Fourier Transform. Fourier Transform
|
|
- Ερατώ Αξιώτης
- 7 χρόνια πριν
- Προβολές:
Transcript
1 ECE 307 Z. Aliyziioglu Eleril & Compuer Engineering Dep. Cl Poly Pomon The Fourier rnsform (FT is he exension of he Fourier series o nonperiodi signls. The Fourier rnsform of signl exis if sisfies he following ondiion. x ( d< The Fourier rnsform X( ω = xe ( d The inverse Fourier rnsform (IFT of X(ω is x(nd given by jω x( = X( ω e dω
2 Also, The Fourier rnsform n be defined in erms of frequeny of Herz s j f X( f x( e d = nd orresponding inverse Fourier rnsform is x( X( f e j π f df = Exmple: Deermine he Fourier rnsform of rengulr pulse shown in he following figure x( -/ / h / ω ω j j j h ω X( ω = he d= e e jω / ω h ω sin( = sin( = h ω ω ω = hsin π
3 Exmple: To find in frequeny domin, / f f j j j f h π Xf ( = he d= e e j f / h sin( π f = sin( π f = h πf πf = hsin ( f h =, = ω X( ω = sin π >> h=; >> =; >> f=-3.5:0.0:3.5; >> w=*pi*f; >> x=h**sin(w*/(*pi; >> plo (w,x >> ile ('X(\omeg' >> xlbel('\omeg'; >> h =, = ω X( ω = sin π >> h=; >> =; >> f=-3.5:0.0:3.5; >> w=*pi*f; >> x=bs(h**sin(w*/(*pi; >> subplo (,, >> plo (w,x >> ile (' X(\omeg ' >> xlbel('\omeg' >> xp=phse(h**sin(w*/(*pi; >> subplo (,, >> plo (w,xp >> ile ('phse X(\omeg' >> xlbel('\omeg'
4 Exmple Deermine he Fourier rnsform of he Del funion δ( jω jω0 ( ω = δ( = = X e d e X(ω ω Properies of he We summrize severl imporn properies of he s follows.. Lineriy (Superposiion If x x ( X ( ω ( X( ω nd Then, x( + x ( X( ω + X ( ω jω jω jω ( ( ( ( [ + ] = + x x e d x e d x e d = X( ω + X ( ω
5 Properies of he. Time Shifing If x ( Xω ( Then, x ( X( ω e ω 0 j 0 = + d = dτ Le τ = 0 hen τ 0 nd jωτ ( + 0 x ( 0 e d= x( τ e d = 0 jωτ e x( e d = e 0 τ X( ω τ τ Le y ( = x ( 0 Y( ω = X( ω e = X( ω e e = X( ω e jω0 j X( ω jω0 j( X( ω ω0 j Y( ω j ( X( ω ω0 Y( ω e = X( ω e Therefore, he mpliude sperum of he ime shifed signl is he sme s he mpliude sperum of he originl signl, nd he phse sperum of he ime-shifed signl is he sum of he phse sperum of he originl signl nd liner phse erm.
6 Exmple: Deermine he Fourier rnsform of he following ime shifed rengulr pulse. x( h 0 ω j X( ω = hsin e ω π >> h=; >> =; >> f=-3.5:0.0:3.5; >> w=*pi*f; >> x=bs(h**sin(w*/(*pi.*exp(- j*w*/; >> subplo (,, >> plo (w,x >> ile (' X(\omeg ' >> xlbel('\omeg' >> xp=phse(h**sin(w*/(*pi.*exp(- j*w.*/; >> subplo (,, >> plo (w,xp >> xlbel('\omeg' >> ile ('phsex(\omeg' 3. Time Sling If x ( Xω ( ω x ( X( hen Le τ = hen τ / nd = d = (/ dτ If, >0 hen ω j τ x( e d = x( τ e dτ ω = X ( If, <0 hen ω j τ xe ( d= x( τ e dτ ω j τ x( e ω = τ dτ X( =
7 Exmple. if, x ( Xω ( hen find he Fourier rnsform of he following signls. b.. x( X( ω x (/5 5 X(5 ω ω x( 5( X( e ω 5 5 j Exmple: Find he Fourier rnsform of he following signl.. b.. ω x( = ( X( ω = sin π x( (5 X( X( ω sin ω = ω = = π ω x3( = ( /5 X3( ω = 5 X(5 ω = 5sin 0.4 π 4. Duliy (Symmery If x ( Xω ( hen X ( π x( ω or X( x( f Sine nd ω re rbirry vribles in he inverse Fourier rnsform jω x( = X( ω e dω we n reple ω wih nd wih - ω o ge x( ω = X( e d Therefore, F{ } X ( = Xe ( d= π x( ω
8 Similrly, if we n reple f wih nd wih -f in he inverse Fourier rnsform x( X( f e j πf df = o ge j f x( f X( e df = Therefore, { } F X ( = x( f Exmple: x ( = δ ( X( ω = Applying symmery propery, x ( = Xω ( = πδ ( ω = πδ ( ω ( δ ( ω is even funion or x ( = Xf ( = δ ( f = δ ( f Exmple: ω x ( = re X( ω sin = π ω ω x ( = sin X( ω re re = = Le = hen = ω ω x( = sin ( X( ω = re re =
9 Time Reversl If x ( Xω ( hen x( X( ω Le = τ. Then = τ nd d = dτ jω j( ω τ ( = ( τ τ = ( ω x e d x e d X Frequeny Shifing If x ( Xω ( hen jω xe ( X( ω ω ( ( j ω j ω ( j ω ω = = ( ω ω xe e d xe d X
