Sprechen Sie Attisch? Moderne Konversation in altgriechischer Umgansprache nach den besten attischen Autoren. By E. Joannides (Eduard Johnson). 2nd Edition, Dresden und Leipzig, 1902. Publisher: C.A. KochsVerlagsbuchhandlung (H. Ehlers) (English Title: Do You Speack Attic? Modern Conversations in ancient colloquial Greek according to the best Attic authors) A Note to users: This book is currently being translated into English thanks to the graces and skill of Dr. Carl W. Conrad, Professor Emeritus, Department of Classics, Washington University of Saint Louis, Missouri. Louis Sorenson is the general editor. Your corrections are wanted and appreciated. If you find an error or want to translate or vet a section, contact Louis Sorenson [louis @ letsreadgreek.com. ] You may ask for several page numbers to translate so that we do not reduplicate work. Many thanks to Dr. Carl W. Conrad who has done almost all of the translation. Thanks! Carl W. Conrad, 20 Jan, 2011: I think it's more important that the English and Greek express the same idea, even where the English idiom doesn't work the same way as the German. The Hopperizer: Link this text to the Perseus LSJ Lexicon and Parser Johnson, Sprechen Sie Attisch, 1902 Johnson, Sprechen Sie Attisch, 1889 A pdf of the 1902 German edition is available on the Internet Archive or Google Books [p. 20] Internet Archive Google Books Last update: 10/29/2011 20:51 Progress: Edits CONVERSATIONS A. Of General Content If Greek phrase is Attic in spelling or meaning, an @ sign is listed after the Greek. 1. Hello Well, Hello there! ὦ χαῖρε! Good morning, Charles! χαῖρ ὦ Κάρολε! Good morning, Gustav! (in response) καὶ σύγε, ὦ Γούσταβε! I m delighted to see you! ὦ χαῖρε, φίλτατε! Well, I welcome you heartily! ἀσπάζομαι! I welcome you warmly, Mr. Miller! Μύλλερον ἀσπάζομαι! The pleasure s all mine! κἄγωγέ σε! Hello, hello! I m so glad you ve come, χαῖρε, χαῖρε, ὤς ἀσμένῳ μοι ἦλθες, ὦ φίλτατε! my dearest! Well, Hello! What have you got there? ὧ χαῖρε, τί φέρεις; Well, Hello, Pericles. What can I do for you? Any news? Bad news? Good evening, gentlemen! Good evening, ladies! Good evening, girls! ὦ χαῖρε, Περίκλεις, τί ἔστιν; λέγεται τί καινόν; νεώτερον; χαίρετε, ὦ φίλοι! χαίρετε, ὦ δέσποιναι! χαίρετε, ὦ κόραι! Page 1 of 31
Paul sends you greetings. My dear sir! Παῦλος ἐπέστειλε φράσαι χαίρειν σοι. ὦ φίλ ἄνερ! 2. How goes it? How are you doing? τί πράττεις; πράσσεις What are you up to? τί πράττεις; πράσσεις I m doing very well, thanks. πάντ ἀγαθὰ πράττω, ὦ φίλε. πράσσω I m doing better now than yesterday. ἄμεινον πράττω ἢ χθές. πράσσω...ἐχθές How is your father? τί πράττει ὁ πατήρ σου; πράσσει He s doing quite well. εὐδαιμόνως πράττει. πράσσει How are things with you otherwise? τί δ ἄλλο παρ ὑμῖν. How are you feeling? πῶς ἔχεις; Poorly. ἔχω κακῶς. I have no happiness left in life. οὐδεμίαν ἔχω τῷ βίῳ χάριν. I m not doing well (financially) κακῶς πράττω. πράσσω I m not in good shape. φαῦλόν ἐστι τὸ ἐμὸν πρᾶγμα. How are things in Leipzig? τίς ἐσθ ὁ ἐν Λειψία βίος; How are things in London? τίς ἐσθ ὁ ἐν Λονδινίῳ βίος; Very nice. οὐκ ἄχαρις. 3. What s wrong with you? What s wrong with you? τί πάσχεις; What s your trouble? I m doing splendidly. Are you sick? What happened to you? What happened to you? Why are you moaning? Why are you in such a bad mood? Don t be so gloomy, lad! I find it boring here. You seem to me to be freezing. I am dizzy. I have a headache. τί πάσχεις; πάσχω θαυμαστόν. τί κάμνεις; τί ἔπαθες; τί πέπονθας; τί στένεις; τί δυσφορεῖς; μὴ σκυθρώπαζε, ὦ τέκνον! ἄχθομαι ἐνθάδε παρών. ῥιγῶν μοι δοκεῖς. ἰλιγγιῶ. ἀλγῶ τὴν κεφαλήν. Surely you don t have a hangover. οὐκ ἔσθ ὅπως οὐ κραιπαλᾶς. 1889 version has the iota subscript: What is your illness? τίνα νόσον νοσεῖς; κραιπαλᾷς You must be seasick. You re getting the sniffles. God help me! My eyes hurt. ναυτιᾷς δήπου. κόρυζά σε λαμβάνει. Ζεῦ σῶσον! ὀφθαλμιῶ. Are you tired? ἆρα κέκμηκας; >κάμνω My legs hurt from the long trek. ἀλγῶ τὰ σκέλη μακρὰν ὁδὸν διεληλυθώς. 1: Thun is an archaic You re a better walker than I. κρείττων εἶ μου σὺ βαδίζειν. κρείσσων spelling of tun. She s fainting. ὡρακιᾷ. >ὠρακιάω 4. Farewell Farewell! ὑγίαινε! I m off then, goodbye! ἀλλ εἶμι, σὺ δ ὑγίαινε! Page 2 of 31
And to you (reply). Be happy! Give me a hand! God grant you every blessing! καὶ σύγε! χαῖρε πολλά! ἔμβαλέ μοι τὴν δεξιάν! τοὺς θεοὺς εὔχομαί σοι διδόναι πολλὰ κἀγαθά. God grant you health, happiness and success! Now fare you well and remember me kindly! Until we meet again! Be happy! τοὺς θεοὺς εὔχομαί σοι διδόναι ὑγίειαν καὶ σωτηρίαν καὶ ἀγαθὰ πολλά. ἀλλὰ χαῖρε πολλὰ καὶ μέμνησό μου! εἰς αὖθις! ἴθι χαίρων! Good night! ὑγίαινε! (Auch am Morgen beim Abschied.) (used as morning Farewell! εὐψύχει! farewell also) May the earth lie light upon you. κούφα σοι χθὼν ἐπάνωθε πέσοι. cf. Euripides, Alcestis, 463-464; 5. I beg of you Forgive me. συγγνώμην ἔχε! Pardon me. It s mine. Give it to me, please! Please give it to me. I m pleading with you! For God s sake, I beg you! Please do stay! Be so kind/do me the favor Well then, do us a favor. Do