tyis ukanono WrasTan brzolisa da monitoringis metodebi

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4 i. mawarasvili n. gujaraize tyis ukanono WrasTan brzolisa da monitoringis metodebi saxelmzrvanelo saqartvelos moqalaqeebisatvis Tbilisi 2006

5 sarcevi Sesavali 3 I nawili 6 saqartvelos tyeebi 6 saqartvelos satyeo seqtoris martvis ZiriTadi safuzvlebi 9 sakanonmdeblo safuzvlebi 9 saqartvelos tyeebis martvasa da kontrolze pasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo struqturebi 12 tyis ukanono WrasTan dakavsirebuli aqtualuri sakitxebi - kitxvebi da pasuxebi 16 II nawili 31 monitoringis danisnuleba 31 monitoringis upiratesobani 31 monitoringis zogadi mimoxilva 33 monitoringis proeqtebi da programebi 35 monitoringis proeqtis etapebi 38 monitoringis proeqtis I etapi: dagegmareba 40 monitoringis proeqtis II etapi: ganxorcieleba 47 monitoringis proeqtis III etapi: komunikacia da gavlena 57 reaqciisa da gamoxmaurebis prognozireba da mattvis mzaoba 67 Semowmebis procesi 67 rodis unda SewyvitiT monitoringi? 68 Semdegi nabiji 68 gamoyenebuli literatura 69

6 Sesavali tye rtuli ekosistemaa, romelic aertianebs cocxali da aracocxali bunebis mraval komponents. gasuli saukunis ganmavlobasi msoflios unikaluri xeluxlebeli tyeebis didi nawili adamianis xelma gaanadgura. TiToeuli saxeoba, TiToeuli ekosistema ganumeorebelia, mas milionobit wlis istoria gaacnia. tyis ganadgurebas Tan sdevs uamravi cxovelisa da mcenaris ganadgurebac, romlebic damokidebuli arian tyis ekosistemaze. ukontrolo tyis Wra iwvevs tyis xanzrebs, mewyerebsa da wyaldidobebs, cvlis wylis rejimsa, da adgilobriv da globalur klimats. ukanono Wrebis ert-erti mtkivneuli Sedegia tyeze damokidebuli mosaxleobis gararibeba. ganvitarebad qveynebsi skolebisa da saavadmyofoebis asaseneblad Tu sanitaruli pirobebis gasaumjobeseblad sawiro fuli xe-tyis baronebisa da korumpirebuli saxelmwifo moxeleebis jibesi xvdeba. ukanonod mopovebuli xe-tyis umetesoba eqsportirdeba. Raribi qveynebis umnisvnelovanesi resursi Calis fasad iyideba CrdiloeT amerikis, evropisa da armosavlet aziis mdidar qveynebsi. aq mas mdidruli saxlebis mosawyobad, Zvirfasi avejisa da suratis CarCoebis dasamzadeblad iyeneben. tyeebis ekonomikuri mnisvneloba tyis produqtebisgan yovelwliurad daaxloebit 300 miliardi ass dolaris Rirebulebis produqcia mzaddeba: samseneblo da avejis masala, qaraldi, medikamentebi, sakvebi da uamravi sxva produqti. msofliosi damzadebuli merqnis naxevars moixmaren ass, dasavlet evropis qveynebi da iaponia, sadac planetis mosaxleobis mxolod 20% cxovrobs. msofliosi damzadebuli merqnis 55% gamoiyeneba gasatbobad da sakvebis mosamzadeblad. am merqnis nawili pirdapir SeSad gamoiyeneba, nawilisgan ki xis naxsirs amzadeben wlis Semdeg motxovnileba merqanze orjer gaizarda, amastan qaraldis dasamzadeblad gamoyenebam gaaswro merqnis sawvavi miznebit gamoyenebas wlebis monakvetsi qaraldze msoflio motxovnileba orjer gaizrdeba. yvelaze meti raodenobit qaralds ert sul mosaxleze moixmars ass, Semdeg iaponia da germania. (Miller, 2000). tyeebis ekologiuri mnisvneloba tyiani wyalgamyofi qedebi giganturi Rrublebis msgavsad, amcireben Camonadenis sicqares da kvebaven nakadulebs, wyaroebs, mdinareebsa da miwisqvesa wylebs. amit, isini aregulireben mtebidan sasoflo sameurneo savargulebisa da dasaxlebuli adgilebisaken Camonadeni wylis rejims; amcireben danaleqis raodenobas, romelic irecxeba mdinareebsa da tbebsi da niadagis erozias.

7 tyeebi gavlenas axdenen klimatze. magalitad, tropikuli tyeebis Tavze tenianobis 50-80% xeebis mier wylis aotqlebis Sedegia. Tu am tyeebis didi fartobi gaicexeba, wliuri tenianobis macvenebeli dabla daecema da marali temperaturis gamo hava msrali da cxeli gaxdeba, rasac moyveba niadagis gamofitva. Sedegad tropikuli tyis adgils udabno daikavebs. tyeebs sasicocxlo mnisvneloba aqvt naxsirbadis globalur brunvasi. isini STanTqaven naxsirorjangis 90%-s. xmeletis sxva biomebtan SedarebiT, tyeebsi binadrobs cxovelta yvelaze meti saxeoba. tyeebi axsoben xmaurs da akaveben haeris damabinzureblebs. udidesia tyeebis sulieri da kulturuli mnisvneloba. mravali civilizaciisa da kulturis warmosoba da istoria dakavsirebulia tyis ekosistemebtan. mecnierebma tyeebis ekologiuri mnisvnelobis monetarulad gamosaxva scades. gamomusavebuli Jangbadis, haeris gasuftavebis, niadagis ganayofierebis, eroziisa da tenianobis kontrolis, wylis ciklsi monawileobisa da cxovelta sabinadro garemos gatvaliswinebit, erti tipiuri xis Rirebulebam ass dolari Seadgina. imave xis gamoyeneba merqnis saxit 590 ass dolaris odenobis Semosavals moitanda (Miller, 2000). amit natlad Cans, ramdenad didia xis xangrzlivdroiani ekologiuri mogeba mokle droze gatvlil ekonomikur mogebastan SedarebiT. tye ar aris ficrebis ertoblioba, romelsac droebit fotlebi aqvs gamosxmuli! uxsovari droidan adamiani tyis resursebs iyenebda sakvebad, satbob sasualebad, sasen masalad da sxva sawiroebisatvis; Tumca, ukanaskneli saukunis ganmavlobasi tye mtels msofliosi gansakutrebit didi raodenobit ganadgurda. indoneziasi, sadac dreisatvis msoflios tropikuli tyeebis 10% SemorCa, yovelwliurad belgiis fartobis toli teritoria icexeba. bolo atwleulis mzime socialur-ekonomikurma mdgomareobam tyis ukanonod da umowyalod Cexva gamoiwvia Cvens qveyanasic. bevri adamiani tyes uyurebs, mxolod rogorc merqnis mosapovebel sabados, sadac SeiZleba mxolod xis mowra. tyis Wris wesebis daucveloba, tyis resursebit sargeblobis kanonebis Seusrulebloba da ukanono, unebartvo Wrebi bunebis kanonzomierebata rrvevisa da stiqiur ubedurebata mizezi gaxda. swored ganukitxaobisa da aranormirebuli tyis Wris, Cexvis Sedegia svanetsi, dusetsi, kaxetsi, rawasa da awarasi bolo dros gaxsirebuli mewyerebi da Rvarcofebi. daiwyo da dresac mimdinareobs dazaralebuli mosaxleobis migracia qveynis SigniT, anu gacndnen ekomigrantebi - evropisatvis ucxoa es movlena da mxolod ganvitarebad qveynebsi Tu SexvdebiT. ekologiuri katastrofebi erovnul tragediad iqca, ramac ojaxebisa da mtlianad

8 soflebis ayra, "ucxo" miwaze gadabargeba da axali cxovrebis dawyeba gamoiwvia. axal garemo pirobebtan, xalxtan, mat zne-cveulebebtan Segueba ioli ar aris. amitom, vidre Cveni mtiani regionebi ukanonod da umowyalod gacexili xe-tyis wyalobit mtlianad mewyers ar wauria, wyaroebi ar damsrala da sxva ekologiuri katastrofebi Tavs ar dagvtexia, droa SevCerdeT, tyes Sesaferisi yuradrebit movepyrat da "tye Seunaxe Svilebsa" - ubralo simreris sityvebad ki ar darces, aramed cxovrebis wesad gavixadot. mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba mxolod qveynis moqalaqeebis aqtiuri monawileobit aris SesaZlebeli. saxelmwifo uwyebebs unda davexmarot sakutari funqciebis uket SesrulebaSi. xeli unda SevuwyoT im teritoriebze musaobasi, sadac uwirt ukanonobastan gamklaveba, "vaizulot" imusaon im adgilebsi, sadac jer ar undat, an ver axerxeben. aseve, sawiroa sazogadoebam Tvali adevnos kanonis arsrulebis process, rata igi efeqturi iyos da ar gadaiqces korufciis axal wyarod. winamdebare publikacia, romelic ori nawilisgan Sedgeba, xe-tyis ukanono mopovebis winaarmdeg ganwyobili adamianebis saxelmzrvaneloa. Cveni mizani saxelmwifo samsaxurebsa da sazogadoebas Soris TanamSromlobis xelsewyobaa. I nawilsi mocemulia sasargeblo informacia saqartvelos tyeebis, tyestan dakavsirebuli sakanonmdeblo da instituciuri sakitxebis, ukanono Wrebisa da tipiuri darrvevebis Sesaxeb. es nawili garkveuli nisnebis mixedvit ukanono Wris faqtebis armocenasic dagexmarebat. saxelmzrvanelos II nawili damoukidebeli monitoringis proeqtis/ programis dagegmarebisa da ganxorcielebis teqnikas ezrvneba. vimedovnebt, rom saxelmzrvanelo sasargeblo iqneba sazogadoebrivi organizaciebistvis, saswavlo dawesebulebebistvis, mewarmeebisa da sajaro moxeleebistvis. publikaciis momzadebisas gaweuli konsultaciebisatvis avtorebi madlobas uxdian: zaza SavliaSvils, nikoloz burduls, aleqsandre urusazes, leri WoWuas; armocenili daxmarebisa da fotomasalis mowodebisatvis: manana berizes, Tamar kurtanizes, nato oniasvils, manana boworisvils.

9 I nawili saqartvelos tyeebi oficialuri monacemebit, saqartvelosi tyes qveynis saerto teritoriis daaxloebit 38% ukavia. tyis ekosistemebi damaxasiatebelia qveynis TiTqmis yvela regionistvis, gamonakliss warmoadgens mxolod javaxetis zegani, xolo xevisa da mtiani TuSeTis regionebsi tyes Zalian mcire fartobi ukavia. sxvadasxva tipis tyeebis wili qveynis tyeebis saerto fartobsi Semdegnairia: wiflnari - 51%, sownari - 10%, muxnari - 3,3%, nazvnari - 6,3%, fiwvnari - 3,6%, murynari - 3%, wablnari - 2,1%, arynari - 2%. saqartvelos tyeebis danarcen fartobs xemcenareta sxvadasxva saxeobebi qmnis (Carpinus caucasica, Tilia caucasica, Acer platanoides, A. trantvetteri, Fraxinus exscelsior da sxva). sasurvelia saqartvelos ZiriTad regionebsi tyis gavrcelebis monacemebis motana. dasavlet saqartvelosi tye ukve zrvispiridanaa gavrcelebuli, xolo armosavlet saqartvelosi tyis sartyeli ZiriTadad metridan iwyeba. Walis tyis biomi armosavlet saqartvelosi ganvitarebulia mdinareebis mtkvris, ivris, alaznis da qciis qvemo welis gaswvriv. matsi Warbobs muxa (Quercus pedunculiflora), agretve verxvebi (Populus canescens, Populus hybrida), qacvi (Hyppophae rhamnoides) da sxva. es tyeebi mdidaria lianebit. dasavlet saqartvelos Walis tyeebsi wamyvani pozicia uwiravs murynarebs. am tyeebistvis damaxasiatebelia gvimra (Mateucia struthiopteris) da lianebi (Hedera colchica, Smilax exscelsa, Vitis sylvestris). TiTqmis gauval rayebs qmnis mayvali (Rubus anatolicus). nateli tyis mcenareuloba gavrcelebulia armosavlet saqartvelos naxevradudabnoebisa da stepebis sartyelsi. es biomi Sedgeba tyis qserofiluri mcenareebisagan da sakmaod gvalvagamzle balaxovani safarisgan. igi yvelaze kargad aris gamoxatuli vaslovanis nakrzalsi da ukavia 5000 ha fartobi. sakmlis xis (Pistacia mutica) nateli tye miekutvneba dasavletiranul tips, romelsic warmodgenilia sxvadasxva bucqebi (Paliurus spina-christi, Rhamnus pallasii, Cotinus coggygria da sxv.). gvxvdeba agretve sakmlis xis sufta rayebi, romelsac calkeuli xe an bucqebi Tu Seereva xolme. Rviian natel tyeebs ukaviat mcxetisa da vaslovanis mtiswinebis Crdilo ferdobebi. am tyeebis dominantebia Juniperus foetidissima (armosavlet xmeltasuazrvetis saxeoba) da J. polycarpus (wina aziuri saxeoba). vaslovansi es saxeobebi sakmlis xis tyis komponentebia. garda am saxeobebisa, am ekosistemasi gavrcelebulia kavkasiuri Juniperus oblonga da armosavlet xmeltasuazrvuri J. rufescens.

10 xsirad Rviian natel tyeebs ukaviat tyis Semdeg ganvitarebuli mcenareulobis adgili. muxnarebi (Quercus iberica) gvxvdeba armosavlet saqartvelos tyis sartylis qveda nawilsi ( metridan). saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis mixedvit sxvadasxva variantebi gamoiyofa. wiflnarebi (Fagus orientalis) gavrcelebulia tyis sartylis Sua da zeda nawilsi. Sereuli saxit ert-ert yvelaze damaxasiatebel saxeobas warmoadgens kavkasiuri rcxila (Carpinus caucasica). fiwvnarebi (Pinus spp.) gvxvdeba zrvis donidan metris simarleze. mat Soris orografiulad izolirebul regionsi (mta-tuseti), an mcire simzlavris niadagebze (zemo svaneti). es ekosistemebi mdidari floristuli SemadgenlobiT gamoircevian. damaxasiatebeli saxeobebia: aryi, wifeli, sowi da sxva. muxnar-fiwvnari: fiwvtan ertad am ekosistemas qmnis marali mtis muxa. am tyeebs vxvdebit armosavlet saqartvelosi metri simarlis farglebsi, xolo awarasi misi gavrcelebis zona gacilebit dabali simarleebidan iwyeba (300 m-dan m-mde). utxovris (Taxus baccata) tyeebi Semonaxulia reliqturi tyis saxit bawaras xeobasi, alaznis zemo dinebasi. Zelqvianebi (Zelkova carpinifolia): babaneuris Zelqvianebi Tavisi reliqturi bunebit da isviati gavrcelebit did yuradrebas iqcevs. is ZiriTadad gvxvdeba CrdiloeT eqspoziciis ferdobebze, rogorc Txel, ise ganvitarebul niadagebze (dasavlet saqartvelosi Zelqvianebi ganvitarebulia mdinareebis terasebze aluviur da subtropikul ewer niadagebze). nekercxlianebi (Acer velutinum): es tyeebi mxolod alaznis velzea gavrcelebuli. misi zeda zrvari 1000 m-s ar aremateba. kolxuri tyeebi: dasavlet saqartvelosi, kolxetis dawaobebul dablobze, zrvis donidanve iwyeba murynarebi (Alnus barbata), lafnarebi (Petocarya pterocarpa), nakleb tenian adgilebsi gavrcelebulia muxnarebi (Quercus iberica, Q.hartwissiana), rcxilnarebi (Carpinus caucasica), wablnarebi (Castanea sativa). es tyeebi mdidaria lianebit (Hedera colchica, Smilax excelsa, Vitis sylvestris). biwvintis fiwvis (Pinus pithyusa) tye: biwvintis fiwvi reliqturi saxeobaa. am tyistvis damaxasitebelia xmeltasuazrvispiretis floris warmomadgenlebi. dasavlet saqartvelos tyeebistvis damaxasiatebelia reliqturi gartxmuli bucqebis, mat Soris, maradmwvaneebis qvetye. zogiert raionsi (afxazetsa da samegrelos kirqvian mtebsi) gvxvdeba bza (Buxus colchica). dasavlet saqartvelos armosavlet nawilsi (imeretsi) tyis qveda da Sua sartyelsi gabatonebulia imeretis muxa (Quercus imeretina), romelic ZelqvasTan (Zelcova carpinifolia) ertad qmnis ajametis nakrzalis Zelqvnar-muxnar koromebs.

11 kavkasiis mtebsi gansakutrebit unda gamoiyos subalpuri sartylis tyis zeda sazrvris mcenareuloba ( metri zrvis donidan), romelic gamoirceva rogorc didi mravalferovnebit, ise isviati endemuri da reliqturi saxeobebis siuxvit. subalpuri sartylis mcenareulobisatvis damaxasiatebelia Semdegi tyiani formaciebi: mecxeri tyeebi: mecxeri, anu "parkiseburi tyeebi" gvxvdeba zrvis donidan metris zemot. mecxer tyes warmoqmnian ZiriTadad maralmtis bokvi da maralmtis muxa. garda amisa, "parkisebur tyes" qmnian (ufro xsirad antropogenuri zemoqmedebis Sedegad) wifeli, nazvi, fiwvi da sxva. tanbrecili tyeebi: kavkasiis subalpur tanbrecil tyeebs qmnian wifeli, aryis sxvadasxva saxeobebi, maralmtis bokvi, kolxuri Txili, imeruli xewreli da sxvebi. gansakutrebit sayuradreboa kolxetis tanbrecili tyeebi, sadac klimati ara marto Zalian teniani, SedarebiT rbilicaa. es tyeebi mdidaria endemuri da reliqturi saxeobebit (mag. pontouri muxa, megruli aryi, medvedevis aryi da sxv.) gartxmul bucqnarebi: am formaciebis ZiriTadi komponentebia deka, ungernis Sqeri, gartxmuli Rvia, kavra, meliqauri da sxva. subalpuri zonis balaxovani flora gamoirceva saxeobrivi mravalferovnebita da kavkasiis endemebis simdidrit. arsanisnavia magalitad, monotipuri gvari Gadellia, aseve Grosshemia, Dolychorrisa da sxv. arsanisnavia, rom Rvias ori saxeoba: Juniperus hemispaerica (J. depressa) da J. sabina. arwevs kavkasionis alpur sartyels.

