ΜΕΛΕΤΗΜΑΤΑ ANCIENT BEROEA PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY KENTPON ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ KAI ΡΩΜΑΪΚΗΣ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΕΘΝΙΚΟΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΕΡΕΥΝΩΝ

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1 KENTPON ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ KAI ΡΩΜΑΪΚΗΣ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΕΘΝΙΚΟΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΕΡΕΥΝΩΝ RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION ΜΕΛΕΤΗΜΑΤΑ ARGYRO B. TATAKI ANCIENT BEROEA PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY ATHENS 1988 DIFFUSION DE BOCCARD - 11, RUE DE MEDICIS, PARIS

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3 ISBN Κέντρον 'Ελληνικής και Ρωμαϊκής 'Αρχαιότητος τοΰ Έθνικοϋ 'Ιδρύματος 'Ερευνών Β. Κωνσταντίνου 48, 'Αθήνα, τηλ ' Εξώφυλλο και καλλιτεχνική επιμέλεια Ραχήλ Μισδραχή-Καπόν Μετάφραση David Hardy Στοιχειοθεσία Φ. Παναγόπουλος & Σία O.E.

4 ARGYRO Β. TATAKI ANCIENT BEROEA PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY

5 KENTPON ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ KAI ΡΩΜΑΪΚΗΣ ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΕΘΝΙΚΟΝ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ ΕΡΕΥΝΩΝ RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION ΜΕΛΕΤΗΜΑΤΑ 8 DIFFUSION DE BOCCARD - 11, RUE DE MEDICIS, PARIS

6 ARGYRO Β. TATAKI ANCIENT BEROEA PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY ATHENS 1988

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8 Basileios Ν. Tatakis ( ) in memoriam

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10 CONTENTS Preface Abbreviations Bibliography List of plates 36 List of tables' 37 Map 49 INTRODUCTION Definition of aims Beroea and its territory The sources of the Prosopography The inscriptions of Beroea Inscriptions from the territory of Beroea The publication of the inscriptions from Beroea The dating of the inscriptions of Beroea Beroeans in inscriptions discovered outside Beroea Literary references to Beroeans and individuals who visited Beroea The method of the Prosopography PART ONE PROSOPOGRAPHY OF BEROEA PART TWO CHAPTER I. THE NAMES OF BEROEA Introduction Categories of names Names of the 4th century B.C Names of the 3rd century B.C Names of the 2nd century B.C Names of the Hellenistic period Names of the 1st century B.C Names of the lst-3rd centuries A.D Local names. Older and newer Greek names Roman names Other categories of names from the lst-3rd centuries A.D Supernomina 405

11 10 ANCIENT BEROEA: PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY CHAPTER II. THE SOCIETY OF BEROEA Introduction The frequency of the names The society of Beroea at the time of the Macedonian monarchy The society of Beroea after the Roman conquest The society of Beroea from 167 B.C. to the end of the 1st century A.D The society of Beroea in the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D The evidence of the funerary monuments Addenda Corrigenda 516 Indexes Index of names in Greek and Latin Index of geographical terms in Greek and Latin Select index of Greek words Index of PB persons discussed in Introduction and Part II General index 548 Plates

12 PREFACE There is very little to be added by way of preface to this work. I would like first of all to express the hope that my long involvement with the people who lived in or visited ancient Beroea will be of use not only to those interested in the study of this city, but also to the students of ancient Macedonia in general. A few words of clarification are necessary. This study attempts to approach the subject on three levels, each aspiring to a different degree of completeness in terms of documentation. The purpose of the first level (which also forms the basis for the approach to the other two) is the compilation of the Prosopography, and here I have tried to make an exhaustive collection of the relevant testimonia; as far as the published material is concerned, I believe this aim to have been accomplished. During the examination of the personal names the objective was to compose not a lexicon of names but a text that would be readable, even with some difficulty. At this second level, the documentation of the distribution and frequency of the names attested within the borders of ancient Macedonia aspires to be exhaustive, except for the very common names, which are discussed in a general way; in tracing occurrences outside Macedonia of names that occur in Beroea, particular emphasis was placed on very, or relatively rare names, and no attempt was made to achieve an exhaustive documentation. At the third level, the examination of the society of Beroea, I did not consider it necessary to document fully the entire spectrum of matters to which reference was inevitably made; the bibliography of even a single one of the issues requiring discussion, such as the question of slavery, is inexhaustible, and any attempt to present it systematically clearly lies outside the scope of the present work. I have had the singular good fortune to be a participant since 1980 in the Macedonia Programme of the Research Centre for Greek and Roman Antiquity (K.E.R.A.) at the National Hellenic Research Foundation. I owe this opportunity to the Director of the Centre,

