(#θèù ρr& 4 n< ρr& $ ÏΨ xî

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3 ! : (#θä9ï ôã$$sù óοçfù=è% #sœî) uρ ) :

4 ( 4 4 ( 4 ( šχρã x s? /ä3ª= yès9 ÏµÎ/ Νä38 ¹uρ öνà6ï9 sœ (#θèù ρr& «! $# Ï ôγ yèî/ uρ 4 n1öè% # sœ tβ%ÿ2 öθs9uρ Íρr& öνä3å àρ r& # n?tã öθs9 uρ! u!#y pκà ÅÝó É)ø9$Î/ t ÏΒ θ s% (#θçρθä (#θãψtβ#u t Ï%!$# $pκš r' tƒ ) : βr& # uθ oλù;$# (#θãèî7 Fs? Ÿξsù $yϑíκí5 4 n< ρr& ª!$sù #ZÉ)sù ρr& $ ÏΨ xî ï ä3tƒ βî) t Î/ tø% F{$# uρ È ø y Ï9 uθø9 $# ( (#θä9ï ès? ( )

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6 4 : () () " " ( : ) " ) " ( - : : ÍνÉ yδ $t/ tø) s? Ÿωuρ $yϑçfø Ï ß]ø ym ô ÏΒ Ÿξä3 sù sπ Ψ yfø9 $# y7ã_ ρy uρ MΡ r& ô ä3ó $# ãπ yš$t tƒ uρ ) $yϑåκ ] tã y Í ãρ $tβ $yϑçλm; y Ï ö7ãšï9 ß süø ±9 $# $yϑçλm; } uθó uθsù t ÏΗÍ> à9$# z ÏΒ $tρθä3tf sù nο tyf ±9 $# $tρθä3s? ρr& È s3n= tβ $tρθä3s? βr& HωÎ) Íο tyf ±9 $# ÍνÉ yδ ô tã $yϑä3š/ u $yϑä38 uηtρ $tβ tα$s% uρ $yϑîγï? u öθ y ÏΒ $ ϑ n= sù 9 ρáäóî/ $yϑßγ9 9 y sù š Ï ÅÁ Ψ9 $# z Ïϑ s9 $yϑä3s9 ÎoΤÎ)!$yϑßγyϑ y $s% uρ t Ï$Î# sƒø: $# z ÏΒ

7 ( $yϑßγ1 yš$tρ uρ Ïπ Ψ pgø: $# É u uρ ÏΒ $yϑíκö n=tã Èβ$xÅÁøƒ s $s)ïsû uρ $yϑåκèe u öθy $yϑçλm; ôny t/ nο tyf ±9 $# $s%# sœ Ÿω$s% Î7 Β Aρß tã $yϑä3s9 z süø ±9 $# βî)!$yϑä3 9 è% r&uρíο tyf ±9 $# $yϑä3ù=ï? tã $yϑä3pκ Ξr& óο s9 r&!$yϑåκ 5 u - ( z ƒîå y ø9 $# z ÏΒ sðθä3 uζ s9$oψôϑ ymös? uρ $uζs9 öïøó s? óο 9 βî) uρ $uζ àρ r&!$oψ Η s>sß $uζ / u :

8 ( ) " : : ) " (- " : " (Ecclesiasticus 25 : 19,24) : " "