12 saqartvelos satyeo seqtoris martvis ZiriTadi safuzvlebi * sakanonmdeblo safuzvlebi saqartvelos garemosdacviti kanonmdeblobis safuzvels warmoadgens saqartvelos konstitucia, romlis 37-e muxlis Tanaxmad, "yvelas aqvs ufleba cxovrobdes janmrtelobisatvis uvnebel garemosi, sargeblobdes bunebrivi da kulturuli garemoti. yvela valdebulia gaufrtxildes bunebriv da kulturul garemos"; "adamianis janmrtelobisatvis usafrtxo garemos uzrunvelsayofad, sazogadoebis ekologiuri da ekonomikuri interesebis Sesabamisad, axlandeli da momavali Taobebis interesebis gatvaliswinebit saxelmwifo uzrunvelyofs garemos dacvas da racionalur bunebatsargeblobas". saertasoriso SeTanxmebebs, memorandumebs da konvenciebs, eniwebat prioriteti erovnul kanonmdeblobastan mimartebasi, Tu isini ar ewinaarmdegebian saqartvelos konstitucias. arsanisnavia konvencia biologiuri mravalferovnebis Sesaxeb", romelsac saqartvelo 1994 wels miuertda. saqartvelosi tyeebis dacvasa da gamoyenebastan dakavsirebit mirebulia Semdegi kanonebi: "garemos dacvis Sesaxeb", "daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb", "cxovelta samyaros Sesaxeb", "saqartvelos "witeli nusxisa" da "witeli wignis" Sesaxeb", "saqartvelos tyis kodeqsi", licenziebisa da nebartvebis Sesaxeb", da aseve sxva normatiuli aqtebi wels saqartvelos konstituciis zemot arnisnuli debulebebis ganxorcielebis miznit mirebuli iqna saqartvelos kanoni "garemos dacvis Sesaxeb", romlis mizania: garemos dacva mavne zemoqmedebisagan; garemos xarisxis gaumjobeseba; mdgradi ganvitareba da bunebrivi resursebis mdgradi gamoyeneba; biologiuri mravalferovnebisa da ekologiuri wonasworobis SenarCuneba; unikaluri landsaftebisa da ekosistemebis dacva; globaluri garemosdacviti problemebis gadasawrelad garkveuli Zalisxmevis warmartva; garemos dacvis sferosi moqalaqeta uflebebisa da movaleobebis gansazrvra; garemosdacviti ganatleba. saqartvelos kanoni "daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb" (1996 w.) gansazrvravs daculi teritoriebis daarsebis, ganvitarebisa da funqcionirebis aspeqtebs; ayalibebs martvaze pasuxismgebeli organoebis sistemas sxvadasxva doneze da gansazrvravs sxvadasxva kategoriis daculi teritoriis farglebsi dasasveb saqmianobebs. saqartvelos kanoni "cxovelta samyaros Sesaxeb" (1996 w.) aregulirebs samartlebriv urtiertobebs cxovelta samyaros * sakanonmdeblo da instituciuri sakitxebis mimoxilva mocemulia 2006 w. 15 ivlisis mdgomareobit

13 obieqtebis dacvisa da sargeblobis mimartulebit. kanoni, usualod veluri faunis saxeobebis dacvis garda, itvaliswinebs mati habitatebis, samigracio gzebis, gamravlebis adgilebis dacvas, uzrunvelyofs veluri faunis mdgrad gamoyenebas da qmnis samartlebriv safuzvels misi in-situ da ex-situ konservaciistvis. "saqartvelos tyis kodeqsi" (1999 w.) aregulirebs saqartvelos tyis fondisa da misi resursebis movlastan, dacvastan, ardgenasa da gamoyenebastan dakavsirebul samartlebriv urtiertobebs. "saqartvelos tyis kodeqsis" mixedvit gansazrvrulia saxelmwifo tyis fondis cneba, romlis qvesac igulisxmeba kanonmdeblobis safuzvelze mistvis mikutvnebuli miwebisa da misi resursebis (tyeebi) ertoblioba. kodeqsi aseve aregulirebs tyis fondze sakutrebis uflebas. arsanisnavia, rom kodeqsis Tanaxmad, dasvebulia tyis kerzo sakutrebasi gadacema. kodeqsis mirebis momentsi tyis fondi mtlianad gamocxadda saxelmwifo sakutrebad, xolo gansaxelmwifoebriobis procesi unda daregulirdes Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobit, romlis Seqmnis aucileblobasac itvaliswinebs kodeqsis me-9.2 muxli. kodeqsis ert-ert umnisvnelovanes amocanas warmoadgens saqartvelos tyis fondis dacva, xeluxlebeli tyeebis TviTmyofadobis SenarCuneba, mcenareta reliqturi, endemuri da sxva Zvirfasi saxeobebis dacva. arsanisnavia saqartvelos kanoni "garemosdacviti nebartvis Sesaxeb" (amoqmedda 1997 wlis 1 ianvridan) da saqartvelos kanoni "saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb" (amoqmedda 1997 wlis 1 ianvridan). am kanonta mixedvit, nebartva nebismier saqmianobaze gaicema garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisa da saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Catarebis Semdeg wlis ivnissi saqartvelos parlamentma miiro kanoni "saqartvelos "witeli nusxisa" da "witeli wignis" Sesaxeb". kanonit samartlebrivad ganisazrvra gadasenebis safrtxis winase myofi gareuli cxovelebisa da veluri mcenareebis saxeobebis saqartvelos "witeli nusxisa" da aseve, "witeli wignis" (romelsac eniweba sarekomendacio da metoduri xasiatis mnisvneloba) iuridiuli definiciebi. kanonit aseve ganisazrvra, "witeli nusxis" struqtura, nusxasi Sesatani saxeobebis gansazrvris, nusxis proeqtis SemuSavebis, mirebisa da ganaxlebis (gadasinjvis) procedurebi. arnisnuli kanoni aseve aregulirebs gadasenebis safrtxis winase myofi saxeobebis "witel wigntan", safrtxis winase myofi saxeobebis dacvastan, mopovebastan, mati ardgenisa da SenarCunebis RonisZiebaTa dagegmvasa da dafinansebastan dakavsirebul sakitxebs. saqartvelos kanoni licenziebisa da nebartvebis Sesaxeb" ZalaSi Sevida 2005 wlis 4 agvistodan. am kanonis mixedvit, satyeo seqtortan mimartebasi arsebobs: tyetsargeblobis generaluri licenzia, romelsic Sedis xe-tyis damzadebisa da samonadireo meurneobis mowyobis specialuri licenziebi; da garemoze zemoqmedebis 10

14 nebartva. am kanonis motxovnebidan gamomdinare, mastan SesabamisobaSi unda movides saqartvelos sxva normatiuli aqtebi. gardamaval periosi sakitxebi regulirdeba mtavrobis dadgenilebebit. garda am kanonebisa, arsebobs sxvadasxva wlebsi gamocemuli normatiuli aqtebi (prezidentis brzanebulebebi, parlamentisa da mtavrobis dadgenilebebi, ministrisa da departamentis Tavmjdomaris brzanebebi), romlebic aregulirebs tyetsargeblobastan dakavsirebul sakitxebs. esenia: saqartvelos prezidentis brzanebuleba N479, 1996 wlis 24 ivlisi, saqartvelos tyeebsi zezeuri xis gacemis wesis Sesaxeb"; saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis departamentis Tavmjdomaris brzaneba N0/161, 1996 wlis 7 dekemberi, movliti Wris wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze; saqartvelos prezidentis brzanebuleba N6, 2000 wlis 10 ianvari, saqartvelos tyeebsi mtavri sargeblobis Wris wesis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebisa da tyeebis dacvis, ardgena-ganaxlebis mtel rig RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb"; saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdomaris brzaneba N10/61, 2000 wlis 13 seqtemberi, specialuri Wrisa da misi ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze; saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdomaris brzaneba N10/27, 2000 wlis 22 Tebervali, saangariso tyekafis dadgenis wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze; saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdomaris brzaneba N10/93, 2000 wlis 28 marti, "tyekafis gamoyofis wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze; saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis ministris brzaneba N99, 2002 wlis 4 oqtomberi ukanono tyitsargeblobis Sedegad saxelmwifo tyis fondisatvis miyenebuli zianis gaangarisebis da anazraurebis wesis Sesaxeb" debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb; saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis ministris brzaneba N93, 2004 wlis 17 dekemberi saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis ministris 2002 wlis 4 oqtombris N99 brzanebit damtkicebul debulebasi ukanono tyitsargeblobis Sedegad saxelmwifo tyis fondisatvis miyenebuli zianis gaangarisebis da anazraurebis wesis Sesaxeb" cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze"; saqartvelos mtavrobis dadgenileba N132, 2005 wlis 11 agvisto, tyit sargeblobis licenziebis da gacemis wesisa da 11

15 pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze"; saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis ministris brzaneba N380, 2005 wlis 22 seqtembri xe-tyis kanonierebisa da warmosobili damadasturebeli dokumentebis gacemis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb". dridan gamocemisa am normatiul aqtebsi Sesulia araerti arsebiti cvlileba. saqartvelos tyeebis martvasa da kontrolze pasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo struqturebi saqartvelos tyeebis udidesi nawili dreisatvis aris saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros daqvemdebarebasi, mat Soris: satyeo meurneobis departamenti ganagebs saqartvelos tyeebis - 82%-s, daculi teritoriebis departamenti - 8%-s. tyeebis mcire nawili - 2%, ekutvnis v. gulisasvilis saxelobis satyeo instituts, xolo adgilobrivi mmartvelobisa da TviTmmarTvelobis organoebs - 8% (yofili e.w. sakolmeurneo tyeebi). saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro aris saqartvelos armasulebeli xelisuflebis samtavrobo dawesebuleba, romelic uzrunvelyofs saxelmwifo mmartvelobas garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis racionalurad gamoyenebis, agretve mosaxleobis ekologiuri usafrtxoebis sferosi. saministros hyavs teritoriuli organoebi, romlebic Sesabamis administraciulteritoriul erteulsi Tavisi amocanebis ganxorcielebisas warmoadgenen saministros. saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba, satyeo meurneobis departamenti aris armasrulebeli xelisuflebis dawesebuleba, romlis mesveobitac garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministri axorcielebs armasrulebel xelisuflebas satyeo meurneobis sferosi. departamentis daqvemdebarebasi Sedis satyeo meurneobebi. saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba, daculi teritoriebis departamenti - departamentis daqvemdebarebasi Sedis daculi teritoriebi (erovnuli parkebi, nakrzalebi, arkvetilebi da sxva). saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros generaluri inspeqcia - warmoadgens saministros sistemis Sida uwyebrivi kontrolis ganmaxorcielebel ertadert struqturul qvedanayofs, romelic Tavisi saqmianobit uzrunvelyofs saministros 12

16 sistemis mosamsaxureta mier Cadenil samsaxureobrivi gadacdomisa da sxva saxis samartaldarrvevata gamovlenas, xels uwyobs mati Tavidan acilebisa da kanonsesabamisi reagirebis miznit mimartul musaobas. garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba, garemos dacvis inspeqcia - aris garemos dacvis sferosi saxelmwifo kontrolis ertiani centralizebuli organo. misi ZiriTadi amocanebia: garemos dacvis sferosi saxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcieleba; bunebrivi resursebit ukanono sargeblobis faqtebis gamovlena da arkveta; saministros mier gacemuli licenziebis /nebartvebis pirobebis Sesrulebis kontroli. 13

17 tyis ukanono WrasTan dakavsirebuli aqtualuri sakitxebi kitxvebi da pasuxebi satyeo sfero Zalze rtulia. dauxvewavi da winaarmdegobrivi kanonmdebloba, korufciis marali done, romelsic tradiciulad Cabmulni arian ertdroulad sxvadasxva saxelmwifo uwyebebis warmomadgenlebi (rogorc marali rangis, ise rigiti moxeleebi), bundovani, araertmnisvnelovani wesebi da normebi, arazusti dokumenturi masala - es im faqtorebis arasruli CamonaTvalia, romlebic artuleben satyeo sferosi darrvevebis armocenasa da monitorings. aqve unda arinisnos, rom satyeo sfero mecnierebis rtuli da kompleqsuri dargia da massi garkveva satanado ganatlebas sawiroebs. tye cocxali organizmia da mxolod Teoriuli ganatleba ar aris sakmarisi imisatvis, rom adamiani gaerkves, ertis mxriv, tyis ekosistemebsi mimdinare bunebriv procesebsi, meores mxriv ki, SesaZlo darrvevebsi, romlebic xdeba satyeo meuneobis martvisa Tu tyis produqtebit vawrobisas. miuxedavad CamoTvlili sirtulebisa, satyeo sferosi arsebuli darrvevebi xsirad Zalze TvalsaCinoa da mondomebuli adamiani, mcireodeni unar-cvevebis atvisebisa da dakvirvebulobis xarjze, advilad SeZlebs armoacinos ukanono qmedebebi. Cven gadavwyvitet kitxva-pasuxisa da komentarebis saxit mogvewodebina is informacia, romelic yvelaze metad ainteresebt da swirdebat satyeo sferosi mimdinare procesebit dainteresebul moqalaqeebs da gamosadegi iqneba darrvevebis armocenisa da damoukidebeli monitoringis warmoebistvis. ras nisnavs saxelmwifo tyis fondi? saxelmwifo tyis fondi aris saqartvelos saxelmwifo tyis, saqartvelos kanonmdeblobit mistvis mikutvnebuli miwebisa da misi resursebis ertoblioba. saxelmwifo tyis fondi ar gulisxmobs mxolod tyit dafaruli teritoriebs. aq SeiZleba warmodgenili iyos sazovrebi, sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi, sanergeebi, nakafebi, naxanzralebi, mindvrebi da sxva. saqartvelos saxelmwifo tyis fondsi Sedis sameurneo tyis fondi da daculi teritoriebi. sameurneo tyis fonds ganagebs saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis departamenti da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmartvelobis organoebi, xolo dacul teritoriebs - daculi teritoriebis departamenti. 14

18 ra aris tyitsargebloba? tyitsargebloba aris tyis fondis sasargeblo Tvisebebis gamoyeneba da sxvadasxva resursis mopoveba. saqartvelos kanonmdeblobit dasvebulia tyitsargeblobis ramdenime saxeoba: xe-tyis damzadeba, plantaciuri meurneobis warmoeba, tyis aramerqnuli resursebit sargebloba, sasoflo-sameurneo miznit sargebloba, specialuri da micenis wesit sargebloba, samecniero-kvleviti da saswavlo miznit sargebloba, sakurorto, rekreaciuli da sxva miznit sargebloba, samonadireo meurneobis mowyoba. TiToeuli matganistvis sawiroa gakveuli tipis nebartva. ra aris xe-tyis damzadeba? xe-tyis damzadeba aris tyit sargebloba merqnis mirebis miznit, rac moicavs xeebis mowras, samanqano gzamde motrevas da daxarisxebas. saqartvelos kanonmdeblobit, xe-tyis damzadebis miznit xorcieldeba mtavari sargeblobis Wra da movliti Wris ert-erti saxe - gavliti Wra, Tu uzrunvelyofilia merqnis Tanabari da uwyveti mopovebis pirobebi tyis bunebrivi Tvisebebis zianis miuyeneblad. xe-tyis damzadeba SeiZleba agretve ganxorcieldes movliti Wris gawmenditi, gamoxsirviti, sarekonstruqcio da sanitaruli Wris saxeebit da specialuri WriT (qvemot ixilet dawvrilebit). ra aris tyis aramerqnuli resursebi? tyis aramerqnul resursebsi igulisxmeba biologiuri warmosobis produqtebi, romlebic moipoveba tyis fondis teritoriaze. tyis aramerqnuli resursebi SeiZleba Segrovebuli iyos veluri bunebidan, satyeo plantaciebidan, an calke tyis garet mdgomi xeebidan. magalitad, asetebia: sakvebad an sakvebis danamatebad gamoyenebuli produqtebi (Txili, kakali, xili, kenkra, saneleblebi, balaxebi, sokoebi), mcenareuli bowko, gircebi, balaxovani mcenareebis nawilebi (gorlebi, bolqvebi), fisi (webos misarebad), samedicino, kosmetikuri da kulturuli miznit gamosayenebeli produqtebi. ra aris biologiuri mravalferovneba (biomravalferovneba)? biologiuri mravalferovneba (biomravalferovneba) - landsaftebis, ekosistemebis, saxeobebis bunebrivi mravalferovneba, aseve Sidasaxeobrivi genetikuri mravalferovneba garkveuli teritoriis farglebsi. biomravalferovnebis SenarCuneba, mistvis safrtxis 15

19 arideba sameurneo saqmianobis dros, savaldebuloa saqartvelos kanonmdelbobit. biomravalferovnebaze uaryofit zegavlenas axdens misi bunebrivi elementebis Semcireba (mag. mtiani ekosistemebis an misi calkeuli elementebis Semcireba da ganadgureba), an bunebriv garemosi ucxo saxeobebis gavrceleba. ra aris tyetmowyoba? tyetmowyoba aris samusaota kompleqsi, romlis farglebsi xdeba tyeebis mdgomareobis Sefaseba da mati gamoyenebis, arwarmoebis da dacvis RonisZiebaTa dagegmva. sxvagvarad rom vtqvat, es aris tyis resursebis inventarizaciisa da sameurneo saqmianobis dagegmvis procesi. saqartvelos tyis kodeqsis Tanaxmad, saqartvelos tyeebsi tyetmowyobis masalebis garese akrzalulia tyitsargeblobisa da satyeo sameurneo samusaoebis warmoeba, stiqiuri ubedurebis SemTxvevebis garda. saqartvelosi tyetmowyoba yovel at weliwadsi ertxel unda tardebodes. im satyeo fartobebsi, sadac tyetmowyoba at welze metia ar Catarebuli, Wrebis danisvna ar SeiZleba. tyetmowyobis Sedegad dgindeba saxelmwifo tyis fondis sazrvrebi, ganisazrvreba tyeebis mdgomareoba, mati saxeobrivi Semadgenloba, asaki, xdeba resursebis raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi Sefaseba, tyitsargeblobis ubnebis dadgena, Wris saxeebis daproeqteba, tyis mdgomareobidan da adgilis bunebrivi pirobebidan gamomdinare, tyis biologiuri da patologiuri gamokvleva, witel nusxasi Setanili gadasenebis safrtxis winase myofi isviati, reliqturi da endemuri mcenareebis gavrcelebis arealis mqone ubnebis gamovlena. tyetmowyobis masalebis safuzvelze, specialuri metodikit, xdeba tyis fondis adgilobrivi teritoriuli organoebis (satyeo meurneobebis) teritoriebze mtavari sargeblobis WrebiT xe-tyis damzadebis yovelwliuri SesaZlo optimaluri odenobis (saangariso tyekafis) dadgena. teritoriuli organoebis saangariso tyekafebis jamit miireba regionebis, an mtlianad qveynis saangariso tyekafis odenoba. aseve tyetmowyobis masalebis safuzvelze dgindeba movliti da specialuri Wrebis moculobebi da vadebi. stiqiuri movlenebis, tyis mavneblebis da daavadebebis gavrcelebis, xanzrebis SemTxvevaSi xe-tyis damzadebis moculobebi da vadebi dgindeba specialuri gamokvlevebis masalebis safuzvelze. gzebis, milsadenebis, eleqtrotrasebis, datborvis zonebis an sxva obieqtebis mseneblobisas, Tu es ukavsirdeba xe-tyis Wras, misi moculobebi da vadebi ganisazrvreba konkretuli obieqtebis mseneblobis damtkicebuli proeqtebis safuzvelze. 16

20 ra aris tyekafi? tyekafi aris tyesi gamoyofili gansazrvruli fartobis adgili, romelzec monisnulia mosawreli xeebi da tyidan gamijnulia vizirebit, an bunebrivi sazrvrebit da amastanave, tyekafis nomrisa da fartobis armnisvneli bozit. bozze unda mietitos gamoyofis adgili, weli da Wris saxe. tyekafis farglebs garet Wra unebartvod / ukanonod itvleba. saqartvelos tyis fondis gansazrvrul ubanze tyekafis gamoyofa xdeba tyetmowyobis masalebis safuzvelze. tyekafis gamoyofa tyesi xdeba misi eqspluataciasi gadacemamde. amisatvis dgeba misi atviseba-damusavebis dokumenti, romelsic mocemulia, tyekafis forma da gamoyofis dros gansazrvruli ZiriTadi macveneblebi: tyekafis fartobi, Semadgenloba, sixsire, saxeobis mixedvit mosawreli xe-tyis maragi kubur metrebsi, merqnis sasualo maragi 1-ha-ze, xis Reros sasualo moculoba, mozardis sixsire da mosawreli merqniani saxeobebi. tyekafze TiToeul mosawrel merqnian xem-mcenares aqvs Tavisi individualuri nomeri da damra fesvis yeltan. nomeri iwereba tyekafis dokumentsi da arnisnuli xis mowris kanonierebas arnisnavs. unomro da daudamravi xis mowra itvleba unebartvod / ukanonod. fizikurma Tu iuridiulma pirma, romelsac gaacnia tyitsargeblobis licenzia, tyekafze Wris dawyebamde unda warmoadginos da satyeo meurneobastan SeaTanxmos tyekafis atvisebis teqnologiuri ruka - dokumenti, romelic Seicavs informacias fartobis, reliefis, niadagis, Wris formis, moris Trevis saxeebis, xe-tyis zeda sawyobis adgilis, dasatvirti moednis, xe-tyis sazidi gzebis ganlagebis, tyis bunebrivi ganaxlebis uzrunvelyofis, eroziisagan dacvis da tyekafze arsebuli mozardis SenarCunebis Sesaxeb. ras nisnavs koromis simwifis asaki? koromis simwifis asaki aris asaki, romelsic koromi izens raodenobriv da xarisxobriv macveneblebs, romlebic yvelaze metad Seesabamebian sameurneo miznebs. ansxvaveben raodenobrivi simwifis asaks (asaki, romelsic erti asakisa da saxeobis xeebisagan Semdgari koromi mocemul pirobebsi arwevs cocxali xis merqnis maqsimalur odenobas), sasaqonlo simwifis (asaki, romelsic SeiZleba mirebul iqnes samasale merqnis maqsimaluri odenoba), biologiuri simwifis (asaki, romlis Semdgom iwyeba erti asakis koromis swrafi dasla) da sxv. sxvadaxva asakis xeebisagan Semdgari koromisatvis "simwifis asakis" cneba praqtikulad ar gamoiyeneba. 17

21 ras nisnavs koromis sixsire? sixsire gansazrvravs xeta dgomis simwidroves. normalur koromsi (tyis ubansi), sadac xeta dgomis simwidrove imdenad xsiria, rom iq SeuZlebelia xis Camateba, micneulia 1.0 sixsiris koromad. aqedan gamomdinare koromis sixsire SeiZleba iyos 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1. ra aris merqnis maragi? merqnis maragi aris mozardi xeebis varjis saerto moculoba (gamosaxuli kuburi metrebit ert heqtarze). Cveulebriv gamoiyeneba "sazire maragi", anu merqnis saerto maragi, kerweroebisa da jirkebis CaTvliT. e.w. "likviduri maragi" anu maragi, romelic SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnas sameurneo mnisvnelobit, 10-15%-T naklebia, vidre "sazire maragi". likvidur maragsi Sedis rogorc samasale, ise sasese merqani (anu samseneblo saqmianobisatvis SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnas likviduri maragis mxolod nawili). ra aris satyeo plantaciebi? satyeo plantaciebi ewodebat xelovnurad Seqmnili tyis kulturebis nargavebs, romelta mteli arsebobis ganmavlobasi mimdinareobs movliti RonisZiebebi (SesaZloa sasuqebis gamoyeneba da niadagis specialuri damusaveba), minimalur drosi maqsimaluri raodenobis merqnis mirebis miznit. tyis plantaciebi ufro gavrcelebulia tropikul da subtopikul ganedebsi. CrdiloeTis qveynebis civi klimati ar izleva mokle periodsi (10-20 weli) sasaqonlo merqnis mirebis SesaZleblobas. ras nisnavs likviduri merqani (likvidi)? likviduri merqani aris merqnis nawili, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas adamianis mier. amasi samasale merqani da gauqerqavi sasese merqani. zogadad mirebulia, rom likviduri merqani merqnis saerto maragis daaxloebit 0,87 Seadgens. tyis Wris ra wesebi moqmedebs Cvens qveyanasi? Wris wesebis safuzvlebi mocemulia saqartvelos kanonsi saqartvelos tyis kodeqsi". Wra regulirdeba am kanonit aseve misgan gamomdinare debulebebit, saqartvelos prezidentis brzanebulebit da sxva normatiuli aqtebit. am wesebis dacva savaldebuloa yvela 18