13 12 ANCIENT BEROEA: PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY Professor M.B. Sakellariou, who entrusted to me the task of preparing the Prosopography of Ancient Macedonia; my study of Beroea forms part of this broader work, and owes much to his direction and continuous encouragement, for which I thank him. I would also like to express my thanks to the head of the Macedonia Programme, Dr. M. B. Hatzopoulos, for giving me access to his unpublished writings, on which I was able to base some crucial points of my study, and for his assistance and moral support at every stage of my work. Of the colleagues at the K.E.R.A. who assisted me, I would like to make special mention of Dr. Louisa Loukopoulou, who was always ready to discuss a range of problems with me; and Dr. A. Ritzakis, who placed an unpublished article at my disposal. For permission to use unpublished epigraphic material, I would like to thank Professor Ph.Petsas, and the Ephor of Antiquities Dr. I. Touratsoglou; both of these also made unpublished works of theirs available to me, significantly accelerating the pace of my own studies. Thanks are due also to Profesor J. Pouilloux for the invitation that enabled me to work in 1983 in the hospitable environment of the Institut F. Courby, in Lyons. A first version of this study was submitted in 1986 to the Philosophical School of the University of Thessaloniki, for the degree of Ph. D. With respect to this I wish to thank Professor D. Pandermalis, who willingly undertook to supervise this phase of my work, and with whom I had the opportunity to discuss the main points on many occasions. I would also like to extend my thanks to Professor D. Lypourlis, for his help and advice, and to Drs E. Voutiras and G. Souris, for the attention which they paid to some points of this work. Last, in chronological terms, but of great importance, was the help given me by Mr. P.M. Fraser, whom I wish to thank for his generosity with his knowledge and his time in reading and improving parts of this work; my visit to Oxford coincided with the appearance of the Lexicon of Greek Personal Names I (Oxford 1987) by P.M. Fraser - Elaine Matthews, which I believe will revolutionize the study of personal names. Since part of the present work was already in press, it was too late for the degree to which I have benefited from studying the Lexicon to be completely apparent. There are naturally others who should be mentioned here; people

14 PREFACE 13 who have assisted me at various stages of my life and helped me to discover the importance of setting targets. First and foremost amongst them is my father, to whose memory I dedicate this study; words could only impoverish even further this tribute, which is already slight in comparison with what he did for me. Finally, I believe that everyone who has lived for a long time with somebody else's namuscript will understand how great a debt of gratitude I owe to my husband, Dimitris N. Kouroupis, who suceeded -almost always- in keeping me in touch with contemporary reality, without making it pedestrian.