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11 ( 4 ( 3 4 ( 3 ( : ÏM tfïζ s)ø9 $# uρ t ÏGÏΖ s)ø9 $# uρ ÏM oψïβ σßϑø9 $#uρ š ÏΖÏΒ σßϑø9 $#uρ ÏM yϑî=ó ßϑø9 $#uρ š ÏϑÎ=ó ßϑø9 $# βî)) t Ï%Ïd Á tfßϑø9$# uρ ÏM yèï± y ø9 $# uρ t ÏèÏ± y ø9 $#uρ ÏN ué9 Á9$# uρ t ÎÉ9 Á9$#uρ ÏM s%ï Á9$#uρ t Ï%Ï Á9$# uρ ÏM sàï ysø9 $# uρ öνßγ y_ρãèù ( $Vϑ Ïà tã# ô_r&uρ š ÏàÏ ptø:$#uρ ÏM yϑí Á9 $#uρ t ÏϑÍ Á9 $#uρ ÏM s%ïd Á tfßϑø9$# uρ Zο tïøó ΒΜçλ m; ª!$# tãr& ÏN tå2 %! $# uρ#zïvx!$# š ÌÅ2 %! $# uρ Ç tã tβöθ yγ Ζ tƒ uρ Å ρã èyϑø9$î/ šχρâß ù'tƒ <Ù èt/ â!$ušï9 ρr& öνßγàò èt/ àm oψïβ σßϑø9 $#uρ tβθãζïβ σßϑø9$# uρ) y7í s9 'ρé& ÿ ã&s!θß u uρ!$# šχθãèšïüãƒuρ nο 4θ x 9$# šχθè? σãƒuρ nο 4θ n= Á9$# šχθßϑšé)ãƒ uρ Ìs3Ζßϑø9 $# ( ÒΟŠÅ3ym î ƒí tã!$# βî) ª! $# ãνßγçη xq zy Νä3àÒ èt/ 4 s\ρé& sœ ÏiΒ Νä3ΨÏiΒ 9 Ïϑ tã Ÿ uη xå ßì ÅÊé& Iω ÎoΤr& öνßγš/ u öνßγs9 z>$yftfó $sù ) βtïex _{ (#θè=ïfè% uρ (#θè= tg s% uρ Í? Î6y Îû (#ρèœρé&uρ öνïδì tƒïš ÏΒ (#θã_ì zé&uρ (#ρãy_$ yδ t Ï%!$sù çν y ΨÏã ª! $# uρ <Ù è t/ ÏiΒ «!$# Ï ΨÏã ô ÏiΒ $\/#uθ ro ã yγ Ρ F{$# $pκéjøt rb ÏΒ ÌøgrB ;M Ζy_ öνßγ Ψ n=ï{ Š _{uρ öνíκìe$t Íh y öνåκ ] tã uθèδuρ 4 s\ρé& sœ ÏiΒ $[sî= ¹ Ÿ Ïϑtã ô tβuρ ( 5>$ ÏmÎö tóî/ ( É>#uθẄ9$# $yγn= WÏΒ ωî) # t øgä Ÿξsù Zπy ÍhŠy Ÿ Ïϑtã ô tβ ß ó ãm $pκïù tβθè% y öãƒ sπ Ψ pgø:$# šχθè=äzô tƒ y7í s9 'ρé'sù Ñ ÏΒ σãβ ) Zπt6ÍhŠsÛ Zο 4θ u ym çµ Ζ tí ósãζn= sù Ö ÏΒ σãβ uθèδ uρ 4 s\ρé& ÏiΒ $[sî= ¹ Ÿ Ïϑ tã ô tβ) ( tβθè=yϑ è tƒ (#θçρ$ÿ2 $tβ Ç ômr'î/ Νèδtô_r& óοßγ Ψ tƒì ôfuζs9 uρ

12 : : ( ) x8 y ΨÏã Í< È ø $# Éb> u ôms9$s% øœî) šχöθtãöïù Nr&tøΒ $# (#θãζtβ#u š Ï% #Ïj9 Wξ svtβ ª!$# šu u ŸÑuρ ) zνtƒó s uρ š ÏϑÎ= à9$# ÏΘöθs)ø9 $# š ÏΒ Í_ÅngwΥuρ Ï&Î# yϑ tãuρ šχöθtãöïù ÏΒ Í_ÅngwΥ uρ Ïπ Ψ yfø9 $# Îû $\F t/ $pκíh5 u ÏM yϑî=s3î/ ôms% ¹uρ $oψïmρ ÏΒ ÏµŠÏù $sψ xoψ sù $yγy_ösù ômoψ Áômr& û ÉL 9 $# tβ tôϑïã MoΨö/ $# ( t ÏFÏΖ s)ø9$# z ÏΒ ômtρ%x uρ ÏµÎ7çFä uρ

13 ( ) ( ) " " (- : ) " " : " : (Ecclesiasticus 30:3) (Ecclesiasticus 22:3) " " : " " " " " : " (Ecclesiasticus42:11) " " "

