant 2002 (core with supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA. 13. Morton, D. W., Lui, M. P. W., Tran, C. A., and Young, C. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 437, VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, L. C., Giles, N. F., and Wilson, G. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 154, VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, G. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 157, Nikitin, E. D., Popov, A. P., Bogatishcheva, N. S., and Yatluk, Y. G., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 1012, Wilson, G. M., VonNiederhausern, D. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 761, Wang, B. H., Adcock, J. L., Mathur, S. B., and Van Hook, W. A., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 23, 699, Chae, H. B., Schmidt, J. W., and Moldover, M. R., J. Phys. Chem., 94, 8840, Dillon, I. G., Nelson, P. A., and Swanson, B. S., J. Chem. Phys., 44, 4229, Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds, ASTM Data Series DS 4B, ASTM, Philadelphia, Nowak, P., Tielkes, T., Kleinraum, R., and Wagner, W., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 29, 885, Steele, W. V., Chirico, R. D., Nguyen, A., and Knipmeyer, S. E., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 27, 311, Duan, Y. Y., Shi, L., Zhu, M. S., and Han, L. Z., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44, 501, Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 382, Duarte-Garza, H. A., Hwang, C. A., Kellerman, S. A., Miller, R. C., Hall, K. R., and Holste, J. C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 497, Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1477, Fujiwara, K., Nakamura, S., and Noguchi, M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 43, 55, Widiatmo, J. V., Morimoto, Y., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 1246, Duarte-Garza, H. A., Stouffer, C. E., Hall, K. R., Holste, J. C., Marsh, K. N., and Gammon, B. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 745, Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., Popov, A. P., and Nikitina, H. E., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 27, 945, Sako, T., Sato, M., Nakazawa, N., Oowa, M., Yasumoto, M., Ito, H., and Yamashita, S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 802, Zhang, H-L, Sato, H., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1281, Sifner, O., and Klomfar, J., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 63, Younglove, B. A., and McLinden, M. O., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 731, Tillner-Roth, R., and Baehr, H. D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 657, Xiang, H. W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 30, 1161, Goodwin, A. H. R., Defibaugh, D. R., and Weber, L. A., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 43, 846, Lim, J. S., Park, K. H., Lee, B. G., and Kim, J-D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 1580, Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Eds., NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, July 2001, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook 2001, Chapter 19. Refrigerants, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, Fialho, P. S., and Nieto de Castro, C. A., Int. J. Thermophys., 21, 385, Vargaftik, N. B., Int. J. Thermophys., 11, 467, Vargaftik, N.B., Vinogradov, Y. K., and Yargin, V. S., Handbook of Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Third Edition, Begell House, New York, Schmidt, J. W., Carrillo-Nava, E., and Moldover, M. R., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 122, 187, Defibaugh, D. R., Gillis, K. A., Moldover, M. R., Morrison, G., and Schmidt, J. W., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 81, 285, Salvi-Narkhede, M., Wang, B-H., Adcock, J. L., and Van Hook, W. A., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 24, 1065, Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., and Pavlov, A. P., Fluid Phase Equilib., 189, ,

2 6-38 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. AlBr 3 Aluminum bromide AlCl 3 Aluminum chloride 453 s AlI 3 Aluminum iodide Ar Argon As Arsenic AsCl 3 Arsenic(III) chloride AsH 3 Arsine BBr 3 Boron tribromide BCl 3 Boron trichloride BF 3 Boron trifluoride BI 3 Boron triiodide B 2 Diborane BiBr 3 Bismuth tribromide BiCl 3 Bismuth trichloride BrH Hydrogen bromide BrI Iodine bromide Br 2 Bromine Br 2 Hg Mercury(II) bromide Br 3 Ga Gallium(III) bromide Br 3 HSi Tribromosilane Br 3 P Phosphorus(III) bromide Br 3 Sb Antimony(III) bromide Br 4 Ge Germanium(IV) bromide Br 4 Hf Hafnium(IV) bromide 596 s Br 4 Si Tetrabromosilane Br 4 Sn Tin(IV) bromide Br 4 Ti Titanium(IV) bromide Br 4 Zr Zirconium(IV) bromide 633 s Br 5 Ta Tantalum(V) bromide ClF Perchloryl fluoride ClF 2 N Nitrogen chloride difluoride ClF 2 P Phosphorus(III) chloride difluoride ClF 2 PS Phosphorothioc chloride difluoride ClF 3 Si Chlorotrifluorosilane ClF 5 Chlorine pentafluoride ClF 5 S Sulfur chloride pentafluoride ClH Hydrogen chloride ClH 4 N Ammonium chloride 611 s ClH 4 P Phosphonium chloride 246 s ClNO Nitrosyl chloride ClOV Vanadyl chloride Cl 2 Chlorine Cl 2 FP Phosphorus(III) dichloride fluoride Cl 2 F 2 Si Dichlorodifluorosilane Cl 2 Hg Mercury(II) chloride Cl 2 OSe Selenium oxychloride Cl 3 FSi Trichlorofluorosilane Cl 3 Ga Gallium(III) chloride Cl 3 HSi Trichlorosilane Cl 3 P Phosphorus(III) chloride Cl 3 Sb Antimony(III) chloride Cl 4 Ge Germanium(IV) chloride Cl 4 Hf Hafnium(IV) chloride 590 s Cl 4 ORe Rhenium(VI) oxytetrachloride Cl 4 OW Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride Cl 4 Si Tetrachlorosilane Cl 4 Sn Tin(IV) chloride Cl 4 Te Tellurium tetrachloride Cl 4 Ti Titanium(IV) chloride Cl 4 Zr Zirconium(IV) chloride 604 s

