The U1S1 An ti2terror ism Activ ities in the Southea st A sia after the Septem ber 11 A ttacks

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1 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES 9 11 ( ) [ ] 9 11 ; ; ; [ ] 9 11,, [ ] D [ ] A [ ] (2009) The U1S1 An ti2terror ism Activ ities in the Southea st A sia after the Septem ber 11 A ttacks L i J inm ing (Center for Southeast A sian Studies, Xiam en University, Xiam en , China) Keywords: 9 11 ; the U1S. ; Southeast A sia; Anti2Terrorism Abstract: After the Sep tember 11 attacks, the U1S. has focused on the Southeast A sia and regarded it as the second front of the anti2terrorism war. During the anti2terrorism war in the Southeast A sia, the U1S. has laid its emphasis on striking the terrorist attacks at sea. It has strengthened its anti2terrorism cooperation w ith the Southeast A sian countries. M eanwhile, the U1S. has supp lied its m ilitary aids to a few Southeast A sian countries and has car2 ried out m ilitary exercises against terrorism w ith them jointly [ 1 ], , ( al Qaeda) ( Jemaah Islam iyah) (Abu Sayyaf), [ 2 ] 9 11, [ ] [ ],, 64 : : [ 3 ] 9 11,, 20 90,,,, (Cole) 9 11

2 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES , ( Tanfiq bin A ttash), 9 11 (Nawaf al Hazm i) ( Khalid al M ih2 dhar),,,, (ASG) (M ILF), ; (J I) ( ), [ 4 ] 9 11,, ;, , , 9 11,,, (O sama bin Laden), 10,,,,, [ 5 ],,, (Muhammadiyah ) (Nahdlatul U lama), 1 /4,, (Ma2 hathirmohamad) 9 11 ( Parti Islam se2malay2 sia), , (A l A rqam ), (National Front), ( Taliban of Malaysia ), (Megawati Sukarnoputri) (Omar al2faruq) ( ), [ 6 ],, : (1) ; ( 2) ( ), ; ( 3) (, ) ; (4) (J I) ( KMM ),,,,,, [ 7 ], 9 11, ,, 202,, 9 11,, 65

3 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES,,,, [ 8 ], 7000,, 2002, [ 9 ], ,,,, (ASG) (M ILF),, (Abu Bakr), [ 10 ],, (National Strategy for Combating Ter2 rorism),,,,,, [ 11 ] ( ), ( ), 66,,,, [ 12 ],,, , (RabitatulMujahidin) [ 13 ] 9 11,,,,, 1000,, ( ) 50% 600, ( E IA),,, [ 14 ],,,, 2001, (Raffles L ighthouse) (Batu Berhan2

4 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES ti) 112,,, [ 15 ],, , ; 2001, ; (Omar al2faruq), ; , 14,, [ 16 ],,,,,,,,,,, [ 17 ],, ( Thomas B1Fargo) (RegionalMaritime Security Initiative),,,,,, 67 [ 18 ],, 80%, : :, [ 19 ], [ 20 ] (Najib Razak) :, , 10, (ACSA) (Christopher Lafleur),,,, [ 21 ], ( FPDA),, 9 11,,

5 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES,,, [ 22 ] 2007, 2007, ,,, [ 23 ],, ,,, [ 24 ] 9 11, ,,,, ,,, ,, 7 30, 11, 2003,, (NurM isuari), ( Fathur Rohman A l2 Ghozi), 4 12, [ 25 ] ,,, [ 26 ] , : ; ; ; ; ;, [ 27 ], ( Seacat), [ 28 ],,,,, 2006, 37, , 5000, ,, 8000, [ 29 ], (BAYAN ), , 400, , 400, [ 30 ], ( Coast W atch South), [ 31 ] 9 11

6 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES , 9 11, ,,, 20, (John C1 Stennis) , [ 32 ],, 2007, ( IMET), 88 (Detachment 88), 2003, 2007, [ 33 ] 2001 ( Cobra Gold) (CARAT), ,, F - 16,, (CTIC),, [ 34 ],,,,, 2005,, [ 35 ], 9 11,,,,,,,,, 30,, [ 1 ] John Gershman, Is Southeast A sia the Second Front?, Foreign A ffairs, Vol181, No14, 2002, p1631 [ 2 ] D iane K1 Manzy and B rian L1 Job, U1S1 Policy in Southeast A sia: L im ited Re - engagement after Years of Benign Neglect, A sian Survey, Vol147, No14, 2007, p16351 [ 3 ],, ( ) , 1 [ 4 ] Am itav Acharya and A rabinda Acharya, The Myth of the Second Front: Localizing the W ar on Terror in SoutheastA2 69

