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- Καλλιστράτης Δελή
- 8 χρόνια πριν
- Προβολές:
Transcript
1 "# % & # ' '
2 )* Router Bridge Repeater Hub Your IEEE X.25 ISDN switched-packet data stream is running at 147 MBPS with -9 a BER of X ,, (
3 . / "# &' ' ( )& * ) )& & +*# * ), - &..**)/ # %& ' %' %&.() %%),.&,.,& ) 0) 0)+ 0,( + %& 0) 1, 2 0' & ' 4 % '2 -
4 .33 )'. 95:::. 8% % 8 ;6% % # " +.6 3( )/ #3 %4 % ( (.() & 8. 80% ). # ) 8 &4 & (& 7& % 40 ).5 3(.< < % # % 7 % & ( 3 <' && 7 "# )' = 95::: 95:::"#4<.. 1'2 8% 8 % % 8 8 ;6% % # % 6 % 4 1><" <7 & ?" <@ ; < <?83??? ;. ; 0. 0 # " % " > 8%" " 8 5
5 > "#? 4 " > :, "# ; ) 4 % 4 4 "#'"# A
6 . </ C 8D E'"# C? F = 6 F = 373 C? 12 < < 3,, "##'>)' )"G. # ' ) 3 ' B
7 3 7 < (<' % ( % % (( % ( 5 3 -<' A8? 3 = 4 #' &0 ' < & # # H
8 - # & > " % # %.. 6"% 8 / <? 8' '? 4 "# % ' # % ' "# 9
9 > L L 142 Freq. Wavelength 60 Hz 5000 km 10 MHz 30 m 1 GHz 30 cm 40 GHz 7.5 mm 100 GHz 3 J J 1K2 ' 4 A "# < 4 ) 1K24 + ' K ' I
10 K C K C K ε C K 1A:HA2 A 5 - HH ( : :I :9 :H :B A: -: :A : (: -: 5: A: B: H: 9: I: :: '12 B "# <'' "# 17<2 K K 1ε 2 #"# K A:HA # 18'2' HA1' 2#"# ' A: ' 1-:2 :
11 7? RS RL ('*'&  C5D E6& #F EF B? B< B9 B B B 2 9 ; < =? A B RL / RS Rs +jx -jx RL ' " 1">M"%2 '.< "# #' 1' 2 4 K ' '& #'"%M:BN&:- '&"%OM:B &:- % & '& #' "# '"#
12 > K KMK K 8 8M:+ ( * 5 # >@ K % ' 4 "# 1 2 (
13 > %) KMK : 2 19: 2 ( * # & 2 '@% #)@ 12 9: ) 1 2 )@ 9: # )@ -
14 > (AΩ KMK K> M(AΩ 8 8 ## 9 (AΩ 1 A:Ω 2%12 6-9: 6 )@ ' A:(A A: 0 9: 0 + #' (A :: 5
15 0#.< 4. " " #" " " 4 M " 4 M " %" %7 % % (( " < Γ, ρ " > 4 "N&P ;N& ;6> %7 % ( % ( < Τ,τ 4 7 ;. ; < "12 1.Q2% #' % " 6" 6" A
16 "7. ) Γ. & M(:1ρ2 M V V M ρ Φ ρ M?'? Γ M Z > Z ) Z > N Z ) )* M?'? M Nρ ρ " %&&' %& (' : ρ. : 0-. < >@ ' 1Γ2 " 4 1ρ2 K R 8 M: ρ M : K > K ρ K > ρ Mρ % "' 1 2" " K :,, 18%"%"28%" '"# 1Nρ261ρ28%" B
17 %<" N&P &C & 4 + Γ Γ " I: % N 9: ( ΓC ρ Φ : 9 B 5 ) : : N" &P. #)# 0 &,& KM: 12 > Γ M S9: ) Capacitive reactance Inductive reactance ## I: <P KMK > Γ M : <<" KM > Γ M : ) 12 = ) '0.Q ' 4 >@ # Γ 1 212% : R9: R 0 /% ' 4 # % & # I-:@ 70% 1 2% )% K ' 4% KR K K# 'A: :- &:AA &HARHA((A &(A # ') % & H