3 Critical Constants 6-39 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. Cl 5 Mo Molybdenum(V) chloride Cl 5 Nb Niobium(V) chloride Cl 5 P Phosphorus(V) chloride 433 s Cl 5 Ta Tantalum(V) chloride Cl 6 W Tungsten(VI) chloride Cs Cesium FH Hydrogen fluoride FN Nitryl fluoride F 2 Fluorine F 2 HN Difluoramine F 2 N 2 cis-difluorodiazine F 2 N 2 trans-difluorodiazine F 2 O Fluorine monoxide F 2 Xe Xenon difluoride F 3 N Nitrogen trifluoride F 3 NO Trifluoramine oxide F 3 P Phosphorus(III) fluoride F 3 PS Phosphorothioc trifluoride F 4 N 2 Tetrafluorohydrazine F 4 S Sulfur tetrafluoride F 4 Si Tetrafluorosilane F 4 Xe Xenon tetrafluoride F 5 Nb Niobium(V) fluoride F 6 Mo Molybdenum(VI) fluoride F 6 S Sulfur hexafluoride F 6 Se Selenium hexafluoride F 6 Te Tellurium hexafluoride F 6 U Uranium(VI) fluoride F 6 W Tungsten(VI) fluoride GaI 3 Gallium(III) iodide GeH 4 Germane GeI 4 Germanium(IV) iodide HI Hydrogen iodide H 2 Hydrogen H 2 O Water H 2 Hydrogen peroxide * 22* 31 H 2 S Hydrogen sulfide H 2 Se Hydrogen selenide H 3 N Ammonia H 3 P Phosphine H 4 N 2 Hydrazine He Helium HfI 4 Hafnium iodide 667 s Hg Mercury HgI 2 Mercury(II) iodide I 2 Iodine I 3 Sb Antimony(III) iodide I 4 Si Tetraiodosilane I 4 Sn Tin(IV) iodide I 4 Ti Titanium(IV) iodide I 4 Zr Zirconium(IV) iodide 704 s K Potassium * 16* 209* 20 Kr Krypton Li Lithium * 67* 66* 20 NO Nitric oxide N 2 Nitrogen N 2 O Nitrous oxide N 2 O 4 Nitrogen tetroxide Na Sodium * 35* 116* 20 Ne Neon

4 6-40 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. Oxygen S Sulfur dioxide Ozone S Sulfur trioxide O 4 Os Osmium(VIII) oxide O 7 Re 2 Rhenium(VII) oxide P Phosphorus Rb Rubidium * 16* 247* 20 Rn Radon S Sulfur Se Selenium Xe Xenon CBrClF 2 Bromochlorodifluoromethane CBrF 3 Bromotrifluoromethane CBr 2 F 2 Dibromodifluoromethane CClF 3 Chlorotrifluoromethane CCl 2 F 2 Dichlorodifluoromethane CCl 2 O Carbonyl chloride [Phosgene] CCl 3 F Trichlorofluoromethane CCl 4 Tetrachloromethane CF 3 I Trifluoroiodomethane CF 4 Tetrafluoromethane CHBrF 2 Bromodifluoromethane CHClF 2 Chlorodifluoromethane CHCl 2 F Dichlorofluoromethane CHCl 3 Trichloromethane CHF 3 Trifluoromethane CHN Hydrogen cyanide CH 2 ClF Chlorofluoromethane CH 2 Cl 2 Dichloromethane CH 2 F 2 Difluoromethane CH 2 Formic acid CH 3 Cl Chloromethane CH 3 Cl 3 Si Methyltrichlorosilane CH 3 F Fluoromethane CH 3 I Iodomethane CH 3 N Nitromethane CH 4 Methane CH 4 O Methanol CH 4 S Methanethiol CH 5 ClSi Chloromethylsilane CH 5 N Methylamine C N 2 Methylhydrazine C Si Methylsilane CO Carbon monoxide COS Carbon oxysulfide C Carbon dioxide s CS 2 Carbon disulfide Br 2 ClF 3 1,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane Br 2 F 4 1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane ClF 3 Chlorotrifluoroethene ClF 5 Chloropentafluoroethane Cl 2 F 4 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Cl 2 F 4 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Cl 3 F 3 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Cl 3 F 3 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane Cl 4 Tetrachloroethene Cl 4 F 2 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane Cl 6 Hexachloroethane * 412* 12 F 3 N Trifluoroacetonitrile

