10ppm. to r g from recom binant DNA clones in m amm alian

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1 Carcinogenesis T eratogenesis and M utagenesis V o l 9 N o ( ) 10ppm, B 1 (vitam in B 1) KC lo 3 ( ) N H 4 + G +, ppm, 9, 58. 4%, ; ; ;, g, g to r g from recom binant DNA clones in m amm alian, g 5. : ; ;,, 1. C line M J. Perspectives fo r gene therapy: Inserting new genetic info rm ation into m amm alian cells by physical techniques and viral vecto rs. P harm ac T hera, 1985; 29: C line M J. Gene therapy: Current status and future direc2 tions. S chw eiz M ed W sch r, 1986; 116 (43) : A nderson W F. P ro spects of gene therapy. S cience, 1984; 226: L edley FD. Som atic gene therapy fo r hum an disease: background and p ro spects. J P ed iat, 1987; Part g 110 (1) : 1, Part g 110 (1) : A nson D S, et al. The gene structure of hum an antihaemoph ilic facto r g. EM B O J, 1984; 3 (5) : A nson D S, et al. Exp ression of active hum an clo tting fac2 cells. N ature, 1985; 315: Choo KH, et al. Exp ression of active hum an blood clo t2 ting facto r g in transgenic m ice: U se of a cdna w ith comp lete mrna sequence. N uc A cid R es, 1987; 15 (3) : Kurachi K, et al. Iso lation and characterization of a cdna coding fo r hum an facto r g. PN A S, 1982; 79 (21) : E llis J, et al. Gene targeting w ith retroviral vecto rs: Re2 com bination by gene conversion into regions of nonho2 mo logous. M ol Cellu lar B iol, 1989; 9: Kurata S I, et al. T he laser m ethod fo r efficient introduc2 tion of fo reign DNA into cultrued cells. E xp Cell R es, 1986; 162: M ann R, et al. Construction of a retrovirus pack ing m u2 tant and its use to p roduce helper- free detective retro2 virus. Cell, 1983; 33: Eglitis M A, et al. Retroviral vecto r fo r introduction of genes into m amm alian cells. B iotechniques, 1988; 6 (7) : T hom as KR, et al. H igh frequency targeting of genes to specific sites in the m amm alian genom e. Cell, 1986; 44: Sedivy JM, et al. Po sitive genetic selection fo r gene dis2 rup tion in m amm alian cells by homo logous recom bina2 tion. P roc N atl A cad S ci U SA, 1989; 86:

2 A STUDY ON CARC INOGENESIS OF ENDOGENOUS N ITR ITE AND N ITROSAM INE, AND PREVENT ION OF CANCER H uang Yuguang et al 1, J i Judan et al 2 1 H ang z hou M un icip a l N o. g H osp ita l H ang z hou , 2 D ep a rtm en t of Z hej iang F lax T ex 2 tile M ill AbstractT he cancerou s patien ts w ith salivary den sity h igher than 10ppm num ber tw ice as m any as healthy person ṡ T h is indicates that the endogenou s is co rrelated w ith the canceṙ By app lying a cu ltu red m edium m odified by vitam in B 1 o r KC lo 3. W e have found that m any bacteria in hum an body (especially the bow els) can n itrify N H 4 + to. can com b ine w ith a second am ine to n itro sam ine w h ich is a carcinogen. W e feed m ice u sing G + coccu s w h ich can lead to a p recancerou s lesion and m amm ary carcinom a, and p rove that the n itrification in viva is carcinogenesiṡ W e have tested a m ethod to p reven t the cancer a2 m ong 7000 w o rkers. T he patien ts suffered from sligh t digest o rgan sym p tom es w ith salivary den sity of over 10ppm fo r 3 con secu tive days can be ou r targets fo r p reven tive treat2 m en t u sing an tib io tics and n itro sam ine destroyerṡ T he resu lt show s that the cancer incidence rate in the con tro l group is 58. 4% h igher than that in the experim en tal group after 9 yearṡ T he difference betw een these tw o group s is statistically sign ifican t (ς 2 = 8. 51, P < 0. 01) T h is is reliab le evidence that the p reven tive treatm en t is effective w hen based on the idea that endogenou s and n itro sam ine are the cancinogenesiṡ Key wordsn itritegn itro sam ine; p reven ting cancer; incidence of cancer am inobenzyl su lfate), (NO 3 - ), (Α- naph thylam ine) NO 3 -, N 2 N H 3 (1) [ (n itrification) ] (naph thylam ino - azo - benzyl su lfate), (2) NO 3 -,, Griess, 1. : 1. 1 NO 3 - : Griess, (para - NO 3 - Griess L ieberm an 1. 2 NO 3-1: Table 1. Observa tion on ba lance of NO 3 -, in serum and ur ine object NO 3 - spesim en serum urine serum urine persons m easured range (ppm ) geom etric A verage (ppm ) (3) 84

