Η εφαρμογή του συστήματος αξιολόγησης αειφόρου ανάπτυξης ENVISION του ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE του Πανεπιστημίου Harvard σε μονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής με γεωθερμία
ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ 1. ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟY 2. THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE: The Envision Rating System 3. ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM: Μονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας 4. ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM: Αστική κλίμακα
1 H ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Πηγές ενέργειας converted into crude oil natural gas coal fuel DIRECT USE after conversion INDIRECT USE as feedstock for conversion nuclear wind electricity solar geothermal hydro heat biomass
Non Renewables Renewables Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Πηγές ενέργειας converted into crude oil natural gas coal fuel DIRECT USE after conversion INDIRECT USE as feedstock for conversion nuclear wind electricity solar Geothermal electricity geothermal hydro biomass heat Geothermal heating
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Χρήση γεωθερμίας παγκοσμίως Geothermal resources currently utilized USA, Philippines, Italy, Mexico, Iceland Indonesia, Japan& New Zealand are the largest users of geothermal energy resources Source: http://dchandra.geosyndicate.com/geoenergy.html Main Geothermal Regions Source: Geothermal Resources Council (GRC)
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Πηγές Γεωθερμίας electricity Geothermal electricity heat Geothermal heating Geothermal Power Plants Ground Source Heat Pumps
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Πηγές Γεωθερμίας electricity Geothermal electricity heat Geothermal heating Resources: Vary in temperature from 30-350 o C (The temperature of the resource is a major determinant of the type of technologies required to exploit the available geothermal field) Can be: dry, mainly steam, a mixture of steam and water or just liquid water Depend on: Geological phenomena (Geothermal reserves, Ground Source Heat Pumps), Soil Properties, Groundwater reserves Have been classified according to their temperatures : Low enthalpy (25 o C 80 o C) Medium enthalpy (80 o C 150 o C) High enthalpy resources (>150 o C) Source: www.geysers.com
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας electricity Geothermal electricity heat Geothermal heating Examples of Applications: depend on the resource temperature Electricity Heating of spaces (radiators, fans, floor) Cooling of spaces Heating of greenhouses or plants Heating of fisheries Industrial applications (desalination, etc) >90 C >25 C >30 C >25 C >15 C >60 C Source: http://dchandra.geosyndicate.com/geoenergy.html
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity Basic process for electricity generation: 1. Drilling rigs probe reservoir in search of superheated fluid (steam/water). 2. Production wells conduct the hot fluid to the surface. 3. Generating units use the fluid energy to produce electricity: a) If the fluid is water, it is flashed to steam in special vessels by release of pressure. b) The steam is fed to spin a turbine engine, which turns a generator and electricity is produced. 4. The remaining hot water can be reused for heating (home heating, greenhouse, vegetable drying or a wide variety of other small scale industries), evaporates, or is cooled in a cooling tower.
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity Advantages: Renewable Energy Source Clean Source with minimum emissions (CO 2, SO 2 ) and equipped with emission-control systems to reduce the exhaust of greenhouse gases carried by drawn fluids. Geothermal fields produce only about 1/6 of the carbon dioxide that a relatively clean natural-gas-fueled power plant produces. Binary plants release essentially no emissions. Direct use, no need to transfer supply Reliable and constant, does not have the volatility of other renewable energy sources Minimal land and freshwater requirements Cost-effective not dependant on changing fuel prices, costs for maintenance is quite low. Geothermal plants are modular. As a result they can be installed in increments and be transported conveniently to any site. Both baseline and peaking power can be generated.
