University of Westminster & Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board

Transcript

1 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Reading Task 1 Task 2 Military Journal Newspaper Article Time allowed 60 minutes Candidates should attempt all the questions. All answers must be written in English. All notes, rough work and answers must be written in the booklets provided. Do not turn this page over until instructed to do so. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 1 of 28

2 Task 1 Military Journal Your task is to translate the following text. Your translation should convey both the content and meaning, as well as reflect the tone and register of the original passage. This passage concerns the Royal Navy s recent acquisitions. Η Μεγάλη Βρετανία είναι πολλή απασχοληµένη αυτή την περίοδο µε το πιο απαιτητικό πρόγραµµα ναυτικών προµηθειών των τελευταίων χρόνων. Ο κατάλογος πολεµικών προµηθειών περιλαµβάνει αντιτορπιλικά (έξι πλοία υπό σύµβαση, µε άλλες επιπλέον µονάδες προγραµµατισµένες), πυρηνικά υποβρύχια µάχης (τρία υπό παραγγελία µε άλλες παραγγελίες προγραµµατισµένες), και βοηθητικά σκάφοι (τέσσερα πλοία υπό κατασκευή). Μελλοντικά, το πολεµικό ναυτικό σκοπεύει να αποκτήσει καινούργια πλοία κατηγορίας µάχης, ένα νέο σύστηµα υποστήριξης και, το σηµαντικότερο, δύο νέα αεροπλανοφόρα. Αλλά ενώ όλα αυτά ίσως να δηµιουργούν την εντύπωση ότι παίρνουν ώθηση τα πολεµικά ναυπηγία της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας, όµως υπάρχει γενική αντίληψη ότι αδυναµίες σε µερικούς τοµείς, όπως τους δοµικούς, τεχνολογικούς και διοικητικούς, έχουν δηµιουργήσει σοβαρές δυσκολίες σε τµήµατα της ναυπηγικής βιοµηχανίας. Τα τελευταία χρόνια αυτά τα ελλείµµατα έχουν γίνει όλο και πιο προβληµατικά, καθώς ένας σηµαντικό ποσοστό προµηθευτικών προγραµµάτων έχουν µείνει πίσω. Οι δυσκολίες εκτέλεσης της σύµβασης έχουν επηρεάσει σηµαντικά τις εγκαταστάσεις του Barrow όπου µία σειρά καθυστερήσεων έχουν δηµιουργήσει τεταµένες σχέσεις µε τον πελάτη. Τα προβλήµατα στο ναυπηγείο απορρέουν από της δυσκολίες µε το νέο σύστηµα σχεδιασµού µε υπολογιστή, µε αποτέλεσµα την µηχανική συµφόρηση και καθυστερήσεις στην διαδικασία κατασκευής. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 2 of 28

3 Task 2 Newspaper Article Your task is to translate the following text. Your translation should convey both content and meaning, as well as reflect the tone and register of the original passage. This passage is about the Iraqi police force. Η µετάβαση της ιρακινής αστυνοµίας από ένα όργανο του πανίσχυρου µηχανισµού ασφαλείας του Σαντάµ Χουσείν σε µια κανονικά εκπαιδευµένη και νοµοταγή αστυνοµική δύναµη δεν θα µπορούσε να είναι µια οµαλή διαδικασία. Κανονικά χρειάζονται τρεις µήνες για να µετεκπαιδευτεί ένας αξιωµατικός της αστυνοµίας να λειτουργεί στα πλαίσια των νόµων του νέου Ιράκ, αλλά η κυβέρνηση συνασπισµού, κάτω από την πίεση του απρόβλεπτου εφιάλτη όσον αφορά την ασφάλεια, προσπαθεί να το κατορθώσει σε ακόµα πιο σύντοµο χρονικό διάστηµα. Μέχρι τώρα αξιωµατικοί της αστυνοµίας έχουν εκπαιδευτεί για να αποτελέσουν µια δύναµη η οποία µέχρι το τέλος του επόµενου έτους υπολογίζεται να φτάσει τις Συγχρόνως οι αµερικανικές στρατιωτικές περιπολίες στη Βαγδάτη έχουν µειωθεί σηµαντικά, προφανώς για να περιοριστούν τα θύµατα. Αλλά αυτό έχει ως αποτέλεσµα η ιρακινή αστυνοµία να αντιµετωπίζει συχνά µόνη της το νέο σκληρό κύµα εγκλήµατος στη χώρα τους. Οι άντρες της ιρακινής αστυνοµικής περιπόλου «Νοέµβρης-5» περνούν το περισσότερο διάστηµα της ηµέρας οδηγώντας σε σηµεία όπου είναι γνωστό ότι γίνονται ταραχές και εκεί διεξάγουν ελέγχους σε αυτοκίνητα για όπλα και εκρηκτικά. Η περιφέρεια τους είναι µάλλον η πιο επικίνδυνη της πρωτεύουσας, διότι είναι µια τεράστια εµπορική περιοχή µε περισσότερα από 900 µικρά ξενοδοχεία όπου συχνάζουν πλανόδιοι εργάτες, και η οποία έχει όλα τα προβλήµατα µιας µοντέρνας δυτικής πόλης. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 3 of 28

4 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Listening Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Radio Discussion News Item Military Briefing Time allowed 60 minutes Candidates should attempt all the questions. All answers must be written in English. All notes, rough work and answers must be written in the booklets provided. Do not turn this page over until instructed to do so. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 4 of 28