18 7 V 4 :, V <M Τ M V V 4 = τφ 4>1 2M (:> V V 4 = τ ;1 2M(:> V V 4 = τ? Τ 4T8 TL T8 T.Q T8 TJ T8 T.Q' ' ' 4 4 '.Q 9
19 >8 Sin 360 o * f * t A t o A A * Sin 360 o * f (t - t o ) Time phase shift = to * 360 o * f Time f 1 Frequency :, f 1 Frequency Time "-+. 1 '2 1 2 f 1 Frequency A 0 ' 1''2 6 3 ' I
20 <. " / 3 7 # # B ' # 1 2 % ',,:01.<2: 1: ± 2 0 / ' (:
21 3 8 # #12M N6-- N6AA Time Time > Magnitude Frequency Frequency Frequency 0'1 2? (
22 78 # #12M N6-- N6AA Time > Time Magnitude Frequency Frequency Frequency -360 >@0 9: 1 2 ((
23 .> A6. "# N > 1? # # # > 0 > 1 2%.Q 1 2 (-
24 ;. # ω ω ; 7 φ φ ;.12 M φ ω φ ω φ M -B: 6 O 01ω = 2 π 2 φ #.Q 9 ; ;.Q 1 2 & ; & (5
25 3;./ 7 7 φ ω φ ω ;. ;. 4#& & ; /. %' ; ; (A
26 <Q. 0 %(1(&(' M4 N(8( 4( M(4 N((8( 13 4 M8 N(8( 4( M(8 N((8( &3 8 M4 N(4( 8( M(4 N((4( M 8 4 8(M: ' ( M 8 8( 4M: ' < # 0U K 12 #?' (B
27 % & 0UK% % 4& 4 % ( % " :, %(( 7 7( " %( 4 ( ( M % N % ( ( ( M %( N % (( ( = ) 4 % % 0UK % 4 0UK % "# % ( %% %%,%, %%(("# 1%2 1(2 1(2 (H
28 3%7 4 % ( ( K : M % N % ( ( ( M %( N % (( ( % " :, a 2 = 0 > S 11 = Reflected Incident S 21 = Transmitted Incident = b 1 a 1 a 2 = 0 = b 2 a 1 a 2 = 0 S 22 = Reflected Incident S 12 = Transmitted Incident = b 2 a 2 a 1 = 0 = b 1 a 2 a 1 = 0 K : > a 1 = 0 :, % ( % (( " 4 ( ( +? % %( K 1 2 ( % '.Q %( ' > ( 1 2%(( %( %(('.Q %(' % 1 2 ( 1 & # % 1 2 (9
29 ?%7 <3 %M % ' %((M% ' %(M %' %(M%' -(3 (33 +( 3 A % 4 % %'' ) %1' 2 (I
30 <. "" / C % C? Time Time Frequency Frequency 2B &. ',, 7 ' '>< 3 ' 1 2 -:
31 . " / / " # 3 # 3 G 1 2 &G 2 1G 2' ' % ' 4# % '
32 / %.. 6"%??' ' 2 4' -(
33 ;. 4 :, +:.)8 " 3 8.,+ )8,E.F.8(8),8 EF,.%,,8 EF.8)808.8,8),+..+)8+. H 22 0 &4 = % C % C " C 76 '3 ' --
34 % +:.)8 4 " :, 3 8.,+ % % 3 (2 )8,E.F.8(8),8,.%,,8 EF EF.8)808.8,8),+..+)8+. H 29 18<)2 '?' 8<) 3 ' -5
35 %% +:.)8 4 " :, 3 8.,+ C C )8,E.F.8(8),8,.%,,8 EF EF.8)808.8,8),+..+)8+. H. 7 2; '&,,' % 1 2 B. 12 : Q 0.<.Q% ' -A