14 (Ecclesiasticus 26:10-11) : ÏΒ ÏΘöθs)ø9$# z ÏΒ 3 u uθtgtƒ Λ Ïàx uθèδuρ #tšuθó ãβ çµßγô_uρ sß 4 s\ρw{$$î/ Νèδß ymr& tïe±ç0 #sœî)uρ ) ( tβθßϑä3øts $tβ u!$y Ÿωr& É>#u I9$# Îû çµ ß tƒôθr& Aχθèδ 4 n?tã çµä3å ôϑãƒr& ÿ ÏµÎ/ uåe³ç0$tβ Ï þθß : yϑï9 Ü=yγtƒ uρ $ZW tρî) â!$t±o yϑï9 Ü=pκ u â!$t±o $tβ ß,è=øƒ s ÇÚö F{$# uρ ÏN uθ yϑ 9 $# Ûù=ãΒ! ) ) : ) : ( u θä %! $# ( ( â!$t± o

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17 " : " ( - : ) " " : " "" (bpes 111 a) " ""

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19 4 ( 4 ( : ϑïβ Èβ$s? r&zö $# uρ ã_tsù È n=ã_u $tρθä3 tƒ öν 9 βî* sù öνà6ï9%ỳ Íh ÏΒ È ø y Íκ y (#ρß Îηô±tFó $# uρ) (4 3 t z W{$# $yϑßγ1 y nî) tåe2 x çfsù $yϑßγ1 y nî) ÅÒs? βr& Ï!# y pκ 9$# z ÏΒ tβöθ Êös? ßìt/ö r& óοïδï tnr& äο y yγt±sù öνßγý àρ r& HωÎ) â!#y pκà öνçλ ; ä3tƒ óο s9uρ öνßγy_ uρø r& tβθãβötƒ t Ï%! $# uρ) z ÏΒ tβ% x βî) Ïµø n= tã «!$# MuΖ è s9 βr& èπ Ïϑ sƒø: $# uρ š Ï%Ï Á9$# z Ïϑ s9 çµ ΡÎ) «!$Î/ N y uηx š Î/É s3ø9 $# z Ïϑs9 çµ ΡÎ) «!$Î/ N y pκ y yìt/ö r& y pκô s? βr& z>#x yèø9 $# $pκ ] tã (#äτ u ô tƒ uρ t Î/É s3ø9 $# ö/ä3ø n= tæ «!$# ã ôòsù Ÿωöθ s9 uρ t Ï%Ï Á9 $# z ÏΒ tβ% x βî)!$pκön= tæ «!$# =ŸÒ xî βr& sπ Ïϑ sƒø:$# uρ çνθç7 øt rb Ÿω 4 ö/ä3ψïiβ πt6óáã Å7øùM}$Î/ ρâ!%ỳ t Ï%! $# βî) îλ Å6 ym ë># θ s?!$# βr&uρ çµçfuη q u uρ çν uö9ï 4 <uθ s? Ï%! $# uρ ÉΟøOM} $# z ÏΒ = tfø $# $ Β Νåκ ]ÏiΒ < Íö $# Èe ä3ï9 ö/ä3 9 ö yz uθèδ ö t/ Νä3 9 #uÿ ( Λ Ïàtã ë># x tã çµs9 öνåκ ]ÏΒ :

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23 4! : Νà6uΖ t/ Ÿ yèy_uρ $yγøš s9î) (#þθãζä3ó tfïj9 %[` uρø r& öνä3å àρ r& ô ÏiΒ /ä3 s9 t,n= y{ βr& ÿ ÏµÏG tƒ#u ô ÏΒuρ ) ( tβρã 3xtGtƒ 5Θöθ s)ïj9;m tƒuψ y7ï9 sœ Îû βî) ºπyϑômu uρ Zο Š uθ Β :

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26 " : (San 71 a, Git 62 a ) "

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28 4 " tã öνä3s9 t ÏÛ βî*sù \'s#øtïυ ÍκÉJ s%ß ¹ u!$ ÏiΨ9 $# (#θè?#u uρ) : ( $\ ÿƒí $\ ÿ ÏΖyδ çνθè=ä3sù$t øtρ çµ ΖÏiΒ& ó x«

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30 " : ( : ) " " : (- : ) " () ()

31 " : (Gittin 90 a-b ) " " : (Ecclesiasticus 25:25) " " ) " ) (Gittin 89a : " ( (Yeb 64 a ) "