me a little favor! συγγνωθί μοι! ἐστὶ τὸ ἐμόν. ἀλλὰ δός μοι, ἀντιβολῶ! δός μοι πρὸς τῶν θεῶν! πρὸς τοῦ ιός, ἀντιβολῶ σε! πρὸς πάντων θεῶν! ἀλλὰ μένε καὶ μὴ ἄλλως ποίει! χάρισαί μοι! ἀλλὰ χάρισαι ἡμῖν! χάρισαι βραχύ τί μοι! What can I do for you? τί σοι χαρίσωμαι; aorist deliberative Kindly give it to me! βούλει μοι δοῦναι; subjunctive I ll do you this favor! I'll help you with χαριοῦμαί σοι τοῦτο. future indicative that. Just so! / As you say! ταῦτα! Aristophanes, With pleasure! φθόνος οὐδείς! Wasps, 142 Please tell the others! οὐ δῆτα γενναίως τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐρεῖς; a colloquial 'polite' imerative using the Do tell him, please! εἰπὲ δῆτ' αὐτῷ πρὸς τῶν θεῶν! May I fill your glass? βούλει ἐγχέω σοι πιεῖν; 6. Thanks! I appreciate it! ἐπαινῶ! Thank you! Thanks for caring! Many thanks for that! You re very kind. I d appreciate your doing this for me. ἐπαινῶ τὸ σόν! ἐπαινῶ τὴν σὴν πρόνοιαν. εὖ γ ἐποίησας! γενναῖος εἶ. χάριν γε εἴσομαι, ἐὰν τοῦτο ποιῇς. I m much obliged to you. Blessings upon you! Thank you kindly! (also to decline courteously) Thank you so very much (of similar meaning). Bravo! Bravo! κεχάρισαί μοι. πόλλ ἀγαθὰ γένοιτό σοι! καλῶς! κάλλιστα ἐπαινῶ. εὖγε! εὖγε! Page 3 of 31
How grand! Hurrah! (expressing joy) It doesn t matter/it s all the same. I m not at all concerned. What's that to me? What s it to you? It s probably of no concern to you. Give it some thought. It s customary. ὡς ἡδύ! ἀλαλαί! οὐδὲν διαφέρει. ὀλίγον μέλει μοι. τί δ' ἐμοὶ ταῦτα; τί σοὶ τοῦτο; σοὶ δ ἴσως οὐδὲν μέλει. αὐτὸς σκόπει σύ! νόμος γάρ ἐστιν. 7. Can you speak Greek? Do you want to speak (converse in) πότερον θέλεις ῥωμαϊστὶ λαλεῖν ἢ ἑλληνιστί ; Latin or Greek? Can you speak Greek? ἐπίστασαι ἑλληνίζειν; A little. Of course! Yes indeed. Certainly! That's my forte. Splendid! So lets talk a little Greek with each other! So far as I m concerned. / There is no Objection Let s begin! What do you think? ὀλίγον τι. εἰκότως γε! μάλιστα! ἔγωγε νὴ ία! ταύτῃ κράτιστός εἰμι. καλῶς! διαλεχθῶμεν οὖν ἑλληνικῶς! οὐδὲν κωλύει. ἀρξώμεθα! τί λέγεις; Did you take my meaning? ξυνίης τὰ λεγόμενα; συνίης Do you understand what I'm saying? ξυνῆκας, ὃ λέγω; συνῆκας No, I don t understand. οὐ ξυνίημι μὰ ία. συνίημι Would you please say it once again? αὖθις ἐξ ἀρχῆς λέγε, ἀντιβολῶ. Please speak a bit more slowly! βούλει σχολαίτερον λέγειν; 8. Questions What s new? τί δ ἔστιν; What do you mean? τί λέγεις; So? τί δή; What is it? τί δαί; How then? πῶς δή; How then? Why then? For what reason? In what way? How so then? Where, please? Where to? Where from? When? He s punishing him. Punishing for what? What s he doing? Why then? What s it about? πῶς δαί; ὁτιὴ τί δή; τιὴ τί δή; τίνος ἕνεκα; τίνι τρόπῳ; πῶς δή; ποῦ δῆτα; ποῖ; πόθεν; πηνίκα; κολάζει αὐτόν. τί δράσαντα; τί δρῶν. ἵνα δὴ τί; τί τὸ πρᾶγμα; Page 4 of 31
Don t you think so too? οὐ καὶ σοὶ δοκεῖ; Could that be? Is that what you mean? πῶς φής; (? πῶς φῄ;?) What about me? Let me see! Well then, are you making progress? τί ἐγὼ δέ; φέρ ἴδω! τί δέ, ἐπιδώσεις λαμβάνεις; 9. What s your name? What s your name? ὄνομά σοι τί ἐστιν; What s your whole name? τίνα σοι ὀνόματα; In fact, what is your name? τί σοί ποτ ἔστ ὄνομα; Who are you? σὺ δὲ τίς εἶ; Who are you? τίς δ εἶ σύ; Just who are you? σὺ δ εἶ τίς ἐτεόν; My name is Miller. ὄνομά μοι Μύλλερος. Who is this (man/gentleman)? τίς ποθ' ὅδε; Just who is this? τίς ἄρα ποτ ἐστίν; Where are you from? καὶ ποδαπός; Where do you live? ποῦ κατοικεῖς; I live very close by. ἐγγύτατα οἰκῶ. I live far away. τηλοῦ οἰκῶ. Don t address me by name. μὴ κάλει μου τοὔνομα! Won t you please call me? οὐ μὴ καλεῖς με; ἱκετεύω! 10. What time is it? What time is it? τίς ὥρα ἐστίν; How late in the day is it? πηνίκ ἐστὶ τῆς ἡμρας; It s one o clock. ἐστὶ μία ὥρα. It s two (three, four) o clock. εἰσὶ δύο (τρεῖς, τέτταρες) ὧραι. τέσσαρες It s 1:30. ἐστὶ μία ὧρα καὶ ἡμίσεια. At what time? πηνίκα; At one o clock. τῇ πρώτῃ ὥρᾳ. At two. τῇ δευτέρᾳ (ὥρᾳ). Its even later. περαιτέρω ἐστίν. It s 7:15. εἰσὶν ἑπτὰ ὧραι καὶ τέταρτον. It s 1:45. εἰσὶ δώδεκα (ὧραι) καὶ τρία τέταρτα. About 3:00. περὶ τὴν τρίτην ὥραν. About 4:30. περὶ τὴν τετάρτην καὶ ἡμίσειαν. I ll come at 10:45. ἥξω εἰς τὴν δεκάτην καὶ τρία τέταρτα. 11. Time of day from early morning on ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ. From early on. ἐξ ἕω. At the crack of dawn. ἕωθεν εὐθύς. It s light. φῶς ἐστιν. This morning. ἕωθεν. early in the morning (tomorrow). αὔριον ἕωθεν. At noon. ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ. before noon. πρὸ μεσημβρίας. In the afternoon. μετὰ μεσημβρίαν. It s getting dark. σκότος γίγνεται. γίνεται In the dark. ἐν (τῷ) σκότῳ. Page 5 of 31