5 Critical Constants 6-41 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. F 4 Tetrafluoroethene F 6 Hexafluoroethane HClF 2 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene HClF 4 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane HClF 4 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane HCl 2 F 3 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane HCl 2 F 3 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane HCl 3 Trichloroethene HF 3 Trifluoroacetic acid HF 5 Pentafluoroethane ,30 HF 5 O Trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether ,45,46 H 2 Acetylene H 2 ClF 3 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane H 2 Cl 2 cis-1,2-dichloroethene H 2 Cl 2 trans-1,2-dichloroethene H 2 Cl 4 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane H 2 F 2 1,1-Difluoroethene H 2 F 4 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane H 2 F 4 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane ,42 H 2 F 4 O Bis(difluoromethyl) ether H 3 Cl Chloroethene [Vinyl chloride] H 3 ClF 2 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane ,32 H 3 Cl 2 F 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane ,42 H 3 Cl 3 1,1,1-Trichloroethane H 3 Cl 3 1,1,2-Trichloroethane * 4.48* 281* 12 H 3 F Fluoroethene H 3 F 3 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane ,28 H 3 F 3 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane H 3 F 3 O Methyl trifluoromethyl ether H 3 N Acetonitrile H 4 Ethylene [Ethene] H 4 Br 2 1,2-Dibromoethane H 4 Cl 2 1,1-Dichloroethane H 4 Cl 2 1,2-Dichloroethane H 4 F 2 1,1-Difluoroethane ,19 H 4 O Acetaldehyde H 4 O Oxirane [Ethylene oxide] H 4 Acetic acid H 4 Methyl formate H 5 Br Bromoethane H 5 Cl Chloroethane H 5 F Fluoroethane Ethane Cl 2 Si Dichlorodimethylsilane O Ethanol O Dimethyl ether ,2-Ethanediol ,14 S Ethanethiol S Dimethyl sulfide S 2 Dimethyl disulfide H 7 N Ethylamine H 7 N Dimethylamine N 2 1,2-Ethanediamine ,12 N 2 Cyanogen ClF 5 O Chloropentafluoroacetone Cl 2 F 6 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane F 6 O Perfluoroacetone F 6 O Perfluorooxetane ,47 F 8 Perfluoropropane F 8 Perfluorodimethoxymethane

6 6-42 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. HF 7 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane ,47 HF 7 O Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether ,47 H 2 F 6 1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane H 2 F 6 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane H 2 F 6 O 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether H 3 F 3 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene H 3 F 5 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane H 3 F 5 1,1,1,2,2-Pentafluoropropane H 3 F 5 1,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane H 3 F 5 O Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether H 3 F 5 O Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether H 3 N Acrylonitrile ,12 H 3 NO Isoxazole H 4 Allene H 4 Propyne H 5 Cl 3-Chloropropene H 5 F 3,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methyl ether H 5 N Propanenitrile Propene Cyclopropane Cl 2 1,2-Dichloropropane Cl 2 1,3-Dichloropropane O Allyl alcohol O Propanal O Acetone O Methyloxirane [1,2-Propylene oxide] Propanoic acid Ethyl formate Methyl acetate Dimethyl carbonate H 7 Cl 1-Chloropropane H 7 Cl 2-Chloropropane H 7 NO N,N-Dimethylformamide Propane O 1-Propanol Propanol O Ethyl methyl ether ,2-Propylene glycol ,14 1,3-Propylene glycol [Trimethylene glycol] ,17 2-Methoxyethanol [Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether] ,11,12 Dimethoxymethane [Methylal] Glycerol S 1-Propanethiol S Ethyl methyl sulfide H 9 B Trimethyl borate H 9 ClSi Trimethylchlorosilane H 9 N Propylamine H 9 N Isopropylamine H 9 N Trimethylamine Br 2 F 8 1,4-Dibromooctafluorobutane Cl 2 F 6 1,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane * 2.73* 386* 12 F 8 Perfluorocyclobutane F 10 Perfluorobutane F 10 Perfluoroisobutane H 2 F 8 O Perfluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether H 3 F 7 O Perfluoropropyl methyl ether H 3 F 7 O Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether H 4 O Furan H 4 O 4 Maleic acid H 4 S Thiophene

