PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (SI UNITS)

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1 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS (SI UNIS) APPENDIX 1 able A 1 Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties able A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of varios common gases able A 3 Properties of common liqids, solids, and foods able A 4 Satrated water emperatre table able A 5 Satrated water Pressre table able A 6 Sperheated water able A 7 Compressed liqid water able A 8 Satrated ice water vapor Figre A 9 -s diagram for water Figre A 10 Mollier diagram for water able A 11 Satrated refrigerant-134a emperatre table able A 12 Satrated refrigerant-134a Pressre table able A 13 Sperheated refrigerant-134a Figre A 14 P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a Figre A 15 Nelson Obert generalized compressibility chart able A 16 Properties of the atmosphere at high altitde able A 17 Ideal-gas properties of air able A 18 Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N 2 able A 19 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O 2 able A 20 Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide, CO 2 able A 21 Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide, CO able A 22 Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H 2 able A 23 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H 2 O able A 24 Ideal-gas properties of monatomic oxygen, O able A 25 Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OH able A 26 Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs fnction of formation, and absolte entropy at 25 C, 1 atm able A 27 Properties of some common fels and hydrocarbons able A 28 Natral logarithms of the eqilibrim constant K p Figre A 29 Generalized enthalpy departre chart Figre A 30 Generalized entropy departre chart Figre A 31 Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total pressre able A 32 One-dimensional isentropic compressible-flow fnctions for an ideal gas with k 1.4 able A 33 One-dimensional normal-shock fnctions for an ideal gas with k 1.4 able A 34 Rayleigh flow fnctions for an ideal gas with k

2 908 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 1 Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties Gas Critical-point properties Molar mass, constant, emperatre, Pressre, Volme, Sbstance Formla M kg/kmol R kj/kg K* K MPa m 3 /kmol Air Ammonia NH Argon Ar Benzene C 6 H Bromine Br n-btane C 4 H Carbon dioxide CO Carbon monoxide CO Carbon tetrachloride CCl Chlorine Cl Chloroform CHCl Dichlorodifloromethane (R-12) CCl 2 F Dichlorofloromethane (R-21) CHCl 2 F Ethane C 2 H Ethyl alcohol C 2 H 5 OH Ethylene C 2 H Helim He n-hexane C 6 H Hydrogen (normal) H Krypton Kr Methane CH Methyl alcohol CH 3 OH Methyl chloride CH 3 Cl Neon Ne Nitrogen N Nitros oxide N 2 O Oxygen O Propane C 3 H Propylene C 3 H Slfr dioxide SO etrafloroethane (R-134a) CF 3 CH 2 F richlorofloromethane (R-11) CCl 3 F Water H 2 O Xenon Xe *he nit kj/kg K is eqivalent to kpa m 3 /kg K. he gas constant is calclated from R R /M, where R kj/kmol K and M is the molar mass. Sorce: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52 (1953), pp ; and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fndamentals (Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp and 36.1.

3 909 APPENDIX 1 ABLE A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of varios common gases (a) At 300 K Gas constant, R c p c v Gas Formla kj/kg K kj/kg K kj/kg K k Air Argon Ar Btane C 4 H Carbon dioxide CO Carbon monoxide CO Ethane C 2 H Ethylene C 2 H Helim He Hydrogen H Methane CH Neon Ne Nitrogen N Octane C 8 H Oxygen O Propane C 3 H Steam H 2 O Note: he nit kj/kg K is eqivalent to kj/kg C. Sorce: Chemical and Process hermodynamics 3/E by Kyle, B. G., Adapted by permission of Pearson Edcation, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.

4 910 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of varios common gases (Contined) (b) At varios temperatres c p c v c p c v c p c v emperatre, kj/kg K kj/kg K k kj/kg K kj/kg K k kj/kg K kj/kg K k K Air Carbon dioxide, CO 2 Carbon monoxide, CO Hydrogen, H 2 Nitrogen, N 2 Oxygen, O Sorce: Kenneth Wark, hermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), p. 783, able A 4M. Originally pblished in ables of hermal Properties of Gases, NBS Circlar 564, 1955.