36 . 4+ I C L )& Test port Directivity = Isolation (I) - Fwd Coupling (C) - Main Arm Loss (L) 2< Q #'@ ).@ 4. =.1 2M41 2 # <#1 2 >121 2 ' 1 2 ' -B
37 4..Q 1?<2 :.Q">M5: %' "> -:.. 12 B:.. # % M8 % 2=..Q4.Q@ -H
38 . 4 :, 43 % 12 +:.)8 " 3 8.,+.8(8),8,.%,,8 )8,E.F EF EF "#.< < B%" <;3".8)808.8,8),+..+)8+. H C' C% & 6 C 4 C ; "# 4## 4#M# >) ± # "# "#"% B%" <;3" >) C 6 C 7 66 C,I & C 4 4# 2? "#.<4 "# 1 < 2. "# 1J :30 L (BA;0 2 '. =B: B:HA. <.< &.< "#?' ;<.< ) >) 1>)2'"#,,14#2>) "#4# "#4# 3 1.<2 1.%72 ' 4# &4# #' 1 (BA;03 4# 1 & ' 2 ' "# 4# -9
39 ." 100 Error Due to Interfering Signal 10 Error (db, deg) N Interfering signal (db) 2A 1 2 (:OV ± W V W ' : 12B 12 '#' : :B -I 1 2 9: & I ) -I
40 6"8%7%, 37 % % " " "( 7 7( 7 7( # :, # :, " "# ( 4 "#( 4 9B #616"2 "#.Q 6" %0 6" %.Q %"# % 1(2 % 6" '"# %= % 1.Q20 ' 3 1A2 5:
41 76. 4 :, +:.)8 " 3 8.,+ )8,E.F.8(8),8 EF,.%,,8 EF.8)808.8,8),+..+)8+. H % 9 & 6 3 % ) 63@ )'?A::6 5
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
43 \7%8.( -:: 0-BI;0 0"# (65?9-A' (6-?99:' ' "#*& - +*' 4:**I 3 & 4) )+%)+% 4J ;2B (7B-A(:5:A:;0 57(:;0 0 8 "# 0 0 J 8?2<'8?2< (7:30(:5:A:BH;0 0 % G ' 92 7R?' >Q%;747 % #' %<74<)36.<)3? R #' # 6 % ' > Q% ' "G. 3 "# 3 #= = =
44 \?%8 8 *& - +*#& ) 4:**I3 & 40 84J 8;B<8;B< -:: 0A6-;0 8 (6"%7A:HAΩ "# > ' ( 8 #G %"><8 8J 8;B=B8;B= -:: 0-69A;0 (6-65A:Ω Q G 8#'% < #)3 %&,?>9H:HA< B(HAΩ?(-5??A:I HIA:Ω 99?% "# %?'?> %?> 8 4 R A-;06"%7 A:HA? ' Q -9A ;04 'G 6 #==
45 \>#G )%8 (7&E(F4 8;BB : 09:6-::30? = ) I 4 92A;92A< :0A::3015-IA26:: 09;015-IB2 4 ### 4 4%4< % '?=98,8 EF --;0 EF &?=;28,8?=AB8,8 -B;0 -A(:5:;0?;B) EF :;0& 9; 6 3 = C 9H(65?6?%?>1?A:B?A:B(2 C 9HA-?6?%?1?A:H:?A:H2 C 9HI6(:6((?6?%7 7>1?9-B' A(-:2 C 9A:<71?9-B'?9-B A(A:2 5A
46 /? / <F??' ' - #4 > 4 4 '' 9< 4' /4? ''? ' ' 5B
47 3? = * 4 & 3. 8G Q. 9= >@ = % 1 2 % " 14# H
48 %3?. < :, ' 16"2 16"2 % 3 > ? % &? ' '1 2 59
49 ?< E F & SHORT % OPEN % LOAD 9A 12 " 1 2" & ' ' 5I
50 8?</ 7 C C 4 12 C- C (&4 1 2 C( C ( 1%)>2 % C C)K,8(,+%:,%,)"),:)K,:8L CQ ;B 8 ) 1 2# 1 %)>2% Q% 3<00?<Q><>4"4)Y4Q%?.+4 1 ' '2 % '?1?<2 3?<?< = C< C" C" A:
