Summer Greek. Lesson 10 Vocabulary. Greek Verbs using the verb λύω. Greek Verbs. Greek Verbs: Conjugating. Greek Verbs: Conjugating.

A Lesson 10 Vocabulary Summer Greek Croy Lesson 10 Ω ἄγω αἴρω ἀναβαίνω ἀπέρχοµαι ἀποθνῄσκω ἀποκτείνω καταβαίνω µέλλω ὀφείλω συνάγω ἀπόστολος, ὁ ἱερόν, τό παρά (G,D,A) ὑπέρ (G,A) TENSE => KIND of action CONTINUING (ongoing, linear) COMPLETED (with result or ongoing effect) SIMPLE (affirmation of action w/out regard to duration or completion) and TIME of action Past Concurrent Future using the verb λύω TENSE => Kind of action and time of action PRESENT: I am loosening, I loosen FUTURE: I will be loosening, I will loosen IMPERFECT: I was loosening AORIST: I loosened PERFECT: I have loosened PLUPERFECT: I had loosened KIND of action: Continuing, Completed, Simple TIME of action: Past, Concurrent, Future : Conjugating PRESENT ACTIVE INDICATIVE : Conjugating IMPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE English: Past Progressive Continuing/linear/progressive action in the past 1 st I am loosening, I loosen 2 nd you are loosening, you loosen 3 rd he/she/it are loosening he/she/it loosen we are loosening, we loosen you (y all) are loosening, you loosen they are loosening, they loosen 1 st I was loosening we were loosening 2 nd you were loosening you (y all) were loosening 3 rd he/she/it was loosening they were loosening 1

: Conjugating PRESENT ACTIVE INDICATIVE PRIMARY ACTIVE ENDINGS 1 st λύω λύομεν 2 nd λύεις λύετε 3 rd λύει λύουσι(ν) 1 st - ω* - μεν 2 nd - εις* - τε 3 rd - ει* - σι(ν) *shown with combined theme vowel PRIMARY MIDDLE/PASSIVE ENDINGS PRIMARY MIDDLE/PASSIVE ENDINGS 1 st λύομαι λυόμεθα 2 nd λύῃ λύεσθε 3 rd λύεται λύονται 1 st - μαι - μεθα 2 nd - σαι / ῃ - σθε 3 rd - ται - νται PRIMARY ACTIVE PRIMARY MIDDLE/PASSIVE - ω* - μεν - εις* - τε - ει* - σι(ν) - μαι - μεθα - σαι / ῃ - σθε - ται - νται SECONDARY ACTIVE SECONDARY MIDDLE/PASSIVE -ν - μεν -ς - τε - (ν) - ν / σαν 2

Greek Verb Formation Greek Verb Formation Augment always accompanied by SECONDARY endings Augment always indicates past time Augment always indicates INDICATIVE mood PRES ACT -- STEM -- o/ε PrimAct PRES MPD -- STEM -- o/ε PrimMP IMPF ACT ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct Greek Verb Formation 1 st PRES ACT -- λυ -- o µεν PRES MPD -- λυ -- o µεθα IMPF ACT ἐ λυ -- o µεν - ω* - μεν - εις* - τε - ει* - σι(ν) -ν - μεν -ς - τε - (ν) - ν / σαν - μαι - μεθα - σαι / ῃ - σθε - ται - νται MEMORIZE THIS! SECONDARY ACTIVE ENDINGS ΙΜPERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE ἐ STEM -- o/ε SecAct 1 st - ν - μεν 2 nd - ς - τε 3 rd - (ν) - ν / σαν 1 st ἔλυον ἐλύομεν 2 nd ἔλυες ἐλύετε 3 rd ἔλυε(ν) ἔλυον You will always see the Secondary endings with an Augment 3

PRESENT ACTIVE INFINITIVE to be loosening λύ-ειν > λύειν Augments Butδιδασκαλος, what about a verb like εὑρίσκω? What if a verb already starts with an epsilon or some other vowel? PRESENT ΜID/PASS/DEP INFINITIVE to be loosening myself / to keep on being loosened λύ-ε-σθαι > λύεσθαι NO IMPERFECT INFINITIVE! PRES ἀγω ἀκούω ἐγείρω ὀφειλω αἴρω εὑρίσκω Augments IMPF ἦγον ἤκουον ἤγειρον ὤφειλον ᾖρον ηὕρισκον α + ε = η ε + ε = η ο + ε = ω >> that is, lengthen the vowel Augments Compound Verbs ἀποθνῃσκω >> ἀπο θνῃσκω ἀπεθνῃσκον ἀποκτεινω >> ἀπο κτεινω ἀπεκτεινον καταβαινω >> κατα βαινω κατεβαινον Augments - Ιrregulars ἔχω θέλω µέλλω εἶχον ἔθελον or ἠθελον ἔµελλον or ἠµελλον SECONDARY ACTIVE ENDINGS 1 st - ν - μεν 2 nd - ς - τε 3 rd - (ν) - ν / σαν You will always see the Secondary endings with an Augment 4

ΙΜPERFECT INDICATIVE of εἰµι Croy 10 - Exercises Do even sentences of Practice and Review Do #s 1 and 10 of NT 1 st ἤμην ἦμεν 2 nd ἦς ἦτε 3 rd ἦν ἦσαν 5