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity Potential Issues: High upfront costs. Most of them refer to exploitation and drilling. Can have negative impacts on water consumption and groundwater quality. However most geothermal facilities have closed-loop water systems, in which extracted water is pumped directly back into the geothermal reservoir after it has been used for heat or electricity production. Impact on land stability. Land subsidence or earthquakes are possible. Release of toxic and global warming air emissions from the wells. The disposal of some geothermal fluids, which may contain low levels of toxic substances. Over exploitation of geothermal sites can affect the capacity of the geothermal field Connection of plant with national grid if placed in remote locations
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity Geothermal power generation is a well established and relatively mature form of commercial renewable energy with 11,400 MW of geothermal power online in 24 countries (2012). It has a high load factor, higher than wind or solar, which means that each MW of installed power capacity produces significantly more electricity during a year. It is continuous rather than intermittent, can be better integrated to the grid and final energy consumption mix. In European region, Greece, Italy and Iceland have geothermal fields of high temperatures capable of electricity production.
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity World electricity-generating capacity by source, 2010 Renewables 26% Wind 4% Solar 1% Hydropower 20% Biomass 1% Fossil Fuels 66% Nuclear 8% Geothermal 0.2% US: has the largest geothermal capacity, now just under 3.4 GW (29.6% of the world total) Mexico: 0.8 GW Philippines: 2.0 GW Indonesia: 1.3 GW
Η ΓΕΩΘΕΡΜΙΑ ΩΣ ΠΗΓΗ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΣΜΟΥ Εφαρμογές Γεωθερμίας_ Παραγωγή Ηλεκτρισμού electricity Greece is in one of the most tectonically active regions in the world with significant high enthalpy geothermal fields: The volcanic arc of southern Aegean (Sousaki, Aegina, Methana, Milos, Santorini, Kos, Nisyros) is a large thermal instable area that creates ideal conditions for high temperature fields. Ιn Milos and Nisiros islands there is an estimated dynamic of 200 & 50 MW respectively. Source: www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/renewable-energyresources/world/europe/geo-europe/geo-greecebig.shtml
2 THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Zofnass Program for Sustainable Infrastructure was established in 2008 at Harvard s Graduate School of Design. ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Source: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/research_centers/zofnass/
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE It develops know-how, tools and methodologies for planning and evaluating urban infrastructure. It focuses on the integration of sustainable infrastructure and urban planning. ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Source: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/research_centers/zofnass/
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Η προσέγγιση του Zofnass Buildings Multiple tools available eg. LEED Envision Rating System Project Scale Zofnass Program Infrastructure Zofnass Sustainable Planning Guidelines City Scale
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Βιωσιμότητα και αειφόρος ανάπτυξη The approach of the Zofnass program covers the Environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Βιωσιμότητα και αειφόρος ανάπτυξη The approach of the Zofnass program covers the Environmental, social, economic dimensions of sustainability. Environmental sustainability focuses on : The protection and maintenance of natural processes and ecosystems so that humans and other species are sustained.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Βιωσιμότητα και αειφόρος ανάπτυξη The approach of the Zofnass program covers the Environmental, social, economic dimensions of sustainability. Social sustainability focuses on : The availability of resources for the well being of individuals and communities such as food, shelter, education, work, income, safe living and working conditions, creativity, cultural heritage, inclusion.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Βιωσιμότητα και αειφόρος ανάπτυξη The approach of the Zofnass program covers the Environmental, social, economic dimensions of sustainability. Economic sustainability focuses on : Consumption and production patterns, growth, development and productivity while promoting the use of resources in ways that are efficient, responsible and likely to provide long-term benefits.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Η προσέγγιση του Zofnass The Zofnass Program focuses on Infrastructure : Including basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operations of society. Enabling the flow of commodities such as goods and services. Consisting of interconnected structural elements providing the framework for sustainable development. The quality and extensiveness of infrastructure networks can impact economic growth and reduce income inequalities and poverty
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System for project scale Envision Envision is the product of a joint collaboration between: the Zofnass Program for Sustainable Infrastructure at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design and the Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure The purpose of Envision is to help users determine the extent to which their proposed infrastructure design truly contributes to conditions of sustainability.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE Η προσέγγιση του Zofnass Envision The ENVISION Rating System: Envision Project Scale An Implemented Rating System is both an assessment tool for sustainable infrastructure projects and a template for planning, designing and constructing sustainable projects. Envision Checklist is an educational tool that helps users become familiar with the sustainability aspects of infrastructure project design.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System for project scale Envision Envision covers the physical components of infrastructure that make up the built environment. Provides a holistic framework for evaluating and rating the community, environmental, and economic benefits of all types and sizes of infrastructure projects. Evaluates, grades, and gives recognition to infrastructure projects that use transformational, collaborative approaches to assess the sustainability indicators over the course of the project's life cycle. Are we doing the project right? Are we doing the right project?