51 "=)73 "# "# 8?. M. %?.? % %? " M"? % M%3 % 3 % 3? " % 3 M3 % M, * &2 27& 2& %3M?.N?" %?% % 4(.Q 1 2= ; 4 ' K % % 4 1 '2 4.Q 1' 2 4 ' ' A
52 )7< : (: (:. &EF 5: : 0-. B: :: B::: 30 (::: ; A(
53 7?< # Port 1 E X Port 2 a 1 " Port 1 Port 2 S 21 A E RT' b 2 a 1 ES S 21 A E TT b 2 b 1 E L' S 11 A S 22 E E D' A S' a 2 b 1 ED S 11 A S 22 A E L a 2 E TT' S 12 A E RT S 12 A EX' E D = fwd directivity E S = fwd source match E RT = fwd reflection tracking E D' = rev directivity E S' = rev source match E RT' = rev reflection tracking E L E TT E X = fwd load match = fwd transmission tracking = fwd isolation EL' = rev load match ETT' = rev transmission tracking E X' = rev isolation?% % % +++ S11m E D S m E D S E E S RT E S E m E X S 1 22 ' 21 12m E X ' ( )( + ' ) L ( )( ) RT ' E TT E TT ' 11 a = S m E D' S E m E D S E S E RT E S E L E m E X S ' 21 12m E X ' ( )( ' ) ' L ( )( ) RT ' E TT E TT ' S21m E X S22m E D ' ( )( 1 + ( E E S TT E S ' E L )) RT ' 21 a = S m E D S E m E D E S ' S ' ( )( E RT E S ' ) E L ' E ( 21m E X S )( 12m E X ) RT ' L E TT E TT ' S E ' S E ( 12m X )( m D ( E ' )) E TT ' E S E L S RT 12a = S ' ' ( m E D S E )( m E D S ' ) ' ( )( ) E S E RT E RT ' S E L E m E X S m + + E X L E TT E TT ' S ' ( 22m E D S )( 11 m E D S ' E ) ' ( )( ) E RT ' E S E 21 m E X S 12 m 1 + E X L ' S RT E TT E TT 22a = S ( m E D S E m E D ' S E S E RT E S E L E m E X S m E X ' )( 1 22 ' ) ' L ( 21 )( 12 + ) RT ' E TT E TT ' ;2 & % % % % % +++ S m E D S E E RT E S E m E X S 1 22 ' 21 12m E X ' ( )( + ' ) L ( )( ) RT ' E TT E TT ' S m E D' S E m E D S E S E RT E S E L E m E X S ' 21 12m E X ' ( )( ' ) ' L ( )( ) RT ' E TT E TT ' S11m E D S11 a = S m E X S21 a = 21 S22m E D ' ( )( 1 + ( E E TT E S ' E L )) RT ' S m E D S 1 11 E m E D E S 1 22 ' S ' ( + )( + E RT E S ' ) E L ' E ( 21m E X S )( 12m E X ) RT ' L E TT E TT ' S12a = S12m E X ' S11m E D ( )( 1 + ( E ' )) E TT ' E S E L RT S ' ' ( m E D S E )( m E D S ' ) ' ( )( ) E S E RT E RT ' S E L E m E X S m E X + + L E TT E TT ' S22a = S22m ' ( E D S )( 11 m E D S ' E ) ' ( )( ) E RT ' E S E 21 m E X S 12 m E X 1 + L RT E TT E TT ' S ( m E D S E m E D ' S E S E RT E S E L E m E X S m E X ' )( 1 22 ' ) ' L ( 21 )( 12 + ) RT ' E TT E TT ' A-