5 Task 1 Radio Discussion Your task is to identify the major issues in a discussion on a civilian topic and summarise in writing the views of the two speakers, one of whom is male, the other female. You will hear the discussion twice. There will be a silence of three minutes on your CD between broadcasts and a further five minutes at the end after the second recording. You may take notes during the recordings and the three-minute silence, and you must complete the task during the five-minute silence after the second recording. The discussion is about private and public funding. Task 2 News Item Your task is to write the gist of a radio news item. You will hear the passage once only, after which there will be a silence of ten minutes on your CD. You may take notes during the recording, and you must complete the task during the tenminute silence on your CD. The news item is about arms sales to Israel. Task 3 Military Briefing Your task is to summarise a number of points from a military briefing. You will hear the briefing twice. There will be a silence of three minutes between briefings and a further ten minutes after the second recording. You may take notes during the recordings and the three-minute silence, and you must complete the task during the ten-minute silence after the second recording. Your summary should cover the following three points: a. Iraq b. The MOD's recent procurement of Apache c. The Euro-army. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 5 of 28

6 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Tapescripts Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Radio Discussion (English Version) Radio Discussion (Greek Version) News Item (English Version) News Item (Greek Version) Military Briefing (English Version) Military Briefing (Greek Version) Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 6 of 28

7 ListeningTask 1 Radio Discussion (English Version) Private or Public Funding? 1. MARK I ve just been on to my accountant. I dread brown envelopes coming through the door. Why should I pay all this tax? I have private health care. Why should I pay for other people to go to hospital? 2. ROZ Mark, it s your decision to go private. Most people can t afford it. You re a rich man. You ve done pretty well. Don t you think you ought to put something back? 3. MARK I understand what you re saying. But how much of what I put in actually goes on patient care? And how much goes on a gang of unnecessary bureaucrats pushing forms around? 4. ROZ But do you honestly think that bureaucracy is simply confined to public organisations? What about all the appraisal and target setting that goes on in companies today? And another thing, if you start privatising one thing, where are you going to stop? Do you really think we should privatise police forces or fire services? 5 MARK Don t be silly. Of course I appreciate that public services need to be funded. But I m a businessman. I want to know where my money goes. I want to see some return for it. 6 ROZ Absolutely. Of course you need transparency. That's why the government publishes statistics 7 MARK Yeah and we all know what you can do with statistics. What I m saying is if I'm going to pay so much tax, I want to know where it goes and I want to be able to say if I disagree with what the government is going with my money. Now I believe in education 8 ROZ And you pay for your children to go to public school 9 MARK Yes I do: it s a good investment I believe they ll get a first-rate education which will set them up for life. But I m talking about state education. I believe a country with good schools and colleges and universities has a head start over other countries in many, many fields - including business. 10 ROZ But if you think quality state education is such a good idea and I agree it is then why send your child to a private school? 11 MARK It's a good investment. We all know that the state system is lousy and until it improves, why should I jeopardise my children's future? 12 ROZ But don't you see that's part of the problem? It's just the same as with the health service. If you pay for these services, then all that will happen is the best doctors, nurses and teachers will move across to the private sector - 13 MARK - So they should, it's the laws of market forces - 14 ROZ Which means that you're widening the gap between good service and bad service. No way will you end up with the good state education service you say you believe in. 15 MARK But that patently isn't true. Look at the French health system. Some say it's the best in Europe. It's funded by insurance, which everyone pays, and there are no waiting lists at least nowhere near as big as the UK and the treatment is first class. And the British health system is even sending people for treatment there. 16 ROZ Okay fine, a particular system doesn t always work. But I'm talking about the principle. In a society you should have basic rights for everyone: access to health care; access to education; the right to feel safe in the streets Private business cannot be trusted to deliver. It has to be the state and you have to pay taxes to achieve that. It's only fair. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 7 of 28

8 Listening Task 1 Radio Discussion (Greek Version) (ΝΟΤΕ. Only the questions have been translated verbatim. The interviewee will translate/answer from pre-prepared notes for the sake of making the recording realistic) 2.Μάρκ αποφάσισες να στραφείς στην ιδιωτική ασφάλιση. Οι περισσότεροι άνθρωποι δεν µπορούν να αντεπεξέλθουν οικονοµικά σε κάτι τέτοιο. Εσύ είσαι πλούσιος. Τα έχεις καταφέρει πολύ καλά. εν πιστεύεις, ότι θα έπρεπε να βάζεις κάποια ποσά στην άκρη; 4. Πιστεύεις όµως πράγµατι, ότι η γραφειοκρατία περιορίζεται απλά στους δηµόσιους οργανισµούς; Τι γίνεται µε όλες τις αξιολογήσεις και τους προγραµµατισµούς που συµβαίνουν σήµερα στις εταιρίες; Και επιπλέον, αν αρχίσεις να ιδιωτικοποιείς έναν τοµέα, που θα σταµατήσει αυτό; Πιστεύεις αλήθεια, ότι θα έπρεπε να ιδιωτικοποιήσουµε το αστυνοµικό σώµα ή την πυροσβεστική υπηρεσία;. 6. Φυσικά. Βεβαίως χρειάζεται η διαφάνεια. Αυτός είναι και ο λόγος που η κυβέρνηση εκδίδει τις στατιστικές-. 8.Και πληρώνεις για να πάνε τα παιδιά σου σε ιδιωτικό σχολείο-. 10.Αλλά αν πιστεύεις, ότι η υψηλού επιπέδου κρατική εκπαίδευση είναι τόσο καλή ιδέακαι συµφωνώ ότι είναι- τότε γιατί να στέλνεις το παιδί σου σε ιδιωτικό σχολείο; 12. εν βλέπεις όµως, ότι αυτό είναι µέρος του προβλήµατος; Είναι ακριβώς το ίδιο, όπως και µε την περίθαλψη; Εάν πληρώνεις για αυτές τις υπηρεσίες, τότε αυτό που θα συµβεί θα είναι να µεταβούν οι καλύτεροι ιατροί, νοσοκόµοι και δάσκαλοι στον ιδιωτικό τοµέα-. 14.Πράγµα το οποίο σηµαίνει, ότι µεγαλώνεις το χάσµα ανάµεσα στην καλή και την κακή παροχή υπηρεσιών. εν υπάρχει τρόπος έτσι να έχεις την καλή παροχή υπηρεσιών στην κρατική εκπαίδευση, στην οποία λες ότι πιστεύεις.. 16.Εντάξει ένα συγκεκριµένο σύστηµα δεν είναι πάντα επιτυχηµένο. Μιλάω όµως για τη βασική ιδέα. Σε µια κοινωνία θα έπρεπε να υπάρχουν βασικά δικαιώµατα για όλους: πρόσβαση στην περίθαλψη πρόσβαση στην εκπαίδευση το δικαίωµα να νιώθεις ασφάλεια στους δρόµους εν µπορείς να εµπιστευτείς τις ιδιωτικές επιχειρήσεις, για να σου εξασφαλίσουν αυτά. Πρέπει να στα παρέχει η πολιτεία και πρέπει να πληρώνεις φόρους, για να επιτευχθεί αυτό. Αυτό είναι και το πιο δίκαιο.. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 8 of 28