7 Critical Constants 6-43 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. H 5 F 5 O Perfluoroethyl ethyl ether H 5 N Pyrrole ,3-Butadiene Butyne Butyne Vinyl acetate γ-butyrolactone ,11 Acetic anhydride Propylene carbonate H 7 N Butanenitrile Butene cis-2-butene trans-2-butene Isobutene Cyclobutane O Ethyl vinyl ether O Butanal O Isobutanal Butanone [Methyl ethyl ketone] O Tetrahydrofuran OS S-Ethyl thioacetate ,12 Butanoic acid Methylpropanoic acid Propyl formate Isopropyl formate Ethyl acetate Methyl propanoate ,4-Dioxane S Tetrahydrothiophene H 9 Cl 1-Chlorobutane H 9 Cl 2-Chlorobutane H 9 Cl 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane H 9 N Pyrrolidine Butane Isobutane O 1-Butanol Butanol [sec-butyl alcohol] Methyl-1-propanol [Isobutyl alcohol] Methyl-2-propanol [tert-butyl alcohol] O Diethyl ether O Methyl propyl ether O Isopropyl methyl ether Methyl-1,3-propanediol ,2-Butanediol ,23 1,3-Butanediol ,23 1,4-Butanediol [Tetramethylene glycol] ,2-Dimethoxyethane [Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether] ,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether ,12 Diethylene glycol S 1-Butanethiol S Diethyl sulfide ,15 S 2 Diethyl disulfide H 11 N Butylamine H 11 N sec-butylamine H 11 N tert-butylamine H 11 N Isobutylamine H 11 N Diethylamine N 2 O N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine Si Tetramethylsilane Sn Tetramethylstannane

8 6-44 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. H 13 N 3 Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine ,17 F 12 Perfluoropentane H 2 F 6 Hexafluoroacetylacetone H 4 Furfural * 5.89* 7 H 5 N Pyridine N 2 2-Methylpyrazine Methylfuran H 7 N 1-Methylpyrrole H 7 N 2-Methylpyrrole H 7 N 3-Methylpyrrole Pentyne Cyclopentene O Cyclopentanone ,4-Dihydro-2H-pyran H 9 N Pentanenitrile H 9 NO N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone Pentene cis-2-pentene trans-2-pentene Methyl-1-butene Methyl-1-butene Methyl-2-butene Cyclopentane O Cyclopentanol O Allyl ethyl ether O Pentanal Pentanone [Methyl propyl ketone] Pentanone [Diethyl ketone] Methyl-2-butanone O Tetrahydropyran Methyltetrahydrofuran Pentanoic acid Methylbutanoic acid Isobutyl formate Propyl acetate Isopropyl acetate Ethyl propanoate Methyl butanoate Methyl isobutanoate Methoxyethyl acetate H 11 Cl 1-Chloropentane H 11 Cl 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane H 11 N Piperidine Pentane Isopentane Neopentane O 1-Pentanol Pentanol Pentanol Methyl-1-butanol Methyl-1-butanol Methyl-2-butanol Methyl-2-butanol O Butyl methyl ether O Methyl tert-butyl ether O Ethyl propyl ether Propoxyethanol Diethoxymethane ,2-Dimethoxypropane ,2-Dimethoxypropane