ENVISION Rating System for Sustainable Infrastructure The Envision Rating System_ Evaluation Envision The Envision Rating System evaluates infrastructure through 60 credits organized in the following 5 categories and their sub-categories: QUALITY OF LIFE RESOURCE ALLOCATION NATURAL WORLD CLIMATE & RISK LEADERSHIP Credits and criteria Infrastructure ENERGY WATER FOOD WASTE TRANSPORTATION LANDSCAPE INFORMATION Source: Zofnass Program for Sustainable Infrastructure, Spiro N. Pollalis, Professor, Harvard GSD, Program Director
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Categories Envision Categories - Quality of life Quality of Life addresses a project s impact on surrounding communities, from the health and wellbeing of individuals to the wellbeing of the larger social fabric as a whole. QUALITY OF LIFE
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Categories Envision Categories - Leadership Project teams are most successful if they communicate and collaborate early on, involve a wide variety of people in creating ideas for the project, and understand the long-term, holistic view of the project and its life cycle. LEADERSHIP
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Categories Envision Categories Resource Allocation Optimal allocation and use of resources needed to build infrastructure (construction) and keep it running (operations). RESOURCE ALLOCATION
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Categories Envision Categories Natural World Infrastructure projects have an impact on the natural world around them the habitats, species, and non-living natural systems. NATURAL WORLD
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Categories Envision Categories - Address long-term climate change Address long-term climate change. Minimize emissions that may contribute to increased short and long-term risks and ensure infrastructure projects are resilient to short-term hazards or altered long-term future conditions. CLIMATE AND RISK
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Subcategories Envision Sub-Categories By grouping the credits into broader categories of impact, EnvisionTM helps users to see the forest AND the trees, and navigate the complex trade-offs or synergies across the credit indicators. The subcategories provide a means of further grouping the credits within a category but should not be viewed as encompassing the entirety of the subcategory topic.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Credits Envision Credits There are 60 credits in all. A credit comprises a sustainability indicator on an aspect of environmental, social, or economic concern. Each credit section presents a description and evaluation criteria for how to earn points associated with the credit.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Evaluation Criteria Envision Evaluation Criteria As mentioned, each of the sixty credits contains a set of evaluation criteria that assessors will look for when determining if the qualifications for each level of achievement have been met for a particular credit. Evaluation criteria requirements may include, but are not limited to: Performing calculations (for example, calculating energy use or the percent of recycled materials in the structure); Creating an action plan (for example, a plan to promote public transportation use or a plan to prepare for possible disasters); Meetings with stakeholders; Consulting with experts (for example, working with a local ecologist to minimize adverse impacts on local wildlife).