9 Listening Task 2 News Item (English Version) Large quantities of British arms and internal security equipment are being sold to Israel despite the government's public criticism of the country's human rights record and growing violence there. Export licences for weapons are being cleared even though the Foreign Secretary has admitted that Israel has broken promises that British equipment would not be used in the occupied territories. Exports approved by the government this year cover categories including chemical and biological agents such as tear gas. They also include categories covering mortars, rocket launchers, anti-tank weapons, military explosives, and infra-red and radar sensors. In its annual human rights report the Foreign Office says that it is deeply concerned at the impact that the continuing Israeli occupation and the associated Israeli military operations have had on the lives of ordinary Palestinians. It goes on to say that both Israel and the Palestinian terrorist groups have shown a worrying disregard for human rights, and specifically refers to British arms exports. The human rights report also refers to four Britons who lost their lives or were seriously injured in the past year as a result of the continuing crisis. Yoni Jesner was a victim of a suicide bomb in Tel Aviv in September. Iain Hook, an engineer, was shot by the Israeli army in the Jenin compound where he worked in November Thomas Hurndall, a peace activist, was shot in Rafah, Gaza, in April this year, while trying to shield Palestinian children. James Miller, a British journalist, was shot and killed in Gaza in May, while filming the destruction of Palestinian homes. According to the government's arms control guidelines, exports will be blocked if there is a clear risk that the proposed export might be used for internal repression. The guidelines say licences will not be issued for exports which would provoke or prolong armed conflicts or aggravate existing tensions or conflicts in the country of final destination. Weapons exports will also be banned if there is a clear risk that the recipient would use the proposed export aggressively against another country, or assert by force a territorial claim. The government told the Commons last month that Britain has not sold main equipment such as tanks, aircraft, warships or artillery to Israel since May Last night a government spokesperson said that since the outbreak of violence in the occupied territories in September 2000, the government has taken account of Israeli military tactics in its licensing decisions and keeps the situation under close review. 413 words in English Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 9 of 28