9 Critical Constants 6-45 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether ,12 S 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol BrF 5 Bromopentafluorobenzene ClF 5 Chloropentafluorobenzene Cl 2 F 4 1,2-Dichloro-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene Cl 3 F 3 1,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene F 6 Hexafluorobenzene F 10 Perfluorocyclohexene F 12 Perfluoro-1-hexene F 12 Perfluorocyclohexane F 14 Perfluorohexane F 14 Perfluoro-2-methylpentane F 14 Perfluoro-3-methylpentane F 14 Perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane HF 5 Pentafluorobenzene HF 5 O Pentafluorophenol HF 11 Undecafluorocyclohexane H 2 F 4 1,2,3,4-Tetrafluorobenzene H 2 F 4 1,2,3,5-Tetrafluorobenzene H 2 F 4 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene H 3 ClF 2 1-Chloro-2,4-difluorobenzene H 3 ClF 2 1-Chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene H 3 ClF 2 1-Chloro-3,4-difluorobenzene H 3 ClF 2 1-Chloro-3,5-difluorobenzene H 3 F 3 1,2,3-Trifluorobenzene H 3 F 3 1,2,4-Trifluorobenzene H 3 F 3 1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene H 4 BrF 1-Bromo-2-fluorobenzene H 4 BrF 1-Bromo-3-fluorobenzene H 4 BrF 1-Bromo-4-fluorobenzene H 4 ClF 1-Chloro-2-fluorobenzene H 4 ClF 1-Chloro-3-fluorobenzene H 4 ClF 1-Chloro-4-fluorobenzene H 4 Cl 2 m-dichlorobenzene H 4 F 2 o-difluorobenzene H 4 F 2 m-difluorobenzene H 4 F 2 p-difluorobenzene ,13 H 5 Br Bromobenzene H 5 Cl Chlorobenzene ,13 H 5 F Fluorobenzene H 5 I Iodobenzene Benzene O Phenol H 7 N Aniline H 7 N 2-Methylpyridine [2-Picoline] H 7 N 3-Methylpyridine [3-Picoline] H 7 N 4-Methylpyridine [4-Picoline] ,5-Hexadiene Cyclohexene O Cyclohexanone Methylcyclopentanone O Mesityl oxide Ethyl trans-2-butenoate S Diallyl sulfide H 11 Cl Chlorocyclohexane H 11 N Hexanenitrile Hexene Cyclohexane Methylcyclopentane O Butyl vinyl ether

10 6-46 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. O Hexanal Hexanone [Butyl methyl ketone] Hexanone [Ethyl propyl ketone] O 4-Methyl-2-pentanone [Isobutyl methyl ketone] ,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone O Cyclohexanol ,12 Hexanoic acid Pentyl formate Isopentyl formate Butyl acetate sec-butyl acetate Isobutyl acetate Propyl propanoate Ethyl butanoate Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate Methyl pentanoate ,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Ethoxyethyl acetate ,23 Paraldehyde S Cyclohexanethiol H 13 Cl 1-Chlorohexane H 13 Cl 3-Chloro-3-methylpentane Hexane Methylpentane Methylpentane ,2-Dimethylbutane ,3-Dimethylbutane Methoxy-2-methylbutane O 1-Hexanol Hexanol Hexanol Methyl-1-pentanol O 4-Methyl-1-pentanol Methyl-2-pentanol O 4-Methyl-2-pentanol Methyl-3-pentanol Methyl-3-pentanol O Dipropyl ether O Diisopropyl ether O tert-butyl ethyl ether O Methyl pentyl ether Propoxy-2-propanol Butoxyethanol ,1-Diethoxyethane [Acetal] ,2-Diethoxyethane [Ethylene glycol diethyl ether] Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether [Carbitol] ,12 Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether O 4 Triethylene glycol H 15 N Dipropylamine H 15 N Diisopropylamine H 15 N Triethylamine F 8 Perfluorotoluene F 14 Perfluoro-1-heptene F 14 Perfluoromethylcyclohexane F 16 Perfluoroheptane HF 15 1H-Pentadecafluoroheptane H 3 F 5 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene H 4 BrF 3 1-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene H 4 BrF 3 1-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene H 4 BrF 3 1-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

11 Critical Constants 6-47 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. H 5 N Benzonitrile F 2 2,4-Difluorotoluene F 2 2,5-Difluorotoluene F 2 2,6-Difluorotoluene F 2 3,4-Difluorotoluene O Benzaldehyde H 7 F 2-Fluorotoluene H 7 F 3-Fluorotoluene H 7 F 4-Fluorotoluene Toluene ,15 O o-cresol O m-cresol O p-cresol O Benzyl alcohol O Anisole [Methoxybenzene] ,11,12 H 9 N 2-Methylaniline H 9 N 3-Methylaniline H 9 N 4-Methylaniline H 9 N N-Methylaniline H 9 N 2,3-Dimethylpyridine H 9 N 2,4-Dimethylpyridine H 9 N 2,5-Dimethylpyridine H 9 N 2,6-Dimethylpyridine H 9 N 3,4-Dimethylpyridine H 9 N 3,5-Dimethylpyridine Heptene Cycloheptane Methylcyclohexane Ethylcyclopentane ,1-Dimethylcyclopentane cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane cis-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane O Heptanal Heptanone [Methyl pentyl ketone] Heptanone [Ethyl butyl ketone] O 4-Heptanone O 5-Methyl-2-hexanone [Methyl isopentyl ketone] Methyl-3-hexanone Heptanoic acid Pentyl acetate ,23 Isopentyl acetate Butyl propanoate Isobutyl propanoate Propyl butanoate Propyl isobutanoate Ethyl pentanoate Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate H 15 Cl 1-Chloroheptane Heptane Methylhexane Methylhexane Ethylpentane ,2-Dimethylpentane ,3-Dimethylpentane ,4-Dimethylpentane ,3-Dimethylpentane ,2,3-Trimethylbutane

