Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences. gp91 phox NADPH. NOX family: the ROS producer in plasma membrane. LI Ling-Na, ZHOU Song, YI Jing*

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1 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Vol. 17, No. 5 Oct., (2005) NOX ( ) NADPH (reactive oxygen species, ROS) NOX NADPH gp91 phox NOX NOX1 NOX3 NOX4 NOX5, NADPH ROS NADPH ROS NOX ROS NOX (EPO) NADPH Q55 A NOX family: the ROS producer in plasma membrane LI Ling-Na, ZHOU Song, YI Jing* (Department of Cell Biology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai , China) Abstract: NADPH oxidase, specially located in plasma membrane of phagocytes, can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to participate in host defense by killing or damaging invading microbes. NOX are the homologs of gp91 phox, the catalytic subunit of the NADPH oxidase, existing in various non-phagocytic cells. So far NOX1, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5 have been characterized. All of them possess the ability of ROS generation like NADPH oxidase, though their expression is tissue-specific. Unlike the NADPH oxidase-derived ROS that is responsible for cell defense, NOX- derived ROS functions as a second messenger molecule to participate in the modulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In addition, NOX affects angiogenesis and bone resorption, and, as an oxygen sensor, regulates erythropoietin production. Key words: NADPH oxidase; reactive oxygen species (ROS); tumor 1 NOX NADPH NADPH C FAD gp91 phox p22 phox p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox Rac gp91 phox p22 phox NADPH gp91 phox p22 phox C NADPH NADPH p47 phox p67 phox p40 phox Rac p22 phox ( ) (1979 ) (1981 ) (1957 ) *

2 NOX 415 gp91 phox [1~2] NADPH p67 phox NADPH [3] NADPH (reactive oxygen species, ROS) [3~4] NADPH NOX(NADPH oxidase) ROS [5~6] ROS ROS ROS 2 NOX 2.1 NOX NADPH gp91 phox NOX1 NOX3 NOX4 NOX5 gp91 phox 56% 58% 37% 27% [3] gp91 phox NOX2 NOX1 NOX3 NOX4 gp91 phox [7] NOX5 NOX [5] 2.2 NOX NOX N C [5] FAD P450 ferredoxin-nadp NOX NADPH FAD NOX5 N NOX5 gp91 phox NOX3 NOX4 α- N [5] NOX5 NOX5 N- NOX5 NADPH p22 phox [5] 3 NOX 3.1 NOX1 [5~6] NOX3 [8] [5] NOX4 [9] NOX4 [9] NOX4 [10] NOX4 [5,11] NOX5 [5] gp91 phox gp91 phox gp91 phox [5] NOX ROS NOX NOX 3.2 NOX NOX1 Caco-2 T-84 HEK293 [5] NOX1 [12] NOX4 NOX5 [5] NOX

3 416 NOX ROS 4 NOX NOX ROS ROS ROS ROS ( / ) G p21 Ras Smads/Src p38 MAPK ERK-1/2 MAPK [13] ( 1) 1 NADPH PDGF EGF Ras NADPH Rac1 Rac1 GTP NADPH NADPH ROS ( 1 A) 5 NOX 5.1 NOX ROS NOX NOX ROS ROS ROS ( ) (HUVEC) NIH3T3 NOX ROS PDGF -II NOX1 ROS [14~15] NOX1 NIH3T3 ROS [6] NOX 80% ROS NOX1 [12] NIH3T3 NOX1 85% [16] VEGF NOX VEGF [17] NOX NOX1 DU145 [12] NOX [18] NOX VEGF 1 ROS [13]

4 NOX 417 NOX 5.2 NOX NOX NOX2 ROS PI3 p38-mapk NF-κB/iNOS [19] HT29 Caco-2 γ D 3 NOX1 Geiszt [20] NOX1 5.3 NOX ROS [13] NOX ROS ROS NOX NOX2 NOX4 NOX ROS [10,21] 7-Kchol (7- ) IRE1/JNK/AP-1 NOX4 ROS [22] ROS NB4 ML1 PLB-985 HL60 PMA NADPH ROS [23] NOX ROS NADPH ( NOX4) ROS [24] 5.4 NOX NOX H 2 O 2 NOX1 200 (catalase) 70% [25] [25] 5.5 NOX NOX4 (EPO) EPO NOX4 mrna NOX4 EPO [26] NOX4 ROS EPO HIF-1α EPO [27~28] (NEB) KV3.3a NADPH NEB NEB NADPH NEB [29] 5.6 NOX NADPH ROS ROS ROS [30~31] ROS [32] gp91 phox NOX4 gp91 phox NOX4 ROS [33] 6 NOX NADPH NADPH ROS ROS NOX ROS NOX NOX ROS ROS [1] Babior B M. The respiratory burst oxidase. Curr Opin Hematol, 1995, 2(1): 55~60 [2] Lambeth J D, Cheng G, Arnold R S, et al. Novel homologs of gp91 phox. Trends Biochem Sci, 2000, 25(10): 459~461

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