10 Listening Task 2 News Item (Greek Version) Κυρίες και κύριοι καλησπέρα σας, Μεγάλες ποσότητες βρετανικών όπλων και εξοπλισµού εσωτερικής ασφαλείας πωλούνται σε Ισραηλινούς, παρά τη δηµόσια επίκριση της κυβέρνησης όσον αφορά το ιστορικό της χώρας στα ανθρώπινα δικαιώµατα και την αυξανόµενη βία. Οι άδειες για εξαγωγές όπλων εγκρίνονται, µολονότι ο υπουργός Εξωτερικών παραδέχθηκε ότι το Ισραήλ δεν τήρησε τις υποσχέσεις του ότι ο βρετανικός εξοπλισµός δε θα χρησιµοποιηθεί στις κατεχόµενες περιοχές. Οι εξαγωγές, οι οποίες εγκρίθηκαν από την κυβέρνηση αυτόν το χρόνο, συµπεριλαµβάνουν κατηγορίες όπλων που εµπεριέχουν χηµικούς και βιολογικούς παράγοντες, όπως τα δακρυγόνα. Συµπεριλαµβάνουν επίσης κατηγορίες όπως ολµοβόλα, εκτοξευτήρες πυραύλων, αντιαρµατικά πυροβόλα, εκρηκτικές ύλες του στρατού, υπέρυθρους αισθητήρες και αισθητήρες ραντάρ. Στην ετήσια επίσηµη έκθεσή του για τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώµατα, το Υπουργείο Εξωτερικών εκφράζει σοβαρές ανησυχίες για την επίδραση που είχε η συνεχόµενη ισραηλινή κατοχή και οι συσχετιζόµενες στρατιωτικές επιχειρήσεις στη ζωή των παλαιστίνιων πολιτών. Συνεχίζοντας δηλώνει ότι τόσο οι τροµοκρατικές οργανώσεις των Ισραηλινών όσο και των Παλαιστινίων αψήφησαν τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώµατα σε ανησυχητικό βαθµό και αναφέρεται συγκεκριµένα στις εξαγωγές βρετανικών όπλων. Η έκθεση ανθρωπίνων δικαιωµάτων επίσης αναφέρεται σε τέσσερις Βρετανούς, οι οποίοι έχασαν τη ζωή τους ή τραυµατίστηκαν σοβαρά τον τελευταίο χρόνο, ως επακόλουθο της συνεχιζόµενης κρίσης. Ο Γιόνι Γέσνερ υπήρξε θύµα βοµβιστικής επίθεσης αυτοκτονίας στο Τελ Αβίβ το Σεπτέµβριο. Ο Iain Hook, µηχανικός, πυροβολήθηκε από τον ισραηλινό στρατό στον καταυλισµό της πόλη Τζενίν, όπου δούλευε το Νοέµβριο του Ο Thomas Hurndall, ακτιβιστής για την παγκόσµια ειρήνη, πυροβολήθηκε στην Ραφά της Γάζα τον Απρίλιο αυτού του έτους, κατά την προσπάθειά του να προφυλάξει παιδιά παλαιστινίων. Ο James Miller, βρετανός δηµοσιογράφος, πυροβολήθηκε και σκοτώθηκε στη Γάζα το Μάιο, ενώ κινηµατογραφούσε την καταστροφή παλαιστινιακών οικισµών. Σύµφωνα µε τις οδηγίες της κυβέρνησης για τον έλεγχο των εξοπλισµών, οι εξαγωγές θα µπλοκαριστούν στην περίπτωση που υπάρχει σαφής κίνδυνος ότι µπορούν να χρησιµοποιηθούν για καταστολές στο εσωτερικό της χώρας. Οι οδηγίες αναφέρουν ότι δεν θα εκδοθούν άδειες για εξαγωγές, οι οποίες µπορούν να προκαλέσουν ή να παρατείνουν ένοπλες συρράξεις, ή να επιδεινώσουν υπάρχουσες εντάσεις ή συγκρούσεις στη χώρα του τελικού τους προορισµού. Οι εξαγωγές όπλων θα απαγορευτούν επίσης, εάν υπάρχει σαφής κίνδυνος ότι ο παραλήπτης µπορεί να χρησιµοποιήσει την επικείµενη εξαγωγή για επιθέσεις εναντίον άλλης χώρας, η για διεκδίκηση εδαφών µε τη βία. Η κυβέρνηση ανακοίνωσε στη Βουλή των Κοινοτήτων τον περασµένο µήνα ότι η Βρετανία δεν έχει πουλήσει βασικό εξοπλισµό όπως τανκ, αεροσκάφη, πολεµικά πλοία ή πυροβολικά στο Ισραήλ από το Μάιο του Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 10 of 28

11 Χθες το βράδυ ένας κυβερνητικός εκπρόσωπος ανέφερε ότι µετά από τις βίαιες εξεγέρσεις στις κατεχόµενες περιοχές το Σεπτέµβρη του 2000, η κυβέρνηση έλαβε υπόψη τις στρατιωτικές τακτικές των Ισραηλινών στις αποφάσεις της για τις άδειες εξαγωγών και παρακολουθεί την κατάσταση από κοντά. Greek words, 438 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 11 of 28

12 Listening Task 3 Military Briefing (English Version) Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I have 3 items of news for you this morning concerning Iraq, the increased UK battlefield capability and the Euro-army. Firstly Iraq. One of the Coalition s priorities is now to find and confiscate weapons and I m glad to say that the Coalition is able to report a number of successes. Three days ago intelligence was received from a local civilian in Mosul that there was an arms cache hidden in the town cemetery. On investigating, the Iraqi police, supported by US infantry, found a large number of light and heavy weapons, including anti-armour rounds. Following on from this success and again acting on a tip-off from a local citizen, Coalition forces sent a quick reaction unit to a house where it was alleged weapons would be found. Confronted by the soldiers, the man in the house admitted to having weapons and voluntarily surrendered a grenade launcher. The soldiers were not fooled however and searched the premises where they found anti-aircraft and assault rifle ammunition. And just yesterday 6 Iraqis were detained at a roadblock after soldiers found an AK-47 in their vehicle. On questioning the Iraqis gave conflicting stories but did disclose their home towns. Town leaders told the soldiers where the men lived and a very considerable amount of weaponry and other items were seized. At the moment I cannot give any further details because of the intelligence implications. On to the UK. You will be aware that last year the National Audit Office had criticized the MOD for splitting the contract for the Apache helicopter into two parts: namely the supply of the hardware itself and the required training programmes. It argued that this was one of the major reasons for the delay in bringing the Apache into service. I am pleased to be able to tell you that the MOD will be able to meet the new implementation deadlines. Training programmes for the pilots converting to type began in September and these courses will be followed by 6 months of training for role. At the same time ground crew training as well as the training of maintenance technicians has begun under a partnership between the Government and private industry. Finally, the UK s participation in the deployment of the new Euro-army to the Congo. The EU has agreed to the deployment of the new Euro-army for the first time outside NATO command. The Euro-army is to take charge of the high risk UN mission to the Congo in an effort to stop the slaughter of civilians. The force is French led but under the command of the European Rapid Reaction Force and comprises support elements from the UK, Canada and Belgium as well as some African troops. Fighting has intensified over the last few weeks and fears are growing that the conflict will descend into full-scale civil war with terrible civilian bloodshed. The UK is contributing a small number of support specialists to the force, a contribution seen as politically necessary because they are considered to be less involved than the French who are not greatly loved in the area. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 12 of 28