10 Exmple: Deermine he Fourier rnsform of osω nd sinω ( os j ω j ω x = ω = e + e X( ω = π δ( ω ω + δ( ω + ω or [ ] x( os j j e ω ω = ω = + e X( f = δ( f f + δ( f + f X(f / [ ] -f The phse sperum is zero everywhere. f f ( sin j ω j ω x = ω = e e X( ω = jπ δ( ω ω δ( ω + ω j j [ ] ( sin j ω j ω j x ω e e = = X( f = δ( f f δ( f + f j j X(f / [ ] -f θ(f π/ f f f -f f -π/
11 7. Modulion If x ( Xω ( hen x ( os( ω X( ω ω + X( ω + ω [ ] jω jω jω jω x (os( ωe d= x ( e + e e d = + = + + j( ω ω j( ω+ ω xe ( d xe ( d [ X( ω ω X( ω ω ] 8. Time Differeniion: If x ( Xω ( hen dx( jωx( ω d Generl se n d x( n ( jω X( ω n d we obin Therefore Tking he derivive of he inverse Fourier rnsform jω x( = X( ω e dω dx( jω = jωx( ω e dω d dx( jωx( ω d
12 9. Time Differeniion: If x ( Xω ( hen Generl se x( dx( jω j dω n x( j n n d X( ω n dω Tking derivive of X( ω = xe ( d wih respe o ω, we obin dx( ω = ( j xe ( dω dx( jω Therefore x( j dω d 0 Conjuge If x ( Xω ( hen * * x ( X ( ω If x( is rel * * jω j( ω * x ( e d = x( e d = X ( ω x * ( x( * = X ω X so h ( = ( ω
13 . Convoluion If x ( Xω (, h ( Hω (, nd y ( Yω ( y ( = h (* x ( = h( τ x ( τ dτ Y( ω = h( τ x( τ dτ e d Inerhnging he order of inegrion, we obin Y( ω = H( ω X( ω Y( ω = h( τ x( τ e d dτ jωτ jωτ Y( ω = h( τ X( ω e dτ = X( ω h( τ e dτ = X( ω H( ω. Mulipliion If x ( X ( ω, nd x ( X ( ω x x( X( ω* X( ω = X( vx ( ω vdv or x x( X(* f X( f = X( vx ( f vdv
14 3. Prsevl s Theorem If x( X( ω, hen ol normlized(bsed on one ohms resisor energy E of nd x( is given by Proof E = x( d = X( ω dω = X( f df x( d = x( x ( d = x( X ( ω e dω d * * Inerhnging he order of inegrion, we obin Proof (on x( d = X ( ω x( e d dω * = = * X X d ( ω ( ω ω X( ω dω
Fourier Series. Fourier Series
ECE 37 Z. Aliyazicioglu Elecrical & Compuer Egieerig Dep. Cal Poly Pomoa Periodic sigal is a fucio ha repeas iself every secods. x() x( ± ) : period of a fucio, : ieger,,3, x() 3 x() x() Periodic sigal
Διαβάστε περισσότερα( ) ( ) ( ) Fourier series. ; m is an integer. r(t) is periodic (T>0), r(t+t) = r(t), t Fundamental period T 0 = smallest T. Fundamental frequency ω
Fourier series e jm when m d when m ; m is an ineger. jm jm jm jm e d e e e jm jm jm jm r( is periodi (>, r(+ r(, Fundamenal period smalles Fundamenal frequeny r ( + r ( is periodi hen M M e j M, e j,
Διαβάστε περισσότερα3 Frequency Domain Representation of Continuous Signals and Systems
3 Frequency Domain Represenaion of Coninuous Signals and Sysems 3. Fourier Series Represenaion of Periodic Signals............. 2 3.. Exponenial Fourier Series.................... 2 3..2 Discree Fourier
Διαβάστε περισσότεραECE 308 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS FALL 2017 Answers to selected problems on prior years examinations
ECE 308 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS FALL 07 Answers to selected problems on prior years examinations Answers to problems on Midterm Examination #, Spring 009. x(t) = r(t + ) r(t ) u(t ) r(t ) + r(t 3) + u(t +
Διαβάστε περισσότεραUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ECE 310: Digital Signal Processing
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ECE : Digital Signal Processing Chandra Radhakrishnan PROBLEM SET : SOLUTIONS Peter Kairouz Problem Solution:. ( 5 ) + (5 6 ) + ( ) cos(5 ) + 5cos( 6 ) + cos(
Διαβάστε περισσότεραCHAPTER 101 FOURIER SERIES FOR PERIODIC FUNCTIONS OF PERIOD
CHAPTER FOURIER SERIES FOR PERIODIC FUNCTIONS OF PERIOD EXERCISE 36 Page 66. Determine the Fourier series for the periodic function: f(x), when x +, when x which is periodic outside this rge of period.
Διαβάστε περισσότεραMath221: HW# 1 solutions
Math: HW# solutions Andy Royston October, 5 7.5.7, 3 rd Ed. We have a n = b n = a = fxdx = xdx =, x cos nxdx = x sin nx n sin nxdx n = cos nx n = n n, x sin nxdx = x cos nx n + cos nxdx n cos n = + sin
Διαβάστε περισσότεραIf ABC is any oblique triangle with sides a, b, and c, the following equations are valid. 2bc. (a) a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A or cos A b2 c 2 a 2.