12 6-48 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. -Ethoxy-2-methylbutane O 1-Heptanol Heptanol Heptanol, (S) O 4-Heptanol Butoxy-2-propanol tert-Butoxy-2-methoxyethane ,2-Diethoxypropane Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether H 20 Si 2 Bis(trimethylsilyl)methane F 16 O Perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran F 18 Perfluorooctane S Benzo[b]thiophene H 7 N 4-Methylbenzonitrile H 7 N 1H-Indole Styrene O Acetophenone ,23 Phenyl acetate Methyl salicylate Ethylbenzene ,15 o-xylene m-xylene p-xylene Ethylphenol Ethylphenol O 4-Ethylphenol ,3-Xylenol ,4-Xylenol ,5-Xylenol ,6-Xylenol ,4-Xylenol ,5-Xylenol O α-methylbenzenemethanol O Ethoxybenzene Methylanisole Methylanisole O 4-Methylanisole H 11 N N-Ethylaniline H 11 N N,N-Dimethylaniline O 4 Diethyl succinate H 15 N Octanenitrile Octene Cyclooctane Ethylcyclohexane cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane cis-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane trans-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane O Octanal Octanone [Hexyl methyl ketone] Octanone [Ethyl amyl ketone] O 4-Octanone [Butyl propyl ketone] Methyl-3-heptanone [Butyl isopropyl ketone] O 5-Methyl-3-heptanone Octanoic acid Ethylhexanoic acid Hexyl acetate Isopentyl propanoate Butyl butanoate

13 Critical Constants 6-49 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. Isobutyl butanoate Isobutyl isobutanoate Propyl 3-methylbutanoate Ethyl hexanoate Methyl heptanoate Butoxyethyl acetate O 4 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate H 17 Cl 1-Chlorooctane Octane Methylheptane Methylheptane Methylheptane Ethylhexane ,2-Dimethylhexane ,3-Dimethylhexane ,4-Dimethylhexane ,5-Dimethylhexane ,3-Dimethylhexane ,4-Dimethylhexane Ethyl-2-methylpentane Ethyl-3-methylpentane ,2,3-Trimethylpentane ,2,4-Trimethylpentane [Isooctane] ,3,3-Trimethylpentane ,3,4-Trimethylpentane ,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane O 1-Octanol Octanol Octanol O 4-Octanol O 4-Methyl-3-heptanol O 5-Methyl-3-heptanol Ethyl-1-hexanol O Dibutyl ether O Di-tert-butyl ether tert-Butoxy-2-ethoxyethane Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Diethylene glycol diethyl ether O 5 Tetraethylene glycol S 1-Octanethiol S Dibutyl sulfide H 19 N Dibutylamine H 19 N Diisobutylamine H 20 Si Tetraethylsilane C 9 F 20 Perfluorononane C 9 H 7 N Quinoline C 9 H 7 N Isoquinoline C 9 Indan C 9 Propylbenzene C 9 Isopropylbenzene [Cumene] C 9 2-Ethyltoluene C 9 3-Ethyltoluene C 9 4-Ethyltoluene C 9 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene C 9 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene C 9 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene [Mesitylene] C 9 -Methoxy-1,4-dimethylbenzene C 9 O 1-Methoxy-2,4-dimethylbenzene C 9 H 13 N 2-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline C 9 1-Nonene

