V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y : (2001) (B rugess) , (L sch, 1954) [2 ], (2001) [7 ] : ( )

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1 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : (2001) , 2, 1, 1, 1 (11, ; 21, ) :, CBD ; ;, (B rugess) : ; ; : TU 984 : A 1, 1999, Scieces,,, 1925 (Burgess, 1925) [1 ],, : (CBD ), (L sch, 1954) [2 ],, (1995) [3 ],, 1,,,,,,, 1985 [4 ] ;, (2000) [5 ], (2000) [6 ], (2001) [7 ],,, : ; : ; : : ( ) : (19542),,,, E2m ail: lliw ag@public1bta1et1c

2 ; ; 2, CBD, (H erbert, T hom as, 1997) [8 ], CBD,,, CBD 1949,,,, (1996) [9 ] :,,, (x i, y i), (x θ, y θ ) x : x θ = yθ = 1 1 P x ip i (1) i= 1 P i= 1 y ip i (2) P, p i i,,,,, : (x i, y i), (x θ, y θ ) : x θ = x i i= 1 p i m i yθ = y i i= 1 p i m i p i i= 1 m i p i i= 1 m i x i y i, p i, m i i p i, i m i (1) (4), A rc V iew M ap O b jects V isal Basic,, 1 2 : (3) (4), , ; , , CBD, CBD,,, (L sch, 1954) [2 ],, 2, CBD,, CBD,,,,,

3 4 : 333,, CBD,,,,, CBD, CBD, CBD,, CBD,,,,, CBD CBD 1949, (Yag, 1990) [9 ],,, CBD, 1990,,, :,,,,, , ,,,,,,,, , ,, 1 F ig11 T he urba m ap, populatio cg (ceter of gravity) ad comm ercial cg i Shaghai

4 334 20,, ,,, 1998, 1998,,, : ,, ,,, 2,,, 1994,,,, , ,,,,, 2 F ig12 T he trasfer of populatio cg ad comm ercial cg i Shaghai

5 4 : 335,, 3,,, How lad, Katkhaova (2000) [10 ],,,,, ,,,, 1 km, 11, ( 1 km ),,,, ( 3), 3, , 4 5 ( 3 5 km ) 1979, 7 9 ( 6 9 km ), 10 ( 9 10 km ), 1984, 7 ( 6 7 km ), 3 F ig13 R atio chage of idustrial lad i cetral of Shaghai

6 % 25% 1979,, 1988, 1991,,,,, B rugess,,, , : 1947, 7 km 11 km 3%, %, %, ( 9 10 km ), % 1947, 4 5 ( 3 5 km ), 1979, 1949,, 1984, 8 10 km, 15% 20%, 6 km, 15% 20%,,,,,,,, 3, ,, 1984,,,, (M iyao, 1981) [11 ],,,, 4,,,,,,, Garreau (1991) [12 ] H ederso (1996) [13 ],, ( ), (chao s) :,,,,

7 4 : 337,,,,, (2001) [7 ] 4,,,,,,,,,,, 60,,,,, 4 F ig14 Spatial structure of po tetial edge cities i Shaghai

8 338 20,,, 3, : 20 km, 20 km,,, 6 8 ; 20 km, 4 ; km 30 km,,, 10, 6, 50 km, : 8,, ;,,,,, H ederso (1996) [13 ],,,,,,,,,, 1993,,,,,,, 1996,,,,,,, 5,,,, ),, ( : (1) CBD, CBD, CBD, CBD, (2),,,, (3),,,