this evening (ahead) εἰς ἑσπέραν. in the evening. τῆς ἑσπέρας. Yesterday evening. ἑσπέρας. late in the evening. νύκτωρ ὀψέ. throughout the day δι ἡμέρας. the whole night through. ὅλην τὴν νύκτα. today τῇδε τῇ ἡμέρᾳ -- τήμερον. σήμερον original Attic: Yesterday. Tomorrow. The day after tomorrow. The day before yesterday. χθές, ἐχθές. αὔριον. ἕνης, εἰς ἕνην. τρίτην ἡμέραν (also νεωστί.) 12. The Present. Festivals At present. ἐν τῷ νῦν χρόνῳ. Just as before. ὥσπερ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ. Until when? ἐς τίνα ἡμέραν; εἰς Right away. ἐς αὐτίκα μάλα. εἰς A little while ago. τὸ ἔναγχος. Long enough. ἱκανὸν χρόνον. Two weeks from now. μεθ ἡμέρας πεντεκαίδεκα ἀπὸ τῆς τήμερον. σήμερον This year. τῆτες. Last year. Next year. Every five years. Monthly. Spring. πέρυσιν. εἰς νέωτα. δι ἔτους πέμπτου. κατὰ μῆνα. τὸ ἔαρ. Summer. τὸ θέρος. Fall. Winter. In winter. Τhe festival. Christmas. New Year. Carnival. Good Friday. Easter. Pentecost. Birthday. I know that today (tomorrow) is your birthday. Anniversary. τὸ φθινόπωρον. ὁ χειμών. χειμῶνος ὄντος. ἡ ἑορτή. τὰ Χριστούγεννα.* ἡ πρώτη τοῦ ἔτους. αἱ ἀποχρεω.* ἡ μεγάλη παρασκευή.* τὸ πάσχα.* ἡ πεντηκοστή. τὰ γενέθλια. οἶδα τὴν τήμερον (αὔριον) ἡμέραν οὖσαν γενέθλιόν σου. ἡ ἐπέτιος ἑορτή. σήμερον The months: January. February. March. April. May. June. July. August. September. October. οἱ μῆνες Ἰανουάριος. Φεβρουάριος. Μάρτιος. Ἀπρίλιος. Μάïος. Ἰούνιος. Ἰούλιος. Αὔγουστος. Σεπτέμβριος. Ὀκτώβριος. Page 6 of 31
November. December. Νοέμβριος. εκέμβριος. 13. The Weather What s the weather today? ποῖος ὁ ἀὴρ τὸ νῦν; What s the sky looking like? It s fair weather. The weather is fine! The sun is shining. It is warm. τί γὰρ ὁ Ζεὺς ποιεῖ; εὐδία ἐστίν. εὐδία ἐστὶν ἡδίστη. ἐξέχει εἵλη. ἔχομεν ἥλιον. φαὶνεται ὁ ἥλιος. ἥλιος λάμπει. θάλπος ἐστίν. It s windy. ἄνεμος γίγνεται. γίνεται The wind is blowing hard. ἄνεμος πνεῖ μέγας. We have a north-, south-, east-, west ἄνεμος γίγνεται βόρειος, νότος, ἀνατολικός, δυτικός. γίνεται later form for wind. δυσμικός, It s clouding up. ξυννεφεῖ. συννεφεῖ. It s drizzling. It s raining. ψακάζει. ὕει. It s pouring. ὄμβρος πολύς γίγνεται. γίνεται It s thundering. βροντᾷ. It s a thunderstorm. βρονταὶ γίγνονται καὶ κεραυνοί. γίνεται There s heaving lightning. Lightning has struck. It's cold. (It's very cold) Hey, it s snowing! ἀστράπτει πολὺ νὴ ία. ἔπεσε σκηπτός. ἔπεσε κεραυνό. ψῦχός ἐστιν. (ψ. ἐστι μέγιστον.) νίφει βαβαιάξ! The snow s coming down strong. χιὼν γίγνεται πολλή. γίνεται It s freezing. κρύος γίγνεται. γίνεται Why are you closing your umbrella? Open it up again! Fetch the umbrella! Hold the umbrella over me! Watch out for this mud! τί πάλιν συνάγεις τὸ σκιάδειον; ἐκπέτασον αὐτό! φέρε τὸ σκιάδειον! ὑπέρεχέ μου τὸ σκιάδειον. τὸν πηλὸν τουτονὶ φύλαξαι! 14. Departure. Do you have enough money for the trip? ἆρ ἔχεις ἐφόδιον ἱκανὸν; When are you leaving for Berlin? πότε ἄπει εἰς Βερόλινον;* London? Λόνδινον; Vienna? Βιέννην; * Γαστάïν; * Paris? Παρισίους; Petroupoli? Πετρούπολιν; * Switzerland? εἰς Ἑλβητίαν; Κίσσιγγεν; * Dresden? ρέσδην; * Brussels? Βρυξέλας; * Munich? Μόναχον; * Οn November 12. τῇ δωδεκάτῃ Νοεμβρίου. Have you been to Leipzig yet? εἰς Λεψίαν οὔπω ἐλήλυθας; I had an urge to go to the country on my ἐν τῷ ἀναπαύλης χρόνῳ ἐπιθυμῶ ἐλθεῖν εἰς ἀγρόν. vacation. How will you be traveling? τίς σοι γενήσεται πόρος τῆς ὁδοῦ; At four o clock on the railroad. τῇ τετάρτῃ ὥρᾳ χρώμενος τῇ ἁμαξοστοιχίᾳ.* Page 7 of 31
Then it s time to get a move on. It s time to go to the railroad station. ὥρα βαδίζειν ἄρ ἐστίν. ὥρα ἐστὶν εἰς τὸν (σιδηροδρομικόν*) σταθμὸν βαδίζειν. We should have left already. ὥρα ἦν πάλαι. Well, enjoy your trip! ἀλλ ἴθι χαίρων! Goodbye. χαῖρε καὶ σύ! He s gone. οἴχεται. My brother s been away for five months. ὁ ἐμὸς ἀδελφὸς πέντε μῆνας ἄπεστιν. He is traveling. ἀποδημῶν ἐστιν. 15. Going. Away. Come along! ἕπου! Come with me! ἕπου μετ ἐμοῦ! The station is not far off. ἔστ οὐ μακρὰν ἄποθεν ὁ σταθμός. Let s be off then. ἄγε νυν ἴωμεν. Let s get going. ἀπίωμεν. Let s get moving. χωρῶμεν. Onwards! χώρει! Let us go ahead of you. I ll take a cab. No, I ll take the bus. I d rather walk. You re riding. Tell me, what s the fastest way to the station? We can t find the way. I have no idea where we are now. You've missed the road. Oh God! Go straight ahead and you ll reach the mall right away. And then what? Then you have to turn right (left). Straight ahead! About how far is the road? Very good. Well, let s hurry. Get a move on! We barely made it after the second warning. προίωμεν ὑμῶν. ἁμάξῃ χρήσομαι. ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν χρήσομαι τῷ λεωφορειῳ.* βαδίζω ἔγωγε. ὀχεῖ. φράζε, ὅπῃ τάχιστα ἀφιξόμεθα εἰς τὸν σταθμόν; οὐ δυνάμεθα ἐξευρεῖν τὴν ὁδόν. οὐκέτι οἶδα, ποῦ γῆς ἐσμεν. τῆς ὁδοῦ ἡμάρτηκας. ὦ φίλοι θεοί! ἴθι τὴν ὁδὸν ταυτηνί καὶ εὐθύς ἐπὶ τὴν ἀγορὰν ἥξεις. εἶτα τί; εἶτα βαδιστέα σοι ἐπὶ δεξιά (ἐπ ἀριτερά). ὀρθήν! πόση τις ἡ ὁδός; καλῶς. ἀλλὰ σπεύδωμεν. χώρει! ὕστερον ἤλθομεν τοῦ δευτέρου σημείου. 16. Wait! Hey, stop! ἐπίσχες, οὗτος! Just stay put! ἔχε νυν ἥσυχος! Stop! Stand still! μέν ἥσυχος! στῆθι! Karl wants you to wait. κελεύει σε Κάρολος περιμεῖναι. cf. Plato, Republic, 1.327b; Paul Shorey, Don t move! ἔχ ἀτρέμας αὐτοῦ! Just wait! οὐ μενεῖς; Wait up a bit for me. ἐπανάμεινον μ ὀλίγον χρόνον. I ll be right back. ἀλλ ἥξω ταχέως. Page 8 of 31