54 < =%> 7. < = Q.Q.Q.Q LOAD :, :, LOAD ;9 < # Q.Q4 1'.Q'2.Q ' 1.Q 24.Q.Q 1 2 A5
55 ? <% :)+..8), , (:4 +., :, < ; 8") < :,? Q " < SHORT OPEN LOAD :, # "=. % " SHORT OPEN LOAD :, SHORT OPEN LOAD 0 "=. % " < ;; ' AA
56 <%.. & # # O 6" E4 F - - %' % E 4 F,,, ) & # # SHORT OPEN O 12 LOAD %' 6" E* F % E 4 F ;< 6"1?2 %1?%2 6" ' 6" ( AB
57 "?'Q)7< G 9BEBBF :, #G ;? #G E?AFE<FE?AFCBB & 4 ) :, #G?E<F :, <.E;?F E?AF ()* + ρ M: % & & G 4BDE;?@BB@BBF C9E49<F 4BDE;?4 BB4 BBF C<9 E@B9F (: ;= 0' 4'B >@ ( ' ' 1 :::2.Q1:A92 ' ' 1:::2 :::N:::M :: :A9 B 5 (B AH
58 Q)7<N % & & G 4BDE;?@B2AF C9E4AF #G?E<F 4BDE;?4 B2AF C?; E@;F G 9BEBBF :, #G ;? #G E?AFEB9FE?AFCBA #G E?AFE2<FE<FE2<FE?AFCBB M::N::N:IM:-I B & E2<F -.CB;EB9F :, <.E;?F E?AF & ;? >@ 4 : ' ' 1 2 ' (: 0 #' %":A (9B 1(:OV:'1 -(-6(:2N:'1-96(:2W2 : -(- 1%"M:A2-9 : ) N(A I N:5 5B : 1 2 A9
59 ?'Q"< ">M5 1(::2 ">M9 1(B2 12 ) : CE:ρ ρ F CEM EBBFE<FF CM B 3 ;A >@ ' " 4 1.Q 2#' ±:(( 1' 2 AI
60 #3 "< %M 5 1(::2 :, E?AF <.E;?F > M 9 1(B2.Q > 6.Q= 1(B21A92M:(: > 6%3= 1(B219I21(::219I2M:(:, & & 4B<;4 BC4 B?= 3 MS1:(:N:(:N:-(2 MS :H( MN:B: :BA %6.Q3= 4'.Q.Q).Q '.Q 1:(:N:(:N:-(M:H(24 N:B: :BA :(( ± :9A B:
61 3 "< %M 5 1(::2 :, <.E;?F > M 9 1(B2 0" 4 1(B21A92M:(: 1A921(::2M:-(, & & 4B9<4 BC4 B<? 3 MS1:(:N:-(2 MS :A( MN:55 :5B 'B ' ± :5A ) ± :BH ± :9A B
62 #3 < %M -A 1:H92 8 & #C2;L :, E?AF <.E;?F > M 9 1(B2 ) : C(1 ± ρ ρ ) CEM EB=?FE<FF CM B 1(B21A92M:(: 1(B219I21:H9219I2M::9 1 :(:2 1A921:H92M::(91 :-(2 3 MS1:(:N::9N::(92 MS :(5B MN:( :(B, & & G B@BCM B9 4? " < ' -A 5 1± ::( ± :(( 2 ) ± :(5 ± :9A B(
63 Q< 7 %M -A 1:H92 : 1-B2 %"M:A1:(5-(5 2 M9 1(B2 :, E?AF <.E;?F? M1-B21-B21(B2N:(5 M:-BB1(9H 2 3 MS1::BN:::AN::(92 MS ::I- 1:-BB21A92M::B 1 :(:2 MS ::9 1:-BB219I21:H9219I2M:::A 1 ::92 1A921:H92M::(9 ) : C(1 ± ρ ρ ) CEM EB=?FEB2<<FF CM B, & & G BB@B?CM BBA <2 4 ' : %":A1 '2 (9H : )1±: 2 ±::I 6" B-