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33 3 4 4 ( : (#ρä è{ù's? Ÿξsù #Y $süζï% ßγ1 y nî) óοçf s?#u uρ 8l ρy šχ%x6 Β 8l ρy tα# y ö7ïgó $# ãν?š u r& βî) uρ) ( $YΨÎ6 Β $VϑøOÎ)uρ$YΨ tgôγç/ çµtρρä äzù's? r& $º ø x çµ ΖÏΒ : yšρß ãm $yϑšé)ãƒ ωr&!$sù$sƒ s βr& HωÎ) $º ø x èδθßϑçf s?#u!$ ϑïβ (#ρä è{ù's? βr& öνà6 s9 Ït s Ÿωuρ ) «! $# ßŠρß ãn y7ù=ï? ÏµÎ/ ôn y tgøù$# $uκ Ïù $yϑíκön= tã y$oψã_ Ÿξsù «! $# yšρß ãn $uκ É)ãƒ ωr& Λä øåz βî*sù ( tβθãκî= à9 $# ) : ) : ãνèδ y7í s9 'ρé'sù «!$# yšρß ãn yètgtƒ tβ uρ «! $# $yδρß tg è s? Ÿξsù : - - (

34 4 : ( : ( ) : : ÏµŠÏù ª!$# Ÿ yèøgs uρ $\ ø x (#θèδtõ3s? βr& # yèsù èδθßϑçf δìx βî* sù Å ρã èyϑø9$î/ èδρçå $tãuρ ) ( #ZÏWŸ2 #Zöyz

35 3 4 ( 3 4 ) : ( : ( ) : ô ÏΒ (#θà)xρ r&!$yϑî/ uρ <Ù è t/ 4 n?tã óοßγÿò èt/ ª! $# Ÿ Ò sù$yϑî/ Ï!$ ÏiΨ9$# n?tã šχθãβ θs% ãα% ỳ Ìh9 $# ) tβθèù$sƒ rb ÉL 9 $# uρ ª! $# xáïym $yϑî/ É=ø tóù=ïj9 M sàï ym ìm tgïζ s% àm ysî= Á9$sù öνîγï9 uθøβ r& Ÿξsù öνà6uζ èsû r& βî*sù èδθç/îôñ $# uρ ÆìÅ_$ŸÒ yϑø9 $# Îû èδρãàf δ $# uρ èδθýàïè sù èδy θà±èσ (#θèwyèö/$sù $uκíκè] t/ s $s)ï óοçføåz βî)uρ #ZÎ6Ÿ2 $wšî= tã šχ% x! $# βî) ξ Î6 y Íκön= tã (#θäóö7s? tβ% x!$# βî)!$yϑåκ s]øš t/ ª!$# È,Ïjùuθãƒ $[s n=ô¹î)!#y ƒìãƒ βî)!$yγî= δ r& ô ÏiΒ $Vϑ s3ymuρ Ï&Î# δr& ô ÏiΒ $Vϑs3 ym ( #ZÎ7yz $ ϑšî= tã

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39 4 : : ( : ) " " : : " : ( : ) : u y9å6ø9$# x8 y ΨÏã tóè=ö7tƒ $ ΒÎ) $ Ζ ômî) È ø t$î! uθø9$î/ uρ çν$ ƒî) HωÎ) (#ÿρß ç7 è s? ωr& y7 / u 4 Ós% uρ) $VϑƒÌŸ2 Zωöθs% $yϑßγ 9 è% uρ $yϑèδö pκ ] s? Ÿωuρ 7e é&!$yϑçλ ; à)s? Ÿξ sù $yϑèδÿξï ρr&!$yϑèδß tnr& ( #ZÉó ¹ ÎΤ$u / u $yϑx $yϑßγ Ηxqö $# Éb> è% uρ Ïπyϑôm 9 $# z ÏΒÉeΑ %!$# y$uζy_ $yϑßγ s9ôùï z $# uρ : öà6ô $# Èβr& È tβ% tæ Îû çµè= ÁÏùuρ 9 δ uρ 4 n?tã $ Ζ δuρ çµ Βé& çµ Fn= uη xq Ïµ ƒ y Ï9 uθî/ z ΣM} $# $uζøš ¹uρuρ) ( çåá yϑø9$# n<î) y7 ƒ y Ï9 uθî9 uρ Í<