Where should I wait for you? Come right back! He s coming from behind! Well, let s wait. I m back! Are you back? Did I take too long? Where were you off to all this time? ποῦ ἀναμενῶ; ἧκέ νυν ταχύ! οὗτος ὄπισθεν προσέρχεται. ἀλλὰ περιμενοῦμεν. ἰδού, πάρειμι. ἥκεις; μῶν ἐπισχεῖν σοι δοκῶ; ποῦ ποτ ἦσθα ἀπ ἐμοῦ (ἀφ' ἡμῶν) τὸν πολὺν τοῦτον χρόνον; 17. Come here! Here! δεῦρ ἐλθέ! Come right here! ἐλθὲ δεῦρο Over here! χώρει δεὖρο! Come right here to me! βάδιζε δεῦρο, ὡς ἐμέ! Your coming is a godsend. ἥκεις ὥσπερ κατὰ θεῖον. Where did you come from? πόθεν ἥκεις; But where did you come from? ἀτὰρ πόθεν ἥκεις ἐτεόν; I ve come from Miller s ἐκ Μυλλέρου ἔρχομαι. Go in with me! εἴσιθι ἅμ ἐμοί. Please do remain with us. δέομαί σου παραμεῖναι ἡμῖν. It can t be. ἀλλ οὐχ οἷόν τε! Where are you going? ποῖ βαδίζεις; But do stay! οὐ παραμενεῖς; We won t let you leave. οὐ σ ἀφήσομεν. I have to go to the barber shop. βούλομαι εἰς τὸ κουρεῖον. We will not let you go. οὐκ ἀφήσομεν σε μὰ ία οὐδέποτε. Let go of me! μεθεσθέ μου! Come here to me right away! ἴτε δεῦρ ὡς ἐμὲ ταχέως. I ll come this evening. εἰς ἑσπέραν ἥξω. He s out. φροῦδός ἐστιν. So where did he go? ποῖ γὰρ οἴχεται; He s gone to the barber shop. εἰς τὸ κουρεῖον οἴχεται. He s going home. οἴκαδ ἔρχεται. Let s go back home. ἀπίωμεν οἴκαδ αὖθις. He wants to meet them. ἀπαντῆσαι αὐτοῖς βούλεται. He met her. Where shall we meet? Here. συνήτησεν αὐτῇ. ποῖ ἀπαντησόμεθα; ἐνθάδε. 18. At the Bar and Grill Hey, waiter! παῖ! παῖ! Could we have a waiter over here? οὐ περιδραμεῖταί τις δεῦρο τῶν παίδων; Hey, waiter, where are you running off οὗτος σὺ, παῖ, ποῖ θεῖς; -- Ἐπ' ἐκπώματα. to? -- For drinks! Come here! ἐλθὲ δεῦρο! Fetch me a beer and sausages right ἔνεγκέ μοι ταχέως ζῦθον καὶ ἄλλαντας. away. Very well, sir! ταῦτα, ὦ δέσποτα. There, that s everything. ἰδού, ἅπαντ ἐγὼ φέρω. Page 9 of 31
The beer is good! ὡς ἡδὺς ὁ ζῦθος! I don t like it. οὐκ ἀρέσκει με. The beer has a whang of tar in it. ὄζει πίττης ὁ ζῦθος ὀξύτατον. Beer over here, waiter -- your best! φέρε σὺ ζῦθον ὁ παῖς -- πάσῃ τέχνῃ! Hurry it up! οὐ θᾶττον ἐγκονήσεις; You re not taking good care of us. κακῶς ἐπιμελεῖ ἡμῶν! Waiter, pour me another! παῖ, ἕτερον ἔγχεον! Pour one for me too! ἔγχει κἄμοί! Let s go on drinking till dark. εἰς ἑσπέραν μεθυσθῶμεν διὰ χρόνον. It s bad to drink. κακὸν τὸ πίνειν! You get a hangover from too much beer. κραιπάλη γίγνεται ἀπὸ περίσσου ζύθου. I m going for a beer. ἐπὶ ζῦθον εἶμι. I ll call you if I need to. καλῶ σε, εἴ τι δέοι. ἐάν τι δέῃ I m going to get myself another. ἕτερον ἰὼν κομιοῦμαι. γίνεται There you are! Good. I ll give you a tip. I can t afford to stick around here. The smoke is hurting my eyes. If you re not going to drink, then leave. ἰδού, τουτὶ λαβέ καλῶς. εὐεργετήσω σε. οὐχ οἷός τ εἰμὶ ἐνθάδε μένειν. ὁ καπνὸς δάκνει τὰ βλέφαρά μου. ἤ πίθι ἤ ἄπιθι! Come along with me. ἕπου μετ ἐμοῦ. The smoke is driving me away. ὄ κάπνος μ ἐκπέμπει. Waiter, figure up our bill, please. παῖ, λόγισαι ταῦτα. Well, you had six beers, sausages, bread - εἴχετε ζύθου ἕξ (ποτήρια) καὶ ἄλλαντας καὶ ἄρτον. γίνονται οὖν - that s six dollars. ἡμἶν ἕξ δολλάρια*. Here you are. ἰδού, λαβέ. I can hardly keep my balance as I go. σφαλλόμενος ἔρχομαι. 19. I m Hungry. I m getting hungry. λιμός με λαμβάνει. I don t have anything to eat. οὐκ ἔχω καταφαγεῖν. He s starved! βουλιμιᾷ. I m starving to death. ἀπόλωλα ὑπὸ λιμοῦ. Can I give you something to eat/drink? φέρε τί σοι δῶ φαγεῖν; (πιεῖν;) Give me something to eat! I want to have dinner. You haven t had dinner yet? No. I have to go to dinner. Then go right ahead to dinner. He s coming to dinner. Dinner is served. The cup. The plate. The bowl. The knife. The fork. The napkin. δός μοι φαγεῖν! βαδιοῦμαι ἐπὶ δεῖπνον. οὔπω δεδείπνηκας; μὰ ι ἐγὼ μὲν οὔ. δεῖ με χωρεῖν ἐπὶ δεῖπνον. ἀλλ ἐπὶ δεῖπνον ταχὺ βάδιζε! ἐπὶ δεῖπνον ἔρχεται. τὸ δεῖπνον ἐστ ἐπεσκευασμένον. τὸ κύπελλον. τὸ λεκάνιον. τὸ τρυβλίον. τὸ μαχαίριον. τὸ πειρούνιον.* τὸ χειρόμακτρον. 20. Mealtime Page 10 of 31
I m inviting you to breakfast. He invited me to breakfast. We ll enjoy our meal. I counted on your coming. He s having breakfast/breakfasting. There s roasted meat. Potatoes and vegetables. Veal roast. Beef roast. Roast pork. There s roast lamb with potatoes. Roast kid Ham. Rabbit. Fowl. Eel. I don t like eel. I d rather eat fowl. That s what I like to eat best. I had that to eat yesterday. Bring me some thrushes! Just have a taste of that! No, that doesn t suit me very well. ἐπ ἄριστον καλῶ σε. ἐπ ἄριστον μ ἐκάλεσεν. εὐωχησόμεθα ἡμεῖς γε. ἐλογιζόμην ἐγώ σε παρέσεσθαι. ἀριστιᾷ. πάρεστι κρέα ὠπτημένα. γεώμηλα καὶ λαχανικόν. (κρέα) μόσχεια. (κρέα) βόεια (κρέα) χοίρεια πάρεστι (κρέα) ἄρνεια μετὰ γεωμήλων. (κρέα) ἐρίφεια. (κρέα κωλῆ) (κρέα) λαγῷα. (κρέα) ὀρνίθεια. (κρέα) ἐγχέλεια. οὐ χαίρω ἐγχέλσιν, ἀλλ ἥδιον ἃν φάγοιμι ὀρνίθεια. ταῦτα γὰρ ἥδιστ ἐσθίω. τοῦτο χθὲς ἔφαγον. φέρε δεῦρα κίχλας ἐμοί! γεῦσαι λαβὼν. μὰ τὸν ία, οὐ γὰρ οὐδαμῶς μοι σύμφορον. Have a bite of this! ἔντραγε τουτί! (2nd aor τρώγω) We don t force anything on people. οὐ προσαναγκάζομεν οὐδαμῶς. The meat tastes very good. τὰ κρέα ἥδιστά ἐστιν. That s yummy! ὡς ἡδύ! The sauce tastes very good ὡς ἡδὺ τὸ κατάχυσμα!. There s one thing I still