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Κυβηλη Αργυριάδης
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1 ICMSF (, ) :,E2Test, 13 (Π ) : 12,FDBb212 2,39, (12Π12) (12Π12) (11Π12) (10Π12) (9Π12) (7Π12),,13 9 :;, ; ,,, 20,77 %, 78 %,57 % CFUΠg, FDA [6 ] [7 ],, 1 CFUΠml 100 CFUΠg, - 20,, MPN FDA (BAM), MM 9,9,,, FDA (BAM) MPNΠg(ml), MPNΠ100 g(ml) [7],,, MPN,,,,,,MPN, [1 ] Hope B K, Baker A R, Edel E D, et al. An overview of the Salmonella enteritidis risk assessment for shell eggs and egg products[j ]. Risk Anal, 2002, 22 :203. [2 ] Stock K, Stolle A. Incidence of Salmonella in minced meat produced in a European Union2approved cutting plant [J ]. J Food Prot, 2001, 64 :1435. [3 ] Baumler A J, Hargis B M, Tsolis R M. Tracing the origins of Salmonella outbreaks[j ]. Science, 2000, 287 :50. [4 ] Rabsch W, Tschape H, Baumler A J. Non2typhoidal Salmonel2 losis : emerging problems[j ]. Microbed Infect, 2001, 3 :237. [5 ] Willian Horwitz. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC Inter2 national, 17th Edit. Vol I[ Z]. [6 ] U. S. FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual Edit[Z] [7 ] GBΠT [ S]. [: ] :R15 ;R ;TS :A : (2005) :

2 Survey on resistance to antibiotics of 12 strains of probiotics commonly used for functional foods in China XU Jin, LIU Xiu2mei (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese CDC, Beijing , China) Abstract : Antibiotic susceptibility testings were made by gradient diffusion ( E2Test ; AB Biodisk) on deman, Rogosa, Sharpe (MRS) agar plate for 12 strains of probiotics commonly used as an ingredient of functional foods. The antibiotics included, AmoxicillinΠclavulanic acid, Vancomycin, TrimethoprinΠsulfamethoxazone, Trimethoprin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Streptomyxin, Tetracycline, Amikacin, Kanamycin, Nalidixic acid, Ceftriaxone, and Cephalothin. The result showed that all strains were resistant to Amikacin and Kanamy2 cin, and sensitive to AmoxicillinΠclavulanic acid and Chloramphenicol. The main resistant pattern in antibiotic susceptibility testing was Amikacin (12Π12), Kanamycin ( 12Π12), Nalidixic acid ( 11Π12), TrimethoprinΠ sulfamethoxazone (10Π12), Trimethoprin (9Π12) and Vancomycine (7Π12). Key Words : Probiotics, Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Dietary Supplements ( Bifidobacterium bifidum ) ( Bifidobacterium inf antis) ( Bifidobacterium longum) ( Bifidobacterium breve) ( Bifidobacterium adolesent) ( Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. (Lactobacillus acidophilus) ( Lactobacillus caseisubsp. bulgaricus),, casei) (Lactobacillus plantarum) ( Lactobacillus reuteri) ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus) ( Streptococcus thermophilus),, [3 ] (1 2), 4 [2 ] : ; 1 Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM NCFM Rhodia, Inc. (Madison, WI) Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS21 DDS21 Nebraska Cultures, Inc. (Lincoln, NE) Lactobacillus acidophilus SBT22062 SBT22062 Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) Bifidobacterium longum SBT22928 SBT22928 Lactobacillus acidophilus R0011 R0011 Institut Rosell (Montreal, Canada) Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0052 R0052 Lactobacillus acidophilus LA21 LA21 Chr. Hansen (Horsholm, Denmark) Lactobacillus paracasei CRL 431 CRL 431 Bifidobacterium lactis Bb212 Bb212 Lactobacillus casei Shirota Shirota Yakult (Tokyo, Japan) Bifidobacterium breve strain Yakult Yakult Lactobacillus casei Immunitas Danone (Paris, France) Lactobacillus fermentum RC214 RC214 Urex Biotech (London, Ontario, Canada) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR21 GR21 Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 La1 Nestl(Lausanne, Switzerland) Lactobacillus plantarum 299V 299V Probi AB (Lund, Sweden) Lactobacillus rhamnosus Lactobacillus reuteri SD2112 SD2112 Biogaia (Raleigh, NC) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG GG Valio Dairy (Helsinki, Finland) Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB21 LB21 Essum AB (Ume, Sweden) Lactococcus lactis L1A L1A Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118 UCC118 University College (Cork, Ireland) Bifidobacterium longum BB536 BB536 Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. (Zama2City, Japan) Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 HN019 New Zealand Dairy Board Lactobacillus acidophilus LB LB Lacteol Laboratory, (Houdan, France) Lactobacillus paracasei F19 F19 Arla Dairy (Stockholm, Sweden) 109