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44 : tβ$ÿ2 çµ ΡÎ) y# n= y ô s% $tβ ωî) Ï!$ ÏiΨ9 $# š ÏiΒ Νà2äτ!$t/# u yx s3tρ $tβ (#θßså3ζ s? ωuρ ) ( ξ Î6y u!$y uρ $\Fø)tΒ uρzπt±ås sù () " : ( : ) " "" : 7 ρã èoÿï3 èδθãmîh ρr& > ρá è oÿï3 èδθä3å øβ r'sù ßγn= y_r& z øó n=t6 sù u!$ ÏiΨ9 $# ãλä ø) = sû #sœî) uρ ) ÏM tƒ#u (#ÿρä Ï Fs? Ÿωuρ çµ øtρ zο n=sß ô s)sù y7ï9 sœ ö yèøtƒ tβ uρ (#ρß tf ètgïj9 #Y # uåñ èδθä3å ΙäC Ÿωuρ ÏµÎ/ /ä3ýàïè tƒïπyϑõ3åsø9 $# uρé= tgå3ø9 $# z ÏiΒ Νä3ø n= tæ tαt Ρ r&!$tβ uρöνä3ø n= tæ «!$# Myϑ èïρ (#ρãäøœ $#uρ #Yρâ èδ «! $#

45 ( ( Λ Î=tæ > ó x«èe ä3î/!$# βr& (#þθãκn=ôã$# uρ!$# (#θà)? $# uρ # sœî* sù #Zô³ tãuρ 9åκô r& sπyèt/ö r& ÎγÅ àρ r'î/ z óá /u ti tƒ %[` uρø r& tβρâ x tƒuρ öνä3ζïβ tβöθ ùuθtfãƒ t Ï%! $# uρ ) tβθè=yϑ ès? $yϑî/ ª!$#uρ Å ρâ ê yϑø9$î/ ÎγÅ àρ r& þ Îû z ù=yè sù $yϑšïù ö/ä3øš n= tæ y$oψã_ Ÿξsù ßγ n=y_r& z øó n=t/ ( Î6 yz uöxîéαöθ y ø9 $# n<î) $ è tg Β ΟÎγÅ_ uρø X{ Zπ Ï¹uρ %[` uρø r& tβρâ x tƒ uρöνà6ψïβ šχöθ ùuθ tgãƒ t Ï%! $# uρ ) ª! $#uρ 7 ρã è Β ÏΒ ÎγÅ àρ r& þ Îû š ù= yèsù $tβ Îû öνà6ø n= tæ y$oψã_ Ÿξsù z ô_tyz βî* sù 8l# t zî) ( Λ Å6ym î ƒí tã

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66 The Globe and Mail, Oct 4,1994 Leonard J Swidler, Women in Judaism: the Status of Women in Formative Judaism (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1976) p 115 Thena Kendath, "Memories of an Orthodox youth" in Susannah Heschel, ed On being a Jewish Feminist (New York: Schocken Books, 1983), pp Swidler, op cit, pp Rosemary R Ruether, "Christianity", in Arvind Sharma, ed, Women in World Religions (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987) p 209 For all the sayings of the prominent Saints, see Karen Armstrong, The Gospel According to Woman (London: Elm Tree Books, 1986) pp See also Nancy van Vuuren, The Subversion of Women as Practiced by Churches, Witch- Hunters, and Other Sexists (Philadelphia: Westminister Press) pp Swidler, op cit, p 140 Denise L Carmody, "Judaism", in Arvind Sharma, ed, op cit, p 197 Swidler, op cit, p 137 Ibid, p 138 Sally Priesand, Judaism and the New Woman (New York: Behrman House, Inc, 1975) p 24 Swidler, op cit, p 115

67 Lesley Hazleton, Israeli Women The Reality Behind the Myths (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1977) p 41 Gage, op cit p 142 Jeffrey H Togay, "Adultery," Encyclopaedia Judaica, Vol II, col 313 Also, see Judith Plaskow, Standing Again at Sinai: Judaism from a Feminist Perspective (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1990) pp Hazleton, op cit, pp Swidler, op cit, p 141 Matilda J Gage, Woman, Church, and State (New York: Truth Seeker Company, 1893) p 141 Louis M Epstein, The Jewish Marriage Contract (New York: Arno Press, 1973) p 149 Swidler, op cit, p 142 Epstein, op cit, pp Ibid, pp See also Priesand, op cit, p 15 James A Brundage, Law, Sex, and Christian Society in Medieval Europe ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987) p 88 Ibid, p 480 R Thompson, Women in Stuart England and America (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974) p 162 Mary Murray, The Law of the Father (London: Routledge, 1995) p 67 Gage, op cit, p 143 For example, see Jeffrey Lang, Struggling to Surrender,