want.. ἒν ἔτι ποθῶ. Just give me a little bit of bread. δός μοι δῆα ὀλίγον τι ἄρτου! and a bit of sausage and pea soup. καὶ χορδῆς τι καὶ ἔτνος πίσινον. the supper τὸ ἐπίδειπνον. What shall we have for dessert? τί ἐπιδειπνήσομεν; Just bring me some white bread with παράθες ἔτι ὀλίγον τι ἄρτου πυρίνου μετὰ τυροῦ ἑλβητικοῦ. Swiss cheese. Cakes are being baked. πόπανα πέττεται. πέσσεται Have a slice of quiche too. λαβὲ καὶ πλακοῦντος πίονος τόμον. Thanks anyway (polite no) κάλλιστα ἐπαινῶ. I ve had enough too. κἀμοί γ ἅλις. Fetch some wine! (white, red) φέρ οἶνον (λευκόν, ἐρυθρόν) The wine has a bouquet. ὀσμὴν ἔχει ὁ οἶνος ὁδί. I like to drink this wine here. ἡδέως πίνω τὸν οἶνον τονδί. There s wine left over. οἶνός ἐστι περιλελειμμένος. About how much? πόσον τι; More than half. ὑπὲρ ἥμισυ. What should I do with it? τί χρήσομαι τούτῳ; Take it along with you. ἴθι λαβὼν τοῦτο. B. AT SCHOOL 21. At school It s time to go. ἰέναι ὥρα σοί ἐστιν. It s time to go to school. ὥρα ἐστὶν εἰς τὸ γυμνάσιον βαδίζειν. I m still studying even now. ἔτι καὶ νῦν μελετῶ. I can do my recitation now. ἤδη κατέχω τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάγνωσιν. Page 11 of 31
I ve already learned the new lesson. Be off then to get to school. Don t tarry! -- Get a move on! You have no time to lose. Don t worry! Don t be scared! Have no fear! Good morning, mates! The schoolbench. Look sharp! This seat is mine. ἤδη ἔμαθον, ὅπερ εἴληφα. οὐκ ἃν φθάνοις εἰς τὸ γυμνάσιον ἰών; μή νυν διάτριβε! -- σπεῦδέ νυν! ὁ καῖρός ἐστι μηκέτι μέλλειν. μὴ φροντίσῃς. μηδὲν δείσῃς. μηδὲν φοβηθῇς. χαίρετε, συμμαθηταί! τὸ βάθρον. σύναγέ σε (σεαυτόν). ἐμὸς ὅδε ὁ τόπος ἐστίν. 22. Late to school! Let s pray. ἀλλ εὐχώμεθα! Am I just a little bit late? μῶν θστερος πάρειμι; μῶν contraction I got here late. ὕστερος ἦλθον! God help me! -- oh, what a dunce I am. Ἄπολλον ἀποτρόπαιε! -- οἴμοι κακοδαίμων. I m a dunce! Poor me! So where are you coming from? You re late again! How come you just got here? It s not even eight o clock yet. You got here after the bell rang. Don t get mad at me; my watch is off. κακοδαίμων ἐγώ! οἴμοι τάλας! πόθεν ἥκεις ἐτεόν. ὕστερον αὖθις ἦλθες! τοῦ ἕνεκα τηνικάδε ἀφίκου; οὐ γάρ πω ἐσήμηνε τὴν ὀγδόην ὕστερος σὺ ἦλθες τοῦ σημείου. μὴ ἀγανάκτει τὸ γὰρ ὡρολόγιον μου οὐκ ὀρθῶς χωρεῖ. Really? Let me see it! ἄληθες; ἀλλὰ δεῖξον! (not: ἀληθές ) Sit down. κάθιζε! (e.g. Aristophanes, Thesm. 221, Ranae 197, Nubes 254). 23. Written work Let s see what you ve written. φέρ ἴδω, τί οὖν ἔγραψες. Here it is. ἰδού. What s your assignment? ἐστὶ δὲ περὶ τοῦ τά γεγραμμένα; Give me your notebook so I can read it. φέρε τὸ βιβλίον, ἵν ἀναγνῶ. Let me see what s in it. Do you have a pencil? Your R is wretched! What sort of letter is that supposed to be? You re careless! Do you do that by yourself? I wrote it but my father corrected it. Did you get all the details covered? I think I did. Here s something that s missing. I didn t sleep last night; I worked on my speech until dawn. I already know your character. Here you ve repeated yourself. φέρ ἴδω, τί ἔνεστιν. ἔχεις κυκλομόλυβδον; τὸ ῥῶ τουτὶ μοχθηρόν. τουτὶ τί ποτ ἐστι γράμμα; οὐκ ἐπιμελὴς εἶ. αὐτὸς σὺ ταῦτα ἔγραφες; συντέτακται μὲν ταῦτα ὑπ ἐμοῦ, διώρθωται δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός. ἦ πάντα ἐπλήλυθα κοὐδὲν παῆλθες; δοκεῖ γοῦν μοι. οὐκ ἔνεστι τοῦτο. οὐκ ἐκάθευδον τὴν νύκτα, ἀλλὰ διεπονούμην πρὸς φῶς περὶ τὸνλόγον. τοὺς τρόπους σου ἐπίσταμαι. ἐνταῦθα δὶς ταὐτὸν εἶπες! Page 12 of 31
Right at the outset you ve made a tremendous blunder. Your work has 20 mistakes. Τhere s a lot you don t know. εὐθὺς ἡμάρτηκας θαυμασίως ὡς. ἔχει τὸ σὸν εἴκοσιν ἁμαρτίας. πολλά σε λανθάνει. 24. Grammatical Proceed! ἴθι νυν. I want to test your competence in Greek. βούλομαι λαβεῖν σου πεῖραν, ὅπως ἔχεις περὶ τῶν Ελληνικῶν. What s the genitive of this word? The nominative, dative, accusative, vocative? Wrong! Exactly! What s the present infinitive of this verb? I l note these things down. I m writing that down. The subjunctive, optative, imperative. The infinitive, the participles. The imperfect, the perfect Pluperfect, aorist. Future (first, second). The active, passive. Your accentuation is wrong. The accent (acute, grave, circumflex). You need the article. ποία ἐστὶν ἡ γενικὴ τῆς λέξεως; ἡ ὀνομαστική, δοτική, αἰτιατική, κλητική; μὴ δὴτα! ὀρθῶς γε! ποῖός ἐστιν ὁ ἐνεστὼς (χρόνος) τῆς ὁριστικῆς τοῦ ῥήματος τούτου; μνημόσυνα ταῦτα γράψομαι. γράφομαι τοῦτο. ἡ ὑποτακτική, εὐκτική προστακτική. ὁ ἀπαρέμφατος, ἡ μετοχή. ὁ περιτατικός, ὁ παρακείμενος. ὁ ὑπερσυντελικός, ἀόρτιστος. ὁ μέλλων. (πρῶτος, δεύτερος.) τὸ ἐνεργητικόν, παθητικόν. οὐκ ὀρθῶς τονοῖς. ἡ κεραία (ἡ ὀξεῖα, βαρεῖα, περισπωμένη). δεῖ τοῦ ἄρθρου. 25. Interrogatory back and forth Pay attention. πρόσεχε τὸν νοῦν. Whatever I ask, give me the answer. ἀπόκριναι, ἅττ ἃν ἔρωμαι. ἄσσ' Give me a clear answer. ἀπόκριναι σαφῶς! Try saying something nuanced and clever! Please go on. ἀποκινδύνευε λεπτόν τι καὶ σοφὸν λέγειν. λέγοις ἃν ἄλλο. (see B. Ar. Besp. 963 auch Protag 310 B.) Go right on. λέγε, ὦ γαθέ! You don t seem to know what to say. Why have you stopped talking? Tell me what you mean. What s this nonsense you re spouting? You re not making any sense at all. That s an altogether different matter. That s not what I asked you. (abruptly) Just answer my question. You re talking in riddles. Are you serious about that or joking? Nonsense! Say no more. Be quiet. You idiot! ἀλλ οὐκ ἔχειν ἔοικας, ὅτι λέγῃς. τί σιωπᾷς; εἰπέ μοι, ὅτι λέγεις. τί ταῦτα ληρεῖς; ἄλλως φλυαρεῖς. οὐ ταὐτόν, ὦ τάν! οὐ τοὖτ ἐρωτῶ σε. καὶ μὴν ἐπερωτηθεὶς ἀπόκριναί μοι. δι αἰνιγμῶν λέγεις. σπουδάζεις ταῦτα ἣ παίζεις; οὐδὲν λέγεις! σίγα!/σιώπα! οὐ σιγήσει; ὦ μῶρε σύ! Page 13 of 31