etion 6. Lw of osines 59 etion 6. Lw of osines If is ny oblique tringle with sides, b, nd, the following equtions re vlid. () b b os or os b b (b) b os or os b () b b os or os b b You should be ble to
Διαβάστε περισσότεραLecture 12 Modulation and Sampling
EE 2 spring 2-22 Handou #25 Lecure 2 Modulaion and Sampling The Fourier ransform of he produc of wo signals Modulaion of a signal wih a sinusoid Sampling wih an impulse rain The sampling heorem 2 Convoluion
Διαβάστε περισσότερα( ) ( t) ( 0) ( ) dw w. = = β. Then the solution of (1.1) is easily found to. wt = t+ t. We generalize this to the following nonlinear differential
Periodic oluion of van der Pol differenial equaion. by A. Arimoo Deparmen of Mahemaic Muahi Iniue of Technology Tokyo Japan in Seminar a Kiami Iniue of Technology January 8 9. Inroducion Le u conider a
Διαβάστε περισσότεραOscillatory integrals
Oscilltory integrls Jordn Bell jordn.bell@gmil.com Deprtment of Mthemtics, University of Toronto August, 0 Oscilltory integrls Suppose tht Φ C R d ), ψ DR d ), nd tht Φ is rel-vlued. I : 0, ) C by Iλ)
Διαβάστε περισσότεραAnti-aliasing Prefilter (6B) Young Won Lim 6/8/12
ni-aliasing Prefiler (6B) Copyrigh (c) Young W. Lim. Permission is graned o copy, disribue and/or modify his documen under he erms of he GNU Free Documenaion License, Version. or any laer version published
Διαβάστε περισσότεραPractice Exam 2. Conceptual Questions. 1. State a Basic identity and then verify it. (a) Identity: Solution: One identity is csc(θ) = 1
Conceptual Questions. State a Basic identity and then verify it. a) Identity: Solution: One identity is cscθ) = sinθ) Practice Exam b) Verification: Solution: Given the point of intersection x, y) of the
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΣχολή Εφαρμοσμένων Μαθηματικών και Φυσικών Επιστημών. Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο. Thales Workshop, 1-3 July 2015.
Σχολή Εφαρμοσμένων Μαθηματικών και Φυσικών Επιστημών Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο Thles Worksho, 1-3 July 015 The isomorhism function from S3(L(,1)) to the free module Boštjn Gbrovšek Άδεια Χρήσης Το παρόν
Διαβάστε περισσότερα1. Functions and Operators (1.1) (1.2) (1.3) (1.4) (1.5) (1.6) 2. Trigonometric Identities (2.1) (2.2) (2.3) (2.4) (2.5) (2.6) (2.7) (2.8) (2.
ECE 3 Mh le Sprig, 997. Fucio d Operor, (. ic( i( π (. ( β,, π (.3 Im, Re (.4 δ(, ; δ( d, < (.5 u( 5., (.6 rec u( + 5. u( 5., > rc( β /, π + rc( β /,
Διαβάστε περισσότερα2 Composition. Invertible Mappings
Arkansas Tech University MATH 4033: Elementary Modern Algebra Dr. Marcel B. Finan Composition. Invertible Mappings In this section we discuss two procedures for creating new mappings from old ones, namely,
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΑπόκριση σε Μοναδιαία Ωστική Δύναμη (Unit Impulse) Απόκριση σε Δυνάμεις Αυθαίρετα Μεταβαλλόμενες με το Χρόνο. Απόστολος Σ.
Απόκριση σε Δυνάμεις Αυθαίρετα Μεταβαλλόμενες με το Χρόνο The time integral of a force is referred to as impulse, is determined by and is obtained from: Newton s 2 nd Law of motion states that the action
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSolutions 3. February 2, Apply composite Simpson s rule with m = 1, 2, 4 panels to approximate the integrals:
s Februry 2, 216 1 Exercise 5.2. Apply composite Simpson s rule with m = 1, 2, 4 pnels to pproximte the integrls: () x 2 dx = 1 π/2, (b) cos(x) dx = 1, (c) e x dx = e 1, nd report the errors. () f(x) =
Διαβάστε περισσότεραINTEGRAL INEQUALITY REGARDING r-convex AND
J Koren Mth Soc 47, No, pp 373 383 DOI 434/JKMS47373 INTEGRAL INEQUALITY REGARDING r-convex AND r-concave FUNCTIONS WdAllh T Sulimn Astrct New integrl inequlities concerning r-conve nd r-concve functions
Διαβάστε περισσότεραOrdinal Arithmetic: Addition, Multiplication, Exponentiation and Limit
Ordinal Arithmetic: Addition, Multiplication, Exponentiation and Limit Ting Zhang Stanford May 11, 2001 Stanford, 5/11/2001 1 Outline Ordinal Classification Ordinal Addition Ordinal Multiplication Ordinal
Διαβάστε περισσότεραProbability and Random Processes (Part II)
Probability and Random Processes (Part II) 1. If the variance σ x of d(n) = x(n) x(n 1) is one-tenth the variance σ x of a stationary zero-mean discrete-time signal x(n), then the normalized autocorrelation
Διαβάστε περισσότεραExample Sheet 3 Solutions
Example Sheet 3 Solutions. i Regular Sturm-Liouville. ii Singular Sturm-Liouville mixed boundary conditions. iii Not Sturm-Liouville ODE is not in Sturm-Liouville form. iv Regular Sturm-Liouville note
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSecond Order RLC Filters
ECEN 60 Circuits/Electronics Spring 007-0-07 P. Mathys Second Order RLC Filters RLC Lowpass Filter A passive RLC lowpass filter (LPF) circuit is shown in the following schematic. R L C v O (t) Using phasor
Διαβάστε περισσότεραFourier Series. MATH 211, Calculus II. J. Robert Buchanan. Spring Department of Mathematics
Fourier Series MATH 211, Calculus II J. Robert Buchanan Department of Mathematics Spring 2018 Introduction Not all functions can be represented by Taylor series. f (k) (c) A Taylor series f (x) = (x c)