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16 ABBREVIATIONS The abbreviations used in the American Journal of Archaeology, L'année philologique and in the Oxford Classical Dictionary 2 (1970) for periodicals, corpora and other works have been adopted here; they are not therefore included in the following list. Frequently cited books and monographs are also abbreviated: see pp Actes esclavage 1971 = Actes du colloque 1971 sur l'esclavage ('Annales littéraires de l'université de Besançon' 140; Paris 1972). Actes esclavage 1972 = Actes du colloque 1972 sur l'esclavage ('Annales littéraires de l'université de Besançon' 163; Paris 1974). Actes esclavage Actes du colloque sur l'esclavage, Nieborow 1975 (Warsaw 1979). Actes du Vile Congr. Epigr. = Actes du Vile congrès international d'épigraphie grecque et latine, Constanza 1977 (Bucharest 1979). Acts of the 8th Epigr. Congr. - Πρακτικά του Η' Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου 'Ελληνικής και Λατινικής 'Επιγραφικής, Athens 1982 I (Athens 1984). ANRW - Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt. II Principat, eds Hildegard Temporini, W. Haase (Berlin-New York ). Bull. Inst. Russe à Constantinople - Izvestija Russkago Archeologiceskago Instituta ν Konstantinopole ( ). EEPhSPA = 'Επιστημονική Έπετηρίς τής Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου 'Αθηνών. EEPhSPTh = 'Επιστημονική Έπετηρίς τής Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής του 'Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης. Essays Laourdas (1975) = Essays in Memory of Basil Laourdas (Thessalonike 1975). Geras Keramopoullou (1953) = Γέρας 'Αντωνίου Κεραμοπούλλου (Athens 1953). Hodegos = 'Εθνικός 'Οδηγός τής Μεγάλης 'Ελλάδος (eds G.I. Philaretos - D.P. Vassileiadis). IGBR = Inscriptiones Graecae in Bulgaria repertae I-IV. Ed. G. Mihailov, Academia litterarum Bulgarica (Sofia ). IK - Inschriften griechischer Städte Kleinasiens, Komm, für d.

17 16 ANCIENT BEROEA: PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY Archäolog. Erforschung Kleinasiens bei d. Österreich. Akad. d. Wiss.; Inst, für Altertumskunde d. Univ. Köln (Bonn ). /. von Priene = F. Hiller v. Gaertringen, Die Inschriften von Priene (Berlin 1906). 1st Kavala Symposium (1980) = Ή Καβάλα και ή περιοχή της. Α' Τοπικό Συμπόσιο, Kavala 1977 (Thessalonike 1980). Kernos (1972) = Κέρνος: Τιμητική προσφορά στον καθηγητή Γεώργιο Μπακαλάκη (Thessalonike 1972). LGPN Ι = P.M. Fraser, Elaine Matthews (eds), A Lexicon of Greek Personal Names I (Oxford 1987). Macedonia (1983) = M.B. Sakellariou (ed.), Macedonia; 4000 Years of Greek History and Civilization (Athens 1983). Mélanges Daux (1974) = Mélanges helléniques offerts à Georges Daux (Paris 1974). MB = Archaeological Museum of Beroea. OMS - L. Robert, Opera Minora Selecta I-IV (Paris ). L'onomastique latine (1977) = L'onomastique latine, 'Colloques internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique' 564, Paris 1975 (Paris 1977). PB = Prosopography of Beroea. Prosphora Kyriakides (1953) = Προσφορά εις Στίλπωνα Π. Κνριακίδην, Hellenika, Suppl. 4 (Thessalonike 1953). Pros. Ptol. = W. Peremans, E. van't Dack et al., (eds), Prosopographia Ptolemaica, I-IX, 'Studia Hellenistica' 6, 8, 11-13, 17, (Louvain ). Studies Buckler (1939) = Anatolian Studies Presented to W.H. Buckler (Manchester 1939). Studies Edson (1981) = Ancient Macedonian Studies in Honor of Charles F. Edson (Thessalonike 1981). Studies Rand{\9?>%) - Classical and Medieval Studies in Honor ofe.k. Rand (New York 1938). Studies Robinson (1953) = Studies Presented to D.M. Robinson I-II (Saint Louis 1953). Thessalonike (1982) = Ή Θεσσαλονίκη μεταξύ Ανατολής και Λύσεως, Πρακτικά Συμποσίου Τεσσαρακονταετήρίδος της 'Εταιρείας Μακεδόνικων Σπουδών, Thessalonike (Thessalonike 1982). Zbornik - Zbornik Filozofskoj Fakulteta (Receuil de travaux de la Faculté de Philosophie, Belgrade).

