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1 226.+.,, Part ph.*. 3*. +* m + *+. +* m *+. +* m + ph,, Zygosaccharomyces Zygosaccharomyces Zygo- saccharomyces *+. m... 2/,*,2 naitou@gakusen.ac.jp

2 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 227 O-+/1,+ +** -** ppm 1* 2* /*,21 Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus / +** ph 2* 3* +* +** +,, ,,- + 3* - ph 3*. ph.*../. LL +330 O-+/1 +

3 228.+.,, + +, 0,/ +,* +, // / -, ph +,, -**, +/*, /* ph ,, +*, , +* * +/ *, ,/, /* +,3 + +/ + 2 -* +,* /,, +* -* /* +,. +*,*.*.*** + +* * / + - +* // +, -* /,* - 0/ * / +,* + +,, 0 + /,,2 + / * - +/ 1/ 2,/ - +, + +/ * -, +* +..* 2 +3, / ph. 0 ph - 0* -** +* +/ 1,* - - +/ / +, +* 0* +*,+, 2, +, 1* +/ 0*, +/ -+ Lactobacillus,/ /1 +,,, - 0 Lactobacillus /,* Lactobacillus L D DL Lactobacillus DL Lactobacillus /3 Lactobacillus Lactobacillus 0/ 1*, ph2 +,, ph Lactobacillus fructivorans +** -** ppm.,

4 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 229, ph ph +, +* /. - Lactobacillus plantarum Pediococcus acidilactici Leuconostoc mesnteroides Enterococcus feacalis Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactococcus lactis Leuconostoc mesnteroides Leuconostoc mesnteroides Leuconostoc mesnteroides Lactobacillus fructivorans Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Leuconostoc mesnteroides Leuconostoc mesnteroides Enterococcus feacalis Leuconostoc mesnteroides Enterococcus feacalis Lactobacillus fructivorans Enterococcus feacium Enterococcus feacalis Lactobacillus fructivorans Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis

5 230.+.,,. Lactobacillus L. plantarum L. brevis Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus sp. L. plantarum L. plantarum L. plantarum Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus sp. L. viridescence, 0 Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus ph +0, L. planta- L. plantarum rum +0, / - hexose monophos- - phate pathway ED entner-doudoroff pathph 0*. way. HMP HMP

6 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 231 +* ml / 0 + ATP + ph +0,, Lactobacillus 0 0 Lactobacillus / +/ Lactobacillus / - -, Enterococcus / / Enterococcus - EMP embden-meyerhof-parnas pathway ATP adenosine triphosphate : CoA ATP + +, 0/. ph.*. 3*. Enterococcus faecalis -- Leuconostoc + Leuconostoc ph,. Leuconostoc +/ L Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. ao L + Leuconostoc go Lactoba- cillus, 3 02

7 232.+.,, +, -. Pediococcus Pediococcus Leuconostoc mesenteroides ph.-. Bacillus Micrococcus ph.-. Trichosporon pullulans + +* -, Leuconostoc mesenteroides 2* 2/,* Pediococcus Lys-Ala-Asp Leuconostoc mesenteroides Pediococcus cerevisiae + L, D D Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc D, ph ph, Leuconostoc mesen- Tetragenococcus halophilus teroides Tetragenococcus Leuconostoc Tetragenococcus halophilus,

8 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 233 / Pediococccus Pediococcus damnosus Pediococcus P. cerevisiae / P. cerevisiae, P. cerevisiae P. cerevisiae. P. cerevisiae P. dextrinicus P. halophilus Tetragenococcus halophilus P. acidilactici P. halophilus Tetragenococcus halophil P. acidilactici P. cerevisiae P. halophilus Tetragenococcus halophilus P. halophilus Tetragenococcus halophilus P. damnosus ph P. cerevisiae ph P. cerevisiae P. cerevisiae P. cerevisiae Rhodotorula *,/. P. acidilactici ph./. Saccharomyces rosei *,/. ph./. Bret- P. acidilactici P. acidilactici P. acidilactici tanomyces intermedius *+. Candida albicans RH RH NADH-Dehydrogenase 3* Tetragenococcus halophilus Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus acidilactici Pediococcus damnosus ph bo+o- bo+o, 3*