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΣήματα και Συστήματα. Διάλεξη 8: Ιδιότητες του Μετασχηματισμού Fourier. Δρ. Μιχάλης Παρασκευάς Επίκουρος Καθηγητής
Σήματα και Συστήματα Διάλεξη 8: Ιδιότητες του Μετασχηματισμού ourier Δρ. Μιχάλης Παρασκευάς Επίκουρος Καθηγητής 1 Ιδιότητες του Μετασχηματισμού ourier 1. Ιδιότητες του Μετασχηματισμού ourier 2. Θεώρημα
Διαβάστε περισσότεραCHAPTER (2) Electric Charges, Electric Charge Densities and Electric Field Intensity
CHAPTE () Electric Chrges, Electric Chrge Densities nd Electric Field Intensity Chrge Configurtion ) Point Chrge: The concept of the point chrge is used when the dimensions of n electric chrge distriution
Διαβάστε περισσότεραMulti-dimensional Central Limit Theorem
Mult-dmensonal Central Lmt heorem Outlne () () () t as () + () + + () () () Consder a sequence of ndependent random proceses t, t, dentcal to some ( t). Assume t 0. Defne the sum process t t t t () t tme
Διαβάστε περισσότεραPg The perimeter is P = 3x The area of a triangle is. where b is the base, h is the height. In our case b = x, then the area is
Pg. 9. The perimeter is P = The area of a triangle is A = bh where b is the base, h is the height 0 h= btan 60 = b = b In our case b =, then the area is A = = 0. By Pythagorean theorem a + a = d a a =
Διαβάστε περισσότεραECE 468: Digital Image Processing. Lecture 8
ECE 468: Digital Image Processing Lecture 8 Prof. Sinisa Todorovic sinisa@eecs.oregonstate.edu 1 Image Reconstruction from Projections X-ray computed tomography: X-raying an object from different directions
Διαβάστε περισσότεραTrigonometric Formula Sheet
Trigonometric Formula Sheet Definition of the Trig Functions Right Triangle Definition Assume that: 0 < θ < or 0 < θ < 90 Unit Circle Definition Assume θ can be any angle. y x, y hypotenuse opposite θ
Διαβάστε περισσότεραAreas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates
Kiryl Tsishchanka Areas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates In this section we develop the formula for the area of a region whose boundary is given by a polar equation. We need to use the formula for the
Διαβάστε περισσότεραProblem Set 3: Solutions
CMPSCI 69GG Applied Information Theory Fall 006 Problem Set 3: Solutions. [Cover and Thomas 7.] a Define the following notation, C I p xx; Y max X; Y C I p xx; Ỹ max I X; Ỹ We would like to show that C
Διαβάστε περισσότεραFinite Field Problems: Solutions
Finite Field Problems: Solutions 1. Let f = x 2 +1 Z 11 [x] and let F = Z 11 [x]/(f), a field. Let Solution: F =11 2 = 121, so F = 121 1 = 120. The possible orders are the divisors of 120. Solution: The
Διαβάστε περισσότεραChapter 6: Systems of Linear Differential. be continuous functions on the interval
Chapter 6: Systems of Linear Differential Equations Let a (t), a 2 (t),..., a nn (t), b (t), b 2 (t),..., b n (t) be continuous functions on the interval I. The system of n first-order differential equations
Διαβάστε περισσότεραCHAPTER 25 SOLVING EQUATIONS BY ITERATIVE METHODS
CHAPTER 5 SOLVING EQUATIONS BY ITERATIVE METHODS EXERCISE 104 Page 8 1. Find the positive root of the equation x + 3x 5 = 0, correct to 3 significant figures, using the method of bisection. Let f(x) =
Διαβάστε περισσότεραManaging Production-Inventory Systems with Scarce Resources
Managing Producion-Invenory Sysems wih Scarce Resources Online Supplemen Proof of Lemma 1: Consider he following dynamic program: where ḡ (x, z) = max { cy + E f (y, z, D)}, (7) x y min(x+u,z) f (y, z,
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSection 7.6 Double and Half Angle Formulas
09 Section 7. Double and Half Angle Fmulas To derive the double-angles fmulas, we will use the sum of two angles fmulas that we developed in the last section. We will let α θ and β θ: cos(θ) cos(θ + θ)
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSolutions_3. 1 Exercise Exercise January 26, 2017
s_3 Jnury 26, 217 1 Exercise 5.2.3 Apply composite Simpson s rule with m = 1, 2, 4 pnels to pproximte the integrls: () x 2 dx = 1 π/2 3, (b) cos(x) dx = 1, (c) e x dx = e 1, nd report the errors. () f(x)
Διαβάστε περισσότερα= 0.927rad, t = 1.16ms
P 9. [a] ω = 2πf = 800rad/s, f = ω 2π = 27.32Hz [b] T = /f = 7.85ms [c] I m = 25mA [d] i(0) = 25cos(36.87 ) = 00mA [e] φ = 36.87 ; φ = 36.87 (2π) = 0.6435 rad 360 [f] i = 0 when 800t + 36.87 = 90. Now
Διαβάστε περισσότεραECE Spring Prof. David R. Jackson ECE Dept. Notes 2
ECE 634 Spring 6 Prof. David R. Jackson ECE Dept. Notes Fields in a Source-Free Region Example: Radiation from an aperture y PEC E t x Aperture Assume the following choice of vector potentials: A F = =
Διαβάστε περισσότεραReview-2 and Practice problems. sin 2 (x) cos 2 (x)(sin(x)dx) (1 cos 2 (x)) cos 2 (x)(sin(x)dx) let u = cos(x), du = sin(x)dx. = (1 u 2 )u 2 ( du)
. Trigonometric Integrls. ( sin m (x cos n (x Cse-: m is odd let u cos(x Exmple: sin 3 (x cos (x Review- nd Prctice problems sin 3 (x cos (x Cse-: n is odd let u sin(x Exmple: cos 5 (x cos 5 (x sin (x
Διαβάστε περισσότεραMulti-dimensional Central Limit Theorem
Mult-dmensonal Central Lmt heorem Outlne () () () t as () + () + + () () () Consder a sequence of ndependent random proceses t, t, dentcal to some ( t). Assume t 0. Defne the sum process t t t t () t ();
Διαβάστε περισσότερα1. Τριγωνοµετρικές ταυτότητες.