13 Listening Task 3 Military Briefing (Greek Version) Καληµέρα σας κυρίες και κύριοι. Τρία είναι τα θέµατα µας σήµερα, το Ιράκ, οι αυξηµένες δυνατότητες του Ηνωµένου Βασιλείου στο πεδίο της µάχης και ο ευρωστρατός. Πρώτα το Ιράκ. Μία από τις προτεραιότητες της Συµµαχίας είναι πώς να βρίσκει και να κατάσχει όπλα, και µε ιδιαίτερη ευχαρίστηση µπορώ να σας πω ότι σε αυτό τον τοµέα η Συµµαχία έχει αρκετές επιτυχίες. Πριν τρεις µέρες είχαµε πληροφορίες από έναν πολίτη της Μοσούλης για την ύπαρξη ενός κρυψώνα στο νεκροταφείο της πόλης, γεµάτου όπλα. Έγινε έρευνα και η ιρακινή αστυνοµία, µε την υποστήριξη αµερικάνικου στρατού βρήκαν έναν µεγάλο αριθµό ελαφρών και βαρέων όπλων, συµπεριλαµβανοµένων και βλήµατα αντιταρµατικών. Μετά από αυτή την επιτυχία, είχαµε µία άλλη προειδοποίηση από έναν ντόπιο ιρακινό πολίτη και αµέσως οι Συµµαχικές δυνάµεις έστειλαν µία µονάδα ταχείας αντίδρασης σε ένα σπίτι όπου πιθανότατα θα υπήρχαν κρυµµένα όπλα. Εκεί, οι στρατιώτες ήρθαν αντιµέτωποι µε έναν άνδρα ο οποίος όταν βρέθηκε αντιµέτωπος µε τους στρατιώτες παραδέχθηκε ότι. ναι πράγµατι, είχε όπλα και τους παρέδωσε έναν εκτοξευτή οπλοβοµβίδων. Αλλά οι στρατιώτες δεν ξεγελάσθηκαν, ερεύνησαν όλο το σπίτι και βρήκαν πυροµαχικά για αντιαεροπορικά και αυτόµατα τυφέκια. Και µόλις χτες, έξι ιρακινοί κρατήθηκαν σε ένα µπλόκο όταν στρατιώτες βρήκαν ένα ΑΚ-47 στο αυτοκίνητό τους. Οι ιρακινοί ανακρίθηκαν και είπαν αλληλοσυγκρουόµενες ιστορίες. Αλλά επίσης αποκάλυψαν τον τόπο καταγωγής τους. Οι αρχές της πόλης είπαν στους στρατιώτες πού κατοικούσαν αυτοί οι ιρακινοί και ένα σηµαντικό οπλοστάσιο βρέθηκε εκεί καθώς και άλλα αντικείµενα τα οποία κατασχέθηκαν. Προς το παρόν δεν µπορώ να δώσω άλλες λεπτοµέρειες για λόγους ασφάλειας. Και τώρα περνάµε στο Ηνωµένο Βασίλειο. Θα γνωρίζετε ότι τον περασµένο χρόνο το Εθνικό Ελεγκτικό Συνέδριο είχε επικρίνει το Υπουργείο Αµύνης διότι χώρισε το συµβόλαιο για τα ελικόπτερα Apache στα δύο, ένα για την προµήθεια των µηχανικών εξαρτιµάντων και το άλλο για τα απαιτούµενα προγράµµατα εκπαίδευσης. Μάλιστα ισχυρίστηκε ότι αυτή ήταν µια από τις κύριες αιτίες που καθυστέρησαν να γίνουν τα Apache επιχειρησιακά. Αλλά µε ιδιαίτερη χαρά είµαι σε θέση να σα πω ότι το Υπ. Αµ θα τηρήσει τις νέες προθεσµίες εφαρµογής. Τα εκπαιδευτικά προγράµµατα εκπαίδευσης στο συγκεκριµένο τύπο για τους πιλότους ξεκίνησαν τον Σεπτέµβρη και θα ακολουθήσουν 6 µήνες επιχειρησιακή εκπαίδευση. Συγχρόνως η κατάρτιση του προσωπικού εδάφους όπως και η κατάρτιση του πληρώµατος τεχνικών έχει ήδη ξεκινήσει κάτω από κοινή συνεργασία της κυβέρνησης και του ιδιωτικού τοµέα. Τέλος, λίγα λόγια για την συµµετοχή της Βρετανίας στην ανάπτυξη του νέου ευρωστρατού στο Κονγκό. Για πρώτη φορά, η ΕΕ έχει συµφωνήσει στην ανάπτυξη του νέου ευρωστρατού εκτός των πλαισίων της Νατοϊκής διοίκησης. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 13 of 28

14 Ο ευρωστρατός πρόκειται να αναλάβει την υψηλού κινδύνου αποστολή των Ηνωµένων Εθνών στο Κονγκό σε µία προσπάθεια να σταµατήσει τη σφαγή πολιτών. Η δύναµη είναι γαλλική αλλά υπό την διοίκηση της Ευρωπαϊκής ύναµης Ταχείας Αντίδρασης και συµµετέχουν το Ηνωµένο Βασίλειο, ο Καναδάς, το Βέλγιο, όπως και µερικά αφρικανικά στρατεύµατα. Η µάχη εντάθηκε κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων εβδοµάδων και αυξάνονται οι φόβοι ότι αυτή η σύγκρουση θα εξελιχθεί σε πλήρους κλίµακας εµφύλιο πόλεµο µε τροµερές απώλειες άµαχου πληθυσµού. Το Η.Β. συµβάλλει µε έναν µικρό αριθµό ειδικών δυνάµεων υποστήριξης, µια συµβολή που θεωρείται πολιτικά απαραίτητη επειδή οι Άγγλοι θεωρούνται λιγότερο αναµεµειγµένοι από τους Γάλλους, που δεν είναι ιδιαίτερα συµπαθείς στην περιοχή. Greek words: 523 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 14 of 28