26. A picture I want to show you a picture. εἰκόνα ὑμῖν ἐπιδείξω. Look down! βλέψατε κάτω! (Now) look up! βλέπετε ἄνω! Where are you looking? ποῖ βλέπεις; You re looking somewhere else. ἑτέρωσε βλέπεις. Just focus on this! δεῦρο σκέψαι! But I hear some noise behind us. καὶ μὴν αἰσθάνομαι ψόφου τινὸς ἐξόπισθεν. in front of us. ἐν τῷ πρόσθεν. Stop chattering! παῦσαι λαλῶν! Just don t chatter! οὐ μὴ λαλήσετε; 27. Greek poets Recite for me the best passage from ἐκ τῆς Ἀντιγόνης τὸ νῦν εἰπὲ τὴν καλλίστην ῥἧσιν ἀπολέγων. Antigone! The beginning of the Odyssey. τὸ πρῶτον τῆς Ὀδυσσείας. What does this passage mean? You re not really with it. How naive! Where s your understanding? You re out of your mind! Sophocles didn t write this passage the way you re understanding it. Give it a second look. Consider this expression! τί νοεῖ τοῦτο; κακοδαιμονᾷς. ὡς εὐηθικῶς! ποῦ τὸν νοῦν ἔχεις; παραφρονεῖς! τὴν ῥῆσιν ταύτην οὐχ οὕτω Σοφοκλῆς ὑπελάμβανεν, ὡς σὺ ὑπολαμβάνεις. ὅρα δὴ βέλτιον. σκόπει τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο! ἥκω means the same as κατέρχοµαι. ἥκω ταὐτόν ἐστι τῷ κατέρχομαι. What does that mean? τίς ὁ νοῦς; Now you re making sense. τουτὶ φρονίως ἤδη λέγεις. Now you ve got the whole thing. πάντ ἔχεις ἤδη. That s a good comparison. εὖ γε συνέβαλες. That s unquestionably the loveliest thing τοῦτο δήπου κάλλιστον πεποίηκε Σοφοκλῆς. that Sophocles ever wrote. Sophocles is superior to Euripides. Σοφοκλῆς πρότερός ἐστ Εὐριπίδου. But even so he (Euripides) is a good ὁ δ ἀγαθὸς ποιητής ἐστι καὶ αὐτός. poet. I don t admire Euripides. οὐκ ἐπαινῶ Εὐριπίδην μὰ ία. Can t you recall even one line of οὐκ ἀναμιμνὴσκει ἴαμβον Εὐρπίδου; Euripides? You can do that one quite well. τουτὶ μὲν ἐπιεικῶς σύγ ἐπίστασαι. You re well-versed in Euripides. Εὐριπίδην πεπτηκας ἀκριβῶς. Where did you learn that so well? πόθεν ταῦτ ἔμαθες οὕτω καλῶς; I copied out many passages from Εὐριπίδου ῥήσεις ἐξεγραψάμην πολλάς. Sophocles. Recite for me something of a more λέξον τι τῶν νεωτέρων. recent poet. They don t deserve it; you couldn t find an original poet any more among them οὐκ ἄξιοί εἰσι τούτου, γόνιμον γὰρ ποιητὴν οὐκ ἃν εὕροις ἐν αὐτοῖς. What do you think about Aeschylus? I consider Aeschylus the foremost of poets. Do you know this poem of Simonides? περὶ Αἰσχύλου δὲ τίνα ἔχεις γνώμην; Αἰσύλον νομίζω πρῶτον ἐν ποιηταῖς. ἐπίστασαι τοῦτο τὸ ᾆσμα Σιμωνίδου; Page 14 of 31
Yes. Yes indeed. Do you want me to recite it all? That s not necessary. What is this meter called? I don t know the poem. I m going to turn now to Act II of the tragedy. μάλιστα. ἔγωγε νὴ ία. βούλει πᾶν διεξέλθω; οὖδὲν δεῖ. ὄνομα δὲ τούτῳ τῷ μέτρῳ τί ἐστιν; τὸ ᾆσμα οὐκ ἐπίσταμαι. καὶ μὴν ἐπὶ τὸ δεύτερον τῆς τραγῳδίας μέρος τρέψομαι. 28. Translation Look up in your notebook the section on ζητήσατε τὸ περὶ Σωκράτους λαβόντες τὸ βιβλίν. ἐστὶ δὲ τὸ Socrates. It s no. 107. ἐκατοστὸν καὶ ἕβδομον. Now pay attention! ἀλλὰ προσέχετε τὸν νοῦν. Let s translate that orally into Greek. λέγωμεν ἑλληνικῶς ταῦτα μεταβάλλοντες. Begin, then, N! ἴθι δὴ, λέγε, ὦ Ν. I m pleased with your translation. ταῦτά μ ἤρεσας λέγων. Who taught you Greek? τίς σ ἐδίδαξε τὴν ἑλληνικὴν φωνήν; Go on! λέγε. That s very good too! τοῦτ αὖ δεξιόν. Go right on ahead, friend. λέγε δὴ σύ, ὦ γαθέ. That s an Ionic word. τοῦτ ἐστ Ἰωνικὸν τὸ ῥῆμα. Are you translating into Ionian dialect? Ἰωνικῶς λέγεις; Well, what s your translation? Hurry up and translate! There s nothing to do with you! φέρε δή, τί λέγεις; ἀλλ ἀνύσας λγε! σύγ οὐδὲν εἶ. I am obliged to tell you this. δικαίως δὲ τοῦτό σοι λέγω. You cannot translate three words without σὺ γὰρ οὐδὲ τρία ῥήματα ἑλληνικῶς εῖπεῖν οἷός τ εἶ πρὶν making an error. ἁμαρτεῖν. Stop! παῦε! Write down this very section in Greek καὶ μεταγράφετε αὐτὸ τοῦτο ἑλληνιστί! too! And the following section as well. καὶ τὸ ἑξῆς. (lat. Menex. 241 Understand? μανθάνετε; Absolutely! πάνυ μανθάνομεν. The task. τὸ ἔργον. Pick up the book and read it aloud. λαβὲ τὸ βιβλίον καὶ λέγε! Damn! How bothersome that I forgot to bring the notes (notebook). ἐς κόρακας! ὡς ἄχθομαι, ὁτιὴ ἐπελαθόμην τοὺς χάρτας (τὸ βιβλίον) προσφέρειν. Lend me a pen and paper. χρῆσόν τί μοι γραφεῖον καὶ χάρταν. 29. Busy Everyone goes to his own work πὰς χωρεῖ πρὸς ἔργον. What s left for us two to do now? ἄγε δή, τί νῷν ἔντευθενὶ ποιητέον; Well, that s done. ταυτὶ δέδραται. I ll take care of that. ταῦτα δράσω. I ll take care of that. μελήσει μοι ταῦτα. There s everything that you need. ἰδοὺ πάντα, ὧν δέει. Do you have everything you need? ἆρ ἔχεις ἅπαντα, ἃ δεῖ; Yes, I have everything I need. πάντα νὴ ία πάρεστί μοι, ὅσα δέομαι. It s a very simple matter. φαυλότατον ἔργον. Why are you doing this? ἵνα δὴ τί τοῦτο δρᾶτε; The business works better that way. χωρεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα οὕτω πολλῷ μᾶλλον. Page 15 of 31
