Αγγλική Τουριστική Ορολογία

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Ορολογία Ενότητα 9: Tourism and the environment

1 ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Πειραιά Τεχνολογικού Τομέα Αγγλική Τουριστική Ορολογία Ενότητα 9: Tourism and the environment Κουτσογιάννη Ευαγγελία Τμήμα Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων

2 Άδειες Χρήσης Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό υπόκειται σε άδειες χρήσης Creative Commons. Για εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, όπως εικόνες, που υπόκειται σε άλλου τύπου άδειας χρήσης, η άδεια χρήσης αναφέρεται ρητώς. 2

3 Χρηματοδότηση Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό έχει αναπτυχθεί στα πλαίσια του εκπαιδευτικού έργου του διδάσκοντα. Το έργο «Ανοικτά Ακαδημαϊκά Μαθήματα στο Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Πειραιά Τεχνολογικού Τομέα» έχει χρηματοδοτήσει μόνο τη αναδιαμόρφωση του εκπαιδευτικού υλικού. Το έργο υλοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Εκπαίδευση και Δια Βίου Μάθηση» και συγχρηματοδοτείται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινωνικό Ταμείο) και από εθνικούς πόρους. 3

4 In this section you will Σκοποί Ενότητας get an understanding of the physical impacts of tourism on the environment; learn the concept of sustainable tourism; practice terms related to tourism development and management. 4

5 Περιεχόμενα Ενότητας Concern for the environment Negative impacts of tourism Sustainable tourism Exercise 1 5

6 Tourism and the environment 1 6

7 Concern for the environment In recent years, in particular since the early 1980s, modern society has become concerned with conservation, rather than exploitation, of the environment. Governments societies and individuals alike have become more aware that, in the long run, the survival of the human race depends not on the domination of nature and the environment but a harmonious, sustainable co-existence with our natural surroundings. Issues such as the destruction of the rain forests, the greenhouse effect and global warming resulting from the burning of fossil fuels, acid rain, and the depletion of the ozone layer have become of international concern. 7

8 Negative impacts of tourism (1) Concern about the negative impacts of tourism have been expressed for almost as long as tourism itself has existed. For example, in 1848 Thomas Cook wrote in his handbook for visitors to Belvoir Castle that to the shame of some rude folk from Lincolnshire, there have been just causes of complaint some large parties have behaved indecorously. (cited in Sharpley 2005, Tourism, Tourists &Society) 8

9 Negative impacts of tourism (2) In Britain the national park movement, culminating in the 1949 Act, was the first attempt to reconcile the demands of tourists with the need to protect the environment, but it was not until the late 1960s that concern about the effects of tourism became more widespread. A number of organisations expressed alarm at the rapid spread of mass, package tourism, predicting that the economic benefits of tourism could soon be outweighted by the costs associated with tourism s negative impacts. 9

10 Sustainable tourism (1) Since the 1980s new alternative forms of tourism have been suggested to counter the impacts of mass tourism; variously termed as responsible tourism, green tourism, appropriate tourism or eco-tourism, they all share the viewpoint that tourism should be sustainable. This means that tourism should be developed in harmony with the environment, maintaining a balance between the needs of local communities, visitors, the tourism industry and the physical, social and cultural environment. 10

11 Sustainable tourism (2) Various organizations, such as Tourism Concern, Green Flag International, the Centre for the Advancement of Responsive Travel and the Ecumenical Coalition On Third World Tourism, strive to increase awareness of the impacts of tourism and to promote forms of tourism that respect the local environment and the needs of local communities. Others stress that the responsibility for sustainable tourism lies within tourists themselves, seeing the way forward as the development of good tourism (Wood and House 1991). Source: Wood,K. & House,S. (1991) The Good Tourist, cited in Sharpley,R. (2005) Tourism, Tourists &Society, ELM Publications. 11

12 Exercise 1 (1) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. In the early 1980s, environmentalists defined as the maximum level of tourists that can be supported without causing excessive environmental deterioration and without leading to a decline in visitor satisfaction. a. tourism-carrying capacity b. tourism balance c. tourism activity 12

13 Exercise 1 (2) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. If the primary goal is one of protection and of the environment in an untouched form then, in all truth, there cannot be tourism development at all. (Cater, E.1993 Ecotourism in the Third World. Tourism Management 14(2). a. reservation b. conservation c. reconstruction 13

14 Exercise 1 (3) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Many countries, particularly in the developing world, are unwilling to the concept of sustainable tourism because for them the development of tourism is seen as a valuable tool to aid economic growth. a. hug b. involve c. embrace 14

15 Exercise 1 (4) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Many developing countries cannot afford to be ; caring for the environment is a luxury to be indulged in once the basic needs have been catered for. In other words, they require greater amounts of foreign exchange than can be earned from the small-scale, sustainable approach to tourism. a. environmentally aware b. environmentally positive c. sustainable developed 15

16 Exercise 1 (5) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Unlike those countries which have profitable tourism industries and diverse economies and can afford conservation programs, developing nations depend on largescale tourism development as a vital source of income. a. established b. installed c. created 16

17 Exercise 1 (6) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Much of the environmental concern surrounding tourism is motivated not by the need to protect the environment per se, but to sustain it as a upon which tourism depends. (Sharpley 2005, Tourism, Tourists &Society.) a. source b. means c. resource 17

18 Exercise 1 (7) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. To foster a beneficial relationship between tourism and the environment requires public sector to plan and manage tourism development. a. meddling b. interaction c. intervention 18

19 Exercise 1 (8) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. On the positive side, tourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to spread awareness of environmental problems bringing people into closer contact with nature and the environment. a. touch with b. contact with c. relationship to 19

20 Exercise 1 (9) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. The negative impacts are mostly linked with the modification of land usage and the construction and management of such as roads and airports, and of tourism, including resorts, hotels, restaurants, shops, golf courses, and marinas. a. amenities.. facilities b. infrastructures. facilities c. constructions. services 20

21 Exercise 1 (10) Vocabulary Click on the most appropriate word or phrase to complete the sentences. Inappropriate tourism development can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to soil erosion, increased air, soil and marine pollution, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened to forest fires. a. vulnerability b. susceptibility c. mobility 21

22 Τέλος Ενότητας

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