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Points and scoring Envision Points and Scoring Each credit has designated point values for the established levels of achievement. Credits vary in points based on a variety of factors, including the level of sustainability achieved within the credit and the weight of the credit in the overall sustainability assessment of the project.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Levels of Achievement Envision Scoring - Levels of Achievement A five-point scale allows project teams the flexibility to establish achievement levels that are within the project budget and scope: RESTORATIVE Performance that restores natural or social systems CONSERVING Performance that has achieved essentially zero impact SUPERIOR Sustainable performance that is noteworthy ENHANCED Indications that superior performance is within reach IMPROVED Performance that is at or above conventional
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Check List Envision The Envision Checklist is an educational tool that helps users become familiar with the sustainability aspects of infrastructure project design. It can be used as a stand-alone assessment to quickly compare project alternatives or to prepare for a more detailed assessment. Through a set of assessment questions, Envision Checklist provides quantitative output on Envision sustainability categories: 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Yes 77% Yes 63% Yes 51% Yes 28% Yes 55%
Resources
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Guidance Manual Envision The Envision Manual includes guidance on: Project type and credit applicability Points and Scoring Credit List Navigating The Guidance Manual Documentation for best rating Using the scoring module
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System_ Guidance Manual Navigation Envision Navigating The Guidance Manual Credit Title and Identification Number Intent: The purpose of the credit. Levels of Achievement Documentation Code Description of the sustainability issue Advancing to Higher Levels of Achievement Total Possible Points Metrics: How the credit will be measured Evaluation Criteria Sources Related Credits
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The Envision Rating System Envision The Manual can be downloaded from: http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/research_centers/zofnass/envision% 20Manual_v2a.pdf Other resources: http://www.sustainableinfrastructure.org/downloads/index.cfm
The Institute of Sustainable Infrastructure Web Platform
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Credentialing: professional development An ENV Sustainability Professional (ENV SP) is an ISI credentialed practitioner who is trained to use the Envision sustainable infrastructure rating system. Each ENV SP works as an integral part of a project team to achieve the highest level of sustainability for their infrastructure projects. Envision Sustainability Professional (ENV SP) Hold a four year degree OR have a Professional Engineer (PE) or equivalent professional designation; Completion of ISI conducted computer-based courses on Envision and its use; Successful passage of an online examination on the use of Envision of 75 questions with a successful score of 75%; Submission of all applicable fees.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Step 1: Project Registration 1A) One credentialed ENV SP need register the project on behalf of the project owner or project team. The ENV SP is an ISI credentialed professional working on the project team on behalf of the design firm, the contractor or the infrastructure owner. (A project may have more than one ISI credentialed professional associated with it) 1B) The Application Fee must be paid when the application form is submitted 1C) A specific set of information on the project is needed for registration.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Step 2: Assessment The documentation to be submitted for rating is being prepared: open process, no time restrictions The project team ensures that the documentation submitted with the Assessment demonstrates the Level of Achievement claimed. (Engineers and Architects are responsible for ensuring engineering and architectural plans are accurate) The project team may contact the Verifier during the Assessment for clarifications or questions on Envision like evaluation, documentation or interpreting Levels of Achievement. The project team will notify the Verifier and ISI when the Assessment is complete.
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision ISI: using the scoring module The Scoring Module works in conjunction with the Guidance Manual and is an online interactive tool that guides users by assigning levels of achievement for each credit. Summaries of those scores will determine a primary section sub-total and the overall sustainability score for the project. Users may access the Scoring Module on the ISI website (http://www.sustainableinfrastructure.org/).
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Step 3: Verification The Project Team will notify the ISI when they want to begin the Verification and will pay the Verification Fee, which is based on the dollar value of the project. The Verifier will review the Levels of Achievement and supporting documentation provided by the Project Team. If additional documentation is required to prove a Level of Achievement, the Verifier will request it from the project team. The Verifier lists an interim score and notifies ISI when the Verification is complete. ISI s Verification process takes 90 days to complete
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Step 4: Authentication The ISI Authenticator will review the Verification to ensure the same standards and interpretations are applied to all projects. The Authenticator's confirmation of the Verifier's score is considered the final project score. If the Authenticator's final decision on a credit differs from the Verifier's, the project team will be notified to provide additional proof where documentation was not sufficient to support the Level of Achievement requested. Notification of the final score is sent to ISI, the Verifier, and the project team. The Verifier will contact the project team to schedule a Verification close out teleconference to discuss the final score. After, the project team may request an appeals process*. Otherwise, the project will move to the Recognition step. *Appeal will go before an Appeals Board composed of three Verifiers assigned by ISI. An Appeals Fee of $500 per credit will be due
THE ZOFNASS PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE The ISI Web Platform Envision Step 5: Recognition The Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum awards will be given based on the percentage of applicable points. The project must meet a minimum percentage of points to be eligible for awards.