15 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Writing Task 1 Task 2 Social Letter Translation of a Report Time allowed 90 minutes Candidates should attempt all the questions. All notes, rough work and answers must be written in the booklets provided. Do not turn this page over until instructed to do so. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 15 of 28

16 Task 1 Social Letter Below is an English translation you have made of a letter in Greek that was sent to your CO. Your CO has made some numbered comments, and has asked you to draft a reply on his behalf in Greek. Read the letter and comments, and then draft your reply. You are advised to spend approximately 30 minutes on this task. Note: In your answer to this question, you must show that you have referred to all the points made in the comments. Dear Col Brown, Thank you for the outline programme sent to us in reference to the proposed visit by the foreign minister. After due consideration we suggest the arrangements as outlined below. Could you please confirm these arrangements. ➊ Sat 13: arrival meeting with heads of units lunch ➋ visit joint exercise HQ press briefing at HQ ➌ visit units in the field (photo opportunity) ➍ departure. Could you also take charge of any security arrangements and liaise with the minister s security staff? ➎ Many thanks, Foreign Office Under Secretary Co s notes ➊ Generally confirm all arrangements ➋ ➌ ➍ Lunch in mess or in the field? Press briefing better in press centre not HQ Photo opportunity arrange with military equipment away from exercise area (too many photographers) ➎ Will contact staff about security arrangements Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 16 of 28

17 Task 2 Translation of a Report Prepare a draft translation of the following report. Your report should accurately convey the content of the text. You should include headings as suggested by the notes and your report should be culturally appropriate. You are advised to spend approximately 60 minutes on this task. While emphasizing that its authenticity still remains in question, top Defence officials said today that a newly released videotape depicting al-qaeda leader Osama bin Laden reinforces the threat the terrorist organization continues to pose. The footage, broadcast on September 10 by the Arabic-language news channel Al-Jazeera, is the first new video of bin Laden for almost two years. Analysts are studying the tape to determine its authenticity and to unlock any clues it reveals about bin Laden's location, or whether he is, in fact, still alive. "We don't know if he's dead or alive, or what his capability is right now, or what kind of health he's in. We have a lot of people trying to figure that out," said a spokesman. "Some people's best guess is that he's somewhere there on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan where he has supporters that he can pay off". There have been successes against the terrorist organisation over the last two years. More than 500 al-qaeda members, many of them leaders in the organization, have been captured for killed. US officials claim that Afghanistan no longer is a safe haven for al-qaeda. The Deputy Secretary of Defence said reporters that completely overcoming al-qaeda was going to be a long struggle. Of particular concern were indications that a great many of bin Laden's key lieutenants were trying to cooperate with old loyalists from Saddam Hussein s regime to launch attacks within Iraq. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 17 of 28

18 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Speaking Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Time allowed Task 1 Preparation Transaction Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Transacting Business General Conversation Consecutive Interpreting Situational Interpreting 55 minutes (maximum) 10 minutes 15 minutes approx. 10 minutes approx. 5 minutes approx. 10 minutes approx. The use of dictionaries, glossaries, or any other reference material (whether printed or personal) is not permitted during the preparation phase or at the oral examination board. Mobile phones must be handed in at registration. If you take any reference materials or notes into the preparation room, please make this known to the invigilator immediately. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 18 of 28

19 Task 1 Transacting Business Candidates Brief Scenario: You have been sent to meet an NGO official following reports that they are unhappy with the arrangements for military support. You have 10 minutes to prepare before meeting the NGO official. On completion of the transaction you have 5 minutes to brief your commanding officer (played by the Service Colleague) in English on the outcome. FROM: Your CO TO: You RE: Military support for NGOs We have learned that some of the NGOs in the area are expressing dissatisfaction with the level of support they are receiving from us. We have received a list of points from them regarding what we agreed and the arrangements for convoy protection. We need to know: If there is a problem with the arrangements (if not what is the problem) information about any specific incidents What they think the agreement states Whether they understand the complexities of our role here Do they have any solution for the apparent difficulties Would they like a high level meeting to discuss overall support strategies (I would be happy to meet them if they wish). The NGO needs to understand that our situation is complex and that we have finite resources. Our understanding is that all figures in the arrangements would be ideal scenarios, not fixed guarantees. Sometimes personnel are prioritised elsewhere. We will look into any specific case, but where numbers of personnel detailed to support convoys are concerned, ambushes will happen regardless of how many soldiers accompany the patrol. Report back on your return. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 19 of 28

20 Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Diploma Greek March 2004 Examiners' Pack Speaking Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Time allowed Task 1 Preparation Transaction Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Transacting Business General Conversation Consecutive Interpreting Situational Interpreting 55 minutes (maximum) 10 minutes 15 minutes approx. 10 minutes approx. 5 minutes approx. 10 minutes approx. Contents Page 1 Cover Sheet Page 2 Task 1 Transacting Business Examiners Brief Page 3 Task 1 Transacting Business Service Colleagues Checklist Page 4 Task 1 Transacting Business Candidates Brief Page 5 Task 1 Transacting Business Comparison Sheet Page 6 Task 2 General Conversation Examiners Brief Page 7 Task 3 Consecutive Interpreting Examiners Brief Page 8 Task 4 Situational Interpreting (English Version) Service Colleagues Brief Page 9 Task 4 Situational Interpreting (Greek Version) Examiners Brief Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 1 of 28