. Τριγωνοµετρικές ταυτότητες. co( y co( co( y i( i( y i( y i( co( y co( i( y ± m (. ± ± (. π m (. 3 co ± i( i ± π ± co( (. co( co ( i ( (. 5 i( i( co( (. 6 j j co( + (. 7 j j j i ( (. 8 ( ( y ( y + ( +
Διαβάστε περισσότερα( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) β = Chapter 5 Exercise Problems EX α So 49 β 199 EX EX EX5.4 EX5.5. (a)
hapter 5 xercise Problems X5. α β α 0.980 For α 0.980, β 49 0.980 0.995 For α 0.995, β 99 0.995 So 49 β 99 X5. O 00 O or n 3 O 40.5 β 0 X5.3 6.5 μ A 00 β ( 0)( 6.5 μa) 8 ma 5 ( 8)( 4 ) or.88 P on + 0.0065
Διαβάστε περισσότερα3.4 SUM AND DIFFERENCE FORMULAS. NOTE: cos(α+β) cos α + cos β cos(α-β) cos α -cos β
3.4 SUM AND DIFFERENCE FORMULAS Page Theorem cos(αβ cos α cos β -sin α cos(α-β cos α cos β sin α NOTE: cos(αβ cos α cos β cos(α-β cos α -cos β Proof of cos(α-β cos α cos β sin α Let s use a unit circle
Διαβάστε περισσότεραChapter 6: Systems of Linear Differential. be continuous functions on the interval
Chapter 6: Systems of Linear Differential Equations Let a (t), a 2 (t),..., a nn (t), b (t), b 2 (t),..., b n (t) be continuous functions on the interval I. The system of n first-order differential equations
Διαβάστε περισσότεραAreas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates
Kiryl Tsishchanka Areas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates In this section we develop the formula for the area of a region whose boundary is given by a polar equation. We need to use the formula for the
Διαβάστε περισσότεραUniform Convergence of Fourier Series Michael Taylor
Uniform Convergence of Fourier Series Michael Taylor Given f L 1 T 1 ), we consider the partial sums of the Fourier series of f: N 1) S N fθ) = ˆfk)e ikθ. k= N A calculation gives the Dirichlet formula
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΨηφιακή Επεξεργασία Φωνής
ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ Ψηφιακή Επεξεργασία Φωνής Ενότητα 1η: Ψηφιακή Επεξεργασία Σήματος Στυλιανού Ιωάννης Τμήμα Επιστήμης Υπολογιστών CS578- Speech Signal Processing Lecture 1: Discrete-Time
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSection 8.3 Trigonometric Equations
99 Section 8. Trigonometric Equations Objective 1: Solve Equations Involving One Trigonometric Function. In this section and the next, we will exple how to solving equations involving trigonometric functions.
Διαβάστε περισσότερα2. THEORY OF EQUATIONS. PREVIOUS EAMCET Bits.
EAMCET-. THEORY OF EQUATIONS PREVIOUS EAMCET Bits. Each of the roots of the equation x 6x + 6x 5= are increased by k so that the new transformed equation does not contain term. Then k =... - 4. - Sol.
Διαβάστε περισσότεραw o = R 1 p. (1) R = p =. = 1
Πανεπιστήµιο Κρήτης - Τµήµα Επιστήµης Υπολογιστών ΗΥ-570: Στατιστική Επεξεργασία Σήµατος 205 ιδάσκων : Α. Μουχτάρης Τριτη Σειρά Ασκήσεων Λύσεις Ασκηση 3. 5.2 (a) From the Wiener-Hopf equation we have:
Διαβάστε περισσότερα10.7 Performance of Second-Order System (Unit Step Response)
Lecture Notes on Control Systems/D. Ghose/0 57 0.7 Performance of Second-Order System (Unit Step Response) Consider the second order system a ÿ + a ẏ + a 0 y = b 0 r So, Y (s) R(s) = b 0 a s + a s + a
Διαβάστε περισσότεραPARTIAL NOTES for 6.1 Trigonometric Identities
PARTIAL NOTES for 6.1 Trigonometric Identities tanθ = sinθ cosθ cotθ = cosθ sinθ BASIC IDENTITIES cscθ = 1 sinθ secθ = 1 cosθ cotθ = 1 tanθ PYTHAGOREAN IDENTITIES sin θ + cos θ =1 tan θ +1= sec θ 1 + cot
Διαβάστε περισσότερα6.1. Dirac Equation. Hamiltonian. Dirac Eq.