3 ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development QUALITY OF LIFE RESOURCE ALLOCATION NATURAL WORLD CLIMATE & RISK LEADERSHIP Envision Credits and criteria ENERGY WATER FOOD WASTE TRANSPORTATION LANDSCAPE INFORMATION Geothermal Power Plant Evaluation Infrastructure Projects
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation Envision credits related to basic issues of geothermal power plant design and operation.
PURPOSE WELLBEING COMMUNITY Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation ZOFNASS RATING CREDITS Geothermal Power Plants QL 1.1 Improve community quality of life QL 1.2 Stimulate sustainable growth and development Provide diverse, affordable and reliable energy supply. QL 1.3 Develop local skills and capabilities QL 2.1 Enhance public health and safety QL 2.2 Minimize noise and vibration Investigate the possibility of increased earthquake and land subsidence risks. QL 2.3 Minimize light pollution QL 2.4 Improve community mobility and access QL 2.5 Encourage alternative modes of transportation QL 2.6 Improve site accessibility, safety and way finding QL 3.1 Preserve historic ad cultural resources QL 3.2 Preserve views and local character QL 3.3 Enhance public space Design and place facilities incorporating them into the landscape and surroundings, minimizing visual impact. Especially for remote and sensitive ecological areas (islands).
COLLABORATION Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation LEADERSHIP ZOFNASS RATING CREDITS Geothermal Power Plant LD 1.1 Provide effective leadership and commitment LD 1.2 Establish a sustainability management system LD 1.3 Foster collaboration and teamwork LD 1.4 Provide for stakeholder involvement Involve public authorities, residents, engineers and ecological organizations from the first stages of planning in order to avoid conflicts later. PLANNING MANAGEMENT LD 2.1 Pursue by-product synergy opportunities LD 2.2 Improve infrastructure integration LD 3.1 Plan for long-term monitoring and maintenance LD 3.2 Address conflicting regulations and policies LD 3.3 Extend useful life Ensure compatibility and integration with all relevant energy infrastructure entities. Provide techno-economic studies tracing all direct and indirect costs and additional projects required.
MATERIALS Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation ZOFNASS RATING CREDITS Geothermal Power Plant RA 1.1 Reduce net embodied energy RA 1.2 Support sustainable procurement practices RA 1.3 Use recycled materials RA 1.4 Use regional materials RA 1.5 Divert waste from landfills RA 1.6 Reduce excavated materials taken off site RA 1.7 Provide for deconstruction and recycling Resolve management of excavated material from drilling. Provide studies for the deconstruction of the facilities and restoration of the site after decommission. RA 2.1 Reduce energy consumption WATER ENERGY RA 2.2 Use renewable energy RA 2.3 Commission and monitor energy systems Set benchmarks and create a monitoring plan for the performance of the installation. RA 3.1 Protect fresh water availability RA 3.2 Reduce potable water consumption RA 3.3 Monitor water systems Investigate the potential for using recycled water in processes.
SITING Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation ZOFNASS RATING CREDITS NW 1.1 Preserve prime habitat NW 1.2 Protect wetlands and surface water Geothermal Power Plant Trace impact of all processes on local floral and fauna, wild life habitats and corridors. NW 1.3 Preserve prime farmland BIODIVERSITY LAND & WATER NW 1.4 Avoid adverse geology NW 1.5 Preserve floodplain functions NW 1.6 Avoid unsuitable development on steep slopes NW 1.7 Preserve green fields NW 2.1 Manage storm water NW 2.2 Reduce pesticide and fertilizer impacts NW 2.3 Prevent surface and groundwater contamination NW 3.1 Preserve species biodiversity NW 3.2 Control invasive species NW 3.3 Restore disturbed soils NW 3.4 Maintain wetland and surface water functions Resolve the disposal of geothermal fluids, which may contain toxic materials. Provide detailed study for the restoration of soils disturbed during facilities construction.