21 Task 1 Transacting Business Examiners Brief Scenario: Meeting between NGO official and British military to discuss provision of military support. British serviceman/woman I understand that you are unhappy with the arrangements for military support to your operations. Confirm you have received list. Ask for specific example about recent incident. Inform official that matters are in hand. Express doubt that a larger number of soldiers would have prevented attack. That is not what we agreed. It was explained that the figures would be ideal scenario ones. Often our personnel are on active duty elsewhere. State you can t think of a solution. Find out if NGO official has got a solution. Will pass concerns back to CO. Arrange another high level meeting for CO. For the time being he will have to live with the current arrangements. Will be in touch once the date of meeting is arranged. NGO official No, the arrangements are fine. We agreed those ages ago. No. The problem is that you don t keep to the arrangements. Just as an example, last month we had a food convoy going into the mountains only no guard. What happened? The convoy was ambushed and half the food stolen. That s not the point. It is our understanding that we agreed fixed numbers of military personnel to accompany NGO officials. We know that the job of the military is very complex in this situation, but not supplying the manpower you agreed to supply only makes it worse. What cannot happen is for us to organise an operation and then to find that it is jeopardised through lack of protection. We would like to see meetings before each operation to discuss logistics and an agreement made to deploy a certain number of men. We would supply you with a list of the personnel and their duties and you would do the same We would welcome this. But this sort of thing takes time. In the meantime we would like you to honour your previous agreement and supply enough personnel to ensure the safety of our missions. Tomorrow would be fine. Please can it be in the morning, say I have to travel in the afternoon. CO (service colleague) Arrangements are fine implementation a problem. Many examples Last month food convoy ambushed and attacked, half the food was taken. They think we agreed fixed number of military personnel for NGO operations. Understand the complexity of military s role, but situation can t continue as operations are threatened. They want meetings before each operation Transparency over who is deployed and the duties of each person. A meeting would be fine but they want some commitment for now. Meeting requested for tomorrow. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 2 of 28

22 Task 1 Transacting Business Service Colleagues Checklist For reference you have in this set of papers the Examiners Brief, the Candidates Brief, and on page 5 a Comparison Sheet with the cues for the candidate, for the native speaker, and for you as Service Colleague. Your task in the examination is to check in English the information, which the candidate brings back from a dialogue with the native speaker examiner. On completion of the transaction you will receive a 5-minute brief from your Greek speaker. Scenario: Meeting between NGO official and British military to discuss provision of military support. Checklist: Arrangements are fine implementation a problem. Many examples Last month food convoy ambushed and attacked half the food was taken. They think we agreed fixed number of military personnel for NGO operations. Understand the complexity of military s role, but situation can t continue as operations are threatened. They want meetings before each operation Transparency over who is deployed and the duties of each person. A meeting would be fine but they want some commitment for now. Meeting requested for tomorrow. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 3 of 28

23 Task 1 Transacting Business Candidates Brief Scenario: You have been sent to meet a NGO official following reports that they are unhappy with the arrangements for military support. You have 10 minutes to prepare before meeting the NGO official. On completion of the transaction you have 5 minutes to brief your commanding officer (played by the Service Colleague) in English on the outcome. FROM: Your CO TO: You RE: Military support for NGOs We have learned that some of the NGOs in the area are expressing dissatisfaction with the level of support they are receiving from us. We have received a list of points from them regarding what we agreed and the arrangements for convoy protection. We need to know: If there is a problem with the arrangements (if not what is the problem) Information about any specific incidents What they think the agreement states Whether they understand the complexities of our role here Do they have any solution for the apparent difficulties Would they like a high level meeting to discuss overall support strategies (I would be happy to meet them if they wish). The NGO needs to understand that our situation is complex and that we have finite resources. Our understanding is that all figures in the arrangements would be ideal scenarios, not fixed guarantees. Sometimes personnel are prioritised elsewhere. We will look into any specific case, but where numbers of personnel detailed to support convoys is concerned, ambushes will happen regardless of how many soldiers accompany the patrol. Report back on your return. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 4 of 28

24 Task 1 Transacting Business Comparison Sheet Scenario: Meeting between NGO official and British military to discuss provision of military support. British serviceman/woman I understand that you are unhappy with the arrangements for military support to your operations. Confirm you have received list. Ask for specific example about recent incident. Inform official that matters are in hand. Express doubt that a larger number of soldiers would have prevented attack. That is not what we agreed. It was explained that the figures would be ideal scenario ones. Often our personnel are on active duty elsewhere. State you can t think of a solution. Find out if NGO official has got a solution. Will pass concerns back to CO. Arrange another high level meeting for CO. For the time being he will have to live with the current arrangements. Will be in touch once the date of meeting is arranged. NGO official No, the arrangements are fine. We agreed those ages ago. No. The problem is that you don t keep to the arrangements. Just as an example, last month we had a food convoy going into the mountains only no guard. What happened? The convoy was ambushed and half the food stolen. That s not the point. It is our understanding that we agreed fixed numbers of military personnel to accompany NGO officials. We know that the job of the military is very complex in this situation, but not supplying the manpower you agreed to supply only makes it worse. What cannot happen is for us to organise an operation and then to find that it is jeopardised through lack of protection. We would like to see meetings before each operation to discuss logistics and an agreement made to deploy a certain number of men. We would supply you with a list of the personnel and their duties and you would do the same We would welcome this. But this sort of thing takes time. In the meantime we would like you to honour your previous agreement and supply enough personnel to ensure the safety of our missions. Tomorrow would be fine. Please can it be in the morning, say I have to travel in the afternoon. CO (service colleague) Arrangements are fine implementation a problem. Many examples Last month food convoy ambushed and attacked, half the food was taken. They think we agreed fixed number of military personnel for NGO operations. Understand the complexity of military s role, but situation can t continue as operations are threatened. They want meetings before each operation Transparency over who is deployed and the duties of each person. A meeting would be fine but they want some commitment for now. Meeting requested for tomorrow. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 5 of 28