22 uwyebisatvis, romelta gamgeblobasic arsebobs tyeebi, agretve fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebisatvis, romlebic ewevian tyesi nebismieri Wris saxeobit merqnis damzadebas. saqartvelos tyis kodeqsi itvaliswinebs ZiriTadad sami saxis Wris wess: mtavari sargeblobis, movlit da specialur Wrebs. Tavis mxriv es Wrebic iyofa sxvadasxva saxeebad. tyis Wris saxeebis SerCeva warmoebs merqnian saxeobata biologiuri da ekologiuri Taviseburebebis, tyis tipebis, tyis bunebrivi ganaxlebis mdgomareobis, eroziis winaarmdeg niadagis mdgradobis, ferdobta eqspoziciisa da daqanebis simkvetris Sesabamisad. mtavari sargeblobis Wrebis saxeebia: pirwminda Wra, TandaTanobiTi Wra, jgufur-amorceviti Wra da nebit-amorceviti Wra. TiToeuli matganis unda dainisnos Sesabamisi bunebrivi pirobebisa da mosawreli saxeobis gatvaliswinebit. Wris wesebis Tanaxmad, mtavari sargeblobis Wrebi ar SeiZleba dainisnos Semdeg tyis kategoriebsi: saxelmwifo nakrzalebsi; erovnul parkebsi; arkvetilebsi; bunebis ZeglebSi; daculi landfsatebsi; sakurorto zonis tyeebsi; mwvane zonis tyeebsi (daculi, bunebrivi an xelovnuri tye, romelic dasvenebis da sanitarul-sakurorto danisnulebit gamoiyeneba); amastanave, gansakutrebuli dacviti mnisvnelobis mqone tyis ubnebsi, romeltac miekutvnebian: saxelmwifo dacviti tyis zolebi (bunebrivi an xelovnuri nargaobebi, romlebic dasaxlebuli punqtebis, rkinigzis da saavtomobilo gzebis, arxebis, savargulebis da mdinareta wylis regulirebis miznitaa Seqmnili); Walis tyeebi (mdinareta xeobebsi gavrcelebuli tyeebi, romlebic sezonurad itboreba); subalpuri zonis 300 m siganis arealsi arsebuli tyeebi (gardamavali zoli tyis sartylidan alpur sartylamde, sadac mimdinareobs brzola merqnian da balaxovan mcenareebs Soris); tyis ubnebi reliqtiuri, endemuri da Zvirfasmerqniani saxeobebis gabatonebit; ze meti daqanebis ferdobebi; mdinareebis, tbebis, wyalsacavebis gaswvriv 300 m siganis napirdamcavi tyis ubnebi; rkinigzis da saavtomobilo gzebis gaswvriv 100 m siganis tyis zolebi. 19

23 mtavari sargeblobis Wra inisneba 0,6 da meti sixsiris tyis ubnebsi. Wris Catarebis Semdeg, tyenakafze dazianebuli xeebis odenoba ar unda arematebodes darcenili xeebis 10%-s. tyenakafze darcenili xis wvrili narcenebi mozardisagan Tavisufal adgilebze, mkvriv xurgebad daiwyoba tyis mavneblebis dasaxlebis Tavidan acilebis miznit da dasalpobad darceba, an wvrilad daiwreba da mtel fartobze Tanabrad gaifanteba. mtavari sargeblobis Wrebis Catareba sxvadasxva merqniani saxeobebis koromebsi kidev gansakutrebul wesebad aris Camoyalibebuli: (1) Wrebi fiwvnarebsi, (2) Wrebi wiflnarebsi, nazvnarebsi da sownarebsi, (3) Wrebi rcxilnarebsi, (4) Wrebi murynarebsi, arynarebsi, verxvnarebsi. movliti Wrebi - Wris arricxvis kategoria, romelic formalurad mimartulia maralproduqtiuli koromebis Camosayalibeblad, sasargeblo funqciebis SesanarCuneblad da gasazliereblad da merqnis dasamzadeblad. movliti Wris mravali saxeoba arsebobs, romelta nawili mxolod Teoriulad arsebobs. asetia magalitad, xmeli totebis mowra, qvetyis movla, tyispirebis movla. zogierti saxeobis movliti Wra, Tavisi dasvebuli parametrebit, uaxlovdeba mtavari sargeblobis Wrebs da ukanasknelisgan gansxvavebit SeiZleba Catardes iset tyeebsi, sadac mtavari sargeblobis Wrebi dasvebuli ar aris (ferdobebze, sakurorto-sarekreacio zonebsi). saqartvelos (aseve rusetis) bevr regionsi merqnis damzadeba xdeba movliti Wrebis sasualebit. saqartvelos drevandeli kanonmdeblobit, arsebobs Semdegi saxeebis movliti Wrebi, romlebic ganisazrvreba koromta xnovanebisa da funqciuri danisnulebis mixedvit: ganatebiti, gawmenditi, gamoxsirviti, gavliti, sanitaruli da sarekonstruqcio. movliti Wra tardeba 0,7 da meti sixsiris tyis ubnebsi. Wris mizania tyeebis niadagdacviti, wyalmaregulirebeli, sanitarulhigienuri, xarisxobrivi da saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis da struqturis gaumjobeseba. sanitaruli Wra movliti Wris yvelaze gavrcelebuli saxea. sinamdvilesi es aris Wris kategoria, romelic mimartulia koromis mdgomareobis SesanarCuneblad / gasaumjobeseblad, romlis drosac unda gamotanil iqnes gamxmari, dakninebuli, mavneblebita da daavadebebit dazianebuli xeebi. 90-iani wlebidan sanitaruli Wrebi CvenSi, iseve rogorc rusetsi, gamoiyeneboda samrewvelo miznit merqnis damzadebis SesaniRbavad iset tyeebsi, sadac sxva saxeobis Wrebi ar iyo dasvebuli. kanonmdeblobis mixedvit, sanitaruli Wra movliti Wris erterti saxea, romelic inisneba 0,4 da meti sixsiris tyis ubnebsi, sanitaruli mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis miznit da gulisxmobs ubnis teritoriaze zexmeli, xmobadi, fauti (futuro) da mavneblebit 20

24 Zlier dazianebuli xeebis mowras. yvela Zlier dazianebuli xe, romeltac arar aqvt momavalsi zrdis sasualeba, unda moiwras. mdinaris napirebze metris siganeze ar daisveba traqtoris mozraoba. rkinigzisa da gzebis gaswvriv, agretve, mwvane zonis da sakurorto tyeebsi dasvebulia mxolod movliti Wris saxe. tyis sixsire Wris Semdeg ar unda davides 0,6-ze qvevit. subalpur 300 m-ian tyis zolsi iwreba mxolod zexmeli, fauti da mavneblebit dazianebuli xeebi. specialuri Wra xorcieldeba aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, specialuri danisnulebit, agretve, mosaxleobis satbobi SeSiT uzrunvelsayofad, Sesabamisi tyis martvis organostan winaswari SeTanxmebiT. Wris wesebis Tanaxmad, specialuri Wra SesaZloa ganxorcieldes: hidrokvanzebis, milsadenebis, gzebis, kavsirgabmulobis da eleqtro-gadamcemi xazebis, arxebis mseneblobisas da aucilebeli xanzarsawinaarmdego RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebisas, satyeosamelioracio, satyeo-sakulture da sxva satyeo-sameurneo RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebisas, karierebis damusavebisa da wiariseulis amorebisas da sxv. specialuri Wra ar SeiZleba daigegmos: nakrzalsi, erovnuli parkis mkacri dacvis zonasi, bunebis ZeglSi, dacul landsaftsi; subalpur zolsi; erozirebul, damewyril da eroziasasis teritoriaze. specialur Wras ar eqvemdebareba: witel nusxasi Setanili saxeoba; endemuri, reliqturi da Zvirfasmerqniani saxeoba; istoriuli, memorialuri da sxva Rirebulebis mqone erteuli xeebi. ra aris licenzia? licenzia aris administraciuli organos mier gacemuli (tyitsargeblobis SemTxvevaSi es aris garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro) saqmianobis ganxorcielebis uflebis damadasturebeli oficialuri dokumenti. igi SeiZleba gaices moklevadiani da grzelvadiani periodebit, auqcionis wesit. tyitsargeblobis licenzia (generaluri da specialuri) miekutvneba sargeblobis licenziis saxeobas. is gaicema auqcionis wesit. licenziis mflobels SuZlia dayos licenzia, an gadasces sxva pirs, mat Soris memkvidreobit. auqcions gamartvisa da sawyisi fasis dadgenis wesi mtkicdeba ministris brzanebit. licenziis maziebelma ganacxadi unda Seitanos auqcionis gamartvamde araugvanes 15 drisa. igi valdebulia winaswar gadaixados "be". auqcioni tardeba garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrosi an mis mier mititebul sxva misamartze. 21

25 ra aris tyis sawreli bileti? tyis sawreli bileti moqmedebda 2005 wlamde, "licenziebisa da nebartvebis Sesaxeb" saqartvelos kanonis amoqmedebamde. yovelwliurad iwereboda da ezleoda xe-tyis damamzadebels. is warmoadgenda oficialur dokuments merqnis mowra-dasamzadeblad. biletsi mititebuli iyo tyekafi (adgili), masze mosawreli merqniani saxeoba da misi raodenoba kubur metrebsi. aranairi sxva dokumenti, sityvieri an sxvagvari SeTanxmeba, fizikur Tu iuridiul pirsa da satyeo meurneobis nebismieri Tanamdebobis pirs Soris ar izleoda tyis Wris nebartvas. Sesabamisad, tyis sawreli biletis garese tyitsargebloba, xe-tyis Wra, unebartvo (ukanono) Wras nisnavda. arnisnuli sakitxis ganxilva am etapze mimdinareobs da SeiZleba momavalsi ardges es sanebartvo mowmoba. rogor unda movipovot tyitsargeblobis licenzia? tyitsargeblobis licenciis mopoveba xdeba auqcionit. xetyis damzadebis specialuri licenziis misarebad auqcionsi monawileobisatvis sawiroa: 1. gancxadeba, sasurveli tyekafis mititebit. saministro winaswar aketebs gancxadebas, Tu romel tyekafze cxaddeba auqcioni; 2. iuridiuli piris an individualuri mewarmis mier saxelmwifo reestridan amonawerebi, xolo fizikuri pirisatvis _ identifikaciis damadasturebeli, kanonmdeblobit dadgenili sabutebis aslebi. sajaro samartlis iuridiulma pirma, gancxadebas unda daurtos sadamfuzneblo dokumentebis aslebi. 3. salicenzio mosakreblis da sawyisi fasidan be"-s gadaxdis damadasturebeli dokumentebi. samonadireo meurneobis licenziis misarebad sawiroa: 1. gancxadeba; 2. kerzo samartlis iuridiuli pirisa da individualuri mewarmisatvis - saxelmwifo reestridan amonawerebi; fizikuri pirisatvis - identifikaciis damadasturebeli, kanonmdeblobit dadgenili sabutebis aslebi. xolo sajaro samartlis iuridiulma pirma gancxadebas unda daurtos sadamfuzneblo dokumentaciis aslebi; 3. salicenzio mosakreblis gadaxdis damadasturebeli qvitari; 4. samonadireo savargulebis gamoyofisatvis sawiro winaswari daskvna (mxolod auqcionis gamocxadebamde). 22

26 ra gadasaxadebi/mosakreblebia sawiro tyitsargeblobis gansaxorcieleblad? tyetsargeblobis licenzia, iseve rogorc bunebrivi resursit sargeblobis sxva licenziebi, gaicema auqcionis wesit. licenzia eniweba im pretendents, romelic auqcionis msvlelobisas (vawrobis processi) daawesebs yvelaze maral fass. auqcioni tardeba Ria wesit, xelmisawvdomia yvela fizikuri da iuridiuli pirisatvis da sajaroa. auqcionis sawyisi fasi gamoitvleba specialuri metodikit da yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi dgindeba garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministris brzanebit. auqcionis gamartvamde licenziis maziebeli nardi an unardo angarissworebit (saministros mier mititebul sabanko angarisze) ixdis gadasaxdel be"-s, romelic Seadgens sawyisi fasis 20%-s. auqcionsi vergamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi be" ukan brundeba, xolo gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi CaiTvleba auqcionis saboloo fassi. licenziis maziebeli aseve ixdis salicenzio mosakrebels. tyitsargeblobis generaluri licenziis an xe-tyis damzadebis specialuri licenziis misarebad gamartul auqcionsi gamarjvebulma pirma unda uzrunvelyos xe-tyis Sesabamisi moculobis tyekafebis gamoyofis miznit saxelmwifos mier gaweuli xarjebis anazraureba. licenziis mopovebis Semdeg mflobelma tyitmosargeblem mopovebuli resursis odenobis mixedvit adgilobriv biujetsi unda gadaixados resursis mosakrebeli. rogor unda airos soflad mcxovrebma mosaxlem SeSis mowris nebartva? adgilbrivi mosaxleobis piradi moxmarebisatvis xe-tyes, TavianTi kompetenciis farglebsi, gascemen satyeo meurneobis departamentis Sesabamisi satyeo meurneobebi, an daculi teritoriebis departamentis Sesabamisi daculi teritoriebis administraciebi martivi administraciuli warmoebis wesit. SeSis mopovebis msurvelma mat unda mimartos werlobit. igive organoebi gascemen sasese merqnis kanonierebis damadasturebel dokuments. ras nisnavs fautiani xeebi? fautiani xeebi ewodeba xeebs dazianebuli varjit, an sxvadasxva defeqtit (orkerweroiani, fururoiani, gadatexili, darrecili da a.s.), ritac mati merqnis komerciuli Rirebuleba mnisvnelovnad mcirdeba. fautiani xeebs xsirad gaacniat didi mnisvneloba biomravalferovnebis SenarCunebis TvalsazrisiT, imdenad, ramdenadac asruleben budis, bunagis TavSesafaris funqcias, warmoadgenen substrats sokoebisa 23

27 da sxva organizmebisatvis. kanonmdeblobis mixedvit, ra sabutebia sawiro xe-tyis gadasazidad? xe-tyis gadasazidad sawiroa xe-tyis kanonierebisa da warmosobis damadasturebeli dokumentebi", romelic mewarmem unda iqonios xe-tyis transportirebisas da warudginos sabajo organoebs. misi gacemis wesi da forma damtkicebulia garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministris brzanebit. is unda gascen im adgilobrivma satyeo meurneobebma, sadac moxda resursis mopoveba. mowrili xis nomeri (romelic arnisnulia fesvis yelze) gadatanil unda iqnas mowrili xisagan damzadebul morze. daunomravi moris transportireba akrzalulia. xe-tyis transportirebis aseti wesebi moqmedebs 2005 wlis Semodgomidan. eqsportis gansaxorcieleblad sawiroa saqartvelos savawro-samrewvelo palatis mier gacemuli warmosobis sertifikati. es ukanaskneli ki gaicema eqspertizis aqtis safuzvelze. ra aris ukanono Wra? ukanono Wra aris satanado sanebartvo mowmobis garese Catarebuli Wra. calke gamoyofen "darrvevit Catarebul Wrebs". magalitad, Tu vinme mowris xes licenziis an biletis garese, es aris ukanono Wra. xolo Tu licenziis an biletis mflobelma ar daicva tyitsargeblobis wesebi: narcenebi adgilze datova, mowra daunomravi xe da a.s amas uwodeben xolme "Wris wesebis darrvevas". vis evaleba tyis dacva ukanono Wrebisagan da Wris wesebis dacvaze kontroli? saqartvelos tyis fondis sworad martvasa (mdgomareoba, movla, dacva, ardgena da gaseneba) da gankargvaze, (tyitsargebloba) saxelmwifos mxridan kontrolsa da zedamxedvelobas axorcielebs saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro, massi Semavali struqturuli erteulebis mesveobit (satyeo meurneobis departamenti, daculi teritoriebis departamenti, garemos dacvis inspeqcia). satyeo meurneobasa da dacul teritoriaze momusave tyis dacvis TanamSromels ufleba aqvs: arkvetos unebartvo Wrebi, Seamowmos tyitsargeblobis dokumentebi, gaaceros satransporto sasualebebi da moaxdinos mati datvaliereba kanonierebis dadgenis miznit. xe-tyisa da tyis sxva resursebis mopovebis kanonierebis damadasturebeli sabutebis uqonlobis SemTxvevaSi, moaxdinos mati 24

28 CamorTmeva, SeaCeros da akrzalos tyitmosargebleta sameurneo saqmianoba, Tu igi ar Seesabameba dokuments da Seadginos oqmi darrvevebis Sesaxeb. tyis dacvis TanamSromeli pasuxs agebs: tyis mdgomareobaze, mis aradanisnulebisamebr gamoyenebaze, tyis Wris wesebis darrvevaze, ukanono Wrebze da sxva tyis kodeqsit gansazrvruli wesebis darrvevaze. tyis Wris wesebis dacva da mis dacvaze kontroli usualod evaleba satyeo meurneobis administracias, xolo satyeo meurneobebsi - satyeos ufross. satyeo meurneoba sistematiurad akontrolebs tyit mosargebleebis mier am wesebis dacvas, xolo samusaoebis damtavrebis Semdeg awarmoebs Wris adgilebis Semowmebas tyekafebis atvisebis, xetyisa da tyis meorexarisxovani masalebis gamouzidavad datovebis SemTxvevebis gamovlenis miznit. Semowmeba xorcieldeba samusaota damtavrebis Semdeg araugvianes Semdegi vadebisa: a) Wris adgilebis - xe-tyis gamozidvisatvis dadgenili vadis damtavrebidan 30 dresi; b) tyis meorexarisxovani masalebis damzadebis adgilebis - gamozidvisatvis dadgenili vadis damtavrebidan 30 dresi. satyeo meurneoba Semowmebis TariRis Sesaxeb tyitmosargebles acnobebs danisnul vadamde 15 drit adre wels saqartvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrosi Seiqmna garemos dacvis inspeqcia (gdi). mis ert-ert mtavar movaleobas warmoadgens satyeo sferosi ukanono qmedebebis (ukanono Wra, Wris wesebis darrveva da sxv.) gamovlena da arkveta. ra saxis darrvevebi SeiZleba naxot tyesi? Wra tyekafis garese xe-tyis damzadeba dasvebulia mxolod specialurad gamoyofili tyekafis farglebsi. Wra ukanonoa (unebartvoa), Tu is tyekafis gamoyofis garese, gamoyofili tyekafis farglebs garet, dasvebulze meti raodenobit, yalbi an vadagasuli dokumentebit xorcieldeba. unebartvod zexmeli, Caxergili, mat Soris waqceuli xeebis mowra da damzadebac ki akrzalulia! tyekafze yvela mosawrel xes aqvs Tavisi individualuri nomeri da damra fesvis yeltan. aseti monisnuli xeebis arsebobac tyekafis gamoyofis macvenebelia. Tu ver vnaxavt tyis Wris adgilas tyekafis macvenebel bozebsa da vizirebs, aseve danomril xeebs, es nisnavs, rom Wra tardeba tyekafis garese, an mis farglebs garet da es ukve mizezia, rom mivmartot Sesabamis saxelmwifo organoebs (gdi-s). xsirad bozebi mxolod tyekafis ert mxarezea, rata damrrvevma zerele Semowmebas "gauzlos". tyis sirrmesi ki wesierad ar aris 25

29 xolme arnisnuli tyekafis sazrvrebi. xsirad bozebze ar aris sruli informacia tyekafis Sesaxeb. esec kanonis darrvevaa. dasvebulze metis Wra xsirad gamoyofil tyekafsi iwreba ufro meti, vidre amis uflebas izleva licenzia da tyekafis masalebi. Tu gamoyofil tyekafze aris mowrili xeebis jirkebi, romlebsac ar aqvs nomeri fesvis yeltan, es ukanonod mowrili xea. aseve, gadawril kunzze zemodan unda iyos specialuri damra, romelsac asvams satyeo meurneobis warmomdgeneli. ukanonod mowrili xe-tyis transportireba da eqsporti xe-tyis gadasazidad sawiroa gadamzidavma iqonios "xe-tyis kanonierebisa da warmosobis damadasturebeli dokumentebi", an,,sasese merqnis kanonierebis damadasturebeli dokumenti", romlebic man motxovnisamebr unda warudginos uflebamosil saxelmwifo organoebs (policia, gdi, satyeo da sabajo departamentebi). arnisnul dokuments gascems is adgilobrivi satyeo meurneoba, romlis uflebamosilebis gavrcelebis farglebsic moxda resursis mopoveba. mowrili xis nomeri (romelic arnisnulia fesvis yelze) gadatanil unda iqnes misgan damzadebul morze. daunomravi moris transportireba akrzalulia. Tu satransporto sasualeba datvirtulia morebit, romlebic ar aris danomrili, es SesaZloa muititebdes ukanonod mowrili xe-tyis arsebobaze. rigit moqalaqes kerzo piristvis dokumentaciis motxovnisa da Semowmebis ufleba ar aqvs! amorcevit sauketeso xeebis mowra xsirad movliti (romlis ert-erti saxea sanitaruli Wra) Wrebis Sedegad iwreba janmrteli, sauketeso xeeebi. gamoyofil tyekafze xmeli, xmobadi, Zlier dazianebuli xeebis WraSi ardanisvna darrvevaa da kanonit isjeba. amdenad Tu naxavt, rom gamoyofil tyekafsi ar aris danomrili, anu mosawrelad monisnuli aseti xeebi, CaTvaleT, rom satyeo meurneobam kanoni daarrvia. danisnuli Wrebis dros sauketeso, janmrteli xeebi, wesit, ar unda iwrebodes. xsirad ki piriqit xdeba. gansakutrebit savalaloa, roca aseti ram swored movliti (sanitaruli) Wrebis dros xdeba, romelic wesit tyeebis gajansarebas unda emsaxurebodes. endemuri, reliqturi, Zvirfasmerqniani da witel nusxasi Setanili saxeobebis Wra Tu naxavt, rom tyesi mowrilia Walis muxa, wabli an utxovari es iqneba ukanono Wra, vinaidan es saxeobebi Setanilia saqartvelos witel nusxasi. Zvirfasi merqnis gamo, witel nusxasi Setanili saxeobebidan yvelaze xsirad zemocamotvlil saxeobebs moipoveben 26