3 ; ;, (2) E2Test (AB BIODISK) (3),MRS (OXOID) 112 WHO E2Test [4,5 ], :MRS 10 ml MRS,37 48 h 015 ml 10 ml MRS, 150 mm MRS,5 min,,,37 48 h E2 Test 2 1 L. acidophilus VJ 0017 VJ L. acidophiluslhc2cy21782m LHC2CY21782M 3 L. rhamnosus k k 4 L. rhamnosus (LGG) GG(LGG) 5 L. casei LCC2LY2178 LCC2LY L. reuteri 7 L. fermentium VRI002 VRI002 8 B. infantis DBT 02D DBT 02D 9 B. animals FDBb212 FDBb B. adolescentis 11 B. species 12 Streptococcus thermophilus ST(J5) 10D - 12 ST(J5)10D ( gπml) 1 AmoxicillinΠclavulanic acid AMC Π Vancomycine VA TrimethoprinΠsulfamethoxazone SXT Trimethoprin TMP Gentamicin GEN Chloramphenicol CHL Streptomyxin STR Tetracyclin TCY Amikacin AMI Kanamycin KAN Nalidixic acid NA Ceftriaxone CRO Cephalothin CEP (MIC) gπml Π VJ LHC2CY21782M k GG(LGG) LCC2LY VRI DBT 02D FDBb ST(J5) 10D

4 5 1 VJ LHC - CY21782M k GG(LGG) LCC - LY VRI DBT 02D FDBb ST(J5) 10D ,,WHO, (MIC),E2Test 13 12, FDBb212 2,3 3,(4 5) (12Π12) - (12Π12) - (11Π12) - (10Π12) - (9Π12) - (7Π12),,13 9, (MRSA),, -, [6 ],, 12, 7 4 Soile, [8 ],, A A B,A,,,vanA ;B,,vanB [7 ] Klein [9 ] ( DSM20016 ATCC55149 ATCC53608 ATCC55730 ATCC55148) (ATCC53103) vana vanb vanc,6, vana vanb vanc,, 2002 FAO/ WHO [10 ] ( Report of a Joint FAO/ WHO Working Group on Drafting Guide2 lines for the Evaluation of Probiotics in Food) :, ;, : ; ; ;, ;, ;,,FAO/ WHO, 111

5 ICMSF (, ) :,,,4, 4 LB,, VITEK32 Listeria monocytogenes API ,6114 %, (12144 %), (38146 %), 4,7155 %5120 % 30 1Π2a (),, [5 ] Yoshikasu Hamasaki, Mitsuko Ayaki, Hidatake Fuchu. Gra2, dient diffusion antibiotic susceptibility testing of potentially probiotic Lactobacilli [J ]. Journal of Food protection,2001,, 12 (54) : [6 ]. [M]. :,, 2002, , [7 ] Soile T, Kavindra VS, Pekka V. Vancomycin resisitance fac2, 12,,, [1 ]. [M]. :, 2002, 180. [2 ] Philippe M. Safety aspects of probiotic products[j ]. Scand J Nutr, 2001, 45 : [3 ] www. Products with Probiotics. htm[ Z]. [4 ] Petersen A, Aarestru F M, Jensen A B. Global Salm2Surv. A global Salmonella surveillance and labrotary support project of the World Health Organization[ Z] tor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes[j ]. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 1998, 4 : [8 ] Markay AD, Taylor MB, Kibbler CC, et al. Lactobacillus endocarditis caused by a probiotic organism[j ]. Clinical Mi2 crobiology and Infection, 1999, 5 : [9 ] Klein G, HallmannC, Cases IA, et al. Exclusion of vana, vanb and vanc type glycopeptide resistance in strains of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus rhamnosus used as probiotics by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization methods [ J ]. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2000, 89 : [ 10 ] WHOΠFAO. Guidelines for the Evaluation of Probiotics in food[ Z] [: ] :R15 ;TS218 ;R :A : (2005) :;(2002Y018) : 112 This work was supported by both the Special Funds of Ministry of sci2 ence and Technology and the Grant from Science and Technology Plan of Fujian Province (2002Y018), China

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