68 (Beltsville, MD: Amana Publications, 1994) p 167 Elsayyed Sabiq, Fiqh al Sunnah (Cairo: Darul Fatah lile'lam Al-Arabi, 11th edition, 1994), vol 2, pp Abdel-Haleem Abu Shuqqa, Tahreer al Mar'aa fi Asr al Risala (Kuwait: Dar al Qalam, 1990) pp Leila Badawi, "Islam", in Jean Holm and John Bowker, ed, Women in Religion (London: Pinter Publishers, 1994) p 102 Amir H Siddiqi, Studies in Islamic History (Karachi: Jamiyatul Falah Publications, 3rd edition, 1967) p 138 Epstein, op cit, p 196 Swidler, op cit, pp The Toronto Star, Apr 8, 1995 Sabiq, op cit, pp See also Muhammad al Ghazali, Qadaya al Mar'aa bin al Taqaleed al Rakida wal Wafida (Cairo: Dar al Shorooq, 4th edition, 1992) pp Ibid, pp David W Amram, The Jewish Law of Divorce According to Bible and Talmud ( Philadelphia: Edward Stern & CO, Inc, 1896) pp Epstein, op cit, p 219 Ibid, pp Muhammad Abu Zahra, Usbu al Fiqh al Islami (Cairo: al Majlis al A'la li Ri'ayat al Funun, 1963) p 66 Epstein, op cit, p 122 Armstrong, op cit, p 8 Epstein, op cit, p 175

69 Ibid, p 121 Gage, op cit, p 142 B Aisha Lemu and Fatima Heeren, Woman in Islam (London: Islamic Foundation, 1978) p 23 Hazleton, op cit, pp Ibid, p 47 Ibid, p 49 Swidler, op cit, pp Hazleton, op cit, pp Eugene Hillman, Polygamy Reconsidered: African Plural Marriage and the Christian Churches (New York: Orbis Books, 1975) p 140 Ibid, p 17 Ibid, pp Ibid, pp Philip L Kilbride, Plural Marriage For Our Times (Westport, Conn: Bergin & Garvey, 1994) pp The Weekly Review, Aug 1, 1987 Kilbride, op cit, p 126 John D'Emilio and Estelle B Freedman, Intimate Matters: A history of Sexuality in America (New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1988) p 87 Ute Frevert, Women in German History: from Bourgeois Emancipation to Sexual Liberation (New York: Berg Publishers, 1988) pp

70 Ibid, pp Sabiq, op cit, p 191 Hillman, op cit, p 12 Nathan Hare and Julie Hare, ed, Crisis in Black Sexual Politics (San Francisco: Black Think Tank, 1989) p 25 Ibid, p 26 Kilbride, op cit, p 94 Ibid, p 95 Ibid Ibid, pp Ibid, p 118 Lang, op cit, p 172 Kilbride, op cit, pp Sabiq, op cit, pp Abdul Rahman Doi, Woman in Shari'ah (London: Ta-Ha Publishers, 1994) p 76 Menachem M Brayer, The Jewish Woman in Rabbinic Literature: A Psychosocial Perspective (Hoboken, NJ: Ktav Publishing House, 1986) p 239 Ibid, pp Also see Swidler, op cit, pp Ibid, p 139 Susan W Schneider, Jewish and Female (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984) p 237 Ibid, pp

71 Alexandra Wright, "Judaism", in Holm and Bowker, ed, op cit, pp Clara M Henning, "Cannon Law and the Battle of the Sexes" in Rosemary R Ruether, ed, Religion and Sexism: Images of Woman in the Jewish and Christian Traditions (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974) p 272 Donald B Kraybill, The riddle of the Amish Culture (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989) p 56 Khalil Gibran, Thoughts and Meditations (New York: Bantam Books, 1960) p 28 The Times, Nov 18, 1993 :) ( : ) ( : ) ( ( :) :) ( : ) (