A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA

Transcript

1 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 54, N o. 4 July, 1999 : (1999) , (, ) :,,, 2,, : ; 2; : F : A,, :,,, [1 ] ; 1995, GD P 52129% 51136%, [2 ] ;, [3 ] 2, , ,, 2,,,,,,, : ; : : ( ) [Foundation item: N ational N atural Science Foundation of Ch ina, N o ] : (19562),,, 50, E2m ail: eesyxp@zsu. edu. cn 8,, 4,, : L Q ij= E ijge j,, L Q ijj i ; E ijj i ; E i j E ige () i ; E j j ; E ()

2 300 54, 1,, ; 1,, [46 ] 2 ;,,, ;, B gn ) (BasicgN onbasic 1, ,, 1,,,, : 80,, ;, 1, Ξ Tab11The basic and nonbasic population con stitute of differen t industr ies in Guangzhou, BgN (1: x) g% BgN (1: x) g% g% g% 0122 g g g g 0131 g g g g g g g 0159 g g g 2118 g g Ξ 1985, 1984, 1985, , : (1986, 1996) (1986, 1995)

3 4 : , 48166%, %, B gn ,,,, 300,,,,,, 2,, , B gn, 10, B gn, 8 B gn, :,, 112,, B gn, , B gn , B gn 10168,, 59135%,, 37148%,,,, 1995, B gn 11154, 39139%,,, ( 30135% ) 1g3,,,, B gn,,,, B gn,,, 113,, 1985, (B gn 1) 5, 1995, B gn 1 8,

4 ,, B gn 1,,,,, B gn 1,,,, B gn, 1995, 89174%,, B gn 1,,,,,,,,, B gn 1,,,,, 80, 60% B gn , 80%,, 80, 1992, , 83% 75%,, B gn 1 1,,,,,, B gn , 40148%, 80,,,,,, B gn 1, 1995, 55116%,,,, B gn 1,,,,,,

5 4 : 2 303,, 1995, 40% , (1 ) % %, 3129% 6136%,, 10%,,, ;,, 2, 1992, B gn 10136,, 73112% ; 83%,,, 2 B gn,,,,, 400, 154 : 1818%, 2513%, 2217%, 1413%, 1819%:, (),, () (2) 2(), 1996 (% ) Ξ Tab12The serv ice scope of production serv ice corporation in Guangzhou in Ξ :

6 304 54,,,,,,, 40%, 3, 26%,,, 3 3 B gn 1992, 3 B gn , 80%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,,, ( ),,,, 9(1b) [7 ],,,,,, 311, :, ( ),,,,,,

7 4 : (a) (b) Fig. 1 1 Development of econom ic base theory model : 1aIlleris(1985) 312,,,, [8 ],, ;,, 60,,, 80,,,,, ( ),,,,, ( )

8 ,, 1b, ( ),, ( ),, [9 ],, ;, ;,,, [10 ] :,, [11 ] ; ;,,,,,, ;,,,,, [12 ], 1,,,,,, (1a),,,,,,,,,,,, (1b), 4,,,,,,,,,