9 234.+.,, 0 1 Crytococcus, Rhodotorula, Aureobasidium, Candida cacaoi Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Sporobolomyces Pichia anomala Crytococcus, Rhodotorula, Aureobasidium, Pichia anomala Sporobolomyces, Candida Pichia anomala Saccharomycodes, Nadosonia, Endomycopsis, Pichia anomala Tricosporon, Pichia, Hansenula, Candida Pichia anomala Candida, Trichosporon, Cryptococcus, Torulopsis Pichia anomala Pichia anomala Hanseniaspora, kloechera, Pichia, Candida, Pichia anomala Torulopsis, Saccharomyces, Saccharomycopsis Pichia anomala Hansenula, Debaryomyces, Lipomyces, Pichia anomala Schwanninomyces, Candida, Cryptococuss Torulopsis sp. Rhodotorula, Candida, Cryptococcus, Torulopsis sp. Debaryomyces, Rhodosporidium, Torulopsis sp. Leucosporidium Kluyvenomyces Saccharomyces sp. Cryptococcus, Trulopsis, Candida, Saccharomyces sp. Sporobolomyces Saccharomyces sp Pichia anomala, - Candida cacaoi Torulopsis KNyPE KOPPE , Candida cacaoi +, Pichia anomala, Candida cacaoi Candida cacaoi Pichia + anomala Candida cacaoi,, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces kluyveri

10 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* Candida cacaoi +/ +. +/ +1 KNyPE,*,/ -* 3 -*, *./ -* -/ 0.* 2*.,*. -*. Kluyveromyces marxianus bo., ph,/ -*,/ Kluyveromyces marxianus, Saccharomyces rosei, Sacharomyces bisporus var. mellis Kuyveromyces marxianus, ph, Kluyveromyces marxianus,,. Kluyveromyces marxianus +,,. 2 +* g, -* g, Pichia anomala, Kluyveromyces marxianus -* 0,./ ph 0. -/ Saccharomyces cerevisiae

11 236.+.,, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Pichia anomala +**, -, 1 +/ Saccharomycopsis capusularia,* / / 1 Saccharomyces capsularia, Pichia anomala Saccharomyces cerevisia, Pichia carsonii, +0 Saccharomyces capsularia, Pichia anomala Saccha- romyces capsularia - Candida.- Saccharo-. myces cerevisia, Pichia carsonii, Candida famata, Debaryomyces hansenii Candida.. +, -,+,* Candida famata Debariomyces hansenii

12 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 237 CoA / 3 Enterococcus feacalis Lactobacillus sp.,,+ 2 Lactobacillus fructivorans ao ao,-, ao Lactobacillus fructivorans. +, Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Micrococcus, 0 0 2

13 238.+.,, 3 Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc mesenteroides Leuconostoc mesenteroides Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Enterococcus feacalis Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus sp. Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus fructivorans Lactobacillus sp. Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lactobacillus sp. -

14 J. Japan Association on Odor Environment Vol..+ No..,*+* 239 +, +, 0 1 : -* : -- +,. +-/ +33, 3 ; / **/. +* : *+2. ppm,3.31 /*/,**+ ++ : Lactobacillus, Micrococcus,,1 2,+ 2-, , : +, +, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, :, ,*** - +. :, / : :,2 0-1*,*** +0 : -+ +*/ +,* +33* +1 : + :,. 2/ , 2,* +33* +2 :, :, /2 +3,/ +3-* +33, - : +3,- 3,-,**- :. :., 1-2* +33, ,* / : , , 0 :,+ :, ,,**1 Contamination of Food Factory by Lactic acid bacteria or Yeast and O# ensive Smell Spoilage of Food Shigezo NAITO Aichi Gakusen College Department of Nutrition and Food Science Ph. D Professor,,2 Kamikawanari, Hegoshi-cho Okazaki, Aichi,... 2/,*, Japan Abstract Lactic acid bacteria and yeast were major cause of food spoilage and resistant of antimicrobial agent in Japan. Typical food spoilage caused by lactic acid bacteria and yeast were as follows : swelling, o# ensive smell (ethanol, thinner, banana, petroleum, acid, burnt or caramel), ropiness, surface slime. These microorganisms were contaminated from food manufacturing factory. Characteristic of food spoilage by lactic acid bacteria were as follows : food spoilage were caused from ph 3*. to ph.*.. Characteristic of food spoilage by yeast were as follows : food spoilage were caused by anerobic culture condition. Key words : Thinner smell, Ethanol smell, Acid smell, Petroleum smell, Lactic acid bacteria, Yeast

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