5 911 APPENDIX 1 ABLE A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of varios common gases (Conclded) (c) As a fnction of temperatre c p a b c 2 d 3 ( in K, c p in kj/kmol K) % error emperatre Sbstance Formla a b c d range, K Max. Avg. Nitrogen N Oxygen O Air Hydrogen H Carbon monoxide CO Carbon dioxide CO Water vapor H 2 O Nitric oxide NO Nitros oxide N 2 O Nitrogen dioxide NO Ammonia NH Slfr S Slfr dioxide SO Slfr trioxide SO Acetylene C 2 H Benzene C 6 H Methanol CH 4 O Ethanol C 2 H 6 O Hydrogen chloride HCl Methane CH Ethane C 2 H Propane C 3 H n-btane C 4 H i-btane C 4 H n-pentane C 5 H n-hexane C 6 H Ethylene C 2 H Propylene C 3 H Sorce: B. G. Kyle, Chemical and Process hermodynamics (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984). Used with permission.

6 912 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 3 Properties of common liqids, solids, and foods (a) Liqids Boiling data at 1 atm Freezing data Liqid properties Normal Latent heat of Latent heat Specific boiling vaporization Freezing of fsion emperatre, Density heat Sbstance point, C h fg, kj/kg point, C h if, kj/kg C r, kg/m 3 c p, kj/kg K Ammonia Argon Benzene Brine (20% sodim chloride by mass) n-btane Carbon dioxide 78.4* (at 0 C) Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Ethylene glycol Glycerine Helim Hydrogen Isobtane Kerosene Mercry , Methane Methanol Nitrogen Octane Oil (light) Oxygen Petrolem Propane Refrigerant-134a Water * Sblimation temperatre. (At pressres below the triple-point pressre of 518 kpa, carbon dioxide exists as a solid or gas. Also, the freezing-point temperatre of carbon dioxide is the triple-point temperatre of 56.5 C.)

7 ABLE A 3 Properties of common liqids, solids, and foods (Conclded) (b) Solids (vales are for room temperatre nless indicated otherwise) 913 APPENDIX 1 Density, Specific heat, Density, Specific heat, Sbstance r kg/m 3 c p kj/kg K Sbstance r kg/m 3 c p kj/kg K Metals Nonmetals Alminm Asphalt K Brick, common K Brick, fireclay (500 C) K 2, Concrete K Clay K Diamond K Glass, window K Glass, pyrex Bronze (76% C, 2% Zn, 8, Graphite % Al) Granite Brass, yellow (65% C, 8, Gypsm or plaster board % Zn) Ice Copper 200 K C K C K C K C K C 8, Limestone C Marble C Plywood (Doglas Fir) Iron 7, Rbber (soft) Lead 11, Rbber (hard) Magnesim 1, Sand Nickel 8, Stone Silver 10, Woods, hard (maple, oak, etc.) Steel, mild 7, Woods, soft (fir, pine, etc.) ngsten 19, (c) Foods Specific heat, Specific heat, kj/kg K Latent kj/kg K Latent Water heat of Water heat of content, Freezing Above Below fsion, content, Freezing Above Below fsion, Food % (mass) point, C freezing freezing kj/kg Food % (mass) point, C freezing freezing kj/kg Apples Lettce Bananas Milk, whole Beef rond Oranges Broccoli Potatoes Btter Salmon fish Cheese, swiss Shrimp Cherries Spinach Chicken Strawberries Corn, sweet omatoes, ripe Eggs, whole rkey Ice cream Watermelon Sorce: Vales are obtained from varios handbooks and other sorces or are calclated. Water content and freezing-point data of foods are from ASHRAE, Handbook of Fndamentals, SI version (Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), Chapter 30, able 1. Freezing point is the temperatre at which freezing starts for frits and vegetables, and the average freezing temperatre for other foods.