64 <3Q 7<. M 5H % M -B > M 5H " M :I M :(B 4 M ::. & :, E?AF <.E;?F 2 11m 11a D 11a S 21a 12a L 11a RT S = S ± ( E + S E + S S E + S ( 1 E )) 2 2 = ± ( * * *. 0022) = ±.0088 = 16 db db, db (worst-case),& S = S ± S ( E / S + S E + S S E E + S E + ( 1 E )) 21m 21a 21a I 21a 11a S 21a 12a S L 22a L TT 6 2 = ± ( 10 / * *. 0158* * ) = ±.0056 = 1 db ±0.05 db (worst-case) <9 0' ' 1±:A ±::A 27 # 1"%%2 1 2 ± 3σ 12 =?. M? % M? > M? " M? M? 4 M 12 M M B5
65 <3?' ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± <; 0 BA
66 " 7< % & <0 %( G3 3; 6 "?#: <0( 3?3 3; 6 "?#: < < Q '( ( %"(::::::30 %)7B::::::30 << >@ : +0 ± BB
67 ?<=?< C 8 -: 0BH;0 C?1A:Ω HAΩ2 C % C 0 ' 9A:I(< "3 +- 5BI <= '"> 12?< 1 2 # 0 74# # ' "#?< =#7<HHB-A(I((5 9A"# 9A:I'< BI' #?<=,, BH
68 ?<>Q< 8? 40? 9?7 - -? >? ( ( 40 A? 2? <??<?<?< = C?<>?<> C5?<>.Q? 8?<>Q C '' '?<>?<> 8 '?<> % ' B9
69 < ρ & ρ :, )& C9B :,,.Q%312 %. 7<H%312 )4= # (9 7<H%312 %"=:B H 7<H12N12%312 %"=:A%"=(A 5 7<H12N12%312N%31212 %"=:A%"=(A%"=A <A.Q4.Q.Q 1 2 = (:1< N ρ 2 4 %"A1' K 1ρ > M :2 R 5 % < 1 2 ' 1 2 BI
70 <4. - # #&#* - # > ' '17<H2 - # 4 > 1 '2 1 '2 - # ##4 > :, =B #' & '' 4 ' H6B %3 ) ' H:
71 %? 3 :, # 3 (( - (" :, -3.Q = '1%3 '24 '#' %3 7<H H-A H-A 3@ '.Q 1 2 H
72 "< < 49HA-9H(:9A: 7?< Q.Q :, ) ) ) ) V<>WV3)"?WV3).4#U<>%?W V.7?""?3)8>W 7( ( % (7( %( -Q.7?""?3)8> :, 53.Q = 49HA-9H(:9A: 7.Q1 2 -A (5 9A: # 4 4.Q H(
73 Q < :, %'. C 02# C -%' C 0/ C 0/ C# + :, # +,#& # + =2 :,#&) Q )? = 8 " "( % 8.M>67 Q.) 0 #( R #( H-
74 ">1">2< %)> 1%)>2 ">/ ; '1 ' 2 Q( %)> Q =">152 ">O1 2 )=>"31>"32 "31"32.(/ 3 + =9 % '>@ ">12 '' 4 %)>">( %)> "> ' "> "> 1 2 #"# 124 "> ">' ' ">"> 5 ">O1,">,2)1 2>">1>">2>"31>"32 "31"32 H5
75 /??' # 3' ' =; ' HA
76 #% # % & 65 db ) 46 "& 4 ) " 4 6 ;. =< % ) ' & & & 1: 2 3 ' ' # 4 HB
77 )#3 % >3 G=?< 1(:-::0: 2 4 G2B 1(:@G 2 == 3 1 9HA- 9H(:? 7%2 4# Q R R 4# 1 '2 1 '2R.Q 1' 6>2 ' 6 4# ' HH