EMISSION RESILIENCE Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Mονάδες ηλεκτροπαραγωγής γεωθερμίας Towards a Sustainable Development_ Geothermal Power Plants Evaluation ZOFNASS RATING CREDITS Geothermal Power Plant CR 1.1 Reduce greenhouse gas emissions CR 1.2 Reduce air pollutant emissions Investigate the possibility of release of toxic gases and provide plan for emission control systems. CR 2.1 Assess climate threat CR 2.2 Avoid traps and vulnerabilities CR 2.3 Prepare for long-term adaptability CR 2.4 Prepare for short-term hazards CR 2.5 Manage heat island effect Take into consideration the possible impacts of climate change on the facility and provide for its resilience the specific measures.
4 ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Αστική Κλίμακα
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Αστική Κλίμακα Η προσέγγιση του Zofnass Sustainability The Zofnass Program for Sustainable Infrastructure in Harvard University provides a series of tools and resources on sustainable development in contemporary cities for: existing expanding new urban developments EXISTING EXPANDING OR NEW URBAN DEVELOPMENTS
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Αστική Κλίμακα Total area for development: over 11,640 acres DCK KARACHI DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION EXAMPLES Masterplan of DCK Karachi, Pakistan Defense Housing Authority (DHA) Karachi
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Αστική Κλίμακα Μasterplan of DCK Karachi, Pakistan At a distance of 50 km from Karachi, the new city for 600,000 inhabitants is targeted to be a landmark urban development with a high quality of living and to serve as a model sustainable Pakistani city of the 21 st century. The city was planned by OSMANI, in collaboration with Doxiadis Associates and RMJM, with Prof. Spiro Pollalis as the chief planner and sustainability expert.
I m p l e m e n t a t i o n Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Masterplan of DCK Karachi, Pakistan DCK Infrastructure through the lens of Zofnass program Sustainable Planning Guidelines QUALITY OF LIFE LEADERSHIP RESOURCE ALLOCATION NATURAL WORLD CLIMATE AND RISK New Development DCK City Karachi LOCATION: Karachi, Pakistan AREA: 47,000,000 m2 POPULATION: 500.000 pp
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Masterplan of DCK Karachi, Pakistan DCK in Envision Checklist The checklist has been used in DCK giving: an excellent performance in Quality of Life (Yes: 77%, No: 4%) a very good performance in Leadership (Yes: 63%, No: 21%), Resource Allocation (Yes: 51%, No: 27%), and Climate Risk (Yes: 55%, No: 17%) An adequate performance in Natural World (Yes: 28%, No: 24%) 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Yes 77% Yes 63% Yes 51% Yes 28% Yes 55% 0%
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Αστική Κλίμακα Total area for development: 6.008.075 m 2 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION EXAMPLES Development of Hellinikon former Athens airport HELLINIKON AE
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Development of Hellinikon former Athens airport Sustainable planning The planning followed the holistic approach of the Zofnass program. Phases Planning Scales Environmental protection Green development Social prosperity Planning Construction Operations Infrastructure Blocks Buildings Soil Water Energy Air Health & Comfort Awareness Innovation Certification
I m p l e m e n t a t i o n Γεωθερμία, η μεγάλη αγνοούμενη στην Ελλάδα ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Development of Hellinikon former Athens airport Hellinikon Infrastructure through the lens of Zofnass program Sustainable Planning Guidelines QUALITY OF LIFE LEADERSHIP RESOURCE ALLOCATION NATURAL WORLD CLIMATE AND RISK New Development Hellinikon Former Athens Airport LOCATION: Athens, Greece AREA: 6.008.075 m 2 Use of renewable energy sources Water streams & soil management Waste & Grey water management Limitation of private vehicles & connection to the surroundings Metropolitan Park & Accessible sea front
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗ ΤΟΥ ENVISION RATING SYSTEM Development of Hellinikon former Athens airport Hellinikon in Envision Checklist The checklist has been used for Hellinikon project giving: an excellent performance in Quality of Life (Yes:85%, No: 4%) and Leadership (Yes:84%, No 16%) a very good performance in Resource Allocation (Yes: 56%, No: 17%), Natural World (Yes: 41%, No: 4%) and Climate Risk (Yes: 64%, No: 18%) 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Yes 85% Yes 84% Yes 56% Yes 41% Yes 64% 0%