9 4 : 339 : [ 1 ] Burgess E W. T he Grow th of the C ity[m ]. I: Park R E, Burgess E W, M ckezie R D (eds). T he C ity, Ch ica2 go: U iversity of Chicago P ress, [ 2 ] L sch A. T he Ecoom ics of L ocatio[m ]. N ew H avaa: Yale U iversity P ress, [ 3 ]. [J ]., 1995, 3 (2) : [ 4 ],. [J ]., 1985, 4 (3) : [ 5 ],. : [J ]., 2000 (4) : [ 6 ]. [J ]., 2000, 15 (6) : [ 7 ],,. [J ]., 2001, 16 (2). [ 8 ] H erbert D T, T hom as C J. C ities i Space: C ity as P lace[m ]. L odo: D avid Fulto Publishers, [ 9 ]. : [M ]. :, [ 10 ] How lad M, Katkhaova A M. Chage I St Petersburge idustrialbelt after lad p rivatizatio[j ]. E v irom et ad P laig (C): 2000, 18: [ 11 ] Garrau J. Edge C ity[m ]. N ew Yo rk: Doubleday, [ 12 ] H ederso V, M itra M. T he ew urba ladscape: D evelopers ad edge cities[j ]. R eg ioal S ciece ad U rba E 2 coom ics, 1996, 26: The Com plex ity Aalysis of the Spatial Structure i Shagha i W AN G Zheg 1, 2, D EN G Yue 1, SON G X iu2ku 1, W U B ig 1 (11U rba & Evirom etal D yam ics ad Geocomputatio L abo rato ry, East Ch ia N o rm al U iversity, Shaghai , Ch ia; 21Istitute of Po licy ad M aagem et, CA S, Beijig , Ch ia) Abstract: I th is paper w e m ake a research o comp lex ity of the spatial structu re of Shaghai. It is foud that the spatial structu re of Shaghai o t o ly show s the typ ical Burgess structu re ad L sch secto r bu t also show s a sig of comp lex ity. T he evideces are as fo llow ig: F irstly, the comm ercial cg (ce ter of gravity) ad the ce tral bu siess ce ter (CBD ) of Shaghai are separated. T he CBD of Shaghai is qu iet stab le becau se the ex istece of idu strial iertia. But the comm ercial cg alw ays moves after the populatio cg to pursue m ax im al p rofiṫ T he i teractio of the comm ercial cg ad the CBD m ay cau se a sudde tra sitio of the CBD. T h is pheom eo is the m u tatio i Chao s theo ry. Secodly, the idu strial zoes m ay o t alw ays be of u ited Burgess Structu re. D iffer2 e t period m ay p roduce differe t Burgess rigs becau se of differe t tech ique. I 1950 s ad 1960 s there s o ly oe peak i Shaghai w h ich stads fo r the agglom eratio of idu s2 try. It is ear the ce tral bu siess ce ter. A d i 1970 s ad 1980 s ao ther peak appeared i the area 7 8 k ilom eters aw ay from ce teṙ A fter 1990 the th ird peak cam e ou t fu rther

10 aw ay from the CBD. T here are stab le low 2de sity idu strial areas betw ee the first peak ad the secod peak from the ce ter. So the idu strial zoes appear alteratively i spa2 tial. A s to the case of Shaghai, it is show ed as a idu stry2o rie ted m u ltip le structu re. T h irdly, edge cities w ill appear after the ce tral city overcom es the po te tial th resh2 o ld. Edge cities appear i a h ierach ical w ay, ad look like flyig spo ts i spatial. It is seem ed that i Shaghai the edge cities are co tro lled by the roud fo rce ad secto r te sio sim u ltaeou sly. T he scales of the edge cities are co tro lled by the spatial distace betw ee the ce ter of Shaghai ad edge cities. But the co tro l pow er show s o liear characteṙ If the edge cities are too ear to the ce ter, they are of cou rse mo re likely to accep t the leak2 age from the ce ter, bu t it also raise the re t of edge cities. So the scale of these edge cities w ill be either too large o r too sm all. A s the distace becom es loger, edge cities w ill be sparse. But as the re tal com es dow the scale of the edge cities are larger although the um ber of them are sm all. I geeral, the spatial distribu tio of the edge cities i Shaghai show s the evideces of chao ṡ Key words: C ity spatial structu re; comp lex ity; Shaghai

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