14 6-50 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. C 9 Cyclononane C 9 1α,3α,5β-1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane C 9 O Nonanal C 9 -Nonanone [Heptyl methyl ketone] ,11,12 C 9 -Nonanone [Ethyl hexyl ketone] C 9 O 4-Nonanone [Pentyl propyl ketone] C 9 O 5-Nonanone [Dibutyl ketone] C 9 Nonanoic acid C 9 Isopentyl butanoate C 9 Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate C 9 Ethyl heptanoate C 9 H 20 Nonane C 9 H 20 2-Methyloctane C 9 H 20 2,2-Dimethylheptane C 9 H 20 2,2,5-Trimethylhexane C 9 H 20 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane C 9 H 20 2,2,3,4-Tetramethylpentane C 9 H 20 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane C 9 H 20 2,3,3,4-Tetramethylpentane C 9 H 20 O 1-Nonanol C 9 H 20 -Nonanol C 9 H 20 -Nonanol C 9 H 20 O 4-Nonanol C 10 F 8 Perfluoronaphthalene C 10 F 18 Perfluorodecalin C 10 F 22 Perfluorodecane C 10 Naphthalene C 10 H 9 N 1-Naphthylamine C 10 H 9 N 2-Naphthylamine C 10 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene [Tetralin] C 10 Butylbenzene C 10 Isobutylbenzene C 10 1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene [p-cymene] C 10 p-diethylbenzene C 10 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene [Durene] C 10 O Thymol C 10 d-limonene C 10 α-pinene C 10 3-Carene, (+) C 10 1,3-Decadiene C 10 cis-decahydronaphthalene C 10 trans-decahydronaphthalene C 10 H 20 1-Decene C 10 H 20 O Decanal C 10 H 20 -Decanone [Methyl octyl ketone] C 10 H 20 -Decanone [Ethyl heptyl ketone] C 10 H 20 O 4-Decanone [Hexyl propyl ketone] C 10 H 20 O 5-Decanone [Butyl pentyl ketone] C 10 H 20 O 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol [Menthol] C 10 H 20 Decanoic acid [Capric acid] C 10 H 20 2-Ethylhexyl acetate C 10 H 20 Ethyl octanoate C 10 H 20 O 4 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate C 10 H 22 Decane C 10 H 22 3,3,5-Trimethylheptane C 10 H 22 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane C 10 H 22 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhexane C 10 H 22 O 1-Decanol C 10 H 22 -Decanol C 10 H 22 -Decanol

15 Critical Constants 6-51 Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. C 10 H 22 O 4-Decanol C 10 H 22 O 5-Decanol C 10 H 22 S Diisopentyl sulfide C 11 1-Methylnaphthalene C 11 2-Methylnaphthalene C 11 Pentylbenzene C 11 H 22 -Undecanone C 11 H 22 -Undecanone C 11 H 22 O 4-Undecanone C 11 H 22 O 5-Undecanone C 11 H 22 O 6-Undecanone C 11 H 22 Undecanoic acid C 11 H 22 Ethyl nonanoate C 11 H 24 Undecane C 11 H 24 O 1-Undecanol C 12 Acenaphthylene C 12 O Dibenzofuran C 12 S Dibenzothiophene C 12 H 9 N Carbazole C 12 Biphenyl C 12 O Diphenyl ether C 12 2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene C 12 Hexylbenzene C 12 Hexamethylbenzene C 12 H 20 O [1,1 -Bicyclohexyl]-2-one C 12 H 24 1-Dodecene C 12 H 24 -Dodecanone C 12 H 24 -Dodecanone C 12 H 24 O 4-Dodecanone C 12 H 24 O 5-Dodecanone C 12 H 24 O 6-Dodecanone C 12 H 24 Dodecanoic acid C 12 H 26 Dodecane C 12 H 26 O 1-Dodecanol C 13 H 9 N Acridine C 13 H 9 N Phenanthridine C 13 O Benzophenone C 13 H 11 N 9-Methyl-9H-carbazole C 13 Diphenylmethane C 13 H 20 Heptylbenzene C 13 H 26 -Tridecanone C 13 H 26 -Tridecanone C 13 H 26 O 4-Tridecanone C 13 H 26 O 5-Tridecanone C 13 H 26 O 6-Tridecanone C 13 H 26 O 7-Tridecanone C 14 H 28 Tridecanoic acid C 13 H 26 Methyl dodecanoate C 13 H 28 Tridecane C 13 H 28 O 1-Tridecanol C 14 Anthracene C 14 Phenanthrene C 14 H 22 Octylbenzene C 14 H 28 -Tetradecanone C 14 H 28 -Tetradecanone C 14 H 28 O 4-Tetradecanone C 14 H 28 O 7-Tetradecanone C 14 H 28 Tetradecanoic acid C 14 H 30 Tetradecane C 14 H 30 O 1-Tetradecanol

16 6-52 Critical Constants Molecular formula Name T b /K T c /K P c /MPa V c /cm 3 mol -1 Ref. C 15 H 30 Pentadecanoic acid C 15 H 32 Pentadecane C 16 H 26 Decylbenzene C 16 H 32 Hexadecanoic acid C 16 H 34 Hexadecane C 16 H 34 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane C 16 H 34 O 1-Hexadecanol C 17 H 28 Undecylbenzene C 17 H 34 Heptadecanoic acid C 17 H 36 Heptadecane C 17 H 36 O 1-Heptadecanol C 18 o-terphenyl C 18 m-terphenyl C 18 p-terphenyl C 18 H 36 Octadecanoic acid C 18 H 38 Octadecane C 18 H 38 O 1-Octadecanol C 19 H 32 Tridecylbenzene C 19 H 40 Nonadecane H 40 Eicosanoic acid H 42 Eicosane H 42 O 1-Eicosanol [Arachic alcohol] H 44 Heneicosane H 44 Docosanoic acid H 46 Docosane H 48 Tricosane H 50 Tetracosane H 50 Squalene