6.1. Dirac Equation Ref: M.Kaku, Quantum Field Theory, Oxford Univ Press (1993) η μν = η μν = diag(1, -1, -1, -1) p 0 = p 0 p = p i = -p i p μ p μ = p 0 p 0 + p i p i = E c 2 - p 2 = (m c) 2 H = c p 2
Διαβάστε περισσότεραAPPENDIX A DERIVATION OF JOINT FAILURE DENSITIES
APPENDIX A DERIVAION OF JOIN FAILRE DENSIIES I his Appedi we prese he derivaio o he eample ailre models as show i Chaper 3. Assme ha he ime ad se o ailre are relaed by he cio g ad he sochasic are o his
Διαβάστε περισσότεραAppendix. The solution begins with Eq. (2.15) from the text, which we repeat here for 1, (A.1)
Aenix Aenix A: The equaion o he sock rice. The soluion egins wih Eq..5 rom he ex, which we reea here or convenience as Eq.A.: [ [ E E X, A. c α where X u ε, α γ, an c α y AR. Take execaions o Eq. A. as
Διαβάστε περισσότεραMatrices and Determinants
Matrices and Determinants SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS: Q 1. For what value of k do the following system of equations possess a non-trivial (i.e., not all zero) solution over the set of rationals Q? x + ky + 3z
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΣήματα και Συστήματα. Διάλεξη 9: Μελέτη ΓΧΑ Συστημάτων με τον Μετασχηματισμό Fourier. Δρ. Μιχάλης Παρασκευάς Επίκουρος Καθηγητής
Σήματα και Συστήματα Διάλεξη 9: Μελέτη ΓΧΑ Συστημάτων με τον Μετασχηματισμό Fourier Δρ. Μιχάλης Παρασκευάς Επίκουρος Καθηγητής 1 Μελέτη ΓΧΑ Συστημάτων με τον Μετασχηματισμό Fourier 1. Μετασχηματισμός Fourier
Διαβάστε περισσότεραThe Student s t and F Distributions Page 1
The Suden s and F Disribuions Page The Fundamenal Transformaion formula for wo random variables: Consider wo random variables wih join probabiliy disribuion funcion f (, ) simulaneously ake on values in
Διαβάστε περισσότεραExercises 10. Find a fundamental matrix of the given system of equations. Also find the fundamental matrix Φ(t) satisfying Φ(0) = I. 1.
Exercises 0 More exercises are available in Elementary Differential Equations. If you have a problem to solve any of them, feel free to come to office hour. Problem Find a fundamental matrix of the given
Διαβάστε περισσότεραOscillation of Nonlinear Delay Partial Difference Equations. LIU Guanghui [a],*
Studies in Mthemtil Sienes Vol. 5, No.,, pp. [9 97] DOI:.3968/j.sms.938455.58 ISSN 93-8444 [Print] ISSN 93-845 [Online] www.snd.net www.snd.org Osilltion of Nonliner Dely Prtil Differene Equtions LIU Gunghui
Διαβάστε περισσότεραHomework 3 Solutions
Homework 3 Solutions Igor Yanovsky (Math 151A TA) Problem 1: Compute the absolute error and relative error in approximations of p by p. (Use calculator!) a) p π, p 22/7; b) p π, p 3.141. Solution: For
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΘεωρία Σημάτων και Γραμμικών Συστημάτων
Θεωρία Σημάτων και Γραμμικών Συστημάτων Σημειώσεις από τις παραδόσεις Για τον κώδικα σε L A TEX, ενημερώσεις και προτάσεις: hps://gihub.com/kongr45gpen/ece-noes 26 Τελευταία ενημέρωση: 23 Ιανουαρίου 27
Διαβάστε περισσότεραLanczos and biorthogonalization methods for eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices
Lanzos and iorthogonalization methods for eigenvalues and eigenvetors of matries rolem formulation Many prolems are redued to solving the following system: x x where is an unknown numer А a matrix n n
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΤεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Σερρών Τμήμα Πληροφορικής & Επικοινωνιών Σήματα και Συστήματα
Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Σερρών Τμήμα Πληροφορικής & Επικοινωνιών Σήματα και Συστήματα Δρ. Δημήτριος Ευσταθίου Επίκουρος Καθηγητής Μετασχηματισμός Fourier Στο κεφάλαιο αυτό θα εισάγουμε και θα μελετήσουμε
Διαβάστε περισσότεραPhys460.nb Solution for the t-dependent Schrodinger s equation How did we find the solution? (not required)
Phys460.nb 81 ψ n (t) is still the (same) eigenstate of H But for tdependent H. The answer is NO. 5.5.5. Solution for the tdependent Schrodinger s equation If we assume that at time t 0, the electron starts
Διαβάστε περισσότερα1. If log x 2 y 2 = a, then dy / dx = x 2 + y 2 1] xy 2] y / x. 3] x / y 4] none of these
1. If log x 2 y 2 = a, then dy / dx = x 2 + y 2 1] xy 2] y / x 3] x / y 4] none of these 1. If log x 2 y 2 = a, then x 2 + y 2 Solution : Take y /x = k y = k x dy/dx = k dy/dx = y / x Answer : 2] y / x
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSecond Order Partial Differential Equations
Chapter 7 Second Order Partial Differential Equations 7.1 Introduction A second order linear PDE in two independent variables (x, y Ω can be written as A(x, y u x + B(x, y u xy + C(x, y u u u + D(x, y
Διαβάστε περισσότερα6.003: Signals and Systems. Modulation
6.003: Signals and Systems Modulation May 6, 200 Communications Systems Signals are not always well matched to the media through which we wish to transmit them. signal audio video internet applications