3 NO ppm (5), 10ppm, 8ppm 3: NO 3 - (4),, NO 3 - Table 2. Estima te of in take and absorbing NO 3 -, NO 3 -, NO (3) : of NO 3 - and in recipes (m g) abso rb into 2500m l of serun (ppm ) m axim al m inim al m axim al m inim al NO Table 3. m ea sured in var ious secretion s specim ens pus salivary in m iddle- ear no se sputum new bo rn babies healthy fasting 2-10 days cancer discharge secretion w ith in 2 days persons after operation cases persons m easured range of (ppm ) > 10ppm in cases > 10ppm % , N H 3 N H 4 +, 10ppm,, (endogenou s 0. 1ppm, 86. 6%, > 10ppm 1. 5 (3) :, ppm G %,, 1g2 NO 3 -,, 1,, 10ppm 1. 4 (6) : 3, > 10ppm, KC lo 3 o r vitam in B 1,, 1. 6 (7) : N H ppm, (n itrification) and n itro sam ine),, NO 2 - > O 2, O 2, 10ppm 4 85

4 ,, 5, Table 4. The results of carc inogenesis with endogenous and n itrosam ine in m iceṡ series feeding num ber p recancerius lesion breast cancer e x (A ) G + coccus 27 2 (7. 4) 1 (3. 7) g p e ro r u im (B) G + coccus+ am inopyrine 33 1 (3. 0) 1 (3. 0) p s e n ta (C)A spergillus niger 40 3 (7. 5) 3 (7. 5) l contro l group (D )only rice and w ater Table 5. Sym ptom s of endogenous com par ison with sym ptom s of habitua l con stipa tion 45 cases of endogenous 45 cases of habitual constipation symp tom s cases percentage % cases percentage % D istention in abdom en Fart Constipation Loo sing appetite M outh odo r bitter teste W eak D izzy giddy D igestive o rgan inflamm ation NO 2> 10ppm per 3 days : Table 6. Cancer position d istr ibution s in the (7) : 1952, 6000,,,,, : , 124g10, ( g10, g10 ) 2. 2, 6: Stom ach f lax textile m ill ( ) cancer po sition cases percent , L iver O esophagus Bow els Rhinopharynx L ung Cervix uteri B reast U rinary tract L eukem ia O thers To tal cases

5 Table 7. Sm ok ing and dr ink ing habit correla tion with cancer in f lax textile m ill (survey in years old of workers dur ing ) Item Smoking cigarette p iece. daily capacity no > > 20 to tal over 20 years no drinking w ine ounce. daily smoking+ drinking som e- over tim es < > 10 To tal a few 20 yes no years persons cancer cases % :, 2. 5 :, 8: Table 8. A ir pollution by bacter ia carr ing in f lax dust correla tion w ith cancer ( ) Item num ber of bacteia in air (diam eter 9cm of culture p late expo se 5 m inute) Series cleaning adm inistration+ To tal row flax w arpw eft w eaving p lant room sp inning pow er dinning dusty+ T atal m aterial softining o thers o thers persons Cancer cases incidence (10) 218 (a) 90 (b) 270 (c) (a): (b) ς 2 = P < (a): (c) ς 2 = 0. 46P > : 3. 1 : 1977, 2. 6 : 14, 6, 2030,,,,,, NO ppm, 9 > 10ppm 30 ( 8 ),,, 4,, 56. 2% ppm 1437, > 20ppm 15. 6%,,,, 2635, :, 87

6 ,, NO 3 -,,,, :, Table 9. Sta tistics of effect of preven ting cancer in f lax textile m ill. Group Experim ental group Contro l group Term mo rbidity mo rtality mo rbidity Period (year) P reventive p ractice no yes yes yes no no no no N um ber of persons Cancer cases 54 (a) 60 (c) (b) 105 (d) Incidence rate (1g10) Standardize (1g10) N ga 92 N ga N ga N ga N ga N ga 98 (c) : (b) ς 2 = P > (c) : (d) ς 2 = 8. 51P < : , 58. 4%, g10 5, 191g10 5, 3. 6,, 3., , , , , 3. 4, 1, F igu re 1. Com parison of cancer incidence rate betw een the experim en t group and the con tro l group in flax tex tile m ill. 1977, 1., , ,,

7 2., %, 17, 3.,, 3. 6,,,,,,,,, 4.,, ,,,,, (U ICC ), (8), 510, 1cm, , U ICC, %?, (supp l) : 2446., 9, %, 27. 9% %, 25. 8%, 25% %, 5, 4 2,, 1973: %,,,, (,,,! ) :, 1981: L ijinsky W. N itro sam ines and nitro sam idies in the etio lo2 gy of stom ach bow el cancers. Cancer R es, 1977; , 1983: 5 (1) : W agner DA. Young V R. Tannenbaum SR, M amm alian nitrate bio synthesis: incopo ration of N H 3 into nitrate is enhanced by endo toxin treatm ent,m edical seiences. P roc N atl A cad S ci U SA, 1983; 80 (7) : , 1973: 20, , 1962: , 1986: ,.. 89

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