30 ukanonod. aseve, savaraudod danasaultan gveqneba saqme, Tu saxerxsi waawydebit witeli nusxis saxeobebis morebs. tyitsargeblobis wesebis darrveva, tyistvis zianis miyeneba arsebobs darrvevebi, romelta Sedegad ziani adgeba tyes da romlebic ar aris Znelad gamosacnobi. ubralod unda icodet, rom es darrvevaa da kanonit isjeba. asetebia: tyis Wra Zlier daqanebul ferdobebze (Tu aset ferdobze tyekafia gamoyofili, danisnulia xeebi, es satyeo meurneobis mier kanonis darrvevaze miutitebs); tyis Wris dros daunisnavi xeebis waqceva an dazianeba; mowrili da miyudebuli xeebis datoveba tyesi - es safrtxes uqnis adamianis sicocxles; xe-tyis damzadebisas mozardi armonacenis dazianebagafuweba; tyis Wra gzispirebze; miyolebit mozardi xeebis Wra; xe-tyis damzadebis Semdeg tyis narcenebisgan argawmenda. xsirad miaqvt mxolod samasaled gamosadegi xe-mcenaris varjis nawili, wveroebsa da totebs ki iqve yrian. ikargeba uamravi sasese merqani, nayari ki xels uslis armonacens da xels uwyobs tyis daavadebebis gavrcelebas; sadresaswaulo, religiuri, saritualo, dekoratiuli da sxva miznit xeebis dazianeba, totebis mowra (bzis totebi bzobistvis, utxovaris totebi, saaxalwlod wiwvovnebis mowra, aseve varjis wveris wawrit mcenaris dazianeba); nayofis momcemi xeebis produqtebis Segroveba totebis mowrit (jonjoli, qacvi, askili, kowaxuri, Sindi, nusi da sxv.) tyis fondis teritoriaze unebartvo (ukanono) Zoveba, xvna da Tibva; tyis fartobebis TviTneburad Semokaveba, SemoRobva da mitviseba; gauqerqavi wiwvovani xis morebis tyidan gamotana, an tyesi damarageba. niadagis dazianeba merqnis gamozidvis dros niadagis zedapiruli fenis dazianeba da amit eroziis winapirobis Seqmna akrzalulia. amas iwvevs dacurebit xe-tyis gamotana, ris Sedegadac vitardeba mewyruli movlenebi. yvelaze xsirad dacurebis kvali SeimCneva tyeebis siaxloves ganlagebul soflebtan, sadac saxerxebsi xdeba merqnis pirveladi damusaveba. amastanave, rogorc wesi, tyidan dacurebit gamoaqvt ukanonod mowrili xeebi. 27

31 merqnis pirveladi damusaveba tyesi xe-tyis pirveladi damusaveba tyesi akrzalulia. Tu SeamCnevT, rom tyesi musaobs gadasatani saxerxi, icodet, rom adgili aqvs kanonis darrvevas da gdi-s unda mimartot. saxerxebi xe-tyis saxerx sawarmoebsi akrzalulia ukanonod mopovebuli xetyis damusaveba da es kanonit isjeba. rigit moqalaqes ar aqvs ufleba Seamowmos sawarmosi xe-tyis warmosobis kanoniereba, magram arsebobs Zalze TvalnaTeli darrvevebi saxerxebis funqcionirebisas. saxerxis teritoriaze unda iyos specialuri ormo, sadac grovdeba naxerxi. xsirad, naxerxi grovebad yria saxerxis ezosi an mis garet, da rac ufro meti zianis momtania garemosatvis - iyreba mdinaresi. naxerxi iwvevs niadagisa da wylis dabinzurebas, qimiur reaqciasi Sedis mat komponentebtan, ritac imatebs mjavianoba. es uaryofitad moqmedebs adamianis janmrtelobaze, radgan mavne nivtierebebi niadagisa da wylis gavlit sabolood adamianis sakvebsi da Semdeg organizmsi xvdeba. aseve darrvevaa, roca saxerxsi Setanilia ukanonod mowrili xe-tye, romelic SeiZleba icnot nomris ararsebobit. SeiZleba Tu ara xe-tyis damzadeba daculi teritoriebis farglebsi? xe-tyis damzadeba (aseve saqonlis Zoveba) dasvebulia mxolod zogierti kategoriis daculi teritoriis farglebsi, isic mxolod specialuri nebartvit. magalitad, asetebia: arkvetili, erovnuli parkis tradiciuli gamoyenebis zona. nakrzalis an erovnuli parkis mkacri dacvis zonasi xis Wra akrzalulia. Tu dacul teritoriaze ar aris amisatvis specialurad kanonit dasvebuli adgilebi, iq Catarebuli Wra (iseve, rogorc sxva bunebrivi resursis mopoveba, Zoveba) ukanonoa, xolo Tu amaze arsebobs daculi teritoriis xelmzrvanelobis Tanxmoba, es mat danasaulze miutitebs. vis unda mivmartot tyesi ukanono qmedebebis armocenisas? ukanono Wrisa da sxva darrvevebis armocenis SemTxvevaSi, mimartet garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebulebas - garemos dacvis inspeqcias (gdi), an mis regionul biuros. 28

32 gdi - centraluri ofisi misamarti: Tbilisi, guluas q.#6; tel. (cxeli xazi): gdi - qvemo qartlis biuro biuros ufrosi: ivane guluasvili; misamarti: q. rustavi, firosmanis #19; tel.: (8_24) gdi - dasavlet centraluri biuro (imeretis, rawa-lecxumis, qvemo svanetisa da guriis regionebi) biuros ufrosi: mamuka vezdeni; misamarti: qutaisi, WavWavaZis #31; tel.: 8 (231) gdi - awaris biuro biuros ufrosi: ivane WeiSvili; misamarti: batumi gorgaslis #124; tel.: ( ) ; gdi samegrelo-zemo svaneti biuros ufrosi: vaja gurciani; misamarti: zugdidi, janasias #1; tel.: 8 (215) gdi - armosavlet centraluri biuro (Sida qartlis, mcxetamtianetisa da yazbegis regionebi) biuros ufrosi: davit utmelize; misamarti: mcxeta, samxedros # 13b; tel.: 8 (273) gdi - kaxetis biuro biuros ufrosi: erasti metreveli; misamarti: Telavi, WavWavaZis #243; tel: 8 (252) gdi - samcxe-javaxetis biuro biuros ufrosis m/s: revaz qadagisvili; misamarti: axalcixe, m. kostavas #18; tel: 8 (262) Tu TvliT, rom saministros sistemis TanamSromelma (mat Soris satyeo meurneobis, daculi teritoriebis departamentis an gdi-is) daarrvia kanoni, Caidina samsaxureobrivi gadacdoma, droulad da srulad ar mogawodat informacia, ar moaxdina satanado reagireba Tqvens sacivarze - mimartet garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros generalur inspeqcias. misamarti: q. Tbilisi, guluas q. #6, telefoni: asociacia mwvane alternativa gtxovt mogvawodot informacia Tqvens mier armocenili darrvevebis Sesaxeb. rogor movipovot informacia saxelmwifo organoebidan? yvela moqalaqes SeuZlia moitxovos da miiros sajaro informacia. amistvis, werilobit unda mimartos Sesabamis saxelmwifo dawesebulebas, romelic valdebulia Seuferxeblad miawodos informacia. saxelmwifo uwyebas amisatvis maqsimum 10 dre aqvs. Tu informaciis moculoba didia, an misi mozieba moitxovs garkveul dros, uwyebam 3 dris vadasi unda gacnobot, rom ver eteva 10-dRian vadasi da iqve miutitos, Tu rodis SeZlebs mis mowodebas. Tu 29

33 saxelmwifo dawesebulebam daarrvia es pirobebi, Tqven SegiZliaT sacivrit mimartot amave saxelmwifo dawesebulebis generalur inspeqcias an sasamartlos. daimaxsovret, rigit moqalaqes kerzo piristvis dokumentaciis motxovnisa da Semowmebis ufleba ar aqvs! amisatvis arsebobs saxelmwifo samsaxurebi, romlebic kanonit miniwebuli uflebit axorcieleben aset qmedebebs. saxelmzrvanelos am nawilsi Cven SevecadeT warmogvedina informacia, romelic Tqven dagexmarebat zogadi warmodgena SegeqmnaT satyeo sferoze, seqtoris instituciur wyobaze, SesaZlo ukanono qmedebebze da mati gamovlenis SesaZleblobebze. miuxedavad Cveni mcdelobisa, rac SeiZleba srulad warmogvedgina arnisnuli informacia, ra Tqma unda iqneba sakitxebi, romlebic damatebit ganmartebas sawiroebs. amitom gtxovt, nebismieri damatebiti informaciisatvis, rcevisa Tu konkretul sakitxze konsultaciisatvis mogvmartot saxelmzrvanelos garekanze mititebul misamartze. 30

34 II nawili rogorc SesavalSi iyo arnisnuli, saxelmzrvanelos II nawili ezrvneba xe-tyis aralegaluri Wris damoukidebeli monitoringis dagegmvisa da wamoebis teqnikas. Tumca, aq warmodgenili informacia SesaZloa gamoiyenot rogorc satyeo seqtorsi mimdinare procesebze dakvirvebisatvis, aseve nebismieri garemosdacviti xasiatis monitoringis sawarmoeblad. monitoringis danisnuleba monitoringi sasualebas azlevs arasamtavrobo organizaciebs xeli Seuwyon garemosdacviti mmartvelobis gaumjobesebas ramdenime gzit: bunebrivi resursebis arsebuli mdgomareobis (jansari, safrtxis qves arsebuli, an degradirebuli) da cvlilebis tendenciebis (gaumjobesebuli, stabiluri an gauaresebuli) SefasebiT. am saxis informaciis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia resursebis atvisebis Sesabamisi donis dadgenis, an aramdgradi qmedebebis gansazrvrisatvis; komerciuli samrewvelo organizaciebisa da mtavrobisatvis Sesasruleblad savaldebulo maregulirebeli da sakanonmdeblo sistemisa da mati arsrulebis SefasebiT; garemosdacviti mmartvelobis xarisxis SefasebiT; mtavrobis an komerciuli samrewvelo organizaciebis mier mowodebuli informaciis realobastan Sesabamisobisa da sizustis SemowmebiT; safrtxis Semcveli, an ukanono qmedebebis gamovlenit. amgvari qmedebebis didi xnis ganmavlobasi uyuradrebod datovebam, SesaZloa, resursis sabolood amowurva gamoiwvios. saboloo jamsi, monitoringi SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes mtavrobis, samrewvelo kompaniebisa da sazogadoebis mier bunebrivi resursebis martvis, kanonita da sazogadoebrivi RirebulebebiT dakisrebuli valdebulebis Sesrulebis SefasebisaTvis. monitoringis upiratesobani sakutari misiis Sesasruleblad bevri arasamtavro organizacia awarmoebs monitorings, radgan swori informaciis SegrovebiTa da sazogadoebisatvis miwodebit mat SeuZliaT gavlena iqonion mtavrobaze da samtavrobo politikaze. organizacias, romelic warmatebit awarmoebs monitorings, sul mcire Svidi saxis sargeblis mireba SeuZlia: 31

35 1. bunebrivi resursebis mdgomareobis Sefaseba; sazogadoebisa da sxva jgufebis cnobierebis asamarleblad arasamtavrobo organizacias swirdeba problemis arsisa da misi masstabis dadgena-sefaseba. aseve, monitoringis Sedegebi gansakutrebit mnisvnelovania arasamtavrobo organizaciisatvis resursebis mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad (anu izrdeba, Tu mcirdeba resursi). 2. politikuri gavlena; informacia arc Tu usasyidlod, an Tavisuflad xelmisawvdomia mattvis, visac mcire politikuri da ekonomikuri gavlena aqvt. informaciisadmi xelmisawvdomobis garese ki naklebad SesaZlebelia garemosdacvit politikaze zegavlena. monitoringi arasamtavrobo organizacias sasualebas azlevs moaxdinos bunebrivi resursebis martvis sistemis sawiroebastan Sesabamisobis Sefaseba. monitoringis Sedegad mopovebuli sando informacia mzlavri iararia arasamtavrobo organizaciisatvis Tavisi poziciis sisworis sailustraciod. 3. problemebis winaswar gatvlisa da Tavidan aridebis SesaZlebloba; arasamtavobo organizaciebs SeuZliaT monitoringi promlemis wamowris, an misi Tavidan aridebisatvis gamoiyenon. sazogadoebasi, samtavrobo struqturebsa da gadawyvetilebis mimrebta Soris gangasis atexvit arasamtavrobo organizacias zogjer SeuZlia problemis Tavidan aridebisatvis swori qmedebis provocireba. 4. damkvireblis (watchdog) statusi; warwera saxlze - ezosi avi ZaRlia", gafrtxilebaa potenciuri qurdebistvis. organizacias, romelic awarmoebs monitorings, msgavsi funqcia gaacnia. Tuki garemos xelovnurad miadga ziani, damnasavem icis, rom mas SesaZloa pasuxi moetxovos. potenciurma damnasavem SesaZloa Tavi Seikavos danasaulis Cadenisagan, misi gamoaskaravebis SiSiT. sando da gamocdili arasamtavrobo organizaciebis, mxolod arsebobamac ki SesaZloa SezRudos garemosatvis zianis askarad miyenebis faqtebi, radganac kanondamrrvevma icis, rom misi danasauli ar darceba SeuCneveli. 5. mokavsiretatvis sawiro informaciis miwodeba; bevr organizacias ara aqvs sakmarisi resursi, rata Tavad awarmoos monitoringi. informaciis urtiertgaziareba arasamtavrobo organizaciebs matebs mokavsireebs da Zalas araswori politikis winaarmdeg sabrzolvelad. 6. ariareba; ariarebis mopoveba monitoringis mwarmoebeli organizaciebis mier xdeba drota ganmavlobasi da mxolod mas Semdeg, rac xelisufleba, samrewvelo seqtori, media da mtlianad sazogadoeba ndobit ganewyoba da darwmundeba mat mier miwodebuli informaciis sisworesa da sarwiroebasi. amgvari ndobit arwurvili arasamtavrobo organizaciebi sul ufro metad xdebian informaciis wyaro. 32

36 7. TviTSefaseba. monitoringi exmareba arasamtavrobo organizaciebs, Seafason, ramdenad emsaxureba dasaxuli miznebis mirwevas mati saqmianoba da ramdenad SeuZlia mas zegavlenis moxdena. monitoringis zogadi mimoxilva nebismieri monitoringis programis kredo arsebobs kargi monitoringis otxi ZiriTadi maxasiatebeli: 1. gqondet nateli warmodgena imaze, ris monitorings awarmoebt da ristvis; 2. awarmoet monitoringi martivad da usualod; 3. moipovet sando da miukerzoebeli informacia, romlis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia cvlilebis mirwevisatvis; da 4. gaaxmovanet Sedegebi zegavlenis mosaxdenad. sxvadasxva monitoringis programis detalebi, ra Tqma unda, gansxvavebulia, radganac programa unda daigegmos konteqstis gatvaliswinebit da amis zusti recepti ar arsebobs. ra aris monitoringi? monitoringis Sesaxeb uamravi literatura arsebobs da Sesabamisad, arsebobs am mcnebis arsit erti, magram gansxvavebuli formulirebis ganmarteba. am saxelmzrvanelosi, warmogidgent monitorigis sazogadod mirebul ganmartebas, romlis mixedvitac, "monitoringi aris garemo pirobebis cvlilebis da/an raime saqmianobis miznis misarwevad progresis SefasebisaTvis, ganmeorebadi dakvirvebis Sedegad mopovebuli informaciis Segroveba da analizi". es aris specifiuri sakitxisadmi drota ganmavlobasi Tvalyuris devnebis procesi. am ganmartebis Tanaxmad, monitoringi: 1. aris mravaljeradi gadamowmebis procesi; 2. amowmebs/zomavs specifiuri sakitxis sxvadasxva aspeqts; 3. amowmebs/zomavs miznebtan mimartebasi mirweul progress; da 4. axmovanebs Sedegebs, rata sworad warimartos saqmianoba. monitoringi aris konkretul sakitxze fokusirebuli monacemebis Segroveba, konkretul kitxvebze pasuxis gasacemad. arafokusirebuli monitoringi resursebisa da drois fuwi xarjvaa. monitoringi da mastan dakavsirebuli qmedebebi xsirad, sxvadasxva saxelmzrvanelosi monitoringis" satauris qves mteli rigi qmedebebi arasworad aris gaertianebuli. mati magalitebi warmodgenilia qvemot. zogierti matgani SesaZloa 33

37 adeqvaturi iyos calkeul SemTxvevaSi, magram ertdulad yvela ar aris sawiro warmatebuli monitoringisatvis. bunebrivi pirobebis Seswavla gulisxombs mocemuli teritoriisa da resursis safuzvlian biologiur da ekologiur Seswavlas. romelime teritoriis aseti Seswavlis Sedegebi da konservaciuli mnisvneloba, SesaZloa gaxdes monitoringis safuzveli, magram amgvari kvlevebi ar aris igive, rac monitoringi. kvleva moicavs samecniero da SesaZloa eqsperimentul samusaos movlenata mizez-sedegobriobis" dasadgenad. bunebrivi pirobebis Seswavlis msgavsad, kvleva SesaZloa gaxdes mnisvnelovani safuzveli da dasabuteba monitoringis programis detalebisatvis, magram es kvlavac ar iqneba monitoringi. inventarizacia aris saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis, an resursis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, monacemta ertjeradi Segroveba. inventarizacia xsirad sawiroa monitoringis sawyis, dagegmvis stadiaze, radgan misi sasualebit ganisazrvreba momavalsi cvlilebis dadgenisatvis Sesadarebeli monacemebi. ganmeorebadi inventarizacia SesaZloa ganixilebodes, rogorc monitoringi. ganxorcielebis monitoringi aris informaciis Segroveba qmedebis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb, anu Sesrulda Tu ara arebuli valdebuleba qmedebis Sesrulebis Taobaze. es aris SedarebiT advili kvleva, radganac xdeba mxolod imis dadgena ganxorcielda Tu ara qmedeba. arsebobs sami msgavsi tipis monitoringi, romelsac iyeneben arasamtavrobo organizaciebi zemoqmedebis Sesafaseblad: fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi, cvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringi da zrvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi. fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi zomavs/afasebs monitoringis obieqtis statuss, rata dadgindes misi mudmivi, normaluri" mdgomareoba. fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi xsirad xorcieldeba dagegmili saqmianobis (mag. kasxlis msenebloba, xe-tyis intensiuri Wra) Sedegad gamowveuli cvlilebis dokumentirebisatvis. fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi Zalzed mnisvnelovania resursebis racionaluri martvisatvis da mtavrobebisatvis, romlebic axorcieleben ganvitarebis proeqtebs; magram arasamtavrobo organizaciebisatvis, rogorc wesi, es aris Tanxisa da drois araefeqturi xarjva. aseti kvlevebi moklebulia natel, specifiur mizans da Sesabamisad, advilad ar transformirdeba raime zegavlenasi. umjobesia, ganisazrvros raime specifiuri mizani da fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi daigegmos am miznis misarwevad. miuxedavad yovelive arnisnulisa, ar SeiZleba fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringis mnisvnelobis ugulebelyofa, radgan 34