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57 IUPAC RECOMMENDED DATA FOR VAPOR PRESSURE CALIBRATION These precise vapor pressure values are recommended as secondary standards. Values are given in kpa (1 kpa = atm = Torr). Reprinted by permission of IUPAC. References 1. Marsh, K.N., Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, Ruzicka, K., Fulem, M., and Ruzicka, V., Recommended Vapor Pressure of Solid Naphthalene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 50, , T/K C (s) H 2 O(s) C 10 (s) n F 6 H 2 O Hg

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73 ENTHALPY OF FUSION This table lists the molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion, Δ fus H, of over 1100 inorganic and organic compounds. All values refer to the enthalpy change at equilibrium between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the phase transition temperature. Most values of Δ fus H are given at the normal melting point t m. However, a t following the entry in the melting point column indicate a triple-point temperature, where the solid, liquid, and gas phases are in equilibrium. Temperatures are given on the ITS-90 scale. A * following an entry indicates that the value includes the enthalpy of transition between crystalline phases whose transformation occurs within 1 C of the melting point. Substances are listed by name, either an IUPAC systematic name or, in the case of drugs and other complex compounds, a common synonym. Inorganic compounds, including metal salts of organic acids, are listed first, followed by organic compounds. The molecular formula in the Hill convention is included. References 1. Chase, M. W., Davies, C. A., Downey, J. R., Frurip, D. J., McDonald, R. A., and Syverud, A. N., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, Chase, M. W., NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 9, Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I. V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition; Vol. 2, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1991; Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, Name Molecular formula t m / C Δ fus H/kJ mol -1 Inorganic compounds (including salts of organic acids) Actinium Ac Aluminum Al Aluminum bromide AlBr Aluminum chloride AlCl Aluminum fluoride AlF t 0.56 Aluminum iodide AlI Aluminum oxide (α) Al Aluminum sulfide Al 2 S Americium Am Ammonia H 3 N Ammonium chloride ClH 4 N Ammonium fluoride FH 4 N Ammonium iodide H 4 IN Ammonium nitrate H 4 N Antimony (gray) Sb Antimony(III) bromide Br 3 Sb Antimony(III) chloride Cl 3 Sb Antimony(III) fluoride F 3 Sb Antimony(III) iodide I 3 Sb Antimony(III) oxide Sb (valentinite) Antimony(III) sulfide S 3 Sb Argon Ar Arsenic (gray) As Arsenic(III) bromide AsBr Arsenic(III) chloride AsCl Arsenic(III) fluoride AsF Arsenic(III) iodide AsI Dinsdale, A. T., SGTE Data for Pure Elements, CALPHAD, 15, , Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, IV/8A, Enthalpies of Fusion and Transition of Organic Compounds, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, New Series, IV/19A, Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials compiled by SGTE, Springer- Verlag, Heidelberg; Part 1, 1999; Part 2; 1999; Part 3, 2000; Part 4, Janz, G. J., et al., Physical Properties Data Compilations Relevant to Energy Storage. II. Molten Salts, Nat. Stand. Ref. Data Sys.- Nat. Bur. Standards (U.S.), No. 61, Part 2, Dirand, M., Bouroukba, M., Chevallier, V., Petitjean, D., Behar, E., and Ruffier-Meray, V., Normal Alkanes, Multialkane Synthetic Model Mixtures, and Real Petroleum Waxes: Crystallographic Structures, Thermodynamic Properties, and Crystallization, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, , Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Editors, NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, June 2005, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, < 10. Thermodynamic Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology, TRC Thermodynamic Tables, < 11. Sangster, J., Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Systems of Drugs, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 28, 889, Name Molecular formula t m / C Δ fus H/kJ mol -1 Arsenic(III) oxide (claudetite) As Arsenic(V) oxide As 2 O Arsenic(III) selenide As 2 Se Arsenic(III) sulfide As 2 S Arsenic sulfide As 4 S Arsenic(III) telluride As 2 Te Barium Ba Barium bromide BaBr Barium carbonate CBa (high pres.) Barium chloride BaCl Barium fluoride BaF Barium hydride BaH Barium hydroxide BaH Barium iodide BaI Barium oxide BaO Barium sulfate BaO 4 S Barium sulfide BaS Beryllium Be Beryllium bromide BeBr Beryllium carbide CBe Beryllium chloride BeCl Beryllium fluoride BeF Beryllium iodide BeI Beryllium nitride Be 3 N Beryllium oxide Be Beryllium sulfate BeO 4 S Bismuth Bi Bismuth oxide Bi