Mind your work! Don t do like the rest! The work isn t getting done. What do you want to do then? The rest is your task. Help me, if you have a moment. I haven t the time. τῷ ἔργῳ πρόσεχε. μὴ ποιίει, ἅπερ οἱ ἄλλοι δρῶσι! οὐ χωρεῖ τοὖργον. τί δαὶ ποιήσεις; ὑμέτερον ἐντεῦθεν ἔργον. συλλαμβάνου, εἰ μὴ σέ τι κωλύει! οὐ σχολή (μοι). 30. Praise and Blame What do you think of this student, τί οὖν ἐρεῖς περὶ τούτου τοῦ μαθητοῦ, διδάσκαλε; schoolmaster? He s no dummy. οὐ σκαιὸς ἄνθρωπος. He doesn t seem to me to lack potential. οὐ σκαιός μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι. No, he s quite capable. As well as industrious and wide-awake. How about the other one? He s not up to the mark. Well, I ll have a word with him later. He is forgetful and dull-witted. And he doesn t take pains. He s changed completely. I know it. We ll do what we usually do. He s trifling, lazy and selfish. He s wholly disoriented. How is A doing? Up to his abilities. Reasonably well. δεξιὸς μὲν οὖν ἐστιν. καὶ φιλομαθὴς καὶ ἀγχίνους. ὁ δὲ ἕτερος ποῖός τις; ἐστὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ κόμματος. ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοῦτον μὲν ὕστερός ἐστί μοι λόγος. ἐπιλήσμων γάρ ἐστι καὶ βραδύς. καὶ οὐκ ἐπιμελής ἑστιν. ἠλιθιώτατός ἐστι πάντων. οἶδά τοι. ποιήσομέν τι τῶν προὔργου. ἠλίθιός τε καὶ ἀργὸς καὶ γάστρις ἐστίν. μελανχολᾷ. ὁ δὲ Ἀ. πῶς παρέχει τὰ ἑαυτοῦ; καθ ὅσον οἷός τ ἐστίν. ἐπιεικῶς. Grades for written work: A A1 εὖγε. καλῶς. B+ ἀκριβῶς. B ὀρθῶς. B- ἐπιεικῶς. C+ μετρίως. C μέσος. C- φαῦλος. D οὐκ ὀρθῶς. Singing Sing something! ᾆσόν τι! I cannot sing. μελῳδεῖν οὐκ ἐπίσταμαι. Go on and sing a song. μέλος τι ᾄσατε. What would you like to sing? τί ἐπινοεῖτε ᾄδειν; Then what shall we sing? ἀλλὰ τί δῆτ' ᾄδωμεν; Tell me what you like to hear. εἰπὲ, οἷστισι χαίρεις. What a sweet (great) song! ὡς ἡδὺ τὸ μέλος! Let's sing anonther one. ἕτερον ᾀσόμεθα May I sing a solo, please? ἔασόν με μονῳδῆσαι Page 16 of 31
Sing as much as you'd like. ἀλλ' ᾆδ' ὁπόσα βούλει. Stop singing. παῦσαι μελῳδῶν! The only thing you sing about is οὐδὲν γὰρ ᾄδεις πλὴν οἶνον wine/beer! I like that. τουτί μ' ἀρέσκει. Do you like that? σὲ δὲ τοῦτ' ἀρέσκει; I will surely never forget what you ὅσα ἄρτι ᾖσας, οὐ μὴ ἐπιλάθωμαί ποτε. just sang. I will sing another song. ἐπᾴσομαι μέλος τι. Military Drill (cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/drill_commands) To arms! ἄγε εἰς τὰ ὅπλα! Fall in! εἰς τὰς τάξεις καθίστασθε! Attention! σιωπῇ! Parade rest! διάστηθι! Dress right! ζύγει! Present arms! ἄνω τὰ ὅπλα! Order arms. θέσθε τὰ ὅπλα! Right face! ἐπὶ δεξιὰ κλῖνον! Left face! ἔπ ἀριστερὰ κλῖνον!! Turn left! ἐπ ἀριστερὰ µεταβαλοῦ! Ready front! εἰς ὀρθὸν ἀπόδος! Forward march! πρόαγε! (Company) halthalt! ἔχον οὗτως! Double time march! Close, march! Double time! Double-time, one-two-one-two! ἐπὶ κέρως εἰς δύο προάγε! ἐπὶ φάλαγγος πρόαγε! δρόµῳ! δρόµῳ πρόαγε ἀλαλά! You're right You re right. εὖ λέγεις. You Are right. εὖ τοι λέγεις. You could be right. ἴσως ἄν τι λέγοις. You re Quitte right. εὖ πάνυ λέγεις. You re apparently right. εὖ λέγειν σὺ φαίνει. I do think you re right. εὖ γέ µοι δοκεῖς λέγειν. Hat s what I think tool συνδοκεῖ ταῦτα κἀµοί. I think so too. tοῦτο µὲν κἀοι δοκεῖ. Hat s crystal clean. τοῦτο περιφανέστατον. Hat s fair to say. δίκαιος ὁ λόγος. I ll accept that. πείθοµαι. (cf. Ar. Plut. 31, Plat. Prot 316A) So it seems. ὡς ἔοικεν. There s lots of evidence for that. τούτων τεκµήριά ἐστι πολλά. Ι infer from the facts. ἔργῳ τεκµαίροµαι. Yes! Yes! (Undoubtedly!) νὴ ία. Yes indeed! νὴ τοὺς θεούς! -- νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ! Quite right! µάλιστά γε. -- πάνυ! Page 17 of 31
Of course! To be sure! Absolutely! Me? And you, of course! Possibly. It may well be. No wonder! And that s not surprising. Splendid! Don t you know? κοµιδῆ µὲν οὖν! εἰκότως! -- εἰκὸς γάρ! εὖ ἴσθ ὅτι! ἐγώ; σὺ µέντοι! οὐκ οἶδα. ἔοικεν! κοὐ θαῦµά γε! καὶ θαῦµά γ οὐδέν! εὖ λέγεις! οὐκ οἶσθα; No! No! οὐ µὰ ία! Not me (not I)! No, but... Not at all! Don t do it! Not yet! Not until (this happens). Absolutely not! There s no nee. Of course not! I d rattre not. Wise guy! Smartass! I ve no idea! Not at all! Not for anything in the world! Over my dead body! You think I m crazy? It s not Ilke that! But even so! You re wring. Nonsense! That s nonsense! Bu tthat s different! But that s not what you said! I don t believe it! µὰ ι ἐγὼ µὲν οὔ. οὔκ ἀλλὰ µὴ δῆτα! µή νυν ποιήσῃς! µή δῆτά πώ γε. οὔκ, ἢν µὴ (τοῦτο γένηται). µηδαµῶς! οὐδὲν δεῖ! µὰ ί οὐ µέντοι. εἰ γὰρ ὤφελ(ον)! σωφρονεῖς! -- δεξιὸς εἶ! ἥκιστα! ἥκιστά γε! ἥκιστα πάντων! οὐκ ἃν µὰ ία, κρέµαισθε γ ὑµεῖς! µελαγχολᾶν µ οὕτως οἴει; οὐχ οὕτος ὁ τρόπος! ἀλλ ὅµως! οὐκ ὀρθς λέγεις. λῆρος! οὐδὲν λέγεις! ἀλλ οὐ ταὐτόν! ἀλλ οὐκ εἶπας ὅµοιον! οὐ πείθοµαι! Commerce and Exchange He wants money. Lit. "If the farm's earning money, then all the trades are healthy." Freely: "If the farmer's rich, so is everybody else." He s got all he needs. εὖ φεροµένης τῆς γεωργίας ἔρρωνται καὶ αἱ ἄλλαι τέχναι ἅπασαι (Xen. Oed. V, 17) ἔχει ἅπαντα, ἃ δεῖ. He s intent on getting something. αἰτεῖ λαβεῖν τι. What do you need? τοῦ δέει; = τοῦ δέῃ What can I help you with? What are you looking for? What brings you here? Please lend me 20 Marks. τοῦ δεόµενος ἦλθες ἐνθαδί; ἥκεις κατὰ τί; ἐπὶ τί πάρει δεῦρο; δάνεισόν µοι πρὸς τῶν θεῶν εἴκοσι µάρας! Page 18 of 31