38 sxvis mier Catarebuli fonuri mdgomareobis monitoringi xsirad adgens normalur" an bunebriv" (gare zemoqmedebamdel) bilogiur macveneblebs, romlebic Rirebulia arasamtavrobo organizaciebisatvis rogorc zrvruli macveneblebi SemdgomSi cvlilebis dasadgenad. cvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringi cvlilebis/tendenciis monitoringi gamoiyeneba resursis cvlilebis Sesafaseblad. izrdeba Tu mcirdeba resursis sxvadasxva maxasiateblebis macveneblebi da ras ambobs es macveneblebi resursis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb? situacia umjobesdeba Tu uaresdeba? aris Tu ara cvlileba, an cvlilebis tendencia. resursis mdgomareobis Sefasebis es midgoma warmoadgens efeqtur ilustracias, Tumca moitxovs didi raodenobis monacemebis flobas suratis Sesaqmnelad. zrvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi zrvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi adarebs monitoringis Sedegebs winaswar gatvlil/dagegmil macveneblebs. zrvruli mdgomareobis monitoringi gansakutrebit efeqturad gamoiyeneba rodesac zrvruli macveneblebi winaswar gatvlilia racionaluri an mecnieruli gansjis safuzelze. calkeuli dakvirvebebi SesaZloa gamoyenebuli iqnes arsebuli mdgomareobis mizantan Sesadareblad. ase magalitad, zrvruli mdgomareobis macvenebeli SeiZleba iyos SeTanxmeba erovnuli parkis damxmare zonasi mcxovreb mosaxleobastan, imis Sesaxeb, rom isini wlis ganmavlobasi mowrian meoradi tyis 2%-ze naklebs da ar ganaxorcielben Wrebs pirvelad tyesi. Tuki Tqveni organizacia armoacens, rom mowrilia 2%-ze meti, Tqven geqnebat safuzveli amtkicot, rom mosaxleoba ar martavs resurss SeTanxmebisamebr. igive midgoma SesaZloa gamoyenebul iqnes industriuli kompaniebis an mtavrobis valdebulebebis mimart. monitoringis proeqtebi da programebi calkeuli monitoringis proeqti mimartulia konkretuli mnisvnelobis sakitxze. erti an meti monitoringis proeqti qmnis monitoringis programas. monitoringis programa igegmeba raime farto sakitxtan mimartebasi, romelic SesaZloa ukavsirdebodes arasamtavrobo organizaciis misiis ganacxads. monitoringis proeqti fokusirebulia monacemta Segrovebaze farto sakitxis ert-ert komponentze. ase magalitad, monitoringis programa SesaZloa miznad isaxavdes Seafasos erovnuli parkis biomravalferovnebis statusi, ekosistemis sijansarisatvis arsebuli safrtxe da parkis martvis efeqturoba. 35

39 am miznis misarwevad uamravi proeqtis ganxorcielebaa sawiro: (1) fonuri informaciis Segroveba parksi biomravalferovnebisa da resursebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb; (2) resursebis mopovebis (aralegaluri nadiroba, xe-tyis Wra) masstabis Sefaseba; (3) ekoturizmis ganvitarebis donisa da zegavlenis Sefaseba - vizitorebis raodenobis dadgena, mat mier gamoyenebuli bilikebis mdgomareobis Sefaseba, narcenebis dagrovebisa da gantavsebis sasualebebis arsebobis dadgena da a.s. warmatebis gazomva monitoringis programa da monitoringis proeqtic moicavs komponentis - Sesrulebis xarisxis Sefaseba", romelic gulisxmobs proeqtis an programis efeqturobis Sida Sefasebas, anu warmatebit vasrulebt Tu ar Cvens samusaos. amgvari Sefaseba Sedgeba otxi ZiriTadi komponentisagan, an kitxvisagan: 1. warmatebit ganvaxorcilet Tu ara monitoringi? anu, ise rogorc es iyo dagegmili; 2. movicavit Tu ara winaswar gatvlili samizne jgufebi? magalitad, darigda Tu ara bukletebis sakmarisi raodenoba yvela sofelsi? gavida Tu ara radiogadacemebi etersi? daiwera da gavrcelda Tu ara angarisi? 3. iyo Tu ara komunikacia efeqturi? gaumjobesda Tu ara mdgomareoba? 4. da yvelaze mnisvnelovania, Seicvala Tu ara resursis konservacia Cveni qmedebis Sedegad? Semcirda an armoifxvra Tu ara destruqciuli saqmianoba? umjobesdeba Tu ara resursis mdgomareoba? Sesrulebis xarisxis Sefaseba mnisvnelovania rogorc calkeuli proeqtisatvis aseve mteli programisatvis. monitoringis gegmasi miznebis dasaxvis mnisvneloba monitoringis mizans unda hqondes Semdegi maxasiateblebi: 1. miznebis dasaxvisas unda daefuznot amocanas sasurveli miznis misarwevad. mizani ar unda iyos idealuri, magram unda iyos Tqveni SefasebiT sauketeso da sawiroebis SemTxvevaSi Seicvalos; 2. mizansi unda Candes sasurveli Sedegi. natelad Camoyalibebuli mizani Rirebulia imit, rom is saxavs amocanas, romelic gasagebia mtliani jgufistvis da izleva Ria diskusiis sasualebas warmatebuli monitoringis proeqtis SeqmnisaTvis. mizani acvenebs Tu ramdenia gasaketebeli sasurveli Sedegis miarwevad; 3. ert-erti yvelaze rtuli sakitxi monitoringsi aris codna, Tu rodis unda gacerde. miznis mirwevisas nateli xdeba, warmatebuli iyo Tu ara Cveni saqmianoba; aqedan gamomdinare, SegviZlia 36

40 gadavidet Semdeg proeqtze, Tu sawiroa damatebiti qmedeba, sanam resursis mdgomareobam kritikul zrvars miarwia; 4. natlad Camoyalibebuli mizani dagexmarebat situaciis simzafris gansazrvrasi da Sesabamisad dagexmarebat proeqtisatvis sawiro resursebis dadgenasi. miznebis kargad Camoyalibeba monitoringis procesis ert-erti, SesaZloa, umnisvnelovanesi etapia. miznebi unda iyos realisturi, specifiuri, gazomvadi da natlad Camoyalibebuli. mizani ar unda iyos orazrovani an bundovani. mati sizliere gamomdinareobs mati specifiurobidan. Semowmeba da indikatorebi mraval gadawyvetilebatagan ert-erti, monitoringis dagegmvisas aris imis gadawyveta Tu ras vamowmebt. mas Semdeg rac Tqven gansazrvret monitorigis danisnuleba vtqvat, mocemul teritoriaze xe-tyis Wris moculoba Tqven gaqvt ori arcevani: (1) usualod gazomot Wris moculoba, an (2) amoirciot Wris indikatori an SefardebiTi macvenebeli". Wragavlil tyesi SegviZlia davtvalot mowrili xeebis raodenoba, an Tuki es SeuZlebelia, ganvsazrvrot" Wris intensivoba satvirto manqanebis datvlit. ra Tqma unda, satvirto manqanebis raodenobis Wris intensivobis dasadgenad indikatorad gamoyenebis siswore damokidebulia satvirto manqanebis raodenobasa da xe-tyis Wras Soris arsebul kavsirze. igive exeba yvela indikators indikatorebi frtxilad unda SevarCioT! maralxarisxiani da sando informacia ndoba - arasamtavrobo organizaciis reputaciisatvis umtavresi faqtoria da moipoveba drota ganmavlobasi sazogadoebistvis sando informaciis mopovebis gzit. arasamtavrobo organizaciis nebismieri mtkicebis safuzveli unda iyos samdo monacemebi. obieqturi, miukerzoebeli da damtkicebadi analizi da sazogadoebisatvis Sedegebis sworad miwodeba ert-erti umnisvnelovanesi pirobaa arasamtavrobo organizaciis warmatebisatvis. 37

41 monitoringis proeqtis etapebi arasamtavrobo organizaciebs ar aqvt imis fufuneba, rom fuwad daxarjon TavianTi resursebi cudad dagegmil an ganxorcielebul monitoringis proeqtebze Tanxebi SezRudulia, TanamSromelTa raodenobac mcirea da repurataciac gafrtixilebas sawiroebs. proeqtis cudi dagegmarebis Sedegad SesaZloa ziani miadges bunebriv resursebs romelta dasacavadac iqmneba proeqti, daikargos sasargeblo informaciis Segrovebis SesaZlebloba da Seilaxos arasamtavrobo orgaizaciis reputacia. am safrtxeebis Tavidan asacileblad gtavazobt sam etaps monitoringis warmatebuli proeqtisatvis: I etapi: dagegmareba 1. gaaketet monaxazi, romelic asaxavs proeqtis danisnulebas, samizne jgufebs, miznebs da amocanebs; 2. SearoveT informacia da masalebi (fonuri monacemebis codnisatvis); 3. gadawyvitet ras amowmebt da ra indikatorebis mixedvit; 4. gansazrvret metodologia, masstabis, indikatorebis, monacemebis Segrovebis metodebisa da analizis metodebis CaTvliT; 5. gamocadet metodebi (CaatareT sacdeli testi); 6. CamoayalibeT komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebisa da gamoyenebis) starategia; 7. datvalet xarjebi. II etapi: ganxorcieleba 1. SeagroveT monacemebi; 2. daaxarisxet monacemebi Tematurad; 3. gaaketet Sedegebis analizi. III etapi: komunikacia/sedegebis gaxmovaneba 1. amoirciet Tqveni samizne jgufebi; 2. gadawyvitet rogor miawvdinot xma da gavlena iqoniot samizne jgufebze. imisatvis, rom daiwyot monitoringis meore raundi, daubrundit II etaps da gaimeoret cikli. an Tuki metodebi ar musaobs, daubrundit I etaps axali gegmis Sesadgenad da SeasworeT metodologiuri problemebi. sabolood, Tuki SeasruleT monitoringis proeqtis miznebi da amocanebi, SewyviteT monitoringi da gaaxmovanet Sedegebi. Semdeg gadainacvlet sxva saqmianobaze. winaswar dagegmet proeqtis yvela faza, yvelaze cudi scenaris" CaTvliT. Tumca, ganxorcielebis processi, yvelaze frtxili 38

42 da detaluri dagegmvis miuxedavadac, SesaZloa, Tavi icinos gautvaliswinebelma problemebma. dagegmvis etapze SerCeuli metodebis testireba/gamocda mnisvnelovnad amcirebs problemebis raodenobas ganxorcielebis etapze, magram es yoveltvis ar aris SesaZlebeli. amitom yoveltvis mzad unda iyot SeasworoT gegmebi da SecvaloT kursi rodesac rarac ar musaobs". 39

43 monitoringis proeqtis I etapi: dagegmareba dagegmareba warmatebis winapirobaa. dagegmarebis mesveobit Tqven airidebt problemebs da isargeblebt mravali SesaZleblobiT, romelic sxva SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa ar gamovlindes. dagegmarebis procesi gvexmareba proeqtis konceptualuri etapidan (risi mirweva gsurt) speciur etapze (rogor mivarwiot) gadasvlasi da proeqtis monawiletatvis nateli mititebebis micemasi. dagegmarebis procesis dasasruls, Tqven unda gqondet detaluri samoqmedo gegma. monitoringis proeqtis danisnuleba, samizne jgufebi da miznebi monitoringis proeqtis danisnulebis gansazrvra danisnulebis gansazrvra aris pirveli nabiji nebismieri monitoringis qmedebisatvis, romelic SemdgomSi gansazrvravs mtlianad monitoringis programis arss. miaqciet yuradreba, rom monitoringis danisnuleba iyos martivad arsaqmeli, specifiuri da mirwevadi. gaitvaliswinet, rom rogorc wesi, danisnuleba aris qmedeba, an cvlileba, romelic ganxorcieldeba sxvis mier. ase magalitad, minitoringis danisnuleba SeiZleba iyos saxelmwifo uwyebebis qcevis Secvla, mompovebeli kompaniebis gaumjobesebuli menejmenti, an adgilobrivi mosaxleobis Semosavlebis zrda. samizne jgufis gansazrvra mas Semdeg, rac Tqven gansazrvret monitoringis danisnuleba, unda gansazrvrot samizne jgufebi. amisatvis Tqven unda gadawyvitot, Tu visze gsurt gavlenis moxdena; vis aqvs Zalaufleba Caerios da gamoiwvios cvlileba, romelic dagexmarebodat Tqveni miznis mirwevasi; savaraudod, vin gamoiyenebda Tavis Zalauflebas Tqvens sasargeblod. samizne jgufi SesaZloa iyos farto sazogadoeba, samecniero wre, saertasoriso safinanso institutebi, adgilobrivi mosaxleoba, sxva arasamtavrobo organizaciebi, media, politikosebi, saxelmwifo moxeleebi da mewarmeebi. monitoringis programebis umetesobas ramdenime samizne jgufi hyavs. qvemot, ixilavt dawvrilebit informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SearCioT samizne jgufebi da miawvdinot mat xma. miznebis gansazrvra monitoringis miznebis gansazrvra dagexmarebat dagegmvis processi gadawyvitot Tu ra saxis monacemebi gwirdebat situaciis dokumentirebisatvis da samizne jgufisatvis monitoringis danisnulebis dasabutebasi. 40

44 fonuri informaciis codna Semdegi nabiji aris arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciisa da masalebis Segroveba. miuxedavd imisa, rom Tqven, ra Tqma unda, geqnebat garkveuli codna arsebuli mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, sawiroa damatebit moipovot specifiuri informacia, romelic dagexmarebat monitoringis programis dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebasi. es informacia sasualebas mogcemt amoirciot Sesatyvisi strategia monacemta SegrovebisaTvis, sworad SearCioT samizne jgufebi da SeityoT problemata Sesaxeb, romelta arideba sawyis etapzevea SesaZlebelia swori dagegmvis Sedegad. arsebobs winaswari informaciis mopovebis xuti wyaro: 1. adre Segrovebuli monacemebi, sacdeli kvlevebis CaTvliT; 2. gamoqveynebuli nasromebi, wignebi, xelnawerebi; 3. sxva eqspertebis gamocdileba; 4. dainteresebul mxareebtan interviuebi; 5. piradi gamocdileba da intuicia. SeecadeT fonuri informaciis Segrovebisas gamoiyenot informaciis wyaros farto speqtri, magalitad, interviuebi xelisuflebisa da kompaniebis warmomadgenlebtan, adgilobriv mosaxleobastan, adgilze vizitebi, sagazeto statiebi, dargobrivi Jurnalebi, martvis gegmebi, garemosdacviti kvlevebi, iuridiuli wignebi da nebismieri sxva wyaro, romelic mogcemt Sesatyvis informacias. fonuri informaciis mopovebisatvis gamosaziebeli sakitxebis magalitebia: resursis ekologia, misi gamoyenebis istoria, resursis mimdebare teritoriaze mcxovrebi mosaxleobis socialuri mdgomareoba; resurstan kavsirsi arsebuli saxelmwifo politika da kanonmdebloba, sasamartlo saqmeebis CaTvliT; kompaniis mier wardgenili martvis gegmebi da/an garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebebi; resursis ekonomikuri Rirebuleba; kompaniis istoria da reputacia; partniori organizaciebis Zlieri da susti mxareebi monitoringis ganxorcielebisatvis; kulturuli da enobrivi barieri adgilobriv mosaxleobasa da kompanias Soris; monitoringis sxvadasxva metodebi, im metodebis CaTvliT, romlebic warsulsi iyo gamoyenebuli am resursis mimart; resursit sargeblobis gaumjobesebisatvis adre warmatebit gamoyenebuli midgomebi. monitoringis programis dagegmvisas, SeZlebisdagvarad gaitvaliswinet potenciuri SesaZleblobebi. es SeiZleba iyos politikuri SesaZleblobebi, rogoricaa politikuri debatebi konkretuli resursis gamoyenebaze; universitetebis /insititutebis 41

45 Tbilisis, an adgilobrivi filialebis studentebi, romeltac swirdebat arasamtavro organizaciasi msgavsi samusaos gamocdileba; an donorebi, romlebic dainteresebulni arian monitorigis SedegebSi. fonuri informaciis Segrovebisas, aseve, SesaZloa armoacinot sakitxebi, romlebmac ganapirobos monitoringis programis cvlileba. gansazrvret gazomvadi indikatorebi Tavidanve unda gadawyvitot, ra indikatorebi unda SeafasoT. isini pirdapir gamomdinareoben winaswar gansazrvruli monitoringis miznebidan. amoirciet rac SeiZleba martivad gazomvadi indikatorebi, romelic SemdgomSi iqneba advilad gasaanalizebeli da sazogadoebisatvis gasagebi. zogierti kvleva, SesaZloa, mxolod ert indikators eyrdnobodes, zogi ki ramodenimes Sesaxeb moitxovdes informaciis flobas. umjobesia, SeagrovoT informacia rac SeiZleba meti gazomvadi indikatoris Sesaxeb, romlebic ertad upasuxeben Tqvens kitxvas. saboloo jamsi, is, Tu ra cvladebs gazomavt da ra metodebit, damokidebulia dasmul amocanaze da xelmisawdom resursebze. mza recepti amistvis ar arsebobs. qvemot ixilet tyis aralegaluri Wris monitoringisatvis zogierti arasamtavrobo organizaciis mier gamoyenebuli indikatorebi. indikatori midgoma areali masstabi sizuste mizani vizitebi im adgilebsi, sadac mosalodnelia Wra ukanono morebis sawyobebi ar arsebobdes ukanono morebis sawyobebi dokumentebi, romlebic mowmoben, rom morebi gaiyida nebartbis garese, an vadagasuli nebartvit aralegalurad mowrili xe-tyit datvirtuli satvirto manqanebi dokumentebis mopoveba ramdenime ZiriTad marsrutze metvalyureobis daweseba da manqanebis datvla ar xorcieldebodes Wra Sesabamisi dokumentaciis garese 5 wlis ganmavlobasi aralegalurad mowrili xe-tyis transportirebis 50% Semcireba monitoringis programebis umetesobas aqvs martivi indikatorebi da gazomvis metodebi. imas, Tu ra indikatorebs aircevt da ris gazomvas gadawyvett, gansakutrebuli mnisvneloba eniweba Tqveni Semdgomi gadawyvetilebebisatvis, romelic Seexeba monacemta Segrovebis metodebs, masstabsa da analizs. 42

46 monacemta Segrovebis metodebi arsebobs monacemta Segrovebis uamravi gza: Jurnalisturi an deteqtiuri gamozieba, administraciuli Canawerebis mopoveba, teritoriis garemosdacviti Sefaseba, aerofoto gadarebebi, an satelituri gamosaxulebebi da sxva. calkeuli proeqtisatvis Sesatyvisi metodis SerCeva damokidebulia iset faqtorebze, rogorebicaa: proeqtis mizani, TanamSromelTa gamocdileba, partnior organizaciata arseboba, fasi, dro, monacemta sizustis sawiro done da samusao pirobebi. am faqtorebis gatvaliswinebit SerCeuli monacemta Segrovebis metodi uzrunvelyofs Tqveni samusaos warmatebas. qvemot warmogidgent monacemta Segrovebis ramdenime ZiriTad jgufs. gamozieba am saxelmzrvanelosi gamozieba gansazrvrulia, rogorc monitoringis metodi, romelic monacemta SegrovebisaTvis iyenebs: 1. Jurnalisturi an deteqtiuri gamoziebis gzebs; 2. interviuebs moqalaqeebtan an saxelmwifo uwyebis warmomadgenlebtan, romlebic floben saxelmwifo informacias; 3. farul qmedebebs sensitiuri an daculi informaciis mosapoveblad zogiert vitarebasi gamozieba yvelaze efeqturi sasulebaa monacemta SegrovebisaTvis, gansakutrebit iq, sadac politikuri da socialuri situacia ar aris Ria. monitoringis programis sawiroebasa da politikur situaciazea damokidebuli, is, Tu gamoziebis romel metods gamoiyenebt. gamozieba, iseve rogorc monitoringis yvela metodi, gansakutrebit efeqturia, roca gamoiyeneba cvlilebis tendenciis sacveneblad. gamomzieblebi" agroveben da dokumentirebas uketeben Znelad xelmisawvdom informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rodis, sad, vis mier da rogor ganxorcielda saqmianoba. isini informaciis mosapoveblad iyeneben interviuebs, dakvirvebebs, fotografirebas, videogadarebebs. sajarod Znelad xelmisawvdomi dokumentebis misarebad zogjer faruli, an gamogonili fsevdonimit qmedebac warmatebis momtania. bevri saxelmwifo moxele, an romelime kompaniis TanamSromeli ukmayofiloa da mtkivneulad ganicdis misi organizaciis araketilsindisier saqmianobas an cud martvas. aseti adamianebi SesaZloa Rirebuli informaciis wyaro iyvnen. imis gamo, rom gamoziebis sasualebit Cven, rogorc wesi, vcdilobt movipovot informacia, romelic dafarulia xelisuflebis an kompaniis mier, es saqmianoba SesaZloa safrtxis Semcveli iyos, miuxedavad imisa, rom ar varrvevdet kanons. amitom, yoveltvis yuradrebit unda adevnot Tvali gamoziebis process, rata aicilot safrtxis Semcveli 43

47 situaciebi. gamomzieblebi" yoveltvis mzad unda iyvnen msgavsi situaciebisatvis, kargad icodnen kanonis motxovnebi da icavdnen mat. aseve, gavlili unda hqondet specialuri swavleba safrtxis Semcveli situaciebis amocnobisa da mati Tavidan aridebisatvis. bevri arasamtavrobo organizacia iyenebs adgilobrivi mosaxleobis gamokitxvis metods. xsirad, magram ara yoveltvis, es sauketeso gzaa adgilobrivi bunebrivi resursebit sargeblobis Sesaxeb informaciis mosapoveblad. informaciis meoradi wyaroebi arasamtavrobo organizaciebis umetesoba garkveul wilad iyenebs informaciis meorad wyaroebs monitoringis ganxorcielebisas. xelisuflebis da kompaniebis saqmianobis amsaxveli dokumentacia, aseve gazetebi, statistikuri krebulebi, interneti, samecniero da dargobrivi samecniero-populariuli Jurnalebi da sxva mravalgvari wyaro zogjer sakmaod Rirebulia monitoringis programis dawyebistvis da zogjer swored es informacia xdeba monitoringis programis safuzveli. meoradi wyaroebi organizacias ramdenime saxis upiratesobas aniwebs: daufaravi monacemebi xsirad Rirebuli informaciis wyaroa, aseti monacemebi gazlevt mimartulebas da xsirad monitoringis programis danisnulebasac gansazrvarven. amastanave, es wyaroebi dagegmvis, monacemta Segrovebis, analizis da Sedegebis gaxmovanebis etapebis legalur, socialur, etnikur, an garemosdacvit konteqsts ganapirobeben. meoradi wyaroebis gamoyeneba ufro advilia im qveynebsi, sadac informaciaze xelmisawvdomoba kanonitaa uzrunvelyofili, xolo kanoni daculi. aseve gamokvlevebisatvis sawiro meoradi wyaroebi SeiZleba iyos mtavrobasa da kompanias Soris dadebuli xelsekrulebebi, finansuri operaciebis Canawerebi, martvis gegmebi da ganacxadebi garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb da a.s. amgvari wyaroebi gvawvdis informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu vin aris xe-tyis Wraze momusave Svilobili kompaniebis namdvili mflobeli, sad aqvt mat Wris ufleba, waradgines Tu ara martvis gegma, yofilan Tu ara odesme dajarimebulni kanonis darrvevistvis da a.s. am dokumentebis gamotxova SesaZlebelia resursis martvaze pasuxismgebeli Sesabamisi saxelmwifo struqturebidan. miuxedavad arnisnulisa, xsirad aseti saxis informacia dafarulia da arasamtavrobo organizaciebi sxvadasxva midgomebs iyeneben mis mosapoveblad. ase magalitad, zogi amjobinebs saministros TanamSromlebTan axlo urtiertobebis damyarebas, zogi ki kompaniaze ganawyenebuli TanamSromlebisgan moipovebs informacias. aseve mnisnvnelovani informaciis meoradi wyaroa kanonmdebloba, romelic aregulirebs resursis mopovebas da gamoyenebas. velze mopovebuli informaciis Sedareba kanonmdeblobastan, romelic 44