Διαβάστε περισσότεραy[n] ay[n 1] = x[n] + βx[n 1] (6)
Ασκήσεις με το Μετασχηματισμό Fourier Διακριτού Χρόνου Επιμέλεια: Γιώργος Π. Καφεντζης Δρ. Επιστήμης Η/Υ Πανεπιστημίου Κρήτης Δρ. Επεξεργασίας Σήματος Πανεπιστημίου Rennes 1 8 Οκτωβρίου 015 1. Εστω το
Διαβάστε περισσότεραTables of Transform Pairs
Tble of Trnform Pir 005 by Mrc Stoecklin mrc toecklin.net http://www.toecklin.net/ December, 005 verion.5 Student nd engineer in communiction nd mthemtic re confronted with trnformtion uch the -Trnform,
Διαβάστε περισσότεραHomework 8 Model Solution Section
MATH 004 Homework Solution Homework 8 Model Solution Section 14.5 14.6. 14.5. Use the Chain Rule to find dz where z cosx + 4y), x 5t 4, y 1 t. dz dx + dy y sinx + 4y)0t + 4) sinx + 4y) 1t ) 0t + 4t ) sinx
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSOLUTIONS TO MATH38181 EXTREME VALUES AND FINANCIAL RISK EXAM
SOLUTIONS TO MATH38181 EXTREME VALUES AND FINANCIAL RISK EXAM Solutions to Question 1 a) The cumulative distribution function of T conditional on N n is Pr (T t N n) Pr (max (X 1,..., X N ) t N n) Pr (max
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSelf and Mutual Inductances for Fundamental Harmonic in Synchronous Machine with Round Rotor (Cont.) Double Layer Lap Winding on Stator
Sel nd Mutul Inductnces or Fundmentl Hrmonc n Synchronous Mchne wth Round Rotor (Cont.) Double yer p Wndng on Sttor Round Rotor Feld Wndng (1) d xs s r n even r Dene S r s the number o rotor slots. Dene
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΤΜΗΜΑ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΛΟΓΩΝ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΥΠΟΛΟΓΙΣΤΩΝ
ΗΜΥ ΔΙΑΚΡΙΤΗ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΔΟΜΕΣ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΛΟΓΩΝ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΥΠΟΛΟΓΙΣΤΩΝ ΗΜΥ Διακριτή Ανάλυση και Δομές Χειμερινό Εξάμηνο 6 Σειρά Ασκήσεων Ακέραιοι και Διαίρεση, Πρώτοι Αριθμοί, GCD/LC, Συστήματα
Διαβάστε περισσότεραFourier transform of continuous-time signals
Fourier ransform of coninuous-ime signals Specral represenaion of non-periodic signals Fourier ransform: aperiodic signals repeiion of a finie-duraion signal x()> periodic signals. x x T x kt x kt k k
Διαβάστε περισσότεραb. Use the parametrization from (a) to compute the area of S a as S a ds. Be sure to substitute for ds!
MTH U341 urface Integrals, tokes theorem, the divergence theorem To be turned in Wed., Dec. 1. 1. Let be the sphere of radius a, x 2 + y 2 + z 2 a 2. a. Use spherical coordinates (with ρ a) to parametrize.
Διαβάστε περισσότεραDETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A 2DOF SYSTEM. by Zoran VARGA, Ms.C.E.
DETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A 2DOF SYSTEM by Zoran VARGA, Ms.C.E. Euro-Apex B.V. 1990-2012 All Rights Reserved. The 2 DOF System Symbols m 1 =3m [kg] m 2 =8m m=10 [kg] l=2 [m] E=210000
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΣΤΟΧΑΣΤΙΚΑ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ & ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΕΣ 1o Τμήμα (Α - Κ): Αμφιθέατρο 4, Νέα Κτίρια ΣΗΜΜΥ Θεωρία Πιθανοτήτων & Στοχαστικές Ανελίξεις - 2
ΣΤΟΧΑΣΤΙΚΑ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ & ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΕΣ 1o Τμήμα (Α - Κ): Αμφιθέατρο 4, Νέα Κτίρια ΣΗΜΜΥ Θεωρία Πιθανοτήτων & Στοχαστικές Ανελίξεις - 5.4: Στατιστικοί Μέσοι Όροι 5.5 Στοχαστικές Ανελίξεις (Stochastic Processes)
Διαβάστε περισσότερα= e 6t. = t 1 = t. 5 t 8L 1[ 1 = 3L 1 [ 1. L 1 [ π. = 3 π. = L 1 3s = L. = 3L 1 s t. = 3 cos(5t) sin(5t).
Worked Soluion 95 Chaper 25: The Invere Laplace Tranform 25 a From he able: L ] e 6 6 25 c L 2 ] ] L! + 25 e L 5 2 + 25] ] L 5 2 + 5 2 in(5) 252 a L 6 + 2] L 6 ( 2)] 6L ( 2)] 6e 2 252 c L 3 8 4] 3L ] 8L
Διαβάστε περισσότεραErrata (Includes critical corrections only for the 1 st & 2 nd reprint)
Wedesday, May 5, 3 Erraa (Icludes criical correcios oly for he s & d repri) Advaced Egieerig Mahemaics, 7e Peer V O eil ISB: 978474 Page # Descripio 38 ie 4: chage "w v a v " "w v a v " 46 ie : chage "y
Διαβάστε περισσότεραCHAPTER 48 APPLICATIONS OF MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
CHAPTER 48 APPLICATIONS OF MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS EXERCISE 01 Page 545 1. Use matrices to solve: 3x + 4y x + 5y + 7 3x + 4y x + 5y 7 Hence, 3 4 x 0 5 y 7 The inverse of 3 4 5 is: 1 5 4 1 5 4 15 8 3
Διαβάστε περισσότεραF19MC2 Solutions 9 Complex Analysis
F9MC Solutions 9 Complex Analysis. (i) Let f(z) = eaz +z. Then f is ifferentiable except at z = ±i an so by Cauchy s Resiue Theorem e az z = πi[res(f,i)+res(f, i)]. +z C(,) Since + has zeros of orer at
Διαβάστε περισσότεραThe Euler Equations! λ 1. λ 2. λ 3. ρ ρu. E = e + u 2 /2. E + p ρ. = de /dt. = dh / dt; h = h( T ); c p. / c v. ; γ = c p. p = ( γ 1)ρe. c v.