78 <3 "#%#&' ()##&*'# "'+ :#&#% -*#,0.05,0,0 )#6*### 7*'###8 79 '23 4& '23 )#'#,-./0--(1 =? ' < R C 1 8%"2 C C C C C % ' < < ' <. R C C C C C ) 41)42 )' &1<7"2 1?832 1<<.#2 1?"2 H9
79 F >3 Input Match Gain & 2 Isolation Input power (R1) Output Match Phase & Delay =A %%%( %( %(( # 5:9H> ;<3 HI
80 7 % ;< )71 2 < > 1M % Gain (S21) Output power (B) Input power (R1) ) 7 Input power at 1 db compression point ( dbm) G?B 3 7 Q O 1%(6"2 FHA < O 1 2 9:
81 373< :, %. % 4 % )C %E F %E F EF )" N ) Phase (S21) % 4 % CB=9 % % &? Z ?"2?' #3Z7%Y BZ3?" 373?" 46Z 373>@ 373 #B5Z ' %( "#
82 % 0. 2*#; & #*#;& fo fo 2fo 3fo... 3 % ' >? 1< 23 1( - *2 < 12(( 1( *# \ ) % 3'<1%3<2 # 5:99%03 #)3 1#)327 7>1?9-B'?9-B A(-:2 "#?1?A:H:?A:H2 9(
83 4.F ( " f1 f2 f1 2f1 f2 f2 2f2 f1 "# # " 3 % ' Combiner LPF Isolator * +? < # ( ( =N( M:±±( (( (F (& ' % 43. ) \ '?%;7%; > 4 \43. ) 43.((( (F ( ' ' <) #)3 \ ) 41)447-2 R M712N] V712F '^71((271((2_W 4'47-1 2MI-N] VI-F 15-:2WMN99B # 5:9I4.3 9-
84 3'< 3<> & RF IF LO & && && Conversion loss db = 10 log Function of LO power mag(f in ) mw mag(f out ) mw & Conversion Loss Conversion Loss A A IF RF LO f IF RF LO f Swept IF Fixed IF?9 ' 4 < < < ' ' >) "# >) 4# ' & 4 >)"# '4# "# 4 4# 4#' >) "#4 >) & "#4.Q 95
85 %3'< 3% C' C C0 C" ( GPIB DUT LO -)#' * GPIB Power meter?; %3'<1%3<2 %1 2 6 %3< ( 4 = (=47Q )Q7Q.Q 8 # R 5:93'3Q#< 5:9(3'<> ;.3 < 5:9-3 <Q#< 5B-B3'3Q#)3 5B-H3'<>3 9A
86 3'< <7 phase reference plane #' &#%' 0*# 0<# φ => >=> φ => >=> t t Remember: Phase is a relative measurement Must be made on two signals with the same frequency?< 4 '% " >) > >) >) 4'1 2 12) 12 ) 4 <-A 9B
87 83'< C3 C" ',# = 1? =1? %& '(" OPEN SHORT LOAD =DE = '6 1%%(( D<(E2 2= '6 b2 LOAD OPEN SHORT?= 83'<183<2 %3'< 83< 4= '6 D'E' '1 28 ' # R 5:93'3#< 5:9(3'<> ;.3 < 5:9-3 <#< 5B-B3'3Q#)3 5B-H3'<>3 9H
88 3 < )/ + * ), %"-. Conversion loss (db) % ) % *?? %3'< "# (: "# I5 :5;0 4#-5 55;0 >)-;0 5:: 5 ;0 (:: 4# :::0 7%; >) N: ' 5) ;0 & ( :A 4 ( ' 83'< ' ' 1 24 ' '0 ' ' < 99
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