Croy Lesson 6 Vocabulary Croy Lesson 6 ἀγρός, ὁ αἰώνιος, -ον ἐλεέω ἐπερωτάω ἐρωτάω καρπός, -οῦ, ὁ κρατέω µετανοέω οὖς, ὠτός, τό ὑπάγω χαίρω ὧδε TENSE Greek Verbs Present, Future, Imperfect, Aorist, Perfect, Pluperfect VOICE Active, Passive, Middle MOOD Indicative, Infinitive, Participle, Subjunctive, Imperative, Optative PERSON 1st, nd, rd NUMBER Singular, Plural TENSE Greek Verbs Present, Future, Imperfect, Aorist, Perfect, Pluperfect VOICE Active, Passive, Middle MOOD Indicative, Infinitive, Participle, Subjunctive, Imperative, Optative PERSON 1st, nd, rd NUMBER Singular, Plural IMPERATIVE Mood Commands Prohibitions using μη No First Person (use Hortatory Subjn.) No ἐaugment (only used with Indicative) IMPERATIVE Mood Present Tense Built on 1 st Principal Part Linear: ongoing, inceptive (start and keep on doing), repeated action Aorist Tense Active and Middle/Dep built on rd Prin. Part Passive built on 6 th Prin. Part Simple action (but not necessarily a one-time matter) (For negative Aorist commands, use μη + AorSubjn) (Perfect Tense is rare) 1
IMPERATIVE Mood Second Person Imperative Keep on going! \ (Start and continue to) Go! > Present Go and go and go! / Go! Get going! > Aorist IMPERATIVE Mood Third Person Imperative Let him/her/them keep on going!! \ Let him/her/them(start & continue to) go! > Present Let him/her/themgo and go and go! / Let him/her/them get going! Let him/her/them go! > Aorist Prohibitions Present Imperative with μη Forbid or stop the continuance of an action Stop going! Do not keep on going! Do not (ever in general) go! Aorist Subjunctive with μη Categorical prohibition forbidding an action Do not go! Do not start going! λῦε λυέτω λύου λύεσθω λύετε λυέτωσαν / PASSIVE λύεσθε λυέσθωσαν λῦε = Be loosening! λυέτω = Let him/her be loosening! λύετε λυέτωσαν λῦε λυέτω λύετε < Indic/Impv λυέτωσαν / PASSIVE / PASSIVE λύου = Keep on being loosened! λύεσθω = Let him/her keep on being loosened! λύεσθε λυέσθωσαν λύου λύεσθω λύεσθε < Indic/Impv λυέσθωσαν
Corinthians 10:7 Τὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον βλέπετε. λύετε < Indic or Impv NET: You are looking at outward appearances. NRSV: Look at what is before your eyes. Also cf. Cor11.1 λυσον λυσατω λυσαι λυσασθω λύσατε λυσατωσαν λύσασθε λυσασθωσαν λυσον = loosen! λυσατω = let him/her loosen! λύσατε λυσατωσαν λυσον λυσατω λύσατε λυσατωσαν λυσαι λυσασθω λύσασθε λυσασθωσαν λυσαι > Imp/Inf λυσασθω λύσασθε λυσασθωσαν PASSIVE PASSIVE λυθητι λυθητω λύθητε λυθητωσαν λυθητι λυθητω λύθητε > Imp/Sub λυθητωσαν Imperative or Subjunctive? Luke :68 ἐὰν δὲ ἐρωτήσω, οὐ µὴ ἀποκριθῆτε.
Second Aorist Imperatives Second Aorist Imperatives PASSIVE λαβε λαβετω λαβετε λαβετωσαν ἐγερθητι ἐγερθητω ἐγερθητε ἐγερθητωσαν λαβου λαβεσθω λαβεσθε λαβεσθωσαν IMPERATIVE Endings Active and AorPass Middle / Passive / Deponent Singular Plural Singular Plural --, -ς, - θι/τι, - σον/ον,? -τε -σο, -ου -σθε είμί ἴσθι ἔστω ( ἤτω ) ἔστε ἔστωσαν -τω -τωσαν -σθω -σθωσαν Present: Use 1 st Principal Part stem Aorist Activeand M/D: σα / α coding or changed stem ( rd Principal Part) Aorist Passive: θη / η coding or changed stem (6 th Principal Part) IMPERATIVES ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνοµά σου ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου γενηθήτω τὸ θέληµά σου, καὶ µὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡµᾶς εἰς πειρασµόν, ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡµᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ. IMPERATIVES Σώθητε 4
IMPERATIVE Mood Present or Aorist Tense: What s the difference? Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near. Matt. Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you. Matt 5.44 but deliverus from evil. Matt 6.1 if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out Matt 5.9 Present or Aorist? Imperatives: Tense Repent / µετανοεω «Pray / προσευχοµαι «Love /α γαπαω «Rejoice / χαιρω «Matt and Mark use present; Acts and Rev use Aorist Cf. Matt 6.6 (pres/aor) and 6.9 (pres); Note James 5.1 (pres) and 5.14 (aor) Note 1 Pe 1. as only use of Aorist Note Luke 6. as only instance of Aorist Imperatives: Tense Present or Aorist? Ἀσπάσασθε τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς πάντας ἐν φιλήµατι ἁγίῳ. Find a brother and give him a holy kiss. Give everyone my greetings. Christians should always greet one another in a culturally appropriate way. Imperatives: Tense Present or Aorist? Matthew 10:11 κἀκεῖ µείνατε ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθητε. Mark 6.10 ἐκεῖ µένετε ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθητε ἐκεῖθεν. Example cited from: http://lingamish.wordpress.com/007/10/9/swak/ Prohibitions ἅπτω1aor. ἧψα, mid. ἡψάµην; (1) active, of a firelight, kindle(ac 8.; LU.55); () middle; (a) literally touch, take hold of, hold (JN 0.17); of food touch, eat(co.1); (b) figuratively and euphemistically ἅπτεσθαι γυναικόςliterallytouch a woman, i.e.have sexual intercourse with a woman(1c 7.1); with the implication of conveying divine blessing or power through physical contact touch(mk 10.1; LU 8.46); in a negative sense harm(1j 5.18) Verb River (Logos) BGT λέγει αὐτῇ Ἰησοῦς µή µου ἅπτου, KJV Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; NET Jesus replied, "Do not touch me, NRS Jesus said to her, "Do not hold on to me, MSG Jesus said, "Don't cling to me, NAU Jesus said to her, "Stop clinging to Me, Present Mid Impv S 5
Croy Lesson 6 Assignment Practice and Review 1-6 NT,, 4, 5, 9 Take Home Quiz Give the MOOD (Indicative, Infinitive, Participle, Subjunctive) and the TENSE (Present, Aorist, etc.) of the following verbs within the context of the sentences below. κράζοντα ἐξελθέτωσαν MOOD TENSE κράζοντα τὰ τέκνα ἐξελθέτωσαν ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας. 6