hp://www.nd.ed/~gryggva/cfd-corse/ The Eler Eqaions The Eler Eqaions The Eler eqaions for D flow: + + p = x E E + p where Define E = e + / H = h + /; h = e + p/ Gréar Tryggvason Spring 3 Ideal Gas: p =
Διαβάστε περισσότερα6.003: Signals and Systems
6.3: Signals and Sysems Modulaion December 6, 2 Communicaions Sysems Signals are no always well mached o he media hrough which we wish o ransmi hem. signal audio video inerne applicaions elephone, radio,
Διαβάστε περισσότεραCRASH COURSE IN PRECALCULUS
CRASH COURSE IN PRECALCULUS Shiah-Sen Wang The graphs are prepared by Chien-Lun Lai Based on : Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus by J. Stuwart, L. Redin & S. Watson, 6th edition, 01, Brooks/Cole Chapter
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΜΕΤΑΣΧΗΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΣ FOURIER ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ FOURIER ΔΙΑΚΡΙΤΩΝ ΣΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ. DTFT και Περιοδική/Κυκλική Συνέλιξη
ΜΕΤΑΣΧΗΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΣ FOURIER ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ FOURIER ΔΙΑΚΡΙΤΩΝ ΣΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ DTFT και Περιοδική/Κυκλική Συνέλιξη Διακριτός μετασχηματισμός συνημιτόνου DCT discrete cosine transform Η σχέση αποτελεί «πυρήνα»
Διαβάστε περισσότεραEcon 2110: Fall 2008 Suggested Solutions to Problem Set 8 questions or comments to Dan Fetter 1
Eon : Fall 8 Suggested Solutions to Problem Set 8 Email questions or omments to Dan Fetter Problem. Let X be a salar with density f(x, θ) (θx + θ) [ x ] with θ. (a) Find the most powerful level α test
Διαβάστε περισσότεραBessel functions. ν + 1 ; 1 = 0 for k = 0, 1, 2,..., n 1. Γ( n + k + 1) = ( 1) n J n (z). Γ(n + k + 1) k!
Bessel functions The Bessel function J ν (z of the first kind of order ν is defined by J ν (z ( (z/ν ν Γ(ν + F ν + ; z 4 ( k k ( Γ(ν + k + k! For ν this is a solution of the Bessel differential equation
Διαβάστε περισσότεραHOMEWORK 4 = G. In order to plot the stress versus the stretch we define a normalized stretch:
HOMEWORK 4 Problem a For the fast loading case, we want to derive the relationship between P zz and λ z. We know that the nominal stress is expressed as: P zz = ψ λ z where λ z = λ λ z. Therefore, applying
Διαβάστε περισσότεραΤεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Σερρών Τμήμα Πληροφορικής & Επικοινωνιών Σήματα και Συστήματα
Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Σερρών Τμήμα Πληροφορικής & Επικοινωνιών Σήματα και Συστήματα Δρ. Δημήτριος Ευσταθίου Επίκουρος Καθηγητής Φυσική Σημασία του Μετασχηματισμού Fourier Ο μετασχηματισμός Fourier
Διαβάστε περισσότεραApproximation of distance between locations on earth given by latitude and longitude
Approximation of distance between locations on earth given by latitude and longitude Jan Behrens 2012-12-31 In this paper we shall provide a method to approximate distances between two points on earth
Διαβάστε περισσότεραSCITECH Volume 13, Issue 2 RESEARCH ORGANISATION Published online: March 29, 2018
Journal of rogressive Research in Mathematics(JRM) ISSN: 2395-028 SCITECH Volume 3, Issue 2 RESEARCH ORGANISATION ublished online: March 29, 208 Journal of rogressive Research in Mathematics www.scitecresearch.com/journals
Διαβάστε περισσότεραInverse trigonometric functions & General Solution of Trigonometric Equations. ------------------ ----------------------------- -----------------
Inverse trigonometric functions & General Solution of Trigonometric Equations. 1. Sin ( ) = a) b) c) d) Ans b. Solution : Method 1. Ans a: 17 > 1 a) is rejected. w.k.t Sin ( sin ) = d is rejected. If sin
Διαβάστε περισσότεραDiracDelta. Notations. Primary definition. Specific values. General characteristics. Traditional name. Traditional notation
DiracDelta Notations Traditional name Dirac delta function Traditional notation x Mathematica StandardForm notation DiracDeltax Primary definition 4.03.02.000.0 x Π lim ε ; x ε0 x 2 2 ε Specific values
Διαβάστε περισσότεραJesse Maassen and Mark Lundstrom Purdue University November 25, 2013
Notes on Average Scattering imes and Hall Factors Jesse Maassen and Mar Lundstrom Purdue University November 5, 13 I. Introduction 1 II. Solution of the BE 1 III. Exercises: Woring out average scattering
Διαβάστε περισσότεραFractional Colorings and Zykov Products of graphs
Fractional Colorings and Zykov Products of graphs Who? Nichole Schimanski When? July 27, 2011 Graphs A graph, G, consists of a vertex set, V (G), and an edge set, E(G). V (G) is any finite set E(G) is
Διαβάστε περισσότεραArithmetical applications of lagrangian interpolation. Tanguy Rivoal. Institut Fourier CNRS and Université de Grenoble 1
Arithmetical applications of lagrangian interpolation Tanguy Rivoal Institut Fourier CNRS and Université de Grenoble Conference Diophantine and Analytic Problems in Number Theory, The 00th anniversary
Διαβάστε περισσότεραTo find the relationships between the coefficients in the original equation and the roots, we have to use a different technique.
Further Conepts for Avne Mthemtis - FP1 Unit Ientities n Roots of Equtions Cui, Qurti n Quinti Equtions Cui Equtions The three roots of the ui eqution x + x + x + 0 re lle α, β n γ (lph, et n gmm). The
Διαβάστε περισσότερα