8 914 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 4 Satrated water emperatre table Specific volme, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. emp., press., liqid, vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, C P sat kpa v f v g f fg g h f h fg h g s f s fg s g

9 ABLE A 4 Satrated water emperatre table (Conclded ) 915 APPENDIX 1 Specific volme, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. emp., press., liqid, vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, C P sat kpa v f v g f fg g h f h fg h g s f s fg s g , , , , , , , , , , , , , Sorce: ables A 4 throgh A 8 are generated sing the Engineering Eqation Solver (EES) software developed by S. A. Klein and F. L. Alvarado. he rotine sed in calclations is the highly accrate SteamIAPWS, which incorporates the 1995 Formlation for the hermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Sbstance for General and Scientific Use, issed by he International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS). his formlation replaces the 1984 formlation of Haar, Gallagher, and Kell (NBS/NRC Steam ables, Hemisphere Pblishing Co., 1984), which is also available in EES as the rotine SEAM. he new formlation is based on the correlations of Sal and Wagner (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 16, 893, 1987) with modifications to adjst to the International emperatre Scale of he modifications are described by Wagner and Prss (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22, 783, 1993). he properties of ice are based on Hyland and Wexler, Formlations for the hermodynamic Properties of the Satrated Phases of H 2 O from K to K, ASHRAE rans., Part 2A, Paper 2793, 1983.

10 916 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 5 Satrated water Pressre table Specific volme, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Press., temp., liqid, vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, P kpa sat C v f v g f fg g h f h fg h g s f s fg s g

11 ABLE A 5 Satrated water Pressre table (Conclded ) 917 APPENDIX 1 Specific volme, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Press., temp., liqid, vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, liqid, Evap., vapor, P kpa sat C v f v g f fg g h f h fg h g s f s fg s g , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

12 918 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 6 Sperheated water v h s v h s v h s C m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K P 0.01 MPa (45.81 C)* P 0.05 MPa (81.32 C) P 0.10 MPa (99.61 C) Sat P 0.20 MPa ( C) P 0.30 MPa ( C) P 0.40 MPa ( C) Sat P 0.50 MPa ( C) P 0.60 MPa ( C) P 0.80 MPa ( C) Sat *he temperatre in parentheses is the satration temperatre at the specified pressre. Properties of satrated vapor at the specified pressre.

13 ABLE A 6 Sperheated water (Conclded ) 919 APPENDIX 1 v h s v h s v h s C m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K P 1.00 MPa ( C) P 1.20 MPa ( C) P 1.40 MPa ( C) Sat P 1.60 MPa ( C) P 1.80 MPa ( C) P 2.00 MPa ( C) Sat P 2.50 MPa ( C) P 3.00 MPa ( C) P 3.50 MPa ( C) Sat

14 920 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 6 Sperheated water (Contined) v h s v h s v h s C m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K P 4.0 MPa ( C) P 4.5 MPa ( C) P 5.0 MPa ( C) Sat P 6.0 MPa ( C) P 7.0 MPa ( C) P 8.0 MPa ( C) Sat P 9.0 MPa ( C) P 10.0 MPa ( C) P 12.5 MPa ( C) Sat

15 ABLE A 6 Sperheated water (Conclded ) 921 APPENDIX 1 v h s v h s v h s C m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K P 15.0 MPa ( C) P 17.5 MPa ( C) P 20.0 MPa ( C) Sat P 25.0 MPa P 30.0 MPa P 35.0 MPa P 40.0 MPa P 50.0 MPa P 60.0 MPa

16 922 PROPERY ABLES AND CHARS ABLE A 7 Compressed liqid water v h s v h s v h s C m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K P 5 MPa ( C) P 10 MPa ( C) P 15 MPa ( C) Sat P 20 MPa ( C) P 30 MPa P 50 MPa Sat

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