48 aregulirebs xe-tyis Wras, aris monitoringis programebis umetesobis mtavari strategia. standartebi da wesebi, romelsac mtavroba da kompaniebi aweseben TavianTi saqmianobisatvis, aris is zrvari, romeltan SedarebiTac unda ganxorcieldes monitoringi. saertasoriso xelsekrulebebi, an savawro SeTanxmebebi, romlebic aregulireben resursis gamoyenebas da daculi teritoriebis martvas, aseve garemosdacviti rekomendaciebi resursit sargeblobisatvis, mnisvnelovani informaciis wyaroa. yvela zemotxsenebuli wyaro aris sajaro informacia da xelmisawvdomi unda iyos Sesabamis saxelmwifo uwyebasi. savele dakvirvebebi savele dakvirvebebi, ZiriTadad, gulisxmobs saqmianobis dokumentacias. es midgoma idealuria aralegaluri saqmianobis, an cudi martvis monitorigisatvis da meorad wyaroebtan ertad gamoiyeneba arasamtavrobo organizaciebis umetesobis mier. savele dakvirvebebistvis gansakutrebit mnisvnelovania darrvevebis foto dokumentireba. teritoriis ganmeorebadi Sefaseba es aris metodi, romlis drosac mkvlevarebi ganmeorebit agroveben informacias ertidaigive teritoriaze cvlilebis Sesafaseblad. sworad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, mirebul monacemebs SesaZloa samecniero da statistikuri TvalaszrisiT sandoobis sakmaod marali macvenebeli hqondes. am metodit mopovebuli informacia, SesaZloa, bevrad ufro detaluri iyos, vidre es arasamtavro organizacias swirdeba politikaze zegavlenisatvis. distanciuri zondireba / monacemta Segroveba aerofoto gadarebebis, video da satelituri gamosaxulebebis gamoyeneba SesaZloa did teritoriaze monitoringis warmoebisatvis. es sakmaod Zlieri metodebia miwis safaris cvlilebis dasafiqsireblad da sarwmunoa ilustrirebisatvis. monacemta zondirebis teqnika moitxovs specialur swavlebas da sakmaod Zviria. distanciuri zondirebis monacemebi, gansakutrebit ki satelituri monacemebi, ar aris yvelastvis xelmisawvdoni, magram is SeiZleba iyos SesaniSnavi sasualeba Tuki arasamtavrobo organizacias aqvs Sesabamisi resursebi gamosaxulebebis mirebisa da Sedegebis damusavebisatvis. arsebobs monacemta distanciuri Segrovebis ori ZiriTadi saxe: gamosaxulebata (1) TviTmfrinavis (aero) da (2) satelitis sasualebit mireba. aero monacemebi, rogorc wesi, efuzneba vizualur, fotografiul an video monacemebs. satelituri monacemebi SesaZloa aseve iyos fotografiuli, magram, Cveulebriv, mati sasulebit izomeba dedamiwis zedapiridan areklili radiacia. eleqtromagnituri 45

49 speqtris (mag. cisferi, mwvane, witeli, infrawiteli) sxvadasxva zonebsi areklili radiaciis odenoba sxvadasxva teritoriaze vegetaciis statusis dadgenis sasualebas izleva. aero gadarebebis gamoyeneba bevrad meti sivrcis Sesaxeb izleva monacemebis Segrovebis SesaZleblobas, vidre savele dakvirvebebi; xolo satelituri gamosaxulebebi bevrad ufro informaciulia. da radganac msoflios TiTqmis yvela wertilze dakvirveba permanentulad mimdinareobs, Tqven SegiZliaT ubralod iyidot TqvenTvis saintereso teritoriis satelituri gamosaxuleba. idealur SemTxvevaSi, monacemta distanciuri Segrovebis gamoyenebit kvlevis dagegmvisas, analitikosi ircevs Tu ra saxis monacemebia sawiro kvlevis miznebistvis. realobasi, ki Cven, rogorc wesi SezRudulni vart mxolod im informaciit romelic advilad xelmisawvdomia da ar aris Zviri. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, rodesac gadawyvett monacemta distanciuri Segrovebis romelime metodis gamoyenebas, darwmundit, rom Tqven gaqvt sakmarisi codna monacemta analizisatvis da mnisvnelovani daskvnebis gaketebisatvis. monacemta distanciuri Segrovebis metodis gamoyenebis dagegmvisas darwmundit, rom investicia amartlebs Sedegs. monitoringis miznebidan gamomdinare, dabalteqnologiuri midgoma SesaZloa iseve efeqturi armocndes, rogorc bevrad ufro Zviri, maralteqnologiuri da xangrzlivvadiani midgomebi, romlebic iyeneben distanciur zondirebas. metodis SerCeva mas Semdeg, rac gadawyvett ris monitorings apirebt, Semdegi nabiji aris monacemta SegrovebisaTvis metodologiis SerCeva. es gulisxobs imis gadawyvetas, Tu rogor, sad, vis mier, rodis, ra sizustit da sixsirit unda Segrovdes monacemebi. saboloo gadawyvetileba metodologiis Sesaxeb unda moicavdes Tqven xedvas monacemta analizis Sesaxeb. mnisvnelovania, rom winaswar ifiqrot monacemta analizis Sesaxeb, sanam daiwyebdet Tavad monacemta Segrovebas. gaxsovdet, rom awarmoebt monitorings rata moaxdinot movlenata dokumentireba, xolo amas aketebt imisatvis, rom waradginot angarisi da moaxdonot gavlena. amitom dagegmarebis yvela etapze warmoidginet, Tu ra iqneba saboloo Sedegi. rac SeiZleba zustad dagegmet Tu rogor moxdeba informaciis analizi da sazogadoebistvis wardgena. mas Semdeg rac gansazrvravt metods, an metodebs, gadawyvitet Tu vin gaaketebs analizs da darwmundit, rom es adamianebi TqvenTvis xelmisawvdomi iqneba sawiro dros. metodebis gamocda yoveltvis, rodesac es SesaZlebelia, CaatareT sacdeli kvleva, 46

50 rata SeafasoT ramdenad musaobs metodi. zogjer sauketeso gegmebi SesaZloa araganxorcielebadi armocndes velze, amitom amis Sesaxeb umjobesia manamde SeityoT, vidre droisa da resursebis investicias moaxdent. SeimuSaveT komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebis) strategia am etapze mnisvnelovania dagegmot komunikaciis strategia. rogor gamoiyenebt monacemebs? geqnebat, Tu ara sakmarisi informacia sarwmuno da sando angarisis warsadgenad samizne jgufisatvis. natelia, rom amis Sesaxeb winaswar sjobs fiqri. wlebis Semdeg, rodesac Tqven mixvdebit, rom sawiro iyo damatebiti monacemebis Segriveba, sakmaod gvian iqneba. SeimuSaveT biujeti gaqvt, Tu ara sakmarisi Tanxa monitoringis gegmis gansaxorcielebad? Tu ara, gegma unda Seicvalos. xolo, Tuki gegmis Secvla SeuZlebelia, an Secvlis Sedegad igi araefeqturi gaxdeba, izrunet damatebiti Tanxebis moziebistvis. am mzime realobis sxva alternativa ar arsebobs. gegmis ganxorcielebis dawyeba arasakmarisi TanxebiT yoveltvis dasruldeba 1) arasrulyofili monacemebit, da 2) usargeblo angarisebit. yoveltvis ganaxorcielet gegma, romlistvisac gaqvt sakmarisi Tanxa da airidet usargeblo mzime Sroma. monitoringis proeqtis II etapi: ganxorcieleba monitoringis gegmis Sedgenis Semdeg, unda daiyos misi ganxorcieleba. qvemot warmogidgent informacias, Tu rogor SeagrovoT monacemebi, SeinaxoT maralxarisxiani monacemebi da gaaanalizot informacia. Cven ganvixilavt im ZiriTad problemebs da sakitxebs, romlebic arelvebs mcire arasamtavrobo organizaciebs. maralxarisxiani monacemebi da Sedegebi maralxarisxiani informaciis Segrovebisa da analizis uzrunvelsayofad mnisvnelovania gansakutrebuli yuradreba dautmot TiToeul nabijs monacemta mopovebis processi. es nabijebi qvemot aris moyvanili: 1. dokumentireba gauketet dagegmil metods (anu daweret igi); 2. savele samusaos dawyebamde dagegmet gasvlebis materialurteqnikuri uzrunvelyofa; 3. SeadgineT sawiro teqnikis sia; da 47

51 4. darwmundit rom teqnika musa mdgomareobasia. monacmeta warmoebisa da analizis fazasi: 1. SeinaxeT da daaarqivet informacia ramdenime adgilze; 2. gamoiyenet Sesabamisi analizis metodika; da 3. gaaketet Sesabamisi daskvnebi. Secdomebis arideba Secdomebi Zalian mkvetrad ariqmeba Tqvens samizne jgufsi da Tqvens samusaos daudevrad an mikerzoebulad Sesrulebulis reputacias uqmnis. Secdomebi SesaZloa dasvebul iqnas nebismier etapze, dawyebuli monacemta SegrovebiT, damtavrebuli angarisis momzadebit. yuradreba unda miaqciot, rom moxdes mati gamosworeba yvela etapze. arsebobs otxi ZiriTadi tipis Secdoma. uxesi cdomileba uxesi cdomilebis tipiuri magaliti aris monacemta Cawerisas dasvebuli Secdomebi, kompiutersi monacemebis Seyvanisas dasvebuli uneblie Secdomebi, teqnikis araswori gamoyenebisas dasvebuli Secdomebi, an araswori matematikuri gamotvlebi. samwuxarod, uxesi cdomilebebi yevlaze fartod gavrcelebuli Secdomebia, magram SesaZlebelia mati Tavidan arideba frtxili da sistematiuri jvaredini gadamowmebis gzit. aucilebelia arsebobdes sistema, romelsic monacemebi sistematurad gadamowmdeba procesis sxvadasxva etapebze. TiToeuli adamiani unda awarmoebdes sakutari namusevris gadamowmebas. ufro metic, gadamowmebasi ramdenime adamiani unda monawileobdes, radganac sakitxsi gatvitcobiereba zogjer amcirebs Secdomebis danaxvis unars, amitom umjobesia gadamowmeba garese piris mier moxdes. qvemot, monacemta martvis qvetavsi, ganvixilavt gadamowmebis ramdenime sistemas. metodologiuri cdomileba metodologiuri cdomileba cudi dagegmarebis, an araswori ganxorcielebis Sedegia. magalitebi moicavs monacemta SegrovebisaTvis araswori metodis gamoyenebas, dagegmili metodis arasworad gamoyenebas, an arasesatyvisi analizis xerxis gamoyenebas. uxesi cdomilebis msgavsad, metodologiuri cdomileba SesaZloa aviridot frtxili dagegmarebita da ganxorcielebit. metodologiuri cdomilebebis arideba moitxovs specialur swavlebas imisatvis, rom velze da monacemta analizze momusave jgufebma SesZlon metodis sworad gamoyeneba. sistemuri an teqnikuri cdomileba sistemuri cdomilebebi ZiriTadad gamowveulia teqnikis gaumartaobit. am saxis cdomilebebis arideba SesaZlebelia mxolod 48

52 xelsawyoebis xsiri da frtxili kalibrirebit. SemTxveviTi cdomileba SemTxveviTi cdomileba, romelic aseve iwodeba SerCeviTi gamokvlevis cdomilebad, statistikis sagania. es gardauvali Sedegia mosaxleobis farto fenebis Sesaxeb daskvnis gasaketeblad mcire jgufis SerCevisas. Tuki Tqveni analizisatvis sawiroa statistika, aucileblad unda gaitvaliswinot SemTxveviTi cdomilebis arseboba. magalitad, SesaZloa ver davitvalot tyidan gamosuli yvela satvirto manqana. sanacvlod, vitvlit satvirto manqanebis zust raodenobas sanimuso teritoriaze da Semdeg ganvazogadebt monacemebs. gansxvaveba Cvens gamotvlebsa da zust raodenobas Soris aris SemTxveviTi, anu SerCeviTi gamokvlevis cdomileba. SemTxvevviTi cdomileba gardauvalia da statistikuri analizis standartuli nawilia. SemTxvevviTi cdomileba SeiZleba aviridot samagalito teritoriis zomis SerCevisa da SerCevis metologiis frtxilad dagegmvit. monacemta Segroveba monacemta velze Segrovebis teqnika monacemta SegrovebisaTvis teqnikis SerCeva xdeba imis da mixedvit, Tu ra saxis informaciis Segroveba gsurt. distanciuri zondirebis monacemebi, savele monacemebi, interviuebis Canawerebi da sxva saxis informacia moitxovs specifiur teqnikas. mas Semdeg, rac gadawyvett, Tu ra saxis informacia gwirdebat, unda moipovot warmatebuli magalitebi imisa, Tu rogor aketeben amas sxvebi. arsebobs velze monacemta Segrovebis sami ZiriTadi wesi. (1) dasaxet gegma da misdiet mas; (2) winaswar moamzadet Sesavsebad martivi da gamosayeneblad sasargeblo cxrilebi monacemta Sesayvanad; (3) droulad gadaweret (ganavrcet) savele Canawerebi, sanam detalebi kargad gaxsovt. monacemta Cawera monacemta velze Caweris sami sasualeba arsebobs: (1) monacemta specialur savele formebsi monacemta xelit Cawera; (2) audio da video Canawerebi; (3) portabeluri kompiuterebi. ra Tqma unda, es sasualebebi ar aris urtiertgamomricxavi da SesaZlebelia mati kombinireba ufro meti sizustisatvis. (1) monacemta savele formebi upiratesoba: monacmta savele formebi an rveulebi iafia da msubuqi; isini SesaZloa motavsdes wyalgaumtar CanTaSi da naklebad dazianebadia velze; 49

53 nakli: monacemta gadawera ofissi dabrunebisas did dros moitxovs; xelnaweri SesaZloa waisalos an gakruli xelit dawerili da Znelad wakitxvadi iyos. rcevebi savele formebis gamoyenebit monacemta Segrovebis gasaumjobeseblad: winaswar gaamzadet specialuri formebi, romlebic gagiadvilebt monacmeta Cawerisa da Semdeg Canawerebis ganvrcobis process. weret garkvevit! winasawar SeitaneT formebsi rac SeiZleba meti ukve cnobili informacia. es Seamcirebs ganmeorebiti weris sawiroebas da Secdomebis albatobas. cxrilebi: arsebobs ramdenime saxis informacia, romelic unda aisaxos proeqtis ganmavlobasi gamoyenebul yvela cxrilsi: 1. proeqtis satauri; 2. TariRi; 3. adgilmdebareoba; 4. damkvirvebelis vinaoba (adamiani an adamianebi, romlebic agroveben monacemebs); 5. dokumentis gverdebis raodenoba; 6. cxrilsi unda iyos adgili damatebiti komentarebisatvis. aseti saxis informacia aadvilebs cxrilebis gamoyenebas, rogorc Sevsebisas, aseve momavalsi gamoyenebisatvis, radganac drota ganmavlobasi, mexsierebasi sul ufro naklebi informacia gvrceba. TariRi, satauri da damkvirveblebis vinaoba, momavalsi gadamwyvetia cxrilebsi gaurkveveli Canaweris dazustebisatvis. yoveltvis ar aris SesaZlebeli srulyofili savele formis winasawar mofiqreba. xsirad sawiroa garkveuli cvlilebebis adgilze Setana an momavalsi gatvaliswineba. rogor unda gadawyvitos damkvirvebelma, Tu ra saxis informacia Seitanos cxrilsi komentaris saxit? natelia, rom cxrilebi ar unda gadaivsos damatebiti komentarebit an informaciit, romelic SesaZloa sainteresoa, magram kavsirsi ar aris proeqttan. es Zalian gaartulebs SemdgomSi monacemta interpretaciis process. amavdroulad, nebismieri komentari an dakvirveba, romelic mnisvnelovania kvlevisatvis, gansakutrebit ki informacia, romelic gavlenas iqoniebs monacemta interpretaciasa da analizze, aucileblad unda aisaxos Sesaferis grafasi. (2) audio da video Canawerebi upiratesoba: xelis magnitofonebis gamoyeneba amcirebs savele kvlebistvis sawiro monacemebis Caweris dros; 50

54 detaluri arwera SesaZloa ufro nakleb drosi Caiweros sityvierad, vidre werilobit; video Canawerebi dokumentirebis sauketeso sasualebaa da xsirad gamoiyeneba Sedegebis gaxmovanebis processi; monacemta interpretacia SesaZloa moxdes SedarebiT komfortul pirobebsi. nakli: monacemebi unda gaisifros gamoyenebamde; es aparatura ufro Zviria vidre qaraldi da swirdeba batareebi; aparati SesaZloa uecrad ise gafuwdes, rom daikargos masze arsebuli informacia, an monacemta Semdgomi Segrovebis SesaZlebloba; radganac ar arsebobs monacemta forma, romelzec SesaZloa Seuvsebeli" grafebis danaxva, zogierti kategoriis monacemi SesaZloa ver moipovo; rcevebi audio da video teqnikis gamoyenebit monacemta Segrovebis gaumjobesebisatvis: Canawerebi unda gaisifros (moxdes qaraldze gadatana) rac SeiZleba swrafad, sauketeso SemTxvevaSi velidan dabrunebistanave; Tan iqoniet carieli savele formebi, romelzec arnisnavt, Tu ra saxis informaciis Cawera gwirdebat; velze Tan iqoniet savele formebi, aparatis gaumartaobis SemTxvevaSi monacemta xelit Casawerad; isaubret garkvevit; yvela kasetaze CawereT ertidaigive sabaziso informacia; yvela kaseta daasatauret da srulad daaweret proeqtis satauri, TariRi da damkvirveblis vinaoba; periodulad gadaamowmet Cawerili masala, rata darwmundet, rom aparati gamartulad musaobs. (3) portabeluri kompiuterebi upiratesoba: ofissi monacemta ganvrcobisatvis swirdeba mcire dro; zogierti monacemi SesaZloa pirdapir Seyvanili iyos sawiro programasi; Tuki kompiteri arwurvilia navigaciisa da geoinformaciuli sistemit (GIS) SesaZlebelia adgilmdebareobis adgilze gansazrvra; nakli: portabeluri kompiuterebi sakmaod Zviria; moxmarebis dro velze SezRudulia batareebis sicocxlisunarianobis vadit; 51

55 kompiuteri SesaZloa mouxerxebeli iyos velze mzime wonisa da ekranis mcire zomis gamo; SesaZloa daziandes wvimasi moxvedrisas, mogparon an saertod CamogarTvan; rcevebi: portabeluri kompiuterebi velze umjobesia wyalgaumtari CanTiT atarot; SeecadeT periodulad gadawerot informacia sxva sasualebebze (mag. kompaqtur diskebze); Tuki SesaZlebelia, Tan iqoniet sarezervo batarea; SeimuSaveT eleqtronuli formebi monacemta swrafi CawerisaTvis. monacemta martva monitoringis programistvis mnisvnelovania Segrovebuli monacemebis frtxilad warmoeba da martva. arasesaferis adgilas Senaxuli, daviwyebuli an, rac yvelaze xsiria, cudad dokumentirebuli monacemebi sayoveltao problemaa. mnisvnelovania, rom Tqvens organizacias hqondes monacemta warmoebis procedurebi procesis yvela etapze, monacemta Segrovebidan dawyebuli saboloo dokumentis SeqmniT damtavrebuli. qvemot SemogTavazebT monacemta kompiuteruli arqivaciis ramdenime sistemas, Tumca monacemta qaraldze Senaxvac igive wesit unda xorcieldebodes. monacemta kompiutersi Setana da ofissi Senaxva monacemta kompiutersi Setana da martvis procesi SesaZloa xut etapad daiyos: 1. kompiuteruli programis SerCeva; 2. monacemta Setana, failisatvis Sesaferisi saxelis gamoyenebit; 3. monacemta dokumentireba; 4. Setanili monacemebis gadamowmeba; da 5. Seqmnili dokumentebis ramdenime aslis gaketeba da usafrtxo adgilas Senaxva. agretve mnisvnelovania velze gaketebuli Canawerebis originalebis Senaxva, rata dokumentis kompiuteruli versiis dakargvis SemTxvevaSi samusao Tavidan ar gaxdes Casatarebeli. kompiuteruli programis SerCeva teqsturi redaqtorebi (mag. e.w. maikrosoft vordi"): teqsturi redaqtorebi naklebad mosaxerxebelia monacemta SenaxvisaTvis, radganac isini ufro sityvier Sinaarszea gatvlili da naklebad gamoiyeneba ricxvebtan musaobisas. teqsturi monacemebisatvis, rogorcaa interviuebi, teqsturi redaqtorebi sauketeso arcevania. 52