25 Task 2 General Conversation Examiners' Brief Conduct a general conversation with the candidate. The conversation should last approximately 10 minutes and revolve around topics of current interest. The exact nature of the topics will be decided on the day of the exam. Below are boxes for you to make notes for your own guidance. Social or cultural matters at local or regional level National or regional issues International issues Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 6 of 28

26 Task 3 Consecutive Interpreting (from English into Greek) Examiners' Brief Instructions (given by Service Colleague) Your CO (played by myself) You are required to give a gist interpretation of this short passage in Greek. You are strongly advised to take notes during the reading, and you should start your interpretation just after I have finished speaking. We are pleased to announce that we have signed a contract for a new Command and Liaison Vehicle for the Armed Forces. Worth 166 million, the initial order comprises 401 of the light armoured vehicles, with options on a further 400. The vehicle has a high degree of mobility whilst protecting its crew against small arms fire, anti-personnel mines and other blast weapons. Easily deployable by air, it can be used in a wide range of operational scenarios, from war-fighting to peace-keeping. As well as its armour protection, the vehicle will have a machine-gun for defensive fire and be fitted with a surveillance system. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 7 of 28

27 Task 4 Situational Interpreting (English Version) Service Colleagues Brief Instructions to Candidate by Service Colleague Scenario: handover of operations from one unit to another meeting between two commanders. British CO: Foreign CO: British CO: Foreign CO: British CO: Foreign CO: British CO: Foreign CO: British CO: Foreign CO: British CO: Thank you for coming to this meeting. I d just like to go over some of the key issues about our experience here before handing over to you. Yes. I have read through operational reports and I think I have a reasonable general picture of the scenario here. There are just one or two areas that I would like to have your opinions on. Go ahead. What in particular are you concerned about? I noticed that there seemed to be an increased number of patrol incidents in and around the docks areas. Why is that? There are three reasons. Firstly, there s the issue of itinerant workers. Secondly, the problem of people letting their hair down after having spent a long time at sea, as you d expect. Thirdly, organised crime. From the reports that I have read my understanding was that crime reports in this area were pretty low, apart from the usual petty theft. That was true until about a month ago. Basically, after the amnesty, many criminals returned to their old haunts and picked up where they left off. So that s why you ve increased the number of more heavily armed foot patrols? Yes, we became concerned for their safety in some instances. Your soldiers are trained in this sort of scenario, I take it? Oh yes. In addition to exercises and simulations, they ve seen active service in exactly this sort of scenario. I don t think they ll have a problem adapting to the situation here. That s good news. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 8 of 28

28 Task 4 Situational Interpreting (Greek Version) Examiners Brief British CO: Ευχαριστώ που ήρθατε στην σηµερινή µας συνάντηση. Πριν σας παραδώσω την ευθύνη θέλω να αναφερθώ σε µερικά σηµεία που απορρέουν από την δική µας εµπειρία. Foreign CO: Ναι. ιάβασα την επιχειρησιακή σας έκθεση (your operational report) και νοµίζω πως σε γενικές γραµµές καταλαβαίνω την παρούσα κατάσταση. Αλλά θέλω να µου πείτε την γνώµη σας για ένα-δύο θέµατα. British CO: Βεβαίως. Τι θέλετε; Foreign CO: Εχω την εντύπωση ότι έχει αυξηθεί ο αριθµός επεισοδίων µε τις περιπολίες γύρω από τις λιµενικές εγκαταστάσεις. Γιατί αυτό; British CO: Υπάρχουν τρεις λόγοι. Πρώτον, έχουµε πρόβληµα µε τους πλανόδιους εργάτες. εύτερον, όπως καταλαβαίνετε, µετά από τόσο καιρό στο πέλαγος οι άνθρωποι θέλουν να ξεσπάσουν. Και τρίτο, έχουµε το οργανωµένο έγκληµα. Foreign CO: Σύµφωνοι, αλλά µε την έκθεση που είδα εγώ ο ίδιος, είχα καταλάβει ότι η εγκληµατικότητα σε αυτή την περιοχή ήταν αρκετά χαµηλή. Εκτός βέβαια από τις συνηθισµένες µικροληστείες. British CO: Αυτό πράγµατι ίσχυε µέχρι και πριν ένα µήνα. Αλλά µετά την αµνηστία πολλοί εγκληµατίες επέστρεψαν στα παλιά τους ληµέρια και συνέχισαν αυτά που ήξεραν. Foreign CO: Τότε µάλλον για αυτό τον λόγο αυξήσατε τον αριθµό των πιο βαριά οπλισµένων πεζικών περιπολιών. British CO: Ναι, υπήρχαν περιπτώσεις που ανησυχούσαµε για την ασφάλειά τους. Φαντάζοµαι πως οι στρατιώτες σας είναι εκπαιδευµένοι για τέτοιου είδους καταστάσεις Foreign CO: Βεβαίως. Μάλιστα, εκτός από τις ασκήσεις και εξοµοιώσεις είχαν ενεργό υπηρεσία υπό ακριβώς τις ίδιες συνθήκες. εν νοµίζω πως θα έχουν πρόβληµα να προσαρµοσθούν στην παρούσα κατάσταση. British CO: Χαίροµαι που το ακούω. Ministry of Defence Languages Examinations Board Page 9 of 28