18 BIBLIOGRAPHY With the exception of literary sources and corpora all works referred to more than twice are included in this bibliography. Adam-Veleni, Polyxeni, "Ιππείς σε ανάγλυφους βωμούς άπο την Βέροια', Makedonika 23 (1983) Aichinger, Anna, 'Die Reichsbeamten der römischen Macedonia der Prinzipatsepoche', AVes 30 (1979) Alexandrescu-Vianu, Maria, 'Stèles funéraires de la Macédoine romaine', Dacia 19 (1975) Andreiomenou, Angeliki, 'Τρία υπόγεια ταφικά οικοδομήματα εν τη Δυτική Μακεδονία', Ancient Macedonia I (Thessalonike 1970) Andronikos, Μ., Άρχαϊαι Έπιγραφαί Βέροιας (Thessalonike 1950) = Andronikos, Epigraphai. "Ελληνιστικός τάφος Βέροιας', ArchEph 1955, 'Portrait de l'ère républicaine au Musée de Thessalonique', MonPiot 51 (1960) 'Vergina: the Royal Graves in the Great Tumulus', AAA 10 (1977) Vergina; the Royal Tombs and the Ancient City (Athens 1984). Arvanitopoulos, A.S., Θεσσαλικά Μνημεία (Athens 1909) = Arvanitopoulos, Mnemeia. Avezou, Ch., Picard, Ch., 'Inscriptions de Macédoine et de Thrace', BCH 37 (1913) and Babakos Α., Πράξεις κοινής διαθέσεως και άλλα συγγενή φαινόμενα κατά το δίκαιον τής αρχαίας Θεσσαλίας (Athens 1961). Actes d'aliénation en commun et autres phénomènes apparentés d'après le droit de la Thessalie antique (Thessaloniki 1966) = Babacos, Actes. Baege, W., De Macedonum Sacris (Halle 1913) = Baege. Bakalakis, G., 'Θρακικά χαράγματα εκ τοΰ παρά την 'Αμφίπολιν φράγματος του Στρυμόνος', Thrakika 13 (1940) 5-32.

19 18 ANCIENT BEROEA: PROSOPOGRAPHY AND SOCIETY "Επιτύμβιοι βωμοί από την Θράκη', Deîtion 18 (1963) I 'The Classical Bridge at Amphipolis', A JA 74 (1970) 'Vorlage und Intepretation von römischen Kunstdenkmälern in Thessaloniki', AA 88 (1973) Basiez, Marie-Françoise, L'étranger dans la Grèce antique (Paris 1984) = Basiez, L'étranger. Bechtel, F., Lue einstämmigen männlichen Personennamen des Griechischen, die aus Spitznamen hervorgegangen sind. Abhandl. der Götting. Gesellsch. der Wiss., Phil-hist. Klass.; Neue Folge II.5 (Berlin 1898) = Bechtel, Spitznamen. Die attischen Frauennamen nach ihrem Systeme dargestellt (Göttingen 1902) = Bechtel, Frauennamen. Die historischen Personennamen des Griechischen bis zur Kaiserzeit (Halle 1917) = Bechtel, Personennamen. Berger, Α., Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law ('Transactions of the American Philosophical Society' 43.2; Philadelphia 1953, repr. 1980) = Berger, Dictionary. Berve, H., Das Alexanderreich auf prosopographischer Grundlage II: Prosopographie (Munich 1926) = Berve, Prosopographie. Bosworth, Α., A Historical Commentary on Arrian's History of Alexander I (Oxford 1980) = Bosworth, Commentary. Bradford, A.S., A Prosopography of Lacedaemonians from the Death of Alexander the Great, 323 B.C., to the Sack of Sparta by Alarle, A.D. 396 ('Vestigia' 27; Munich 1977) = Bradford, Prosopography. Bradford Welles, C, 'Romanization of the Greek East', BAmSocP 2 (1965) Briant, P., Antigone le Borgne (Paris 1973) = Briant, Antigone. Brunt, P.A., Italian Manpower 225 B.C. - A.D. 14 (Oxford 1971) = Brunt, Manpower. 'The Romanization of the Local Ruling Classes in the Roman Empire'. Assimilation et résistance à la culture gréco-romaine dans le monde ancien. Travaux du Vie congrès international d'études classiques, Madrid 1974 (éd. D.M. Pippidi, Paris 1976). Cabanes, P., 'Les inscriptions du théâtre de Bouthrôtos', Actes du colloque 1972 sur l'esclavage ('Annales littéraires de l'université de Besançon' 163; Paris 1974). Calderini, Α., La manomissione et la condizione dei liberti in Grecia 2 ('Studia Historica' 21; Rome 1965) = Calderini, Manomissione.