Epigenetic modification and cancer

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1 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Vol. 18, No. 1 Feb., (2006) DNA DNA R730.2; R A Epigenetic modification and cancer LU Rong, FANG Jing-Yuan* (Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Renji Hospital, Shanghai , China) Abstract: Carcinogenesis springs from the combined forces of both genetic and epigenetic events. Although the importance of genetic mutations and deletion in cancer have long been recognized, the role of epigenetic modification including DNA methylation and histone modification has been suggested more recently. An epigenetic event alters the activity of genes without changing their structure. This review focuses on the epigenetic molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and progression, and discusses the possibility of new strategies in the development of anticancer treatments. Key words: cancer; epigenetic modification; DNA methylation; histone acetylation (Epigenetics) 1 DNA (2005CB522400) (1973 ) (1962 ) *

2 11 (Waddington CH) Epigenetics 1987 (Holiday R) Epigenetics DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA ( H3-K4) ( H3-K9 H3-K27) [1] DNA DNA [2] DNA DNA (DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt) S- (SAM) (CpG) 5 Dnmt1 Dnmt3a Dnmt3b [3] CpG CpG CpG CpG DNA DNA DNA [4] (CpG ) prb p16 p15 p14 ARF p73 DNA O 6 -MGMT BRCA1 hmlh1 [5] DNA DNA 2.2 DNA ( H3 H4) (H3 7 Lys 2 Ser H4 5 Lys 1 Ser) ADP [6] H3 Lys 9 l4 l8 23 H4 Lys l6 (histone aceytltransferase HAT) A( CoA) Lys ε- DNA DNA DNA (histone deacetylase HDAC) Lys Lys DNA DNA / HAT( p300/cbp pcaf ACTR ) HDAC

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