9 4 : (References) [1 ]Yan X iaopei, J ian L uya. T he substantive impacts of the industrial restructuring on Guangzhou developm ent [J ]. E conom ic Geog ra2 p hy, 1993, 13 (3): (3): ] ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1993, 13 [2 ]Yan X iaopei. Efficiency and tendency of industrial structure in Guangzhou [J ]. Geog rap hy and T erritorial R esearch, 1998 (2): ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1998 (2): ] [ 3 ]Yan X iaopei, Yao Yim in. Characteristics of developm ent and spatial distribution of the tertiary secto r in Guangzhou [J ]. E conom ic Ge2 og rap hy, 1997, 17 (2): ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1997, 17 (2): ] [ 4 ]Zhou Yixing. U rban Geography[M ]. Beijing: T he Comm ercial P ress, ( In Ch inese) [. [M ]. :, ] [5 ]Xu Xueqiang, Zhu J ianru. M odern U rban Geography[M ]. Beijing: Ch ina Building Industry P ress, ( In Ch inese) [,. [M ]. :, ] [6 ]Yu Hongjun, N ing Yuem in. O utline of U rban Geography[M ]. H efei: A nhui Science and T echno logy P ress, ( In Ch inese) [,. [M ]. :, ] [7 ]Illeris S. L ocation of services in a service society[a ]. In: D aniels P (ed. ). Service Industries: Grow th and L ocation [C ]. Cam bridge: Cam bridge U niversity P ress, [8 ]D aniels P W. Service Industries in the W o rld Econom y[m ]. O xfo rd; B lackw ell, [9 ]C lark D. U rban Geography[M ]. L ondon: B illing and Sons L im ited, [ 10 ]L ey D F, H utton T A. T he service secto r and m etropo litan developm ent in Canada [A ]. In: D aniels P W (ed. ). Services and M etropo liton Developm ent[c ]. London: Routledge, [11 ]Yan X iaopei. T he analysis on the location facto rs of info rm ation secto r[j ]. E conom ic Geog rap hy, 1996, 16 (1): 18. ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1996, 16 (1): 18. ] [12 ]M artinelli F. A dem and- o riented app roach to understanding p roducer services [A ]. In: D aniels P W, M oulaert F (edṡ ). T he Changing Geography of A dvanced P roducer Services[C ]. London: Belhaven P ress, Changes of the Basic-Nonbasic Econom ic Activ ities in Guangzhou A Re-con sidera tion of the Econom ic Ba se Theory of Urban D evelopm en t YAN X iao2pei, XU Xue2qiang (Centre f or U rban & R eg ional S tud ies, Z hong shan U niversity, Guang z hou510275) Abstract: T h is paper focu ses on the changes of the basic2nonbasic econom ic activities in Guangzhou since the m iddle of 1980ṡ T he atten tion is in itially paid to the compo sition and change of u rban ba sic2nonba sic econom ic act ivit ies. Fou r resea rch find ing s have been ach ieved. T he general change tendency w as that the scale of u rban basic econom ic ac2 tivities w as sm aller than that of nonbasic ones and show ed the tendency of becom ing sm all2 er w ith tim e. T he secondary secto r show ed the sh rink ing scale of basic activities bu t the tertiary secto r had a reverse change. T he scale of the basic econom ic activities of indu s2 try sh rank and experienced a sh ift of the basic part being b igger than nonbasic part to2 w ards sm aller than nonbasic, bu t indu stry w as still the m ajo r econom ic basis of Guangzhou. T he p ropo rtion s of basic and nonbasic parts of m any tertiary trades

10 changed, i. e. as the fo rm er ro se, the latter fell, o r the basic part had a relatively h igh p ropo rtion all the tim e, w h ich strengh thened the statu s of the basic activities in u rban eco2 nom ic developm en ṫ T he fact, the basic emp loym en t (basic population ) of p roducer services increased w ith a faster speed than the to tal emp loym en t and accoun ted fo r nearly 10% in the to tal emp loym en t, indicated that the p roducer services w ere becom ing one of the impo rtan t componen ts in the u rban econom ic basis and had the huge po ten tial and po s2 sib ility of occupying the regional m arket. T hen the analysis w as tu rned to the ex ternal function of the p roducer services based on questionnaires. T he resu lts show ed that: In the p roducer services of Guangzhou, there indeed ex isted basic econom ic activities of expo rting services to its su rrounding re2 gion s (Guangdong P rovince, the w ho le coun try and the overseas). T he differences of the ex ternal function s among the trades of p roducer services w ere obviou s. T he finance and in su rance secto rs had sm aller p ropo rtion s of p roviding services fo r the areas ou tside of the city than o ther secto rs like info rm ation con su ltan t, computer app lication, and scien tific research and techno logical services. T he p roducer services in Guangzhou serviced m ain2 ly fo r Guangdong P rovince, w h ich show ed that the developm en t level and scale of p roduc2 er services w ere lim ited and their in ternational m arket w as narrow. T h irdly, the econom ic base theo ry of u rban developm en t w as discu ssed. T he research resu lts show ed that services no t on ly p rovided services fo r cities them selves bu t also ex2 po rt services to the areas ou tside cities. A nd p roducer services m ain ly p rovided services fo r the areas ou tside cities (i. e. m ain ly being basic econom ic activities) w h ich indicated that p roducer services have the function of engineering econom ic grow th. T he sub stance of de2 velopm en t of basic econom ic activities lies in the tradab ility of services. Several facto rs, info rm ation techno logy, tran snational en terp rises of services and tran sfo rm ation of gov2 ernm en t function, have resu lted in the services tradab ility. A ll these changes m ade the re2 lation sh ip betw een basic econom ic activities and u rban developm en t mo re comp licated than befo re. A re2exp lanation to the traditional econom ic base theo ry, paying mo re atten tion to in teraction betw een u rban econom ic activities and the location sign ificance of the theo ry, w as m ade. W ith the techno logical p rogress, the impacts of basic econom ic activities on u r2 ban developm en t by stages have been iden tified. A ll these imp ly that the classic theo ries have no t w ell exp lained the u rban developm en t in the po st2indu strial society and it is very necessary to m ake the re2exp lanation to the classic theo ries and bu ild new theo ries. Key words: p roducer services; ba sic2nonba sic act ivit ies; u rban developm en t theo ry