56 eleqtronuli cxrilebi: maikrosoft eqseli" eleqtronuli cxrilebis programis ert-erti saxeobaa, romelic izleva cifruli an teqsturi cxrilebis advilad manipulirebis SesaZleblobas. eleqtronuli cxrilebis gamoyeneba teqsturi monacemebistvis naklebad mosaxerxebelia. am programebis mesveobit SesaZlebelia zogierti statistikuri analizis gaketeba da grafikuli gamosaxulebebis Seqmna. sivrculi analizis programebi: geoinformaciuli sistemebi (GIS) yvelaze fartod gamoyenebadi sivrculi analizis programaa. es sakmaod Zlieri, sul ufro popularuli da advilad mosaxmari programebia. misi fasi SesaZloa sakmaod didi iyos, dawyebuli ramodenime aseulidan dasrulebuli ramodenime ateuli atasi ass dolarit, Tumca es Rirebuli investiciaa. failebisatvis Sesatyvisi dasaxelebis gamoyeneba dokumentebit savse kompiutersi failisatvis Sesaferisi saxelis darqmevas didi mnisvneloba aqvs. proeqtebisa da monacemta raodenobis zrdastan ertad, daudevrad dasaxelebuli failebi, sauketeso SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa namdvil Tavis tkivilad gadaiqces, xolo uares SemTxvevaSi, monacemta dakargvit damtavrdes. yovelive arnisnulis Tavidan asarideblad: (1) SeqmeniT failebis standartuli dasaxelebis sistema da (2) monacemta failebi ganatavset individualuri proeqtebisatvis gankutvnil direqtoriebsi. monacemta dokumentireba dokumentacia unda daiwyos proeqtisa da monacemta Segrovebis metodis arwerit. monacemta Segrovebis formebi da aseve gamoyenebul metodtan dakavsirebuli nebisieri sxva informacia (kontaqtebi, TariRebi, informaciis wyaroebi) unda daarqivdes, rata SemdgomSi nebismieri gaugebrobis dros samusao jgufis wevrebs hqondet gaugebrobis wyaros dadgenis sasualeba. monacemta gadamowmeba gakruli xelit gaketebuli Canaweris kompiutersi gadatanisas SesaZloa dasvebul iqnas mnisvnelovani Secdomebi (mag. 9,9-is nacvlad 99). amitom, mas Semdeg, rac monacemebi Setanilia kompiutersi, dokumentis eleqtronuli versia aucileblad dakvirvebit unda gadamowmdes da Sedardes xelnawerebtan. monacemta dakargvisagan Tavis dacva mas Semdeg, rac monacemebs SeagrovebT, pirvel rigsi izrunet, rom yvela dokuments hqondes asli da orive varianti usafrtxo da ganxvavebul adgilze inaxebodes. aslebis Seqmnisa da Senaxvis procesi proeqtis dasrulebamde unda grzeldebodes, xolo proqtis dasrulebis Semdeg yvela saboloo dokumenti, masalebi da procesis 53

57 arwera unda daarqivdes usafrtxo adgilze. monacemta gaziareba garda imisa, rom Tqveni monacemebi usafrtxod unda iyos Senaxuli, unda izrunot, rom isini sxvebistvisac gaxdes xelmisawvdomi. amit mnisvnelovnad gazrdit Tqvens mier warmoebuli monitoringis gavlenas. kompiuteruli failebi dokumentacia, romelic gsurt, rom sxvebsac gauziarot, aucileblad unda akmayofilebdes strandartul parametrebs (mag. failis moculoba ar unda iyos didi, ar sawiroebdes damatebiti fontebis an programebis gamoyenebas da a.s.). interneti interneti monacemebis da masze dafuznebuli angarisebis gavrcelebis sauketeso sasualebaa. imis gamo, rom drota ganmavlobasi internet-gverdebis Seqmna Zalze gaadvilda, informaciis gacvla internetis mesveobit sul ufro popularuli xdeba. organizaciuli qselebi saerto interesebis mqone organizaciebis qseli SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi sasuleba iyos informaciis, gamocdilebisa da politikuri zegavlenis gavrcelebisatvis. monacemta analizi efeqturi samonitoringo kvlevis dagegmva da ganxorcileba sakmaod Sromatevadi samusaoa. Tumca mxolod cifrebi arafris mtqmelia, sanam isini ar gaanalizdeba da ar gaketdeba Sesabamisi daskvnebi. mnisvnelovania, rom daskvnebi obieqturi da gamwirvale analizis metodebis gamoyenebit gaketdes. am saxelmzravnelosi ganvixilavt monacemta otx farto jgufs: intervius monacemebs; foto, an sxvagvarad xarisxobriv monacemebs; raodenobriv ekologiur monacemebs; da distanciuri zondirebit mopovebul monacemebs. am saxis monacemebis analizisatvis arsebobs otxi saxis analitikuri midgoma: 1. arweriti (dokumenturi) analizi (interviuebisa da fotomasalistvis); 2. grafikuli analizi; 3. statistikuri analizi; da 4. rukaze datana. arweriti analizi interviebi, fotoebi da sxva xarisxobrivi monacemebi Sesaferisi 54

58 masalaa arweriti analizistvis. aseti saxis analizs motxrobis msgavsi forma aqvs. kargad warmodgenili arweriti analizi SesaZloa sakmaod damajerebeli iyos. arweriti analizi gansakutrebit sasargebloa, rodesac sawiroa sfecifiuri situaciis fartod gaxmovaneba. magalitad, situacia, rodesac irrveva kanoni, romelic krzalavs garkveul teritoriebze tyis Wras. interviuebidan, an fotomasalebidan mirebuli informaciis sasualebit, SesaZloa darrvevis winaarmdeg sazogadoebis mxardaweris mopoveba. arweriti analizisas fotoebi SesaZloa ori gzit iqnas gamoyenebuli. pirveli: fotoebi SesaZloa gamoviyenot aralegaluri an akrzaluli qmedebis dokumentirebisatvis. samxilebad fotoebis gamoyeneba damokidebulia mat sandoobaze. amitom, yoveltvis, rodesac es SesaZlebelia, TariRi da adgilmdebareoba unda aisaxebodes Tavad fotoze. amjamad, ukve fartod aris gavrcelebuli navigaciisa da mdebareobis gansazrvris sistemit arwurvili fotoaparatebi, romelta am funqciis aqtivaciis Sedegad, mimdinare TariRi da adgilmdebareoba avtomaturad ibewdeba fotoze. aset fotoaparatebs xelmisawvdomi fasi aqvt da sakmaod kargi investiciaa monitoringis programebisatvis. meore: fotoebis seria SesaZloa gamoviyenot habitatis cvlilebis dokumentirebisatvis, gansakutrebit Tu es cvlileba mnisvnelovania. habitatis mciredi cvlileba SesaZloa moitxovdes usualo gazomvebs, xolo ufro didi cvlilebebi SesaZloa advilad dokumentirebul iqnas fotoebit. magalitad, Tqven SegiZliaT pirwminda Wrebis demonstrireba manamde da Semdeg" fotoebis gamoyenebit. zemot ganxiluli TariRisa da adgilmdebareobis macveneblebi aseve gamoyenebul unda iqnes aset SemTxvevaSi. Tuki manamde" fotoebi ar arsebobs, aset SemTxvevaSi unda gamoiyenot satelituri gamosaxulebebi, romelic adasturebs Wrebamde iq tyis arsebobas. grafikuli analizi fotosurati sakmaod damajerebeli dokumentia. amitom, gircevt mastan ertad gamoiyenot analizis strategia, romelic moicavs grafikebs da ricxvebs. gansakutrebit sasargebloa grafikuli analizi, romelic iyenebs Sedarebebs mdgomareobis sacveneblad. zogierti organizacia iyenebs am teqnikas, rata acvenos, sxva qveynebtan SedarebiT ramdenad cudad xorciledeba mattan esa Tu is garemosdacviti qmedeba. xarisxobrivi monacmebis grafikuli analizi yoveltvis rekomendirebulia, masinac ki, rodesac Tqven gegmavt damatebit statistikuri analizis ganxorcielebas. amitom, grafikuli programebis SeZebna kargi investicia nebismieri arasamtavrobo organizaciisatvis. 55

59 statistikuri analizi is, Tu ra tipis statistikur analizs gamoiyenebt, unda gadawyvitot samonitoringo kvlevis dagegmvis sawyis etapze. calkeuli statistikuri analizis metodis efeqturoba damokidebulia monacemta raodenobasa da magalitebis maxasiateblebze. Tuki sawiro informacia arasakmarisi raodenobitaa mopovebuli, analizi SeuZlebeli xdeba. ase magalitad, variaciuli analizi, romelic ikvlevs gadaxras sasualo monacemebidan da fartod gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva jgufebis Sesadareblad, ar SeiZleba ganxorcieldes erti dakvirvebis Sedegad TiToeul jgufze. praqtikasi amisatvis sul mcire 10 dakvirvebaa sawiro. Tuki es SezRudvebi winaswar ar iqna gansazrvruli, araefeqturi monacemebi SeuZlebels xdis analizis gaketebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom statistikuri analizi ar aris kosmosuri fizikis msgavsi mecniereba, igi moitxovs specialur unarebsa da codnas. amitom, statistikuri analizis ganxorcielebisatvis, gircevt yoveltvis mimartot specialistebs. sivrciti analizi sivrciti analizi iyenebs monacemebs dedamiwis zedapiris, miwisqvesa nawilisa da atmosferos bunebrivi da politikuri kanonzomierebebis Sesaxeb. sivrciti analizisas gamoiyeneba socioekonomikuri, politikuri da fizikuri maxasiateblebi. rogorc es monacemta martvis qvetavsi iyo ganxiluli, arasamtavrobo organizaciebis umetesoba sivrciti analizisatvis geoinformaciul sistemebs iyeneben. geoinformaciuli sistemebi izleva sxvadasxva sivrcit monacemebs Soris kavsiris asaxvis, mati Sedarebisa da analizis SesaZleblobas tyis tipi, miwis mflobeloba, mosaxleobis simwidrove, politikuri sazrvrebi, gzebi, navtobsadenebi, mineraluri depozitebi da a.s. drois ganmavleobasi sxvadasxva elementebze dakvirveba miwis safaris cvlilebis tendenciis da misi sxva elementebtan kavsiris analizis SesaZleblobas izleva. am saxis analizis produqti SeiZleba iyos miwis safaris cvililebis identificireba da misi gamomwvevi faqtorebis analizi. geoinformaciuli sistemebi sauketeso sasualebaa bunebrivi resursebis konservaciisa da efeqturi martvisatvis. misi sasualebit SesaZlebelia cvlilebis kanonzomierebis farto speqtris dadgena, romelic Zalian Zneli armosacenia sxva sasualebebit. sivrciti analizi xsirad iyenebs distanciuri zondirebit mopovebuli iset monacemebs, rogorebicaa, satelituri gamosaxulebebi, aerofotografia da videografia. tyeebtan dakavsirebuli tipiuri analizisas ertmanets edeba monacemebi tyit dafaruli teritoriebis da Wris nebartvebis an sxva saxis saqmianobis Sesaxeb, rata gamocndes Tu arsebuli tyis ra procentia degradaciis safrtxis qves. monacemta damateba daculi teritoriebis an isviati biomravalferovnebis adgilebis Sesaxeb 56

60 sasualebas gazlevt SeityoT, Tu ra vitarebaa mat dacvastan dakavsirebit. askara darrvevebi, Tundac iseti aralegaluri qmedebebi, rogorcaa dacul teritoriebze gacemuli Wris nebartva, SesaZloa armocenili da damajereblad gaxmovanebuli iyos geoinformaciuli sistemebis mesveobit. rodesac aseti analizi ketdeba Wris ganxorcielebamde, monitoringis sasualebit SesaZlebelia aseti darrvevis ganxorcielebis arideba. miuxedavad imisa, rom sivrciti analizis gaketeba Zviria da sakmaod rtuli, es teqnologia sul ufro fartod gamoiyeneba. mcire arasamtavrobo organizaciebisatvis SesaZloa sasargeblo iyos sawyisad did partnior organizaciebtan TanamSromloba arnisnuli teqnologiis gamoyenebisatvis. satelituri gamosaxulebebi SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi iyos (1) bunebrivi habitatit an miwit sargelobis Sedegad landsaftis cvlilebis kanonzomierebis gamovlenisatvis da (2) habitatebis iseti calkeuli maxasiateblebis idetificirebisatvis, rogoricaa axali gzebis an Wragavlili teritoriebis gacena. monitoringis proeqtis III etapi: komunikacia da gavlena arasamtavrobo organizacebi agroveben xarisxian monacemebs mnisvnelovani sakitxis Sesaxeb da aketeben srulyofil analizs, magram saboloo jamsi mat ar aqvt gavlena da ar iwveven bunebrivi resursebis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas, radganac mat efeqturad ar gaaxmovanes mati mignebebi. isini usargeblod xarjaven Tanxas da xelidan usveben bunebrivi resursebis mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis SesaZleblobas. arasamtavrobo organizacia iwyebs monitoringis programas mxolod im miznit, rom gaaumjobesos bunebrivi resursis statusi da martva. arnisnulis misarwevad monitoringis monacemebis gamoyeneba aris monitoringis procesis saboloo nabiji. monitoringis SedegebiT gavlenis moxdenas aqvs ori faza: (1) strategiis Seqmna da (2) misi ganxorcieleba. Tuki monitoringis monacemta Segrovebis etapze mnisvnelovania gegmis zustad Sesruleba, komunikaciis (Sedegebis gaxmovanebis) etapze mnisvnelovania sakitxisadmi ufro Tavisufali midgoma da strategiis sawiroebisamebr Secvla. miuxedavad amisa, SeecadeT, rac SeiZleba meti dagegmot winaswar, rata gansazrvrot strategia, romelic imusavebs da aseve SeqmeniT biujeti mis gansaxorcieleblad. komunikaciis strategia komunikaciis strategiis SesamuSaveblad Tqven unda: 1. amoirciot samizne jgufebi; da 2. amoirciot gza, romelic iqneba sauketeso samizne jgufebisatvis 57

61 xmis miwvdenisa da matze zegavlenis moxdenisatvis. rogorc wesi, monitoringis programebi itvaliswineben ertze met samizne jgufs da TiToeulisaTvis Sesaferis strategias. ase magalitad, zogierti organizacia aralegaluri Wrebis arsakvetad samizne jgufebad ircevs sxvadasxva qveynis mtavrobebs, saertasoriso arasamtavrobo organizaciebs da farto sazogadioebas. mati komunikaciis strategia ki moicavs personalur Sexvedrebs/ brifingebs, angarisebs, werilebs da a.s. komunikaciis strategiis Seqmnas aqvs ori saxis sargebeli: pirveli, SesaZlebelia kolegebisa da yvela dainteresebuli mxaris komentarebisa da SeniSvnebis mireba; da meore, SesaZlebelia maqsimalurad Sesabamisi biujetis SemuSaveba. komunikaciis toni komunikaciis strategiis mnisvnelovani nawilia Tqveni publikaciebis tonis gansazrvra. komunikacia unda xorcieldebodes samizne jgufisatvis martivi da damajerebeli tonit sando da obieqturi informaciis miwodebit. am balansis darrveva martivad SesaZlebelia informaciis Zalian mkvetri, ukompromiso an monacemebtan arasesatyvisi informaciis miwodebit. zogjer zedmetad ukompromiso gancxadebebis gaketeba arasamtavrobo organizaciebs sazogadoebis mxardaweras akargvinebs. gawonasworebuli da dasabutebuli toni met kars arebs. samizne jgufebis SerCeva samizne jgufebis SerCeva unda moxdes ori ZiriTadi kriteriumis gatvaliswinebit. pirveli: potenciur samizne jgufebs unda hqondet unari da SesaZlebloba arasamtavrobo organizaciis informaciis safuzvelze gavlena moaxdinon procesebze. meore: unda arsebobdes jgufis survili/unari miiros, Tqvens mier miwodebuli informacia. ase magalitad, Tuki Tqvens mier SerCeul samizne jgufs SeuZlia arkvetos qveyanasi xe-tyis aralegaluri Wra, magram natelia, rom mas ar gaacnia amis survili, am jgufis SerCeva ar iqneba sauketeso arcevani. qvemot CamoTvlilia ramdenime potenciuri samizne jgufi. mokavsireebi erti miznisatvis mebrzol jgufebs xsirad SeuZliaT damatebiti sargebeli/gamoyeneba upovon Tqvens mier mopovebul informacias. es jgufebi SesaZloa yvelaze efeqturi samizne jgufi iyos. mtavroba qveynis mtavroba umnisvnelovanesi samizne jgufia arasamtavrobo organizaciis informaciis gamoyenebisatvis. mtavroba aris qveynis 58

62 bunebrivi resursebis ganmkargavi, is irebs kanonebs, romlebic aregulireben resursebis moxamrebas da akontroleben mat Sesrulebas. amitom, arasamtavrobo organizaciis mopovebul sando da obieqtur informacias bunebrivi resurebis statusisa da martvis Sesaxeb, Tuki is efeqturad aris mimartuli, SesaZloa mtavrobaze didi gavlena hqondes. resursis mompovebeli kompaniebi bunebrivi resursebis mompovebeli kompaniebis (mag. xe-tyis damamzadebeli kompaniebi, samto-mompovebeli kompaniebi da sxv.) saqmianoba garemosdacviti arasamtavrobo organizaciebis udidesi interesis sagania. mat saqmianobas umnisvnelovanesi zegavlena aqvt bunebriv resursebze. arasamtavrobo organizaciebis publikaciebis mesveobit SeuZliaT miutiton kompaniebs cudad warmartul saqmianobaze. mat Sesaxeb cudi informaciis gavrcelebam SesaZloa kompaniebs ubizgos saqmiaobis gaumjobesebisaken. amis efeqturad gaketebisatvis, mzad iyavit ariarot kompaniis mirwevebic. sxva qveynis mtavrobebi sxva qveynis mtavrobebi SesaZloa Sesatyvisi samizne jgufi iyos monitoringis zogierti programistvis. sxva qveynis mtavrobebi da korporaciebi SesaZloa yidulobdnen ukanonod da darrvevebit mopovebul resursebs. am mtavrobebis gafrtxilebam SesaZloa ubizgos mat aseti resursebis yidvisgan Tavis Sekavebis, an saertasoriso korporaciebisagan uketesi menejmentis motxovnisaken. garda amisa, sxva qveynis mtavrobebs, donoruli programebisa da diplomatiis sasualebit, SeuZliaT gavlena iqonion garemosdacviti miznebit resursebis martvis gaumjobesebaze. media masobrivi media gazetebi, radio da televizia informaciis swrafi da did teritoriaze gavrcelebis sasualebaa. media ufro farto sazogadoebisatvis xmis miwvdenis sasualebaa, vidre TavisTavad samizne jgufi. monitoringis programisatvis sasargebloa adgilobrivi presis, radios da televiziis, aseve igive tipis saertasoriso mediis gamoyeneba. pres-relizebi, pres-konferenciebi da satelevizio klipebi aseve Zalian efeqturia. am sasualebebis gamoyenebit Tqven SegiZliaT ubizgot mediis warmomadgenlebs gaasuqon TqvenTvis saintereso sakitxi. saertasoriso arasamtavrobo organizaciebi saertasoriso arasamtavrobo organizaciebi SesaZloa zegavlenis gazlierebis sauketeso sasualeba iyos. mat SeuZliaT gamoiwvion Tqveni samizne jgufis uprecendento yuradreba Tqvens mier mopovebuli informaciis mimart. 59