7 SOU THEAST AS IAN STUD IES sia, The W ashington Q uarterly, Autumn 2007, pp [ 5 ] Andrew Tan, The Indigenous Roots of Conflict in Southeast A sia: The Case of M indanao, Kumar Ramakrishna and See Seng Tan eds1, A fter B ali: The Threat of Terrorism in Southeast A sia, World Scientific Publishing Co1, 2003, pp Singapore, [ 6 ] A lan Collins, Security and Southeast A sia: D om estic, R egional, and Global Issues, ies, Singapore, 2003, p12011 [ 7 ] [ 1 ], p1621 Institute of Southeast A sian Stud2 [ 8 ] Anthony L1 Sm ith, A Glass Half Full: Indonesia - U1S1 Relations in the Age of Terror, Contem porary Southeast A sia, Vol125, No13, 2003, p14581 [ 9 ] Daljit Singh, ASEAN Counter - Terror Strategies and Cooperation: How Effective?, Kumar Ramakrishna and See Seng Tan eds1, A fterb ali: The Threat of Terrorism in South2 east A sia, World Scientific Publishing Co1, Singapore, 2003, p12041 [ 10 ] [ 4 ], p1821 [ 11 ] [ 8 ], p14681 [ 12 ] J im Glassman, The W ar on Terrorism, Comes to Southeast A sia, Journal of Contem porary A sia, Vol135, No11, 2005, p121 [ 13 ] [ 9 ], p12091 [ 14 ] A rabinda Acharya, Maritime Terrorist Threat in Southeast A sia, Kwa Chong Guan and John K1 Skogan eds1, M aritim e Security in Southeast A sia, Routledge, London and New York, 2007, p1821 [ 15 ] Barry Desker, Re - thinking the safety of naviga2 tion in the Malacca Strait, Kwa Chong Guan and John K1 Skogan eds1, M aritim e Security in Southeast A sia, Routledge, London and New York, 2007, p1151 [ 16 ] [ 14 ], pp [ 17 ] Joshua Ho, The Importance and Security of Re2 gional Sea Lanes, Kwa Chong Guan and John K1 Skogan eds1, M aritim e Security in Southeast A sia, Routledge, London and New York, 2007, p1271 [ 18 ] Christian - Marius Stryken, The US RegionalMar2 itime Security Initiative and US Grand Strategy in Southeast A2 sia, Kwa Chong Guan and John K1 Skogan eds1, M aritim e Se2 curity in Southeast A sia, 2007, p11361 Routledge, London and New York, [ 19 ] John F1 B radford, Japanese Anti - Piracy Initia2 tives in Southeast A sia: Policy Formulation and the Coastal State Responses, Contem porary Southeast A sia, Vol126, No13, 2004, p14951 [ 20 ] Mark J1 Valencia, PSC Operations in the Malacca Strait: Legal and Political Issues and Op tions, The Indonesian Q uarterly, Vol133, No14, 2005, p13691 [ 21 ] [ 18 ]. [ 22 ] Noel M1 Morada, Philipp ine - American Security Relations After 11 Sep tember: Exp loring the Mutuality of Inter2 ests in the Fight Against International Terrorism, Southeast A si2 an A ffairs 2003, Institute of Southeast A sian Studies, Singapore, 2003, p12321 [ 23 ] :, ( ) , 7 [ 24 ] Satu P1 L imaye, United States - ASEAN Relations on ASEANπs Fortieth Anniversary: A Glass Half Full, Contem 2 porary Southeast A sia, Vol129, No13, 2007, p14611 [ 25 ] [ 6 ], p12071 [ 26 ], ( ) , 3 [ 27 ] Kumar Ramakrishna, US Strategy in Southeast A2 sia: Counter - Terrorist or Counter - Terrorism?, Kumar Ra2 makrishna and See Seng Tan eds1, A fterb ali: The Threat of Ter2 rorism in Southeast A sia, World Scientific Publishing Co1, Sin2 gapore, 2003, pp [ 28 ], ( ) , 2 [ 29 ],, ( ) , 30 [ 30 ],, ( ) , 2 [ 31 ], ( ) , 3 [ 32 ] Denny Roy, Southeast A sia and China: Balancing or Bandwagoning?, Contem porary Southeast A sia, Vol127, No12, 2005, p13161 [ 33 ] [ 24 ], pp [ 34 ] Paul Chambers, U1S1 - Thai Relations after 9 / 11: A New Era in Cooperation?, Contem porary Southeast A sia, Vol126, No13, 2004, p14651 [ 35 ] [ 4 ], p1781 : 70

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