I m in a pinch (financial straits). No! You have what you need. Please help me! What do you want the money for? I ll pay off the shoemaker. Where shall I get the money? I appreciate your doing that! God bless you! Don t be angry with me, my friend! Please say no more about it. ἡ ἀνάγκη µε πιέζει. µὰ ί ἐγὼ µὲν οὔ. ἔχεις ὧν δέει. οὐκ ἀρήξεις; τί χρήσει τῷ ἀργυρίῳ; ἀποδώσω τῷ σκυτοτόµῳ. πόθεν τὸ ἀργύριον λήψοµαι; ἰδοὺ τουτὶ λαβέ! εὖ γ ἐποίησας! πόλλ ἀγαθὰ γένοιτό σοι! µὴ ἀγανάκτει, ὦ γαθέ! οἶσθ ὃ δρᾶσον; µὴ διαλέγου περὶ τούτου µηδέν! But I beg of you! ἀλλ ὦ γαθέ --! The Peddler Here s the door-to-door salesman again! καὶ µὴν ὁδὶ ἐκειῖνος ὁ Ἰουδαῖος! Fine purses! Ties! Knives! How much do these cost? Two and a half Marks. Oh no, that s too much. Will you pay two Marks? βαλάντια καλά! λαιµοδέτια! µαχαίρια! τί δῆτα καταθῶ τουτουί; δύο µάρκας καὶ εντήκοντα. µὰ ί, ἀαλλ ἔλαττον. δύο µάρκας τελεῖς; Here s a Mark and a half. λαβὲ µάρκην καὶ ἡµίσειαν. What price for the purse? πῶς τὰ βαλάντι ὤνια; cf. βαλλάντιον You can get a very fine one for 4 Marks. λήψει τεσσάρων µαρκῶν πάνυ καλόν. Take it back, I m not buying it -- you want too much Sie wollen zu viel profitieren. What will you give me for it? Hat will I live? I ll live you two Marks. Well, Take it then; that s better than selling it for nothing. We ll never get rid of the fellow! The knife is worthless;i wouldn t pay 1 Mark for it. I paid 3 Marks for it myself. I m not making a thing on it. Really? Swear on a Bible! I won t, by God! Sell it to someone else. I ll pay you for it. There you are. I paid 3 Marks for it. These are selling in Leipzig at 20 Marks for a dozen. Here he got it for 1 Mark. ἀπόφερε οὐκ ὠηήσοµαι, κερδαίνεν γὰρ αὐτὸς σὺ τί δίδως. ὅτι δίδωµι; δοίην ἃν δύο µάρκας. ἔχε τοίνυν κρεῖττον γάρ ἐστι ἣ µηδὲν λαβεῖν. ἅνθρωποσ οὐκ ἀπαλλαχθήσεται ἡµῶν. οὐδέν ἐστιν ἡ µάχαιρα; οὐκ ἃν πριαίµην οὐδὲ µιᾶς µάρκης. αὐτὸς ἀντέδωκα τούτου ποτὲ τρεῖς µάρκας. οὐδέν µοι περιγίγνεται. ἄληθες; ὄµοσον! οὐ µὰ τοὺς θεούς! πώλει τοῦτο ἄλλῳ τινί! ὠνήσοµαί σοι ἐγώ. ταῦτα δή. ἀπέδωκα ὀφείλων τρεῖς µάρκας. ἐν Λειψίᾳ πωλοῦνται κατὰ δώδεκα εἴκοσι µαρκῶν τοδί ἀπέδοτο µιᾶς µάρκης. At the tailor. Hello! χαῖρε! And Hello to you too! χαῖρε καὶ σύ! How may I help you? ἥκεις δὲ κατὰ τί; What are you looking for? τοῦ δέει; I need a jacket and trousers. δέοµαι ἱµατίου τε καὶ βρακῶν. Page 19 of 31
The shirt. ὁ χιτών. The hat. ὁ πῖλος. πέτασος The overcoat. τὸ ἐπάνω ἱµάτιον. The boots The sock/stocking The handkerchief. Hat s the cost of these? The Jackett costs 50 Marks, the trousers cost 20 Marks. That s the current price. Here s a very nice jacket with matching pants. Will it fit me? Be so kind as to take off your overcoat. τὰ ὑποδήµατα. ἡ περικνηµίς. τὸ ῥινόµακτρον. τί τελῶ ταῦτα ὠνούµενος; πεντήκοντα µάρκας εἰς ἱµάτιον, εἴκοσι δ εἰς βράκας. καθάπερ τέως. κάλλιστον τοδὶ ἱµάτιον µετὰ βρακῶν. ἆρ ἁρµόσει µοι; κατάθου δῆτα τὸ ἐπάνω ἱµάτιον. Please take off your jacket.. ἀπόδυθι, ἀαντιβολῶ, θοἰµάτιον! βούλει ἐποδύεσθαι θοἰµάτιον; You re not wearing a new jacket. οὐ καινὸν ἀµπέχει ἱµάτιον. No indeed. My old jacket has holes. οὐ µὰ ι ἀλλ ὀπὰς ἔχει τὸ τριβώνιον. Hat a nice outfit you have now! ποίαν ἤδη ἔχεις σκευήν! The new jacket has fits just fine. ἄριστ ἔχε τὸ καινὸν ἱµάτιον. Is there anything you don t like about it? ἔχεις τι ψέγειν τούτου? It doesn t become me. οὐ πρέπει µοι. Dealing with Shoes ὑποδηµάτων δεῖ. Put on these of mine! First try this one on. (Ar. Vespa. 1159, 1168). Slip out of your shoes (slippers). Put these on. Do they fit? Yes, they re a perfect fit. Where did you buy the pair of shoes you re wearing now? At the shopping-center. How much (did you pay)? τἀµὰ ταυτὶ λαβέ! τοῦτο πρῶτον ὑποδύου. ἄνυσον ὑποδυσάµενος! ἀποδύου τὰς ἐµβάδας (τὰ ἐµβάδια). ὑπόδυθι τάσδε. ἆρ ἁρµόττουσιν; νὴ ί, ἀλλ ἄριστ ἔχει. πόθεν πριάµενος τὸ ζεῦγος ἐµβάδων τουτὶ φορεῖς; ἐν ἀγορᾷ. καὶ πόσου; 16 Marks. ἑκκαίδεκα µαρκῶν. At the Produce Stand I have to go to the produce-stand. εἰς ἀγορὰν ἰτέον µοι. What for? Seh s going to the produce-stand to get grapes. I ll buh them, if you live me the money. τίνος ἕνεκα; χωρεῖ εἰς ἀγορὰν ἐπὶ βότρυα. ὠνήσοµαι, ἐάν µοι δῷς τἀργύριον. Here s some change for you. What do you want me to pick up? We want to buy some peaches for this money. Buy me (some) apples. apricots. pears. ἰδοὺ λαβὲ µικρὸν ἀργυρίδιον! τί βούλει µε πρίασθαι; ὠνησόµεθα περσικὰ τούτου τοῦ ἀργυρίου. ἀγοράσον µοι µῆλα. ἀρµενιακά (µῆλα). ἄπια. Page 20 of 31