63 saertasoriso donori organizaciebi da korporaciebi es jgufebi (magalitad, msoflio banki) Zalian mnisvnelovania, radganac isini xsirad gamoyofen Tanxas bunebrivi resursebis ganvitarebisa da mopovebis proeqtebisatvis. rogorc wesi, mat ainteresebt am proeqtebis mier adgilobriv doneze moxdenili efeqti da amitom, Sesatyvis samizne jgufs warmoadgenen monitoringis Sedegebis gaziarebisatvis. farto sazogadoeba da momxmareblebi sazogadoebrivi azri SesaZloa cvlilebis ert-erti uzlieresi ganmapirobebeli garemoeba iyos, Tundac arademokratiul sazogadoebasi. arasamtavrobo organizaciis informacias SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi azris Seqmna. amisatvis mravali saxis informacia SeiZleba iyos Sesaferisi. ase magalitad, adgilobrivi mosaxleobisatvis SesaZloa ar iyos cnobili garkveuli tyeebis an bunebrivi resursebis Rirebulebis Sesaxeb. SesaZloa, mat ar icodnen, an araswori informacia hqondet, mati qveynis bunebrivi resursebis martvis Sesaxeb. aseve, SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi iyos sainformacio kampaniebi, romlebic mimartulia momxmarebelta dasarwmuneblad, ar Seisyidon garkveuli saqoneli (ukanonod mopovebuli nedleulisgan nawarmoebi). komunikaciis produqtebi arsebobs komunikaciis sxvadasxva sasualebebi, romlta efeqturoba damokidebulia samizne jgufis tipze. aseve gansxvavebulia mattvis sawiro Tanxebis odenobac. komunikaciis strategiis SemuSavebisas frtxilad unda SearCioT samizne jgufistvis Sesatyvisi midgoma misi Rirebulebis gatvaliswinebit. daimaxsovret, mizani aris efeqturi strategiis SemuSaveba. erti kargad momzadebuli dokumenti ufro efeqturia, vidre xuti sxvadasxva saxis arasesaferisad momzadebuli masala. mas Semdeg, rac moamzadebt masalebs, gansazrvret wre, romlistvisac saintereso iqneba am monacemebis mireba da mudmivad miawodet mat informacia. aseti midgoma gansakutrebit amartlebs mediastan urtiertobis dros. mediis warmomadgenlebi mit ufro xsirad gamoiyeneben Tqven informacias, rac ufro xsirad SeaxsenebT Tavs. drota ganmavlobasi, SesaZloa mat TviTonac ki mogmarton siaxleebisatvis. personaluri brifingebi / Sexvedrebi personaluri brifingebi SesaZloa informaciis gacvlis Rirebuli sasualeba iyos, rogorc monitoringis mwarmoebeli organizaciisatvis, aseve im jgufisatvis, romelsac miewodeba informacia. es moicavs Sexvedrebs ministrebtan, an sxvadasxva saxelmwifo moxeleebtan, 60

64 saertasoriso arasamtavrobo organizaciebis, an bilateraluri donori organizaciebis warmomadgenlebtan, interviuebs mas-mediis reportiorebtan, aseve sxva jgufebtan. personaluri brifingis dros monitoringis mwarmoebeli arasamtavrobo organizacia Rebulobs mnisvnelovani personis yuradrebas, xolo is ki, Tavis mxriv, irebs informacias, romelsac ver miirebda sxva sasualebebit. arasamtarobo organizaciam unda daamtkicos, rom igi aris srulyofili, sando da miukerzovebeli informaciis mimwodebeli manamde, sanam dagegmavs Sexvedrebs mnisvnelovan adamianebtan. sxva SemTxvevaSi, msgavsi Sexvedrebis mirweva Zalian Zneli iqneba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, es Rirebuli mizani da strategiaa sxva midgomebis Sesavsebad. upiratesoba: brifingebis sasualebit myardeba kontaqtebi gavlenian pirebtan; brifingebis mesveobit monitoringis daskvnebi xalxis xelsi xvdeba, romeltac ZaluZT cvlilebis mirweva/ganxorcieleba; Tqven izent axal adamianebs, romlebic mzad iqnebian momavalsi kvlav miiron sxva informacia Tqvengan. nakli: Sexvedrebis SeTanxmeba sakmaod Znelia, gansakutrebit axladseqmnili organizaciebisatvis; personaluri brifingebisas informacias mcire raodenobis adamiani irebs. rceva: nu iqnebit konfrontaciuli; yoveltvis Tan iqoniet dokumenturi masala, romelsac dautovebt Sexvedris Semdeg. pres-relizebi kargad dawerili pres-relizebi nebismieri komunikaciis strategiis ganuyofeli nawilia. es aris monitoringis Sedegebis mediasi da misi sasualebit farto sazogadoebasi gavrcelebis efeqturi sasualeba. mnisvnelovania, rom pres-relizi moicavdes informacias, romelic swirdebat Jurnalistebs. sasurvelia, pres-relizi ar arematebodes ert gverds, magram, amavdroulad, amomwuravad asaxavdes problemas da ar Seicavdes teqnikur detalebs. pres-relizis mizania sakitxisadmi xalxis yuradrebis mipyroba rata xalxma gaigos problemis Sesaxeb da seriozulad moekidos mas. upiratesoba: pres-relizi advili dasaweria; is advili gasavrcelebelia faqsita da eleqtronuli fostit; pres-relizit didi gamoxmaurebis gamowveva SeiZleba; swrafia. 61

65 nakli: radganac pres-relizis wera advilia, SesaZloa mat Soris bevri uvargisi iyos; cudi pres-relizi arasamtavrobo organiaciis repuracias laxavs; rceva: iswavlet pres-relizis wera (formati da Sinaarsi); mtavari satqmeli dasawyissive natlad da mokled CamoayalibeT. pres-konferenciebi pres-konferenciebi presastan komunikaciis kargi sasualebaa. pres-konferencia kitxvebis dasmisa da pasuxebis mirebis kargi sasualebaa da mati mesveobit ufro meti yuradrebis mipyrobaa SesaZlebeli, vidre marto presrelizit. Tumca Jurnalistebis daswrebis uzrunvelyofa sakmaod Znelia. pres-konferenciebi unda moewyos TvalSisacemi sakitxebis Sesaxeb, an im sazogadod ariarebuli mnisvnelobis sakitxebze, romlis Sesaxebac arasamtavrobo organizacias gaacnia utyuari monacemebi. axladseqmnili arasamtavrobo organizaciebisatvis Jurnalistebis yuradrebis misapyrobad SesaZloa kargi strategia iyos ufro cnobil organizaciebtan partnioroba. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, Tqveni informacia unda iyos sando da damarwmunebeli es aris umtavresi principi. sapirispiro SemTxvevaSi, Tqveni informacia SesaZloa ertxel an orjer gavrceldes presis mesveobit, magram es meti ar ganmeordeba. upiratesoba: pres-konferencia izleva mediastan usualo urtiertobis sasualebas; igi informaciis fartod gavrcelebis sasualebaa; kitxva-pasuxma SesaZloa gaazlieros mediis interesi; igi Jurnelistebs exmareba profesionalurad Sedgenili statiebis da reportajebis momzadebasi. nakli: Jurnalistebis Sekreba sakmaod Znelia; cudad miwodebulma informaciam SesaZloa arasamtavrobo organizaciis reputacia Selaxos. rcevebi: yoveltvis iqoniet pres-relizebi gavrcelebisatvis; frtxilad SearCieT pres-konferenciis Catarebis TariRi da adgili, rata uzrunvelyot maqsimaluri daswreba; nu gamoiyenebt am sasualebas zedmetad. plakatebi plakatebi SesaZloa efeqturi iyos mcire samizne jgufisatvis, 62

66 rogoricaa, romelime soflis, dabis, an patara qalaqis macxovreblebi. is unda iyos kargad Sedgenili, Tvalis momwreli da damarwmunebeli. arasworia plakatze bevri informaciis gantavseba. plakatze uketesia mokle, natlad Camoyalibebuli da yuradrebis mimzidveli mimartvebis gantavseba. upiratesoba: plakatebi kargi sasualebaa sazogadoebis yuradrebis misapyrobad; SesaZloa plakatebis fartod gavrceleba; misi sasualebit SesaZlebelia arasamtavrobo organizaciis vizualuri cnobadobis gazrda. nakli: plakatze gantavsebuli informacia unda iyos martivi, amitom informacia mwiria; plakatebi unda gavrceldes da gaekras; rcevebi: SeecadeT, rom plakatebi Tvalis momwreli iyos; darwmundit, rom efeqtur adgilze akravt. bukletebi es mcire dokumentebi sauketeso sasualebaa arasamtavrobo organizaciis saqmianobisa da misiis ganacxadis Sesaxeb informaciis fartod gavrcelebisatvis. Tumca, bukletebi aseve efeqturi sasualebaa raime konkretuli sakitxis, an proeqtis Sesaxeb informaciis gasavrceleblad. veb-gverdi veb-gverdi SesaZloa brosurisa da angarisis sauketeso maxasiateblebis nakrebs warmoadgendes. is SeiZleba vizualurad STambeWdavi, detaluri da uamravi informaciis momcveli iyos. kargi dizainis veb-gverdebis mnaxvelebs SesaZlebloba aqvt miiron rogorc zogadi, aseve detaluri informacia. amjamad, organizaciata umravlesobasac gaacnia veb-gverdi, Tumca ara yvelas. veb-gverdi ar cvlis komunikaciis sxva sasualbebs, Tumca igi friad sasargeblo da efeqturia. upiratesoba: veb-gverdi Tqveni saertasoriso samizne jgufebisatvis informaciis miwodebis sauketeso sasualebaa; veb-gverdze SeiZleba ganatavsot rogorc StambeWdavi brosura, aseve detaluri angarisi; veb-gverds SesaZloa ewvios uamravi pasiuri mnaxveli, romelic ar iyo Tqvens samizne jgufsi; veb-gverdi multimediuri prezentaciebis sasualebas izleva; veb-gverdis mesveobit SesaZloa farto samizne jgufisatvis 63

67 xmis miwvdena; veb-gverdebi SesaZloa advilad ganaxldes, an Seswordes. nakli: veb-gverdi mudmivad unda ganaxldes, rata mnaxvelma yovel jerze raime siaxle naxos; is moitxovs kompiutertan musaobis specifiur codnas (Tumca arc Tu gansakutrebit rtuls) da SesaZloa sawiroebdes damatebiti TanamSromlis ayvanas; igi moitxovs kompiutertan xelmisawvdomobas; mnaxvelebis mozidvisatvis aucilebelia veb-gverdis reklamireba. rceva: veb-gverdis dizaini vizualurad mimzidveli unda iyos; yoveltvis ganaaxlet veb-gverdi; fartod gaavrcelet informacia Tqveni veb-gverdis Sesaxeb samizne audienciasi. brosurebi brosurebi konkretul sakitxze fokusirebuli SedarebiT mokle da lakonuri dokumentia. Cveulebriv, igi gatvlilia specifiur organizaciebze, an adamianebze, romelzec gsurt moaxdinot gavlena. brosurebi SesaZloa moicavdes zomierad detalur informacias. isini SesaZloa gamosadegi iyos, Tuki awarmoebt xangrzlivvadian monitoringis programas, magram gsurt periodulad (mag. yovelwliurad) gamoscet angarisebi. upiratesoba: mnisvnelovani sakitxis Sesaxeb brosurebi mimzidvelia dakavebuli adamianebisatvis; brosurebi SesaZloa swrafad gamoqveyndes; brosurebis gamoqveyneba iafia. nakli: brosurasi warmodgenili informacia mwiria; rceva: SesaZlebelia misi swrafad SemuSaveba, magram darwmundit, rom is kargad aris dawerili da kritikuli sakitxebi natlad aris gansazrvruli; natlad gamijnet faqtebi da Tqveni interpretaciebi; roca es SesaZlebelia, gamoiyenet grafikebi - isini ipyroben yuradrebas da, amavdroulad, lakonurad gadmoscemen informacias.. biuletenebi da seriuli gamocemebi sakitxis codna, sandoobastan ertad, ganapirobebs sazogadoebis ketilganwyobas. amitom, biuletenebi komunikaciis strategiis Rirebuli nawilia. es publikaciebi, rogorc wesi, sakmaod vrcelia 64

68 da regularuli imisatvis, rom fokusirebuli iyos calkeul monitoringis programaze. upiratesoba: regularuli publikaciebi, rogoricaa biuletenebi, azlierebs sazogadoebis ndobas da qmnis sakitxit dainteresebul adamianta wres; biuletenis formati sasualebas izleva gaavrcelot rogor mokle, aseve detaluri informacia, fotoebis CaTvliT; biuletenebi informaciis droulad gavrcelebis sasualebas izleva. nakli: calkeuli monitoringis programa ver agrovebs sakmaris informacias didi biuletenisatvis; dokumentis xsirad momzadebis sawiroebam SesaZloa jgufi mtavar samusaos mowyvitos; perioduli biuletenebis gamocema SesaZloa did danaxarjebtan iyos dakavsirebuli; Tuki ar aris sakmarisi informacia biuletenisatvis, publikacia SesaZloa formalur xasiats atarebdes. rceva: umjobesia biuleteni moicavdes informacias mtlianad organizaciis saqmianobis an ramodenime proeqtis Sesaxeb; msgavsi publikaciebi jobia naklebi sixsirit gamoscet (mag. yovelwliurad). angarisebi mokle anotaciebisagan gansxvavebit, angarisi ufro vrceli da detaluri dokumentia da Cveulebriv efuzneba sakitxis gamoziebaze mimartul ramdenime proeqts. upiratesoba: vrceli angarisebi detalebsi CaRrmavebis SesaZleblobas izleva; publikaciebi SeiZleba iyos Tvalis momwreli da STambeWdavi; publikaciebi izleva monacemebisa da gamoyenebuli metodis detaluri dokumentirebis sasualebas. nakli: publikaciis sididem SesaZloa is naklebad kitxvadi gaxados; angarisebis wera, dabewdva da gavrceleba sakmaod did dros da xarjebs moitxovs; swrafad cvalebad situaciasi angarisi SesaZloa swrfad mozveldes". rceva: ar icqarot angarisis momzadeba, daelodet samusaos 65

69 dasrulebas; SeecadeT angarisi ar iyos Zalian grzeli da gadatvirtuli; gamoiyenet grafikebi da fotoebi dokumentis gamosacocxleblad"; yoveltvis waumzrvaret mokle anotacia. radio, video radio: radio mediumia, romlis sasualebitac SedarebiT mcire danaxarjebit SesaZlebelia bevri adamianisatvis xmis miwvdena. radios mesveobit SesaZloa mimartvis gavrceleba sawiro teritoriaze. video: video pres-relizebi" SesaZloa Zalian efeqturi da advilad gasaketebeli iyos. video pres-relizebi gansakutrebit efeqturad gamoiyeneba telemediis mier, radganac Tqven mudmivad informaciis ZebniT dakavebul Jurnalists eterisatvis mza masalas awvdit. ufro vrceli filmebi an video Canawerebi SesaZloa efeqturi iyos garkveul situaciasi, magram ufro met drosa da Tanxebs moitxovs. upiratesoba: vizualur an audio istoriebs SesaZloa didi gavlena hqondes; mati sasualebit izrdeba organizaciis vizualuri cnobadoba; mati sasualebit farto samizne jgufis mocvaa SesaZlebeli. nakli: did danaxarjebs moitxovs (gansakutrebit filmebi); moitxovs specialur aparaturas da gamocdilebas. rceva: itanamsromlet ufro did organizaciebtan; aqcenti ufro mcire (rogoricaa video pres-relizebi) formebze gaaketet; filmis xilul an uxilav gamxmovaneblebad daiqiravet cnobili adamianebi. 66

70 reaqciisa da gamoxmaurebis prognozireba da mattvis mzaoba monitoringis Sedegebis warmodgenisatvis mzadebisas unda SeecadoT winaswar gansazrvrot samizne jgufis potenciuri reaqcia da Tqveni mignebebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi. ra Tqma unda, sando informaciis floba gadamwyvetia. winaswari gatvlebi Tqven SesaZleblobas mogcemt dagegmot, Tu rogor SexvdeT negatiur reaqciebs da daakmayofilot informaciaze motxovna. monitoringis programis Sedegebis gaxmovanebisas unda gaitvaliswinot Semdegi: yoveltvis saqmis kurssi gyavdet partniorebi da dainteresebuli mxareebi winaswar gaafrtxilet isini Sedegebis gaxmovanebis Sesaxeb da acnobet mtavari ideis Sesaxeb; iqoniet sakmarisi dabewdili masala gavrcelebisatvis; specialurad gamoyavit TanamSromeli, romelic upasuxebs kitxvebs da satelefono zarebs; mzad iyavit gamoiyenot gazrdili ariareba. magalitad, es kargi droa fondebisatvis axali dafinansebis moziebisatvis misamartad, personaluri brifingebisatvis motxovnis warsadgenad, mediisatvis intervius misacemad da a.s. Semowmebis procesi publikaciis samusao variantis momzadebis Semdeg mnisvnelovania, rom is sabolood gadamowmdes. Semowmeba aris procesi, romlis drosac Tqven dokumentis samusao variants SeniSvnebisa da komentarebisatvis warudgent sakitxsi garkveul kolegebs. arsebobs ori mizezi, romlis gamo dokumentisatvis mnisvnelovania Semowmebis procesis gavla: (1) publikaciis xarisxi udavod gaizrdeba sferos eqspertebis mosazrebebis maqsimalurad gatvaliswinebit; (2) eqpertebis mier dokumentis xarisxisa da sandoobis ariareba gazrdis Tqveni samizne jgufis ndobasac. arsebobs Semowmebis ori done: Sida da gare. Sida Semowmeba xorcieldeba organizaciis SigniT, Tqveni kolegebis mier. gare Semowmeba xorcieldeba ara Tqveni TanamSromlebis mier. Sida Semowmeba rogorc wesi, xorcieldeba otxi an xuti kolegis mier. sauketeso SemTxvevaSi, Tqven unda miirot eqvsidan atamde gare komentari, Tumca im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki farto audiencia gyavt, SesaZloa ufro meti iyos sawiro. Sida SemowmebisaTvis kolegebis SerCeva xdeba publikaciebis momzadebasi gamocdilebisa da sakitxis Sesaxeb codnis mixedvit. gare Semmowmeblebi ki unda iyvnen (1) monacemta momwodeblebi, (2) mecnierebi/eqspertebi da (3) Tqveni publikaciis samizne jgufis warmomadenlebi. 67

71 rodis unda SewyvitoT monitoringi? Tqven unda icodet, rodis gacerdet. efeqturi monitoringis dagegmareba da ganxorcieleba damokidebulia imaze, Tu ris mirwevas cdilobt. miznebi aucileblad specifiuri unda iyos. mag. Tuki mizani aris xelisuflebis saqmianobis cvlilebis mesveobit qveyanasi aralegaluri Wris Semcireba, warmatebistvis mnisvnelovania: 1) progresi iyos gazomvadi da 2) gansazrvrot rodis gacerdet an SeamciroT Zalisxmeva. usasrulo miznebi (mag. Wris Semcireba") araefeqturia. gansazrvret Wrebis Semcirebis mirwevis xarisxobrivi, raodenobrivi da droiti macveneblebi. magalitad, monitoringis programa Seamcirebs aralegalur Wras 25 %-it 5 wlis ganmavlobasi, an 2010 wlistvis gamoiwvevs tyis mcvelebis raodenobis 15 %- it gazrdas. zogierti procesi SeiZleba moitxovdes gangzobad (SesaZloa dabali donis) monitorings mas Semdegac, rac mtavri brzola mogebulia. magram yvela monitoringis programas unda hqondes warmatebis indikatorebi. Semdegi nabiji Cven warmogidginet monitoringis procesis mimoxilva da CarCo, Tu rogor unda awarmoot monitoringi. saxelmzrvanelos mtavari azri aris, rom monitoringi xorcieldeba bunebrivi resursebis martvis sakitxtan dakavsirebit specifiur kitxvebze pasuxis gasacemad; magram ar SeiZleba arsebobdes mza recepti, Tu rogor warmartot monitoringi. monitoringi unda iyos Sedegiani, martivi, mizanmimartuli da efeqturi kritikul kitxvaze pasuxis gasacemad. monitoringis proeqtebs da programebs unda hqondes natlad Camoyalibebuli komunikaciis strategia. fuli wyalsi iyreba, rodesad monitoringis Sedegebi Sesaferisad ar xmovandeba. ufro metic, xelidan gasvebuli SesaZlebloba pirdapir aisaxeba zustad im bunebrivi resursis mdgomareobaze, romlis dacvasac cdilobda arasamtavrobo organizacia. am saxelmzrvanelosi Cven SevecadeT gvecenebina, Tu ra mimartulebit unda ifiqrot rodesac iwyebt monitoringis proeqtis an programis ganxorcielebas, Cven ver gikarnaxebt detalebs. Tumca, rogorc wesi, detalebi ganapirobeben warmatebas. amitom, monitoringis sauketeso maswavleblebi yoveltvis arian is adamianebi, romlebic usulod axorcieleben mas. 68

72 gamoyenebuli literatura Wris wesebi saqartvelos tyeebsi. 2000, saqartvelos satyeo meurneobis saxelmwifo departamenti, red. l. WoWua, Tbilisi, 48 gv. saqartvelos ZiriTadi garemosdacviti kanonebis krebuli. 2004, ozurgeti, 400 gv. saqartvelos biomravalferovnebis strategia da moqmedebata gegma. 2005, Tbilisi, NACRES, 89 gv. saqartvelos sakanonmdeblo da kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebis sainformacio saziebo sistema CODEX (2006 wlis 15 ivlisis mdgomareobit). G. Tyler Miller, Jr. 2000, Living in the Environment: principles, connections and sollutions, Brooks/Coe puplishing Company, Eleventh edition Monitoring for impact: lessons on natural resources monitoring from 13 ngos. 2000, by Christian Ottke, Peter Kristensen, David Maddox, Eric Rodenburg; Editors: Robert Livernash, David Hosansky; World Resources Institute, Conservation International. www. forestgeo.net www. eia-international.org 69

73 , 2. ukanono Wrebi sh- tyekafis garese, gzis pirebze mowrilia mounisnavi xeebi 3, 4. niadagis erozia, romelic gamowveulia morebis motrevit 5. tyesi niadagi dazianebulia zedmeti eqspluataciis gamo 70

74 , 7. tyidan gamotanili gauqerqavi wiwvovani xebis morebi 8, 9. ukanono Wra, wiwvovani xis morebi damaragebulia tyesi 10. ukanonod mowrili xe, narcenebi tyesia datovebuli 71

75 , 12. ukanono Wra kolxetis erovnul parksi 13, 14, 15. saxerxebze dafiqsirebuli darrvevebi 72

76 ukanonod mowrili wiflis morebi 17. ukanonod mowrili wabli (witeli nusxis saxeoba) 18. saxerxi, sadac mxolod wablis merqani musavdeba 73